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Adolfo Kaminsky, The Forger | 60 Minutes Archive

Original YouTube Video | 60minutes Published on 2024-01-26 Level：85 Speed：31 maxwordlevel：12

Video vocabulary

army

US / 'ɑ:mɪ /

•

UK / ˈɑrmi /

noun
Large group of soldiers organized to fight in wars

clock

US / klɒk /

•

UK / klɑ:k /

noun
A device that shows the time
verb
To measure the time something takes

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

lactic

US / 'læktɪk /

•

UK / ˈlæktɪk /

adjecitve
Of or obtained from milk (e.g. sour milk or whey)

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

talent

US / 'tælənt /

•

UK / ˈtælənt /

noun
Natural ability of a person to do something well
Person with a strong natural ability in something

tool

US / tu:l /

•

UK / tul /

noun
Device used to make things, e.g. a hammer
verb
To provide a workshop with the right equipment

small

US / smɔ:l /

•

UK / smɔl /

adjecitve
Little in size; not big
(Of letters) not written in capital letters
Being insignificant or minor
(Of a business) with few people or things; local
(Of voice) being soft and quiet
(Of a child) being young

try

US / traɪ /

•

UK / traɪ /

noun
Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
verb
To make an effort, to attempt to do something
To examine someone or something in a court of law
To test to see if it is good or you like it
To make a person go through hardship; test
To examine something to see if it works

feel

US / fi:l /

•

UK / fil /

verb
To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
To sense through direct contact; touch

past

US / pɑ:st /

•

UK / pæst /

adjecitve
No longer current or new
adverb
So as to go beyond, or further than something
noun
Time that existed before now, e.g. long ago
preposition
After a particular time
At a later point in distance; beyond

memory

US / 'memərɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛməri /

noun
Ability of the mind to call back past things
Space for the storage of information on a computer
Something that has been remembered

triomphe

US / traɪˈmestə(r) /

•

UK / traɪˈmɛstɚ, ˈtraɪˌmɛs- /

somehow

US / ˈsʌmhaʊ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌhaʊ /

adverb
In a way that is not known or certain

argentina

US / ˌɑ:dʒənˈti:nə /

•

UK / ˌɑrdʒənˈtinə /

noun
A republic in southern South America; second largest country in South America
other
Type genus of the Argentinidae: argentines

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

item

US / ˈaɪtəm /

•

UK / ˈaɪtəm /

noun
Single, brief piece of news or reporting
Distinct, individual thing, often part of a group

sure

US / ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ʃʊr /

adjecitve
Having no doubts about something
Have confidence in your own words or actions
Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
Being correct or true
adverb
What you say to agree willingly

bed

US / bed /

•

UK / bɛd /

noun
Flat bottom surface of a lake, ocean etc.
A piece of furniture that people sleep on
An area on which other things are put
Area of ground to grow vegetables or flowers
verb
To have sex with someone
To plant, fix, or attach something firmly to

detection

US / dɪˈtekʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈtɛkʃən /

noun
Act of discovering something or solving a crime

fabricate

US / ˈfæbrɪkeɪt /

•

UK / ˈfæbrɪˌket /

verb
To invent or create, especially to deceive, trick
To say things that are not true to trick someone
To manufacture things

interact

US / ˌɪntər'ækt /

•

UK / ˌɪntɚˈækt /

verb
To talk or do things with each other

obviously

US / ˈɒbviəsli /

•

UK / ˈɑːbviəsli /

adverb
In a way that is obvious/easy to see or understand

quantity

US / ˈkwɒntəti /

•

UK / ˈkwɑntɪti /

noun
A large amount of something
Amount or number of something

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

trade

US / treɪd /

•

UK / treid /

noun
A specific industry, e.g. shoe making
Action of buying and selling things in business
The buying and selling of goods and services
Exchanging something for something else
Job often requiring physical skills, e.g. plumbing
verb
To buy, sell and exchange goods in business
To give something in return for something else

actually

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

•

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

adverb
Used to add new (often different) information

eternal

US / ɪ'tɜ:nl /

•

UK / ɪˈtɚnəl /

adjecitve
Endless; constant; never ending

realize

US / 'ri:əlaɪz /

•

UK / ˈriəˌlaɪz /

verb
To become aware of or understand mentally

speak

US / spi:k /

•

UK / spik /

verb
To be able to use a certain language
To use words to tell information, express thoughts

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

write

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

verb
To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
To invent or create a computer program
To create a song or piece of music

print

US / prɪnt /

•

UK / prɪnt /

noun
Process of making books, magazines etc.
verb
To make many copies of a page, magazine or book
To write individual letters by hand in capitals

story

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building
Account or description of how something happened

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

always

US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /

•

UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /

adverb
For a very long time
At all times; in every situation
For ever

many

US / 'menɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛni /

determiner
Used to refer a large number of things

marriage

US / ˈmærɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈmærɪdʒ /

noun
Relationship between a husband and a wife
A wedding ceremony
Close union between two things

painter

US / ˈpeɪntə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpentɚ /

noun
Person who paints pieces of art; artist
Person who gets paid to paint things, e.g. houses

shoe

US / ʃu: /

•

UK / ʃu /

noun
Outer covering for the foot, often made of leather
Piece of metal nailed under a horse's foot
verb
To put a metal ring on a horse's foot

survivor

US / səˈvaɪvə(r) /

•

UK / sərˈvaɪvə(r) /

noun
Person, thing that continues to live or exist

thousand

US / ˈθaʊznd /

•

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

number
Number 1,000

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

afraid

US / əˈfreɪd /

•

UK / əˈfred /

adjecitve
Worried that something bad will happen; scared

authority

US / ɔ:ˈθɒrəti /

•

UK / əˈθɔrɪti, əˈθɑr-, ɔˈθɔr-, ɔˈθɑr- /

noun
The power to give orders to people
Person who is an expert on a particular topic
Expert knowledge on a given subject
The power to decide or approve things
a group of people who have the official power to make decisions

continue

US / kən'tɪnju: /

•

UK / kənˈtɪnju /

verb
To do something without stopping, or after pausing
To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop

countless

US / ˈkaʊntləs /

•

UK / ˈkaʊntlɪs /

adjecitve
Being too many to be numbered or imagined

massive

US / ˈmæsɪv /

•

UK / ˈmæsɪv /

adjecitve
Very big; large; too big

overran

US / ˌəʊvə'ræn /

•

UK / ˌovɚˈræn /

verb
To exceed or be too much; take too long
To go in and be present in large numbers

race

US / reɪs /

•

UK / res /

noun
Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
People who share physical features or culture
verb
To take part in a running or swimming competition
To move or go at a very fast pace
To take someone, something to a place very quickly

sort

US / sɔ:t /

•

UK / sɔrt /

noun
Group or class of similar things or people
verb
To organize things by putting them into groups
To deal with things in an organized way

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

block

US / blɒk /

•

UK / blɑk /

noun
Solid piece of material used for building
A piece of wood, chocolate etc.
Hard piece of wood, stone etc. with straight edges
Building made up of offices or apartments
Area of a city divided by four streets
verb
To stop from going forward or making progress

elise

US / eˈliːz /

•

UK / ɪˈliz /

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

during

US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

preposition
At some point in the course of an event or thing

family

US / 'fæməlɪ /

•

UK / ˈfæmli /

noun
Close group of people or organizations
A group of people who are related through blood
Group of related plants or animals

force

US / fɔ:s /

•

UK / fɔrs, fors /

noun
Group of persons trained for military action; army
Pressure; attraction
The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
verb
To use physical strength or violence to persuade

locate

US / ləʊ'keɪt /

•

UK / ˈloˌket,loˈket /

verb
To find exactly where something is positioned
To put something in a new place

imitate

US / ˈɪmɪteɪt /

•

UK / ˈɪmɪˌtet /

verb
To act, speak like someone or something else

ink

US / ɪŋk /

•

UK / ɪŋk /

noun
Liquid found in pens
verb
To sign (a document)

respect

US / rɪ'spekt /

•

UK / rɪˈspɛkt /

noun
Behavior that follows the established rules
Admiration for someone
Regard or admiration for someone or something
verb
To follow the established rules
To think very highly of another person

student

US / ˈstju:dnt /

•

UK / ˈstudnt, ˈstjud- /

noun
Person studying at school

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

dead

US / ded /

•

UK / dɛd /

adjecitve
Not alive
Being bored or not interested
Unable to operate because electricity etc. ran out
Being unable to feel, physically or emotionally
adverb
Completely; absolutely

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

hard

US / hɑ:d /

•

UK / hɑː(r)d /

adjecitve
Difficult to do; difficult to understand
(Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
(Of alcohol) strong
Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
Strong
(Of edge) clear; sharp
Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
adverb
With lots of force, power, or impact

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

birth

US / bɜ:θ /

•

UK / bɜ:rθ /

noun
Time when a baby or young animal is born
Beginning of something
Social position based on the family you come from

city

US / 'sɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɪti /

noun
Area with many buildings, roads and people

alter

US / ˈɔ:ltə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔltɚ /

verb
To change so (clothing) fits better

arc

US / ɑ:k /

•

UK / ɑrk /

noun
Smoothly curving line or movement
verb
To bend in a smooth curve

fight

US / faɪt /

•

UK / faɪt /

noun
An argument or quarrel
Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
A struggle to do a difficult task
verb
To argue or quarrel with someone about something
To try to hurt someone by hitting them
To struggle to do a difficult task

guilty

US / 'ɡɪltɪ /

•

UK / ˈɡɪlti /

adjecitve
Responsible for doing something wrong

yeah

US / jeə /

•

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

exclamation
Another way of saying 'yes'

absolutely

US / ˈæbsəlu:tli /

•

UK / ˈæbsəˌlutli, ˌæbsəˈlutli /

adverb
Completely; totally; very

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

case

US / keɪs /

•

UK / kes /

noun
Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
Set of facts about a crime
Set of facts about an event
Example or instance of something
verb
To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

great

US / ɡreɪt /

•

UK / ɡret /

adjecitve
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
adverb
Very good; better than before
noun
Successful and well-admired person

lab

US / læb /

•

UK / læb /

noun
Short for 'laboratory'

paintbrush

US / ˈpeɪntbrʌʃ /

•

UK / ˈpentˌbrʌʃ /

noun
Brush used as an applicator (to apply paint)

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

everywhere

US / ˈevriweə(r) /

•

UK / ˈevriwer /

adverb
Every place

excite

US / ɪk'saɪt /

•

UK / ɪkˈsaɪt /

verb
To make something or someone become more active
To make someone feel happy, interested or eager

disappear

US / ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r) /

•

UK / ˌdɪsəˈpɪr /

verb
To no longer see because it's not there any more

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

resistance

US / rɪ'zɪstəns /

•

UK / rɪˈzɪstəns /

noun
Force that stops or slows movement of something
Refusal to accept something new or different

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

she

US / ʃɪ /

•

UK / ʃi /

pronoun
Female person or animal mentioned before
(Refers to female person mentioned before)

supplier

US / səˈplaɪə(r) /

•

UK / səˈplaɪər /

noun
Organization that provides a product or service

nothing

US / 'nʌθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈnʌθɪŋ /

noun
Item of little or no value, importance, interest
Number or value of zero
pronoun
Not anything, not a single thing

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

eventually

US / ɪˈventʃuəli /

•

UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /

adverb
After a long time; after many attempts; in the end

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

US / 'pi:pl /

•

UK / ˈpipəl /

noun
Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
Men, Women, Children

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

storey

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

witness

US / 'wɪtnəs /

•

UK / ˈwɪtnɪs /

noun
Person who was present to see an event take place
Evidence or proof of something
verb
To see the signing of an official document
To see an event take place (usually a crime)
To serve as an example or evidence of something

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

desperately

US / 'despərətlɪ /

•

UK / ˈdɛspərɪtlɪ /

adverb
In a way that shows you don't have much hope

expertise

US / ˌekspɜ:ˈti:z /

•

UK / ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz /

noun
The special knowledge that an expert has

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

machine

US / mə'ʃi:n /

•

UK / məˈʃin /

noun
Piece of equipment used to do work
Powerful group who control and organize things
verb
To shape, work on something, using a device

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

six

US / sɪks /

•

UK / sɪks /

number
6

sixty

US / 'sɪkstɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɪksti /

number
60

tonight

US / təˈnaɪt /

•

UK / təˈnaɪt /

adverb
Night following this day
noun
This evening; the night of today

western

US / ˈwestən /

•

UK / ˈwestərn /

adjecitve
Movies often about cowboys in the American West
Coming from, found in, or facing towards the west

without

US / wɪˈðaʊt /

•

UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /

preposition
Not with; not having

draw

US / drɔ: /

•

UK / drɔ /

noun
Something that attracts people to visit a place
A lottery or prize
Result of a game, contest where the score is equal
verb
To attract attention to someone or something
To get closer to or approach something or someone
To influence a person's involvement in something
To move an object by pulling
To create an image using pen or pencil and paper
To take one thing out of a container, etc.
(Of 2 teams) to finish a game with the same score

challenge

US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /

•

UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /

noun
An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
Act of formally inviting someone to compete
A question to determine correctness of something
verb
To formally invite someone to compete at something
To question the correctness of something

history

US / 'hɪstrɪ /

•

UK / ˈhɪstəri /

noun
Established pattern or record
Study of past events as an academic subject

hear

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

verb
To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
To be told or find out information or facts
To consider or listen to a court case

father

US / ˈfɑ:ðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɑðɚ /

noun
A male parent
Man who is the first to do or invent something
verb
To create a child by making a woman pregnant

government

US / ˈgʌvənmənt /

•

UK / ˈɡʌvənmənt /

noun
Group of people and system that rule a nation

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

horror

US / ˈhɒrə(r) /

•

UK / ˈhɔrɚ, ˈhɑr- /

noun
Feeling of great shock or fear; thing causing it

rewind

US / ˌri:ˈwaɪnd /

•

UK / riˈwaɪnd /

verb
To make something go backwards

occupation

US / ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɑkjəˈpeʃən /

noun
A career or regular job
Act of entering and taking control of an area

store

US / stɔ:(r) /

•

UK / stɔr, stor /

noun
Place where things are kept for future use
Place where you can go to buy things
verb
To put things in a place for later use

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

attic

US / ˈætɪk /

•

UK / ˈætɪk /

noun
Room at the top of a house just below the roof

exist

US / ɪɡ'zɪst /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzɪst /

verb
To be present, alive or real

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

fall

US / fɔ:l /

•

UK / fɔl /

noun
Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
A drop in amount; decrease
Dropping from a standing position to the ground
verb
To drop in amount; to decrease
To come down from a higher position suddenly
To go from standing to the ground, by accident

center

US / 'sentə /

•

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

noun
Community place people go health or social reasons
Place in the middle of something
Person or thing that is attracting attention
verb
To direct focus toward something

suburb

US / ˈsʌbɜ:b /

•

UK / ˈsʌbɜ:rb /

noun
Residential area on the outskirts of a city

ceremony

US / 'serəmənɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɛrəˌmoni /

noun
Special social or religious event
Rigidly formal way of behaving

hundred

US / 'hʌndrəd /

•

UK / ˈhʌndrɪd /

number
100

month

US / mʌnθ /

•

UK / mʌnθ /

noun
One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year

group

US / ɡru:p /

•

UK / ɡrup /

noun
Two or more musicians who play music together
Number of people or things gathered together
verb
To combine or collect objects or people together

model

US / ˈmɒdl /

•

UK / ˈmɑ:dl /

adjecitve
Being an excellent example of
noun
Person who wears fashion to show it to the public
A small scale copy of a full original
verb
To wear and display clothes at a fashion show
To make a small scale copy of a full original

young

US / jʌŋ /

•

UK / jʌŋ /

adjecitve
At an early stage of existence; not mature
Being recently created or started
noun
Babies in a group or family of animals

wood

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

adjecitve
Living or existing in the woods
Made from the material from trees
noun
Person's name
Land covered with trees, smaller than a forest
Cut tree used for making fires or building things
verb
To plant an area of land with trees

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

ninety

US / 'naɪntɪ /

•

UK / ˈnaɪnti /

number
90

suffer

US / 'sʌfə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsʌfɚ /

verb
To experience pain, illness, or injury

often

US / ˈɔfən /

•

UK / ˈɔfən,ˈɑfən,ˈɔftən,ˈɑf- /

adverb
Many times; frequently; on many occasions

teenager

US / ˈti:neɪdʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtinˌedʒɚ /

noun
Person between the ages of 13 and 19

town

US / taʊn /

•

UK / taʊn /

noun
Small city
Part of city with shops and entertainments

art

US / ɑ:t /

•

UK / ɑrt /

noun
Creative skill using the imagination e.g. painting
A skill or talent you have

document

US / 'dɒkjʊmənt /

•

UK / ˈdɑkjəmənt /

noun
Official (printed) record that gives information
verb
To support an opinion with recorded evidence

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

onto

US / ˈɒntə /

•

UK / ˈɑnˌtu, -tə, ˈɔn- /

preposition
Towards a certain direction/into a certain area

rely

US / rɪ'laɪ /

•

UK / rɪˈlaɪ /

verb
Depend on with full trust or confidence

bear

US / bɛː /

•

UK / bɛr /

noun
Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
Someone who expects stock market to fall
verb
To accept (responsibilities or duties)
To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
To accept or suffer the weight of difficulties
To keep moving left or right while going forward
To show (sign of something)
To support the weight of something, e.g. a bridge

everyday

US / ˈevrideɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˈde /

adjecitve
Used or seen daily; for daily use; ordinary

carte

US / kɑ:t /

•

UK / kɑ:t /

noun
List of dishes available at a restaurant

freedom

US / 'fri:dəm /

•

UK / ˈfridəm /

noun
State of being free, not being controlled

quickly

US / ˈkwɪkli /

•

UK / ˈkwɪklɪ /

adverb
Without taking a lot of time; fast

raise

US / reɪz /

•

UK / rez /

noun
Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
Pay increase
verb
To increase a bet above another when playing cards
To gather donations for a cause or charity
To bring up and educate a child to maturity
To bring a dead person to life
To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
To increase (salary, etc.)
To grow or care for plants or animals

problem

US / ˈprɒbləm /

•

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

adjecitve
Causing trouble
noun
Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
Question to show understanding of a math concept

arrest

US / əˈrest /

•

UK / əˈrɛst /

noun
Act of catching people who committed crimes
verb
To attract someone's attention and hold interest
(Police) to catch and keep criminals
To stop or slow something that is happening

ask

US / ɑ:sk /

•

UK / æsk /

verb
To say to someone that you want something

manufacture

US / ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˌmænjəˈfæktʃɚ /

verb
To produce large numbers of products in a factory
To create a story or explanation that is not true

ration

US / ˈræʃn /

•

UK / ˈræʃən, ˈreʃən /

noun
Restriction of the amount someone can eat, use etc.
An allocation of e.g. food (when it is scarce)

piece

US / pi:s /

•

UK / pis /

noun
A counter in a board game
Small part of something larger
verb
To put items together to assemble something

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

yourself

US / jɔ:ˈself /

•

UK / jʊrˈsɛlf, jɔr-, jor-, jə- /

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'you', used for an emphasis

unique

US / jʊ'ni:k /

•

UK / juˈnik /

adjecitve
Unlike other things; being the only one like it

amazing

US / ə'meɪzɪŋ /

•

UK / ə'meɪzɪŋ /

adjecitve
Surprising in a pleasing way
verb
To cause wonder; to surprise completely

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

danger

US / ˈdeɪndʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdendʒɚ /

noun
The possibility of getting hurt, damaged, killed

handwriting

US / ˈhændraɪtɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈhændˌraɪtɪŋ /

noun
Way a person's writing looks

incredible

US / ɪnˈkredəbl /

•

UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəbəl /

adjecitve
Very good; amazing
Really good; amazing; great
Very hard to believe

job

US / dʒɒb /

•

UK / dʒɑ:b /

noun
Something that must be done
Regular work at which you earn money

sound

US / saʊnd /

•

UK / saʊnd /

adjecitve
Sensible, dependable and reliable
Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
Firm or solid in structure
Sane; not mentally ill
Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
noun
Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
verb
To seem or appear to be, from what was said
To say in a clear deliberate manner
To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

reluctant

US / rɪˈlʌktənt /

•

UK / rɪˈlʌktənt /

adjecitve
Experiencing or expressing unwillingness to do

such

US / sʌtʃ /

•

UK / sʌtʃ /

determiner
Being similar to
(Thing) as previously stated or referred to
adverb
(Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

bordeaux

US / bɔ:ˈdəʊ /

•

UK / bɔrˈdo /

noun
A red, white, or rosé wine from the district of Bordeaux.
proper noun
A port in southwestern France, on the Garonne River; population 235,878 (2006).

border

US / 'bɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈbɔrdɚ /

noun
Outer part or edge of something
Line separating one country, state from another
verb
To be right next to another country or state
To form the edge of something
To form the edge of (road, etc.)

few

US / fju: /

•

UK / fju /

pronoun
Not many, a small number

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

partial

US / ˈpɑ:ʃl /

•

UK / ˈpɑ:rʃl /

adjecitve
Giving better treatment to one person than another
Not complete; being only part of something

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

mayer

US / mæks /

•

UK / mæks /

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

control

US / kən'trəʊl /

•

UK / kənˈtrol /

noun
A device designed to operate a machine
Participant in experiment that is left untouched
Act to dominate or command; make manageable
A law limiting the growth or spread of something
A place which overseas or manages e.g. a factory
verb
To direct or influence the behavior of something

hour

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

noun
60 minutes
Particular time of the day
Fixed, regularly occurring time

myself

US / maɪˈself /

•

UK / maɪˈsɛlf /

pronoun
The same person who did the action mentioned
My regular, usual, or healthy self

split

US / splɪt /

•

UK / splɪt /

adjecitve
No longer married or in a relationship
(Injured) by cutting it open, as in someone's lip
(Of a decision) when people cannot decide a winner
noun
Difference of opinion in a group causing a break
Separation or a break in something
verb
To become divided or broken along a straight line
To cause a cut in (lip, etc.)
To have difference of opinion in a group
To separate into two or more pieces
To divide something in an even or fair way

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

though

US / ðəu /

•

UK / ðo /

adverb
Although, despite the fact that

determine

US / dɪ'tɜ:mɪn /

•

UK / dɪˈtɚmɪn /

verb
To control exactly how something will be or act
To establish the facts about; discover

difference

US / 'dɪfrəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /

noun
A thing or issue that people do not agree about
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

farm

US / fɑ:m /

•

UK / fɑ:rm /

noun
Land used for growing crops or raising animals
verb
To use land for raising plants or animals for food

french

US / frentʃ /

•

UK / frentʃ /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of France
noun
Person's name

never

US / 'nevə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

adverb
Not ever; not at any time

replace

US / rɪ'pleɪs /

•

UK / rɪˈples /

verb
To use instead of something else
To return an item to its original location

send

US / send /

•

UK / sɛnd /

verb
To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
To cause mail or packages to go to another place
To move something quickly in a particular way
To give information or greetings to someone

animal

US / ˈænɪml /

•

UK / ˈænəməl /

noun
A living creature that is not a plant or person

card

US / kɑ:d /

•

UK / kɑ:rd /

noun
One of 54 pieces of paper used in a game of cards
Small piece of paper or plastic used as ID
verb
(Golf) to record how many hits you took

load

US / ləʊd /

•

UK / lod /

noun
Large, often heavy, amount of a thing to be moved
A burden; heavy responsibility
Many or much of something; a lot of
Items that fill a truck, machine
verb
To put in items for use (e.g. bullets in a gun)

jew

US / dʒuː /

•

UK / dʒuː /

noun
One of a people whose religion is Judaism

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

salvage

US / 'sælvɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈsælvɪdʒ /

verb
To save damaged or discarded material
To do something to prevent a disaster

talk

US / tɔ:k /

•

UK / tɔk /

noun
Style of speaking
Discussion between two countries
Giving information in front of people; lecture
Saying things or ideas to someone with words
verb
To make a formal speech about something
To say things or ideas to someone with words

difficult

US / 'dɪfɪkəlt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlt, -kəlt /

adjecitve
Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it

correct

US / kə'rekt /

•

UK / kəˈrɛkt /

adjecitve
Being suitable and appropriate for an occasion
True or accurate
verb
To fix a problem
To write marks on a piece of work to show mistakes
To punish in order to improve

street

US / stri:t /

•

UK / strit /

noun
Road in a city with buildings and places to walk

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

fateful

US / 'feɪtfl /

•

UK / ˈfetfəl /

adjecitve
Having an important (bad) effect on future events

spend

US / spend /

•

UK / spɛnd /

verb
To use money to pay for something
To use time in order to do something
To use up something completely

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

trace

US / treɪs /

•

UK / tres /

noun
Very small quantity of something
verb
To make an outline to determine a shape
To find someone or something that has disappeared
To draw the outline of an image through thin paper

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

auschwitz

US / ˈɔʃwɪts /

•

UK / ˈaʊʃvɪts /

other
A Nazi concentration camp for Jews in southwestern Poland during World War II

fourteen

US / ˌfɔ:ˈti:n /

•

UK / fɔrˈtin /

number
14

free

US / fri: /

•

UK / fri /

adjecitve
Living, happening without being controlled
Costing no money
Not working; not busy
verb
To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison

school

US / sku:l /

•

UK / skul /

adjecitve
Being to do with schools and education
noun
Large group of fish that swim together
Education of a child
Building where you learn in classes with a teacher
A particular belief or idea about something
verb
To teach or train someone to know or do something

shop

US / ʃɒp /

•

UK / ʃɑ:p /

noun
Place to learn how to fix or make things; class
Place where things are fixed or repaired, e.g. cars
Place which sells things
verb
To look for or buy goods or services

stamp

US / stæmp /

•

UK / stæmp /

noun
Object used to mark a surface with a pattern
Sign of a particular quality
Piece of paper you pay to put on a letter you mail
Forceful step with your foot on the ground
verb
To press a seal on a document to make it official
To cause something to be remembered
To put a stamp on a letter
To make a loud sound with your foot, as when angry

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

word

US / wɜ:d /

•

UK / wɚd /

noun
Unit of language that has a meaning
Promise
Short remark or piece of information
verb
To express something by choosing particular words

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

fit

US / fɪt /

•

UK / fɪt /

adjecitve
Good looking; physically attractive
Proper or acceptable; morally or socially correct
noun
Sudden loss of body control; attack (of crying)
verb
To install a machine, equipment etc.
To adjust or change to the right size or shape
To be the right size and shape that you want

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

murder

US / 'mɜ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɚdɚ /

noun
Something that is difficult or painful to do
Crime of deliberately killing a person
verb
To intentionally kill a person
To spoil, ruin something by doing it poorly

person

US / 'pɜ:sn /

•

UK / 'pɜ:rsn /

noun
Man, woman or child

wall

US / wɔ:l /

•

UK / wɔl /

noun
High, flat side of a room or building

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

wow

US / waʊ /

•

UK / waʊ /

exclamation
Sound people make when they make are impressed
verb
(Informal) to greatly impress someone

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

colleague

US / 'kɒli:ɡ /

•

UK / ˈkɑlˌiɡ /

noun
Person you work or cooperate with

fine

US / faɪn /

•

UK / faɪn /

adjecitve
Good, acceptable or satisfactory
Of high quality; made with great skill
In a careful or exact manner; into small pieces
Being of high quality
Good; okay; no problem
(Of weather) good; not raining
noun
Money you have to pay because you broke a rule
verb
To pay money because you broke a law

five

US / faɪv /

•

UK / faɪv /

number
5

critical

US / ˈkrɪtɪkl /

•

UK / ˈkrɪtɪkəl /

adjecitve
Making a negative judgment of something
Being important or serious; vital; dangerous
Most important part

live

US / lɪv /

•

UK / liv /

adjecitve
Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
Glowing because burning; hot
Not yet killed (for food)
adverb
(Music, drama) as it is performed
verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

kind

US / kaɪnd /

•

UK / kaɪnd /

adjecitve
In a caring and helpful manner
friendly and considerate
noun
One type of thing

identify

US / aɪ'dentɪfaɪ /

•

UK / aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ /

verb
To indicate who or what someone or something is

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

humanity

US / hju:ˈmænəti /

•

UK / hjuˈmænɪti /

noun
Quality of being understanding or sympathetic
Human race as one group of people

switzerland

US / 'swɪtsələnd /

•

UK / 'swɪtsərlənd /

other
A landlocked federal republic in central Europe

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

woman

US / ˈwʊmən /

•

UK / ˈwʊmən /

noun
Adult female human being

convent

US / ˈkɒnvənt /

•

UK / ˈkɑ:nvent /

noun
Place where nuns live

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

marie

US / mɑ:'sel /

•

UK / mɑ:'sel /

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

treat

US / tri:t /

•

UK / trit /

noun
Something you buy for others as a surprise present
something that tastes good and that is not eaten often
verb
To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
To use medical methods to try to cure an illness
To act in a certain way toward someone

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

university

US / ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sətɪ /

•

UK / ˌjunɪˈvɜrsəti /

noun
High-level educational institution; college

france

US / ˈfrɑːns /

•

UK / fræns /

noun
A republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

lucky

US / 'lʌkɪ /

•

UK / ˈlʌki /

adjecitve
Fortunate; having good things happen by chance

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

perfect

US / 'pɜ:fɪkt /

•

UK / ˈpɚfɪkt /

adjecitve
So good it cannot be improved
verb
To do something so well, it cannot be done better

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

sister

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

noun
Female you share a parent with
Full-time female member of a (Christian) religion

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

deep

US / di:p /

•

UK / dip /

adjecitve
Complex and important
Extreme or intense
Going far down from the surface
Low in pitch, as a sound
adverb
At a certain distance beneath the surface

defence

US / dɪˈfens /

•

UK / dɪˈfɛns /

noun
The process of protecting something from attack

chemical

US / ˈkemɪkl /

•

UK / ˈkɛmɪkəl /

adjecitve
Made of various elements
noun
Basic substance produced by mixing elements

erase

US / ɪˈreɪz /

•

UK / ɪˈreɪs /

verb
To remove data in computer memory, tape, etc.
To remove written information by mistake

nazi

US / ˈnɑ:tsi /

•

UK / ˈnɑtsi, ˈnæt- /

noun
Relating to or consistent with or typical of the ideology and practice of Nazism or the Nazis

man

US / mæn /

•

UK / mæn /

noun
Humans in general, including male and female
An adult male human being
Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
verb
To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)

paris

US / 'pærɪs /

•

UK / ˈpærɪs /

other
Sometimes placed in subfamily Trilliaceae

stand

US / stænd /

•

UK / stænd /

noun
Effort to fight against something
Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
Place in a stadium where spectators watch
Table where things are sold at a fair or market
verb
To be a candidate in an election
To be able to accept someone, something; bear
To last for a long time
To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
To place something in a particular position; place
To be (as stated)
To still be valid
To have an opinion about something

answer

US / 'ɑ:nsə(r) /

•

UK / ˈænsɚ /

noun
Reply to a question someone asks
Solution to a problem or test question
verb
To reply to a question someone asks
To solve a test question or a problem

certificate

US / səˈtɪfɪkət /

•

UK / sərˈtɪfɪkət /

noun
Official paper accepted as proof of something

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

realistic

US / ˌri:əˈlɪstɪk /

•

UK / ˌriəˈlɪstɪk /

adjecitve
Looks or appears real; like things really are

solution

US / səˈlu:ʃn /

•

UK / səˈluʃən /

noun
Mix of a liquid and a solid or a gas
Way to solve or deal with a problem

eighteen

US / ˌeɪˈti:n /

•

UK / eˈtin /

number
18

sale

US / seɪl /

•

UK / sel /

noun
Event during which the prices of goods are reduced
Giving something for money; the amount sold

old

US / əʊld /

•

UK / old /

adjecitve
Having existed for a long time, not young or new
Age of a person since birth

work

US / wɜ:k /

•

UK / wɚk /

adjecitve
Activity completed in order to make money
noun
The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
Everything created by an author, artist, musician
Activity you do in order to make money
Place of employment
Final product or result of a some labor or effort
verb
To bring into a specific state of success
To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
To do your job in your company or workplace
To make an effort to do something
To operate a machine or device

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

dame

US / deɪm /

•

UK / dem /

noun
Title of respect given to a woman

everyone

US / ˈevriwʌn /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌwʌn /

pronoun
Every person; everybody

junk

US / dʒʌŋk /

•

UK / dʒʌŋk /

noun
Something that is old, useless, or has no value
verb
To get rid of something because it has no value

remove

US / rɪˈmu:v /

•

UK / rɪˈmuv /

verb
To get rid of something completely
To make someone leave his or her job or position
To move, erase or take away from a place
To take something off (e.g. clothing)

produce

US / prə'dju:s /

•

UK / prəˈdus, -ˈdjus, pro- /

noun
Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
verb
To grow something naturally
To make something appear
To manufacture something using machines
To control the making a movie or television show

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

agree

US / əˈgri: /

•

UK / əˈɡri /

verb
To have the same opinion as someone else

clandestine

US / klænˈdestɪn /

•

UK / klænˈdɛstɪn /

adjecitve
Kept or done in secret

death

US / deθ /

•

UK / dɛθ /

noun
When someone dies; the end of life

figure

US / ˈfiɡə /

•

UK / ˈfɪɡjɚ /

noun
Your body shape
Numbers in a calculation
Doll-like thing meant to represent a person
Picture or diagram giving information in a text
Person who is very important or famous
Shape of a person seen indistinctly or in outline
Amount that is expressed in numbers
verb
To appear in a game, play or event
To calculate how much something will cost
To understand after thinking; work out

huge

US / hju:dʒ /

•

UK / hjudʒ /

adjecitve
Very very large

nose

US / nəʊz /

•

UK / noʊz /

noun
Part of the face used for breathing and smelling
Front, pointed end of e.g. airplane or rocket
verb
To push with your face so you can smell something

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

signature

US / ˈsɪgnətʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsɪɡnətʃɚ /

adjecitve
Something that represents a person's work or style
noun
Person's name written in their handwriting

yes

US / jes /

•

UK / jɛs /

adverb
Way to say you agree or will do something

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

troop

US / tru:p /

•

UK / trup /

noun
Group of people
Group of mammals or birds
A group of soldiers
verb
To walk past in a group or large number
To move or gather in a crowd

artist

US / ˈɑ:tɪst /

•

UK / ˈɑrtɪst /

noun
A person skilled and creative in art e.g. painter

neighbour

US / 'neɪbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnebɚ /

noun
Person who lives, or is near, you

room

US / ru:m /

•

UK / rum, rʊm /

noun
All of the people inside a particular room
Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
verb
To share a home with someone

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

surrender

US / sə'rendə(r) /

•

UK / səˈrɛndɚ /

noun
Ending a fight you cannot win; formally giving up
verb
To give up in a fight that you cannot win
To give in, e.g. to person's demands or temptation

believe

US / bɪ'li:v /

•

UK / bɪˈliv /

verb
To think or accept that something is true
To have a particular opinion about something

display

US / dɪˈspleɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈsple /

noun
Arrangement of objects so people can see or buy
verb
(Animals) to indicate readiness for sex
To show, e.g. your feelings, thoughts; demonstrate
To put so they can be seen or be bought

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

unimaginable

US / ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbl /

•

UK / ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbl /

adjecitve
That cannot be imagined; unthinkable

argentinian

US / ˌɑ:dʒən'tɪnɪən /

•

UK / ˌɑ:rdʒən'tɪnɪrn /

noun
A native or inhabitant of Argentina

citizenship

US / ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp /

•

UK / ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp /

noun
Status of a citizen who has rights and duties

brave

US / breɪv /

•

UK / brev /

adjecitve
Not letting fear or danger stop you acting
noun
(Old-fashioned) A native American warrior
verb
To not be afraid of doing something dangerous

change

US / tʃeɪndʒ /

•

UK / tʃendʒ /

noun
Exchange of one set of clothes for another
Money in the form of coins instead of paper
Money returned after giving too much
Act of making or becoming something else
verb
To exchange one set of clothes for another
To exchange one kind of money for another
To replace something with another thing
To make or become something else
To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

identity

US / aɪ'dentətɪ /

•

UK / aɪˈdɛntɪti /

noun
Collection of qualities that makes a person

personally

US / ˈpɜ:sənəli /

•

UK / ˈpəsənəli /

adverb
By a specific person, and not by anyone else
Knowing someone as a friend, or closely

police

US / pəˈli:s /

•

UK / pəˈlis /

adjecitve
Concerning the police and its business
noun
People, often in uniforms, who solve crimes
verb
To control an area, or group with a police force

show

US / ʃəʊ /

•

UK / ʃo /

noun
False display of love, emotion or action
An event for displaying or promoting goods
Play, opera or theater production
Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
verb
To be easily seen or displayed
To display your emotions or feelings
To let someone see something; display
To explain or teach how something is done
To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
To prove something to be true, correct
To reveal or allow something to be seen

simple

US / 'sɪmpl /

•

UK / ˈsɪmpəl /

adjecitve
Not hard to understand or do; not complex
Having only a few parts; not complex
Being ordinary or normal
Being plain; without a lot added for style

daughter

US / ˈdɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdɔtɚ /

adjecitve
(Of a company) being a subsidiary of another firm
noun
A female child of someone

fake

US / feɪk /

•

UK / fek /

adjecitve
Not real; made to look like something real
noun
A copy of something made to trick people
verb
To make move in sports to trick a player
To try to trick or deceive someone

dry

US / draɪ /

•

UK / draɪ /

adjecitve
(Of humor) clever, but not obvious; ironic
Without water; not wet
(Of wine, etc.) not sweet
Without butter or jam
verb
To remove liquid or water from something

paper

US / ˈpeɪpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpeɪpər /

adjecitve
Not existing in reality, or done infrequently
Made from the material that we use to make books
noun
Academic writing or a talk on a specific topic
Written test
Newspaper
Pages of a book are made from this

possible

US / ˈpɒsəbl /

•

UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /

adjecitve
Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
Having a chance of happening, or being true

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

network

US / ˈnetwɜ:k /

•

UK / ˈnetwɜ:rk /

noun
Group of computers connected to each other
System of connections
Group who work closely with each other
Group of radio or television stations, programs
verb
To join a group of computers together
To exchange information with colleagues, contacts

risk

US / rɪsk /

•

UK / rɪsk /

noun
Actions that cause potential problems
verb
To do something potentially dangerous or foolish

very

US / 'verɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning a large degree or amount
adverb
A lot; much; many
Used to stress or emphasize a noun

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

smuggle

US / ˈsmʌgl /

•

UK / ˈsmʌɡəl /

verb
To illegally bring goods/people into a place
To bring something/someone into a place secretly

color

US / 'kʌlə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌlɚ /

noun
Quality of things you can see, e.g. red, blue
Pink or red in your face, e.g. after being ill
The shade of someone's skin e.g. black, or yellow
verb
To change or affect someone's opinion
To make something colorful using colored pencils

food

US / fu:d /

•

UK / fud /

noun
What people and animals eat to live
Things taken in by plants to maintain life
A particular style or type of cooking, e.g. Asian

incredibly

US / ɪnˈkredəbli /

•

UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəblɪ /

adverb
To a great degree; very; amazingly

mother

US / ˈmʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmʌðɚ /

noun
Female who has a child or children; female parent
verb
To take care of someone as if they were your child

reproduce

US / ˌri:prə'dju:s /

•

UK / ˌriprəˈdus, -ˈdjus /

verb
To make a copy of something
To have children/young; grow roots/new plants

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

seventy

US / ˈsevnti /

•

UK / ˈsɛvənti /

number
70

survive

US / sə'vaɪv /

•

UK / sɚˈvaɪv /

verb
To continue to live despite illness or trouble

jewish

US / ˈdʒu:ɪʃ /

•

UK / ˈdʒuɪʃ /

adjecitve

round

US / raʊnd /

•

UK / raʊnd /

adjecitve
Being in the shape of a circle or ball
Consisting of curved and not straight lines
Somewhat fat or curved in physical appearance
Being a whole number, not a fraction, decimal
adverb
From beginning to end (e.g. of the year)
noun
One of the three-minute periods in boxing
Drinks bought by one person for a group
Series regular visits, routes, or stops at places
Single shot or bullet fired from a gun
An object with a circular shape
One stage in a series of games, e.g. football
One's turn in a game such as cards
preposition
Going around
verb
To cause or make a circular or curved shape
To go or pass around the bend or corner
To change from a fraction to nearest whole number

stun

US / stʌn /

•

UK / stʌn /

verb
To greatly shock or surprise; totally amaze
To incapacitate using a special gun

against

US / əˈgenst /

•

UK / əˈɡenst /

preposition
In physical contact with, as for support; next to
In opposition to; disagreeing with

frequent

US / ˈfri:kwənt /

•

UK / ˈfrikwənt /

adjecitve
Happening often
verb
To go to a place regularly

friend

US / frend /

•

UK / frɛnd /

noun
Person who you like and enjoy being with

march

US / mɑ:tʃ /

•

UK / mɑ:rtʃ /

noun
Walk by a group of soldiers who walk in time
3rd month of the year
Music played for soldiers to walk in time to
Progress towards a future time or place
Public walk by a group to demand change
verb
To force someone to walk somewhere
(Soldiers) to walk in time with others
To walk as a group to demand some kind of change
To walk somewhere quickly often in an angry manner

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

sight

US / saɪt /

•

UK / saɪt /

noun
Things or people that one can see
Range or distance that someone can see
Famous places often visited by tourists
Sense that allows you to see
Act of seeing someone or something
verb
To aim (a gun) at something to get your range
To see something rare or unusual

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

apply

US / ə'plaɪ /

•

UK / əˈplaɪ /

verb
To spread a substance or liquid over a surface
To commit your time and effort to doing something
To make something useful in a certain situation
To be relevant for a situation
To ask formally for (job, permission etc.)

especially

US / ɪˈspeʃəli /

•

UK / ɛˈspɛʃəli, ɪˈspɛʃ- /

adverb
More than usual; extremely

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

life

US / laɪf /

•

UK / laɪf /

noun
All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
Period of time things live, from birth to death

nobody

US / ˈnəʊbədi /

•

UK / ˈnoʊbədi /

pronoun
No person; no one; not any person

plain

US / pleɪn /

•

UK / plen /

adjecitve
Obvious; clearly so, true
Very simple, ordinary; not decorated; not striped
noun
Wide open area of flat, dry land

medal

US / 'medl /

•

UK / ˈmɛdl /

noun
Metal award, often round, usually for courage

star

US / stɑ:(r) /

•

UK / stɑr /

noun
Very famous person, usually an entertainer
Someone who does something very well
Your horoscope
A bright planet of hot gas in the night sky
A 5-6 sided asterisk-shape
verb
To perform or play a main role in a movie, play
To do something very well
To mark with a 5-6 sided asterisk-shape

underground

US / ˈʌndəgraʊnd /

•

UK / ˈʌndərgraʊnd /

adjecitve
(Being or living) under the surface of the earth
noun
Secret group organized to overthrow a government
Subway system, e.g. in London

blue

US / blu: /

•

UK / blu /

adjecitve
Color of the clear sky
Feeling sad or down

award

US / ə'wɔ:d /

•

UK / əˈwɔrd /

noun
Prize given to you because you did something well
verb
To give a prize for doing something well

frighten

US / 'fraɪtn /

•

UK / ˈfraɪtn /

verb
To make someone afraid or nervous

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

pick

US / pɪk /

•

UK / pɪk /

noun
Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
Item selected from a group of choices
verb
To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
To decide on a thing from various choices; select
To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

member

US / ˈmembə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɛmbɚ /

noun
Part of the body of a human, animal
Person or thing belonging to a group or team

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

understand

US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

verb
To know the meaning of language, what someone says

brother

US / ˈbrʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbrʌðɚ /

noun
A boy or man who shares a parent with you

camp

US / kæmp /

•

UK / kæmp /

noun
A (military) base
Exaggerated behavior meant to be funny
Place where people live for a short time in tents
verb
To live temporarily, e.g. in a tent or a vehicle

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

enter

US / 'entə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɛntɚ /

verb
To start a career or an education
To become a competitor in a contest
To add or type information in a computer
To go into a room, building etc.

copy

US / ˈkɒpi /

•

UK / ˈkɑ:pi /

noun
A counter for items that are the same
Fake product pretending to be an original
An imitation of an original
A duplicate of a paper printed in a photocopier
Written text for printing, use in ads, etc.
verb
To make something look the same as the original
To act in the exact same way as someone else
To read and then write down what you read

forger

US / ˈfɔ:dʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɔ:rdʒə(r) /

noun
Someone who makes copies illegally

letterhead

US / ˈletəhed /

•

UK / ˈletərhed /

noun
Name and address printed at the top of a letter

perforation

US / ˌpɜ:fəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌpɜ:rfəˈreɪʃn /

noun
Hole made or passing through a thing

war

US / wɔ:(r) /

•

UK / wɔr /

noun
Situation where armies fight each other

watermark

US / ˈwɔːtəmɑːk /

•

UK / ˈwɔːtərmɑːrk /

noun
Distinguishing mark put on paper when it is made

tough

US / tʌf /

•

UK / tʌf /

adjecitve
(Of food) difficult to chew or bite through
Very difficult to do or deal with
Having strict standards
Being firm and not easily bent or broken
Being strong physically or mentally
Being difficult to persuade
Capable of violence

amaze

US / ə'meɪz /

•

UK / əˈmez /

verb
To cause wonder; to surprise completely

book

US / bʊk /

•

UK / bʊk /

noun
Thing made of pages with writing on that you read
verb
(Police) to officially record someone's crimes
To reserve (hotel room, etc.) in advance
To produce a red or yellow card to a soccer player

avoid

US / ə'vɔɪd /

•

UK / əˈvɔɪd /

verb
To prevent from happening
To stay away from

rubber

US / 'rʌbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈrʌbɚ /

noun
Material used to make tires, etc.

sew

US / səʊ /

•

UK / so /

verb
To make something using a needle and thread

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

collaborate

US / kəˈlæbəreɪt /

•

UK / kəˈlæbəˌret /

verb
To cooperate with or help an enemy
To work together to complete a task

final

US / ˈfaɪnl /

•

UK / ˈfaɪnəl /

adjecitve
That will not be changed; permanent
Being the last thing in a series
noun
Last game in a series in a competition

child

US / tʃaɪld /

•

UK / tʃaɪld /

noun
A very young person, between about 2 and 15

horrible

US / ˈhɒrəbl /

•

UK / ˈhɔrəbəl, ˈhɑr- /

adjecitve
Very bad; causing annoyance, distaste or fear

neutral

US / ˈnju:trəl /

•

UK / ˈnu:trəl /

adjecitve
Something with pH value of 7
Having no positive or negative electrical charge
Not supporting either side in a war, etc.
Not taking either side in a debate; not involved
noun
Color that is dull and not bright, such as gray
The rest position for gears in a car or vehicle
Person/country not supporting a side in a war, etc.

same

US / seɪm /

•

UK / sem /

adjecitve
Being equal in quality and amount
Identical; not different
Not changing; constant

save

US / seɪv /

•

UK / sev /

noun
Preventing a player in a game from scoring a goal
preposition
Except; not including
verb
To make your computer keep a file
To keep for future use
To make something unnecessary; prevent
To keep money so that you will have it later
To keep something for future use, such as money
To keep or rescue someone or something from harm
To prevent a player in a game from scoring a goal
To avoid the unnecessary waste of energy, etc.

sixteen

US / ˌsɪksˈti:n /

•

UK / sɪkˈstin /

number
16

somebody

US / 'sʌmbədɪ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌbɑdi, -ˌbʌdi, -bədi /

noun
Important well-respected person
pronoun
Person who is not known or named

adopt

US / əˈdɒpt /

•

UK / əˈdɑ:pt /

verb
To legally take a child into your family
To take on responsibility for something

girl

US / gɜ:l /

•

UK / gɜ:rl /

noun
A female child; a young woman

real

US / rɪəl /

•

UK / ˈriəl, ril /

adjecitve
Actually existing or happening, not imagined
Being important or special

attend

US / əˈtend /

•

UK / əˈtɛnd /

verb
To take care of someone in need
To listen or watch carefully; to concentrate
To be present at an event
To go to a place regularly

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

decide

US / dɪ'saɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

verb
To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
To make a legal judgment in court
to affect the result of something

effort

US / ˈefət /

•

UK / ˈɛfət /

noun
Amount of work used trying to do something

fifteen

US / ˌfɪfˈti:n /

•

UK / fɪfˈtin /

number
15

help

US / help /

•

UK / hɛlp /

noun
Something given to enable a person to do something
Assistance given to someone in need
Someone who makes something easier or possible
verb
To act to enable a person to do something; assist
To make something better or less difficult

german

US / ˈdʒɜːmən /

•

UK / ˈdʒɜːrmən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Germany
noun
Person from Germany

particular

US / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /

•

UK / pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ, pəˈtɪk- /

adjecitve
One specific (one)
Having firm ideas about what is desirable
Being special or more than is typical

pretend

US / prɪ'tend /

•

UK / prɪˈtɛnd /

verb
To act as if something is true when it is not

studio

US / 'stju:dɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈstudio, ˈstju- /

noun
Place for painting, broadcasting, etc.

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

hope

US / həʊp /

•

UK / hop /

noun
When you wish something will happen; what you wish
verb
To expect and want something to happen

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

miraculously

US / mɪ'rækjələslɪ /

•

UK / məˈrækjələslɪ /

adverb
In a wonderful and extraordinary manner

notre

US / ˈnoʊtrə /

•

UK / /

suicide

US / 'su:ɪsaɪd /

•

UK / ˈsuɪˌsaɪd /

noun
Act of purposely killing yourself
Act that ruins a person's career, status etc.

clean

US / kli:n /

•

UK / klin /

adjecitve
Not marked in any way; blank
Done according to the rules or standards; fair
Free from disease or sickness
Being free from dirt or marks; washed
Behaving well; not breaking any rules; legal
adverb
Completely; entirely
verb
To make free from dirt or marks; washed
To make neat and orderly e.g. a room
To remove the inner parts of an animal

front

US / frʌnt /

•

UK / frʌnt /

adjecitve
Opposite of back; the forward part of an object
noun
Behavior not showing a person's true feelings
Area where fighting in a war is happening
Place where air of different temperatures meets
verb
To have the forward part facing something
To lead a group of people, usually a band

join

US / dʒɔɪn /

•

UK / dʒɔɪn /

verb
To bring something close to another, to become one
To become a member of
To participate in an activity with others

release

US / rɪ'li:s /

•

UK / rɪ'li:s /

noun
Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
verb
To free someone from a responsibility or burden
To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
To let go of something you are holding

ten

US / ten /

•

UK / tɛn /

number
10

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

train

US / treɪn /

•

UK / tren /

noun
Line of people, animals moving the same direction
Vehicle that carries people and runs on rails
Long rear section of a (e.g. wedding) dress
Series of events happening one after another
verb
To teach a pet a behavior or a trick
To educate someone in something, e.g. medicine
To cause a plant to grow a certain way by cutting
To point a certain way or toward something
To practice to get better at a thing, e.g. sports

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

workstation

US / ˈwɜ:ksteɪʃn /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:rksteɪʃn /

noun
Desktop digital computer used for work

forge

US / fɔ:dʒ /

•

UK / fɔ:rdʒ /

noun
A furnace to melt and shape metals with heat
verb
To create something by hammering hot metal
To form something new, such a relationship
To make a false copy to deceive others

forty

US / 'fɔ:tɪ /

•

UK / ˈfɔrti /

number
40

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

nineteen

US / ˌnaɪnˈti:n /

•

UK / naɪnˈtin /

number
19

paint

US / peɪnt /

•

UK / pent /

noun
Colored liquid you apply with a brush
verb
To make a picture with colored liquids
To describe as
To apply a color, oil or sealant with a brush

name

US / neɪm /

•

UK / nem /

noun
What something or someone is called
verb
To state what someone is called, e.g. John

soldier

US / 'səʊldʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsoldʒɚ /

noun
Person working in an army to fight

deport

US / dɪ'pɔ:t /

•

UK / dɪˈpɔrt, -ˈport /

verb
To force a person to leave a country

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

secret

US / 'si:krət /

•

UK / 'si:krət /

adjecitve
That you don't want others to know; private
noun
Information you do not want others to know

meet

US / mi:t /

•

UK / mit /

noun
Sporting competition e.g. swimming
verb
To provide something that is necessary
To come together at a certain time or place

stack

US / stæk /

•

UK / stæk /

noun
A large number or amount of something
Large tube through which smoke exits a building
verb
To arrange cards in a certain order, to cheat
To put one thing on top of another, e.g. boxes

throughout

US / θru:ˈaʊt /

•

UK / θruˈaʊt /

adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over/across an entire place/thing; in every part

call

US / kɔ:l /

•

UK / kɔl /

noun
A order or request for action
The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
A short visit to a place or person
A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
verb
To make a request or order for action
(Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
To announce the date of an election
To make a judgment about something
To give someone or something a name
To guess in advance the result or outcome
To visit a place or person for a short time
To phone someone
To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

flag

US / flæɡ /

•

UK / flæɡ /

noun
Piece of cloth representing a team, country etc.
verb
To indicate something should get special attention
To work, run etc. more slowly or with less power

hide

US / haɪd /

•

UK / haɪd /

noun
The skin of an animal used for making leather
verb
To go to, or put a thing where it can't be found

leave

US / li:v /

•

UK / liv /

noun
Permission to do something
Vacation time; time off work
verb
To go away from; depart
To gift property to someone after you die
To allow something to continue happening
To let something remain unused or available
To let something or someone remain somewhere

stain

US / steɪn /

•

UK / sten /

noun
A mark or unwanted spot / thing
Liquid used to change the color of something
Something that causes someone shame or guilt
verb
To soil or leave a mark on something
To change the color of using a special substance

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

trick

US / trɪk /

•

UK / trɪk /

adjecitve
Not reliable; likely to deceive you
noun
Act of trying to fool someone
Quick or skillful way of doing something
Something done to make someone laugh
verb
To fool someone in order to obtain a result
To playfully tease or fool to make someone laugh

asleep

US / əˈsli:p /

•

UK / əˈslip /

adjecitve
In a state of sleep; sleeping

anything

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
A thing of any kind

along

US / əˈlɒŋ /

•

UK / əˈlɔ:ŋ /

adverb
As a companion; taken with someone
preposition
At a point on a line

cathedral

US / kəˈθi:drəl /

•

UK / kəˈθidrəl /

noun
Large impressive main church in a particular area

false

US / fɔ:ls /

•

UK / fɔ:ls /

adjecitve
Not real or genuine

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

US / ʃeə(r) /

•

UK / ʃɛr /

noun
Part-ownership in a property, business or company
Part of a company you own, shown by a certificate
verb
To divide something between two or more people
To allow others to use your things equally
To give information, etc. to someone

Subtitles section

Sixty Minutes Rewind.

It's well known the French government collaborated with the Nazis during World War II, helping send tens of thousands of Jews to their deaths.

What's less well known are the heroic efforts by members of underground resistance groups to save Jews in France.

Many of those who risked their lives are now gone, or have been reluctant to share their stories.

Tonight, you'll hear from ninety two year old Adolfo Kaminsky, who was a Jewish teenager when he joined the French Resistance.

He had a unique talent he'd picked up while working at a dry cleaners, an expertise that helped him become one of the greatest forgers in France during the war.

Incredibly, he and the resistance networks he worked with created fake identity documents that helped save the lives of as many as fourteen thousand Jewish men, women, and children.

June, one thousand forty Hitler smashed through the Western defenses and overran France.

Hitler's army entered Paris with a massive show of force.

German troops marched past the Arc de Triomphe and raised the Nazi war flag over a stunned city.

Hitler personally attended the surrender ceremony.

The Nazis took control of Paris and relied on French authorities and police to begin to identify Jews and round them up.

As part of Hitler's final solution, tens of thousands of Jews and others targeted by the Nazis in France were arrested and loaded onto trains bound for Auschwitz and other concentration camps.

French resistance networks tried to save as many Jews as possible, especially children, giving them fake identity papers and smuggling them across the border or hiding them in farms, schools and convents in France.

Adolfo Kaminski was just eighteen when he began to work as a forger for the resistance.

We had to move very quickly and help these people disappear before they were arrested.

So it was just racing against the clock, and actually I called it racing against death.

That's what you were doing?

Yes, day and night.

Kaminsky still has some of the fake documents he made.

Identity cards, passports, food ration cards, and birth and marriage certificates.

This is one that was fabricated.

This is one that was made for this person.

So this is your work?

That's all my work.

It's all false.

It's incredible.

Oh yes.

That's my writing.

Everything.

Jewish sounding names had to be replaced with more French sounding ones, and the word Jew had to be somehow erased.

Wow, look at that.

That's incredible.

What is that?

That is a real one.

That is a model we would use.

So this stamp, this word, Juif, what is the difference between life and death for some people?

Yes.

Having Jew stamped on anything meant you were in danger.

Two of the Jewish children who were saved by the resistance network Kaminsky worked for are Edith Mayer and Sarah Miller.

Edith was fifteen when she was forced into hiding after her father and brother were sent to Auschwitz.

What sort of documents did you need in order to be able to live?

Well, in France at the time, you were nothing if you didn't have ID.

So I had to have a birth certificate and I had to have a carte d'identité, an identity card.

She showed us a copy of the fake birth certificate that saved her life.

They gave you a new name.

They gave me a new name.

So instead of Edith Meillet, I became Elise Meillet, which sounds more French.

And my fake father was Jules Meillet, and my fake mother was Eliane Marie Chauvin.

It was critical that the papers be absolutely correct.

Absolutely.

If the forger made a mistake.

Made a mistake.

Yeah, you were done for.

Sarah Miller used her fake papers to get a job when she was sixteen, hiding in plain sight, working as a sales girl in a store frequented by Nazi troops.

You were interacting with German soldiers all the time at work.

I tried my best to speak as little as possible.

Obviously, if they had known you were Jewish.

Believe me, they would have come and picked me up and sent me to the camp.

That's for sure.

But they didn't know.

When was the last time you came back here?

Adolfo Kaminsky took us to the street where he ran his secret lab right under the nose of the Nazis.

It was located in a narrow attic room in the center of Paris, just blocks from the Cathedral of Notre Dame.

There, Kaminsky and three others used chemicals and other tools of the forging trade to create and alter documents, all the while avoiding detection by pretending they were artists.

The neighbors thought we were painters.

We had paintings on the walls and paintbrushes and all kinds of colors.

Using everyday items like this sewing machine he still has, he created perforations and stamps.

He salvaged metal from junk shops and used wood blocks and inks to create rubber stamps.

He also manufactured paper and reproduced watermarks, letterheads, and official signatures.

You can make the document and the signature, but also the stamp and even the raised watermark?

Oh, yes, of course.

And the pipe?

The pipe was to print with this.

So you would apply the ink, and you would put a piece of paper there, and then there you go.

And just do this.

It was perfect.

His secret lab would become one of the biggest suppliers of forged documents for Jews in France, producing, he says, as many as five hundred a week.

One of the people who worked with him is ninety three year old Susie Shidlaw.

We met her in a small town near Bordeaux where she has an art studio.

Was he a great forger?

He did.

incredible things.

He had a sort of genius, first to find very, very simple answers to problems, and also to learn things that other people learned years to learn it in a few days.

Shidloff was nineteen years old and a fine arts student when she joined the resistance with her sister Hertha.

She says they spent such long hours in the clandestine lab with Kaminsky that she often fell asleep at her workstation.

In the lab, what was your job?

Everything which has to do with drawing, with imitating handwriting.

She also drew stamps, or in many cases, partial stamps, because they looked more realistic.

Like somebody had just stamped quickly.

That sounds difficult.

No, it's art.

It's amazing when you think back to how young you all were and how brave.

I think it's much easier not to be afraid when you are very young.

They all knew the risks, but Shidloff says Kaminsky in particular was determined to take them.

It so fits with his character.

He could not stand people being oppressed and not being free, and false papers give you the freedom.

Nobody knew that better than Adolfo Kaminsky.

When he was at his family was arrested and sent here to Drancy, a concentration camp in the suburbs of Paris.

Miraculously, after three months, they were released.

Though they were Jewish, they had Argentinian citizenship.

And at the time, Argentina was neutral in the war.

But in Drancy, Adolfo witnessed countless others being put on trains and sent to Auschwitz.

For three months, every week, I saw a thousand people be deported.

It was horrible suffering.

When you saw people going onto trains, did you know what it meant?

Yes, we knew.

In fact, everyone knew deep down.

There were some people who didn't want to believe it, but everyone knew.

There was just a huge, unimaginable quantity of people murdered.

Were there German soldiers everywhere?

After being released from Drancy, Kaminsky's father decided the family should split up and adopt false identities.

He sent Adolfo to pick up their new papers from a member of the resistance.

That fateful meeting took place here in front of the Sorbonne University.

When the man from the resistance learned that Kaminsky had worked at a dry cleaners and knew how to remove stains, he got excited.

And he said, dry cleaner?

Do you know how to work with colors?

And do you know how to bleach ink?

And I said, yes.

The resistance had been desperately trying to figure out how to erase a permanent blue ink from official documents.

Kaminsky knew the chemical that could do the trick, lactic acid.

When you realized lactic acid could work to remove this blue ink, how important was that?

It was very important because that enabled us to use existing identity documents, existing papers that were real, and you could erase things from them without leaving any trace.

It was at that meeting that Adolfo Kaminsky decided to join the resistance.

When he asked you to join, you weren't frightened?

Afraid of what?

The risk was the same if you did nothing.

So at least working in the resistance, I could fight.

I was fighting for humanity.

The story will continue after this.

When you realize what he had done during World War II, what did you think?

I was amazed.

I didn't understand why he didn't want to talk about it.

Adolfo Kaminsky's daughter, Sarah, says she first heard about her father's heroic work when she was in high school.

But it took years before he could talk with her about the horrors of the occupation and the memories of trying to save people from being deported to concentration camps.

He still feels guilty.

That he survived and the others didn't?

Yes.

If I couldn't have saved so many people, I wouldn't have survived myself.

Most of my friends who were survivors ended up committing suicide.

It's just really tough.

So many people were treated like animals, with no respect.

It's just really hard to bear.

By saving others, you saved yourself.

Absolutely.

Sarah Kaminsky wrote a book about her father.

They share his story with high school students throughout France.

Do you feel like you know your father now?

I do.

Now, yes.

Yes, I do.

And you're proud of him?

I'm very proud of him.

Very.

I'm always asking myself what would I have done.

If you were in his shoes?

Yes.

I'm sure that I would not have had his courage.

There's not many people who would have.

Yeah, I'm sure of that.

What I like in the history is that a few people can make a difference in front of big armies.

So it gives a lot of hope, I think.

In all, seventy six thousand Jews in France were sent to death camps during the war.

Only about twenty five hundred of them survived.

You see, they put a star.

Edith Mayer and Sarah Miller, who went into hiding, eventually were smuggled into Switzerland.

To this day, they don't know if it was Adolfo Kaminsky or one of his colleagues who made their false papers.

What would you say to Adolfo Kaminsky or to the other forgers?

They have my eternal gratitude.

They saved your life?

Absolutely.

Without papers, you were as good as dead.

Absolutely, I agree with them.

They saved my life.

Kaminsky was awarded the Medal of the Resistance after the war, along with a stack of other medals.

But he doesn't like to display them.

He keeps them in a suitcase under his bed.

Wow, that's a big one.

Yes, Grenoble.

They say I saved, how many people was it?

Fifteen hundred?

Three thousand Jewish children?

You never take them out even to look at them?

No, you know, I've seen them.

They don't change.

Were you one of the best forgers?

Now I'm nobody.

But I think I was able to meet the challenge.

I did what I had to, when I had to.

And I was lucky to be able to do it.