Subtitles section
Repeat sentence
Subtitles mode
Full screen
Previous
Next
x 1.0
Playback speed
More

Bart Ehrman Exposes New Testament Errors

Video vocabulary

nazarene

Copy vocabulary

US / næzəˈriːn /

UK / ˈnæzərin /

A1
  • other
  • An early name for any Christian
  • An inhabitant of Nazareth
  • Of or relating to the Nazarenes or their religion
  • Of or relating to the town of Nazareth or its inhabitants

will

Copy vocabulary

US / wɪl /

UK / wɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Desire or choice of someone
  • Document saying who gets your money when you die
  • Strong desire to do something; determination
  • Desire to do something; strong wish to do
  • other
  • Used with verbs to express the future
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • Am (is, are) likely to do
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

surely

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈʃʊəli /

UK / ˈʃʊrli /

A1
  • adverb
  • With certainty; definitely

eat

Copy vocabulary

US / i:t /

UK / it /

A1
  • verb
  • To put food in your mouth

probably

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈprɒbəbli /

UK / ˈprɑbəbli /

A1
  • adverb
  • That is likely to happen or be true

day

Copy vocabulary

US / deɪ /

UK / de /

A1
  • noun
  • A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
  • The period of time when it is light outside
  • Person's name

explain

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪk'spleɪn /

UK / ɪkˈsplen /

A1
  • verb
  • To make clear or easy to understand by describing

metaphor

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈmetəfə(r) /

UK / ˈmɛtəˌfɔr, -fɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Imaginative use of words to reveal a similarity

sure

Copy vocabulary

US / ʃʊə(r) /

UK / ʃʊr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Having no doubts about something
  • Have confidence in your own words or actions
  • Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
  • Being correct or true
  • adverb
  • What you say to agree willingly

actually

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to add new (often different) information

christianity

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌkrɪstiˈænəti /

UK / ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti, ˌkrɪsti- /

B1
  • noun
  • Beliefs, practices based on teachings of Jesus

write

Copy vocabulary

US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • verb
  • To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
  • To invent or create a computer program
  • To create a song or piece of music

use

Copy vocabulary

US / ju:s /

UK / ju:s /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to employ something
  • Need to enable it to work
  • Permission to do something with something
  • Act of spending money
  • Operation of a machine for its function
  • verb
  • To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
  • To need to operate or work
  • To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
  • To treat a person badly
  • To do something with, for a task or purpose

army

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɑ:mɪ /

UK / ˈɑrmi /

A2
  • noun
  • Large group of soldiers organized to fight in wars

atheist

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈeɪθiɪst /

UK / ˈeθiɪst /

B2
  • noun
  • Person who does not believe in a god or gods

available

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈveɪləbl /

UK / əˈveləbəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Present and able to be used
  • Able to be used at a scheduled time

here

Copy vocabulary

US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • adverb
  • In this place; at this location, position or time

new

Copy vocabulary

US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

try

Copy vocabulary

US / traɪ /

UK / traɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
  • verb
  • To make an effort, to attempt to do something
  • To examine someone or something in a court of law
  • To test to see if it is good or you like it
  • To make a person go through hardship; test
  • To examine something to see if it works

consider

Copy vocabulary

US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

A1
  • verb
  • To think carefully about something

popular

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈpɒpjələ(r) /

UK / ˈpɑ:pjələ(r) /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Liked or enjoyed by many people

story

Copy vocabulary

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

A1
  • noun
  • One of many floors or levels in a building
  • Account or description of how something happened

all

Copy vocabulary

US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

seminary

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈsemɪnəri /

UK / ˈsemɪneri /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • A religious school for people in the church

minister

Copy vocabulary

US / 'mɪnɪstə(r) /

UK / ˈmɪnɪstɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • An official who heads a government department
  • Person who performs Christian services

who

Copy vocabulary

US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

between

Copy vocabulary

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

UK / bɪˈtwin /

A1
  • preposition
  • From one person, thing, or place, to another
  • In the space that separates two objects
  • Among two or more people who share something

they

Copy vocabulary

US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

very

Copy vocabulary

US / 'verɪ /

UK / ˈvɛri /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a large degree or amount
  • adverb
  • A lot; much; many
  • Used to stress or emphasize a noun

virgin

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈvɜ:dʒɪn /

UK / ˈvɚdʒɪn /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Never having had sexual intercourse
  • noun
  • Someone who did not do a thing before; first timer
  • Person who has never had sexual intercourse

clearly

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈklɪəlɪ /

UK / ˈklɪrlɪ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In a way that is easy to understand; obviously

oppose

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈpəʊz /

UK / əˈpoʊz /

A2
  • verb
  • To fight against someone in a contest or game

pretty

Copy vocabulary

US / 'prɪtɪ /

UK / ˈprɪti /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
  • adverb
  • Very; to a great degree

irrespective

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌɪrɪ'spektɪv /

UK / ˌɪrɪˈspɛktɪv /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • In spite of everything; ignoring drawbacks

link

Copy vocabulary

US / lɪŋk /

UK / lɪŋk /

A2
  • noun
  • Any one of the rings that are part of a chain
  • Connection between two or more things or people
  • Webpage item you click to go to another webpage
  • verb
  • To join or connect together

ordain

Copy vocabulary

US / ɔ:'deɪn /

UK / ɔrˈden /

C1
  • verb
  • To appoint as a priest of the church

take

Copy vocabulary

US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

succeed

Copy vocabulary

US / sək'si:d /

UK / səkˈsid /

A2
  • verb
  • To have achieved what you were trying to achieve
  • To take over position of one who has died or left
  • To come after or replace in a series

son

Copy vocabulary

US / sʌn /

UK / sʌn /

A1
  • noun
  • Male child; friendly way of addressing a boy

ago

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈgəʊ /

UK / əˈgoʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a specified length of time in the past

agree

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈgri: /

UK / əˈɡri /

A1
  • verb
  • To have the same opinion as someone else

figure

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈfiɡə /

UK / ˈfɪɡjɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Your body shape
  • Numbers in a calculation
  • Doll-like thing meant to represent a person
  • Picture or diagram giving information in a text
  • Person who is very important or famous
  • Shape of a person seen indistinctly or in outline
  • Amount that is expressed in numbers
  • verb
  • To appear in a game, play or event
  • To calculate how much something will cost
  • To understand after thinking; work out

move

Copy vocabulary

US / mu:v /

UK / muv /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
  • An action; doing something
  • Step taken to achieve a goal
  • verb
  • To cause someone to have certain emotions
  • To cause something to change to a different place
  • To change where people live or a business operates
  • To take action to do or achieve something

sound

Copy vocabulary

US / saʊnd /

UK / saʊnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sensible, dependable and reliable
  • Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
  • Firm or solid in structure
  • Sane; not mentally ill
  • Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
  • noun
  • Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
  • Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
  • verb
  • To seem or appear to be, from what was said
  • To say in a clear deliberate manner
  • To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

bethlehem

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈbeθlihem /

UK / ˈbɛθlɪˌhɛm, -liəm /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A small town 5 miles (8 km) south of Jerusalem, in the West Bank; population 43,100 (est. 2009). It
  • An industrial city in eastern Pennsylvania, on the Lehigh River; population 72,241 (est. 2008). It i

for

Copy vocabulary

US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

necessarily

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌnesəˈserəli /

UK / ˌnɛsɪˈsɛrəli, -ˈsɛr- /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a way that is needed/required/is unavoidable

time

Copy vocabulary

US / taɪm /

UK / taɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
  • Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
  • Occasion when something happens
  • Period or occasion that something occurred
  • Period in history or the past
  • Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
  • How long an event takes; duration
  • verb
  • To check speed at which music is performed
  • To choose a specific moment to do something
  • To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
  • To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

why

Copy vocabulary

US / waɪ /

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Question word to ask for a reason
  • exclamation
  • (Used to express surprise or approval)

destroy

Copy vocabulary

US / dɪ'strɔɪ /

UK / dɪˈstrɔɪ /

A2
  • verb
  • To damage so badly that something no longer exists
  • To defeat someone or something easily
  • To kill a sick or unwanted animal

greek

Copy vocabulary

US / gri:k /

UK / ɡrik /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning the culture and people of Greece
  • noun
  • Person from Greece

occur

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈkɜ:(r) /

UK / əˈkɚ /

A2
  • verb
  • To come to pass or to happen

stuff

Copy vocabulary

US / stʌf /

UK / stʌf /

A1
  • noun
  • Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • verb
  • To push material inside something, with force

misunderstand

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd /

UK / ˌmɪsʌndərˈstænd /

B1
  • verb
  • To fail to get the meaning correctly

fact

Copy vocabulary

US / fækt /

UK / fækt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that is known or proved to be true

under

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In the same place as another thing, but lower
  • adverb
  • In a lower quantity or price than expected
  • preposition
  • According to the terms of an agreement or law
  • Managed or controlled by the authority of
  • Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
  • Influenced or affected by something or someone
  • Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

difference

Copy vocabulary

US / 'dɪfrəns /

UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /

A1
  • noun
  • A thing or issue that people do not agree about
  • Not of the same kind; unlike other things

never

Copy vocabulary

US / 'nevə(r) /

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not ever; not at any time

hebrew

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈhi:bru: /

UK / ˈhibru /

C2
  • noun
  • Ancient Semitic language now spoken in Israel

shall

Copy vocabulary

US / ʃəl /

UK / ʃæl /

A2
  • other
  • Expressing the future tense, to expect to happen
  • (Used to say something is required or commanded)
  • (Used to make a suggestion or ask a question)

spirit

Copy vocabulary

US / 'spɪrɪt /

UK / ˈspɪrɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Person's strong determination or attitude
  • Unique qualities of person, place, or time
  • Part of a person thought to be moved by religion
  • Appearance or sense of a dead person
  • verb
  • To take someone away as if by magic

ask

Copy vocabulary

US / ɑ:sk /

UK / æsk /

A1
  • verb
  • To say to someone that you want something

grow

Copy vocabulary

US / ɡrəʊ /

UK / ɡro /

A1
  • verb
  • To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
  • To improve; to develop better skills over time
  • To develop and become bigger or taller over time

start

Copy vocabulary

US / stɑ:t /

UK / stɑrt /

A1
  • noun
  • First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
  • First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
  • Sudden action or movement because you are scared
  • other
  • Beginning of something in place or time
  • verb
  • To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
  • To turn something on

within

Copy vocabulary

US / wɪˈðɪn /

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

A1
  • adverb
  • Inside the limits of an area, time or range
  • preposition
  • From the inside of something

well

Copy vocabulary

US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

just

Copy vocabulary

US / dʒʌst /

UK / dʒʌst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
  • Doing or being what is right or fair
  • Legally correct; having enough evidence
  • adverb
  • Almost; nearly
  • Exactly at the time of
  • Exactly (the same as, like)

matthew

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈmæθjuː /

UK / ˈmæθju /

A1

line

Copy vocabulary

US / laɪn /

UK / laɪn /

A1
  • noun
  • Border that divides two places or regions
  • Long crease in the skin, often from age
  • Mark that is long, straight and very thin
  • Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
  • Telephone connection
  • People waiting one behind the other; queue
  • Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
  • verb
  • To put material along the inside of something

range

Copy vocabulary

US / reɪndʒ /

UK / rendʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • Cooking stove with multiple burners
  • Given distance from a point; how far plane can fly
  • Large grassy area where cattle wander and feed
  • Group or chain of mountains
  • Set of things with something in common
  • Limits within which something extends or varies
  • A set of products, e.g. so that people can choose
  • verb
  • To cover an area from one point to another
  • To extend to or vary within given limits
  • To put things in a row or in line
  • To wander or explore

purpose

Copy vocabulary

US / 'pɜ:pəs /

UK / ˈpɚpəs /

A2
  • noun
  • Reason for which something is done; aim; goal

talk

Copy vocabulary

US / tɔ:k /

UK / tɔk /

A1
  • noun
  • Style of speaking
  • Discussion between two countries
  • Giving information in front of people; lecture
  • Saying things or ideas to someone with words
  • verb
  • To make a formal speech about something
  • To say things or ideas to someone with words

scripture

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈskrɪptʃə(r) /

UK / ˈskrɪptʃɚ /

B2
  • noun
  • Holy books of a particular religion

modern

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈmɔdən /

UK / ˈmɑdən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Of the present time; up to date; contemporary

gospel

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈgɒspl /

UK / ˈgɑ:spl /

B1
  • noun
  • Book of the New Testament in Christian teaching

get

Copy vocabulary

US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

sex

Copy vocabulary

US / seks /

UK / sɛks /

A2
  • noun
  • State of being male or female
  • Physical activity by which we produce babies

about

Copy vocabulary

US / ə'baʊt /

UK / əˈbaʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • To be ready to; going to
  • Nearly; approximately; roughly
  • Near; next to; close to
  • In every direction; in the area of
  • preposition
  • Concerning or of (a topic)

again

Copy vocabulary

US / ə'ɡen /

UK / əˈɡɛn /

A1
  • adverb
  • One more time, once more

continually

Copy vocabulary

US / kən'tɪnjʊəlɪ /

UK / kənˈtɪnjʊəlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • Constantly; all the time

even

Copy vocabulary

US / 'i:vn /

UK / ˈivən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
  • Being divided equally or fairly
  • (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
  • Smooth, level, or regular
  • Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
  • At a regular, equally steady manner
  • Remaining steady and unchanging
  • adverb
  • (When this is surprising) as well; too
  • (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
  • verb
  • To make something level; to flatten
  • To make something equal

like

Copy vocabulary

US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

Copy vocabulary

US / 'pi:pl /

UK / ˈpipəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • Men, Women, Children

that

Copy vocabulary

US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

threat

Copy vocabulary

US / θret /

UK / θrɛt /

A2
  • noun
  • Warning of probable trouble
  • A warning that you may be harmed

what

Copy vocabulary

US / wɒt /

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Thing or things that; the same kind as
  • Used to emphasize something you are about to say
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
  • Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
  • adverb
  • To a certain degree
  • determiner
  • Question words used for asking for information
  • exclamation
  • Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
  • Used to ask people to repeat something they said

interesting

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈɪntrəstɪŋ /

UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ, -tərɪstɪŋ, -təˌrɛstɪŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Taking your attention; making you want to know
  • verb
  • To make someone want to know about something
  • To persuade to do, become involved with something

political

Copy vocabulary

US / pəˈlɪtɪkl /

UK / pəˈlɪtɪkəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being active or interested in government matters
  • Diplomatic
  • Of the system of elections and government
  • Concerning government or public affairs
  • Involved in getting of power/influence in a group

tell

Copy vocabulary

US / tel /

UK / tɛl /

A1
  • verb
  • To (strongly) advise a person to do something
  • To be able to guess
  • To say or communicate information to someone
  • To inform, but without speaking; indicate
  • To have a negative effect on someone
  • To order someone to do something; command
  • To recognize something based on certain signs
  • To report something to an authority
  • To explain something or teach someone something

birth

Copy vocabulary

US / bɜ:θ /

UK / bɜ:rθ /

A2
  • noun
  • Time when a baby or young animal is born
  • Beginning of something
  • Social position based on the family you come from

city

Copy vocabulary

US / 'sɪtɪ /

UK / ˈsɪti /

A1
  • noun
  • Area with many buildings, roads and people

fundamentalist

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌfʌndə'mentəlɪst /

UK / ˌfʌndə'mentəlɪst /

C2
  • noun
  • Supporter of fundamentalism

fight

Copy vocabulary

US / faɪt /

UK / faɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • An argument or quarrel
  • Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
  • A struggle to do a difficult task
  • verb
  • To argue or quarrel with someone about something
  • To try to hurt someone by hitting them
  • To struggle to do a difficult task

inspire

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪn'spaɪə(r) /

UK / ɪnˈspaɪr /

B1
  • verb
  • To give someone an idea to do or make something
  • To make someone feel a certain emotion

example

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪgˈzɑ:mpl /

UK / ɪɡˈzæmpəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Thing, person which represents a category

happen

Copy vocabulary

US / 'hæpən /

UK / ˈhæpən /

A1
  • verb
  • To take place or occur

prominent

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈprɒmɪnənt /

UK / ˈprɑmənənt /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being important or well known
  • Being easily noticeable
  • Sticking out beyond something

yeah

Copy vocabulary

US / jeə /

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

A1
  • exclamation
  • Another way of saying 'yes'

place

Copy vocabulary

US / pleɪs /

UK / ples /

A1
  • noun
  • Particular location, area or region
  • verb
  • To put someone in a particular type of situation
  • To put something in a certain location or position

own

Copy vocabulary

US / əʊn /

UK / on /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Belong to oneself
  • determiner
  • Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
  • pronoun
  • (Something) belong to myself
  • verb
  • To have something as your property

case

Copy vocabulary

US / keɪs /

UK / kes /

A1
  • noun
  • Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
  • Set of facts about a crime
  • Set of facts about an event
  • Example or instance of something
  • verb
  • To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

find

Copy vocabulary

US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

listener

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈlɪsənə(r) /

UK / ˈlɪsənər /

A1
  • noun
  • Someone who listens

enough

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪˈnʌf /

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sufficient to answer the need
  • adverb
  • To a satisfactory degree
  • pronoun
  • Equal to what is needed; as much as required
  • Adequate number or amount

mean

Copy vocabulary

US / mi:n /

UK / min /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good at
  • Nasty; unkind
  • Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
  • noun
  • Average of a set of numbers
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular meaning or value

watch

Copy vocabulary

US / wɒtʃ /

UK / wɑtʃ /

A1
  • noun
  • Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
  • Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
  • Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
  • verb
  • To keep in check, manage, or control something
  • To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
  • To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
  • To look at carefully to work out what is happening
  • To protect and care for someone or something

anymore

Copy vocabulary

US / 'enɪmɔ: /

UK / ˌɛniˈmɔr, -ˈmor /

A2
  • adverb
  • No longer; no more

christian

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈkrɪstʃən /

UK / ˈkrɪstʃən /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Based on the teachings of Jesus
  • noun
  • Person believing in the teachings of Jesus Christ

essentially

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪˈsenʃəli /

UK / ɪˈsenʃəli /

A2
  • adverb
  • Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)

least

Copy vocabulary

US / li:st /

UK / list /

A1
  • adverb
  • In the smallest or lowest way
  • noun
  • Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

right

Copy vocabulary

US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Correct or true
  • The south side of you looking at the rising sun
  • adverb
  • Exactly in a place or time
  • Being appropriate for a particular event
  • In a straight or direct manner
  • noun
  • Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
  • Ideal of what is just and good
  • Political view based on conservatism
  • verb
  • To fix something previously wrong or unjust
  • To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

she

Copy vocabulary

US / ʃɪ /

UK / ʃi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Female person or animal mentioned before
  • (Refers to female person mentioned before)

thirty

Copy vocabulary

US / 'θɜ:tɪ /

UK / ˈθə:ti /

A1
  • number
  • 30

conversation

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn /

UK / ˌkɑnvɚˈseʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Talking with other people; discussion or chat

full

Copy vocabulary

US / fʊl /

UK / fʊl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Containing all the parts; complete
  • Containing or holding as much as possible
  • Having had enough food
  • adverb
  • In a direct manner; completely

history

Copy vocabulary

US / 'hɪstrɪ /

UK / ˈhɪstəri /

A2
  • noun
  • Established pattern or record
  • Study of past events as an academic subject

hear

Copy vocabulary

US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
  • To be told or find out information or facts
  • To consider or listen to a court case

bear

Copy vocabulary

US / bɛː /

UK / bɛr /

A2
  • noun
  • Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
  • Someone who expects stock market to fall
  • verb
  • To accept (responsibilities or duties)
  • To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
  • To accept or suffer the weight of difficulties
  • To keep moving left or right while going forward
  • To show (sign of something)
  • To support the weight of something, e.g. a bridge

clear

Copy vocabulary

US / klɪə(r) /

UK / klɪr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Empty; without anything in it or on it
  • Being certain and without doubt
  • Being without any streaks, spots, or cracks
  • Easy to understand; well-explained; obvious
  • adverb
  • Completely; entirely; through the whole of
  • Away from; free from
  • verb
  • To recover from or remove a problem
  • To get rid of the entire contents of
  • To give permission for something to happen
  • To make a place or surface empty by removing
  • To prove that someone is not guilty or to blame

holy

Copy vocabulary

US / 'həʊlɪ /

UK / ˈholi /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good according to religious standards

next

Copy vocabulary

US / nekst /

UK / nɛkst /

A1
  • adverb
  • The one that follows another in time or order
  • At a time or place directly after the present one
  • noun
  • The one that follows after
  • adjecitve
  • Immediately after the previous one
  • First occurrence after the present one

problem

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈprɒbləm /

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Causing trouble
  • noun
  • Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
  • Question to show understanding of a math concept

mind

Copy vocabulary

US / maɪnd /

UK / maɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • One's opinion or way of thinking about something
  • Part of humans that allows us to think or feel
  • verb
  • To be bothered or upset by something
  • To take care of someone e.g. as a bodyguard

boy

Copy vocabulary

US / bɔɪ /

UK / bɔɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • A young male person

see

Copy vocabulary

US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

serve

Copy vocabulary

US / sɜ:v /

UK / sɚv /

A2
  • verb
  • To act in a particular position or office
  • To hit the first ball to an opponent in tennis etc.
  • To be used for a particular purpose
  • To give someone food or drinks
  • To give a person or group a service that is needed
  • To spend a particular amount of time in prison
  • To help customers find products and making sales
  • To give an official paper to appear in court

pregnant

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈpregnənt /

UK / ˈprɛɡnənt /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Carrying your unborn baby inside you

chapter

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈtʃæptə(r) /

UK / ˈtʃæptɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Small local group forming part of a larger one
  • One of the main sections of a book
  • Period or time in your life, e.g. your childhood

exist

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪɡ'zɪst /

UK / ɪɡˈzɪst /

A1
  • verb
  • To be present, alive or real

evil

Copy vocabulary

US / 'i:vl /

UK / ˈivəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Morally bad; causing harm to people
  • noun
  • Act considered morally bad
  • Value, condition, or conduct that causes suffering

his

Copy vocabulary

US / hɪz /

UK / hɪz /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Something belonging to a male person

instance

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɪnstəns /

UK / ˈɪnstəns /

A2
  • noun
  • An example of something; case
  • verb
  • To give as an example of something else

overshadow

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌəʊvəˈʃædəʊ /

UK / ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊ /

B2
  • verb
  • To be more important or significant by comparison

with

Copy vocabulary

US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

upon

Copy vocabulary

US / əˈpɔn, əpən /

UK / əˈpɑn, əˈpɔn /

A1
  • preposition
  • More formal term for 'on'

via

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈvaɪə /

UK / ˈvaɪə, ˈviə /

B1
  • preposition
  • By the means of using something
  • By going through, by way of

away

Copy vocabulary

US / ə'weɪ /

UK / əˈwe /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not present
  • adverb
  • Disappear completely
  • Doing something with a lot of energy
  • Not here; far from here; in a different direction
  • To a different area, location

writer

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈraɪtə(r) /

UK / ˈraɪtɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Professional who writes books, articles etc.

young

Copy vocabulary

US / jʌŋ /

UK / jʌŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • At an early stage of existence; not mature
  • Being recently created or started
  • noun
  • Babies in a group or family of animals

allegedly

Copy vocabulary

US / ə'ledʒɪdlɪ /

UK / ə'ledʒɪdlɪ /

B2
  • adverb
  • According to what has been alleged

before

Copy vocabulary

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time earlier than the present; previously
  • conjunction
  • In advance of something happening
  • preposition
  • In front of someone or something

century

Copy vocabulary

US / 'sentʃərɪ /

UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /

A1
  • noun
  • Period of 100 years

have

Copy vocabulary

US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

part

Copy vocabulary

US / pɑ:t /

UK / pɑ:rt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To some degree; half; not fully
  • noun
  • Division of a book
  • Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
  • A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
  • Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
  • Some, but not all of a specific thing
  • Role in causing something to happen
  • verb
  • To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
  • To move two things apart creating a space
  • To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

prophet

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈprɒfɪt /

UK / ˈprɑ:fɪt /

B2
  • noun
  • Someone who predicts the future
  • Religious person who foretells the will of God

know

Copy vocabulary

US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

moment

Copy vocabulary

US / 'məʊmənt /

UK / 'moʊmənt /

A1
  • noun
  • Very short or brief period of time
  • A particular period in time

whey

Copy vocabulary

US / weɪ /

UK / weɪ /

C2
  • noun
  • Watery part of milk left after it has gone sour

let

Copy vocabulary

US / let /

UK / lɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To allow someone to do something
  • Introducing a suggestion to do something together
  • To rent a house, etc. to others

might

Copy vocabulary

US / maɪt /

UK / maɪt /

A1
  • other
  • Used to politely request an action
  • Used to express that something could happen
  • Power, strength, force or influence

the

Copy vocabulary

US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

successor

Copy vocabulary

US / səkˈsesə(r) /

UK / səkˈsɛsɚ /

B2
  • noun
  • Person who takes over the position of another

throne

Copy vocabulary

US / θrəʊn /

UK / θron /

B1
  • noun
  • Special elaborate chair on which king/queen sits

emmanuel

Copy vocabulary

US / /

UK / /

A1
  • proper noun
  • The name given to Christ as the deliverer of Judah prophesied by Isaiah (Isa. 7:14, 8:8; Matt. 1:23)

purposefully

Copy vocabulary

US / 'pɜ:pəsfəlɪ /

UK / 'pɜ:pəsfəlɪ /

B1
  • adverb
  • In a determined manner

verse

Copy vocabulary

US / vɜ:s /

UK / vɚs /

B1
  • noun
  • Writing with words that rhyme or are rhythmic
  • A section of writing, e.g. from the Bible
  • Section of a poem or song

isaiah

Copy vocabulary

US / aiˈzaiə /

UK / aɪˈzeə, aɪˈzaɪə /

A1
  • other
  • (Old Testament) The first of the major Hebrew prophets (th century BC)
  • An Old Testament book consisting of Isaiah's prophecies

make

Copy vocabulary

US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

verbatim

Copy vocabulary

US / vɜ:'beɪtɪm /

UK / vɚˈbetɪm /

C1
  • adverb
  • In the exact same words; word-for-word

alma

Copy vocabulary

US / ælmə /

UK / ˈælmə /

A1

also

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

critical

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈkrɪtɪkl /

UK / ˈkrɪtɪkəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Making a negative judgment of something
  • Being important or serious; vital; dangerous
  • Most important part

five

Copy vocabulary

US / faɪv /

UK / faɪv /

A1
  • number
  • 5

identify

Copy vocabulary

US / aɪ'dentɪfaɪ /

UK / aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ /

B1
  • verb
  • To indicate who or what someone or something is

how

Copy vocabulary

US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

kind

Copy vocabulary

US / kaɪnd /

UK / kaɪnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In a caring and helpful manner
  • friendly and considerate
  • noun
  • One type of thing

woman

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈwʊmən /

UK / ˈwʊmən /

A1
  • noun
  • Adult female human being

you

Copy vocabulary

US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

passage

Copy vocabulary

US / 'pæsɪdʒ /

UK / ˈpæsɪdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • Process of moving through time
  • Journey by ship from one place to another
  • Narrow opening which things can go through

fruit

Copy vocabulary

US / fru:t /

UK / frut /

A1
  • noun
  • Result or product of something
  • Food that grows on a tree or bush, usually sweet
  • verb
  • To grow e.g. apples, bananas, as a plant or a tree

may

Copy vocabulary

US / meɪ /

UK / me /

A1
  • noun
  • 5th month of the year
  • other
  • Used to express a desire
  • Expresses permission, possibility or probability
  • Used to show that a thing could be true

this

Copy vocabulary

US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

word

Copy vocabulary

US / wɜ:d /

UK / wɚd /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of language that has a meaning
  • Promise
  • Short remark or piece of information
  • verb
  • To express something by choosing particular words

into

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɪntə /

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1
  • preposition
  • Moving or going inside something
  • In the same direction as; in the direction of
  • So as to become; taking the state of

invent

Copy vocabulary

US / ɪnˈvent /

UK / ɪnˈvɛnt /

A2
  • verb
  • To create something such as a story or excuse
  • To create something useful for the first time

nazareth

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈnæzəriθ /

UK / ˈnæzərəθ /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A historic town in lower Galilee, in present-day northern Israel; population 66,400 (est. 2008). Men

other

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

UK / ˈʌðər /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A thing different from that mentioned
  • determiner
  • (Something) else; not the first (one)
  • pronoun
  • Being the one and only thing of that category

famous

Copy vocabulary

US / 'feɪməs /

UK / ˈfeməs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Excellent
  • Widely known; recognized by many people

prophecy

Copy vocabulary

US / 'prɒfəsɪ /

UK / ˈprɑfɪsi /

B2
  • noun
  • Statement that something will happen in the future

quote

Copy vocabulary

US / kwəʊt /

UK / kwot /

A2
  • noun
  • Written statement of the cost of something
  • The (often wise or famous) words of another person
  • verb
  • To tell someone how much a task will cost
  • To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

one

Copy vocabulary

US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn /

A1
  • pronoun
  • You; we; people in general; someone
  • The thing or person previously referred to
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to people generally
  • Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
  • number
  • Number 1

root

Copy vocabulary

US / ru:t /

UK / rut, rʊt /

A2
  • noun
  • Emotional connection with a place, history etc.
  • The origin or starting place of something
  • A number that is multiplied by itself
  • Part of plant growing underground, as to get water
  • Part of tooth, hair etc. from which the rest grows
  • Base part of a word to which affixes can be added
  • verb
  • To cause a plant to develop or grow roots
  • (Animals) to search for e.g. food in earth
  • To stop someone moving, as through fear

power

Copy vocabulary

US / 'paʊə(r) /

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal or official right to perform certain actions
  • Ability to move forcefully and quickly
  • Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
  • Mathematical way to multiply a number
  • Condition of being in political control
  • Physical force, energy, and strength
  • verb
  • To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
  • To move something forcefully and quickly

scholar

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈskɒlə(r) /

UK / ˈskɑ:lə(r) /

B1
  • noun
  • Educated person who attends or attended school
  • An academic in a certain field
  • Person who has been given a scholarship

versus

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈvə:səs /

UK / ˈvɚsəs, -səz /

A2
  • preposition
  • Used to show that two things are competing

annunciation

Copy vocabulary

US / əˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn /

UK / əˌnʌnsiˈeʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • When Mary is told that she will be Christ's mother

come

Copy vocabulary

US / kʌm /

UK / kʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To arrive at a place
  • (Of mail) to be delivered
  • To move toward someone; go with someone
  • To reach a certain point or state

any

Copy vocabulary

US / 'enɪ /

UK / ˈɛni /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One, or some, no matter which
  • pronoun
  • One (thing) of many; some

particular

Copy vocabulary

US / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /

UK / pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ, pəˈtɪk- /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • One specific (one)
  • Having firm ideas about what is desirable
  • Being special or more than is typical

think

Copy vocabulary

US / θɪŋk /

UK / θɪŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To have an idea about something without certainty
  • To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

bible

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈbaɪbl /

UK / ˈbaɪbl /

B1
  • noun
  • Book of collected Christian writings

anything

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

A1
  • pronoun
  • A thing of any kind

from

Copy vocabulary

US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

out

Copy vocabulary

US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

tense

Copy vocabulary

US / tens /

UK / tɛns /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Unable to relax; feeling nervous or stressed
  • Stretched tight and stiff
  • noun
  • The use of grammar to state the time things happen
  • verb
  • To tighten the muscles, a rope, etc.

clip

Copy vocabulary

US / klɪp /

UK / klɪp /

B1
  • noun
  • A metal holder used for keeping things together
  • Brief part of a television show or movie
  • verb
  • To attach things together using a metal pin
  • To cut a small section or piece out from something
  • To hit something briefly at an angle

call

Copy vocabulary

US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

where

Copy vocabulary

US / hwɛə /

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1
  • conjunction
  • At or in the place which
  • In whatever place
  • pronoun
  • Word you use to ask the location of something

tree

Copy vocabulary

US / tri: /

UK / tri /

A1
  • noun
  • Tall green plants in a forest

gabriel

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈɡeibriəl /

UK / ˈɡebriəl /

A1
  • noun
  • (Bible) The archangel who was the messenger of God

nine

Copy vocabulary

US / naɪn /

UK / naɪn /

A1
  • number
  • 9

only

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

two

Copy vocabulary

US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • number
  • 2

and

Copy vocabulary

US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

lot

Copy vocabulary

US / lɒt /

UK / lɑt /

A1
  • noun
  • What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • A group of people seen together
  • Item for sale at an auction
  • Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

messianic

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌmesiˈænɪk /

UK / ˌmesiˈænɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Trying to convert you to their way, with fervor

agnostic

Copy vocabulary

US / ægˈnɒstɪk /

UK / æɡˈnɑstɪk /

C1
  • adjecitve
  • Being undecided about the existence of God
  • noun
  • Person who is undecided about the existence of God

curd

Copy vocabulary

US / kɜːd /

UK / kɜːrd /

C1
  • noun
  • Solid substance forming in milk when it sours

lie

Copy vocabulary

US / laɪ /

UK / lai /

A2
  • noun
  • An untrue statement, when you know it is not true
  • verb
  • To be in a horizontal or flat position
  • To say something that you know is not true

name

Copy vocabulary

US / neɪm /

UK / nem /

A1
  • noun
  • What something or someone is called
  • verb
  • To state what someone is called, e.g. John

mess

Copy vocabulary

US / mes /

UK / mɛs /

A2
  • noun
  • Something that is untidy, dirty or unclean
  • verb
  • To make something untidy or dirty

mistranslation

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌmɪstrænsˈleɪʃən /

UK / ˌmɪstrænsˈleʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • An incorrect translation

something

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

version

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈvə:ʃən /

UK / ˈvɚʒən, -ʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Different way that someone interprets something
  • New or different form of something
  • An updated form of some software

issue

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɪʃu: /

UK / ˈɪʃu /

A2
  • noun
  • Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
  • Single edition of a magazine
  • verb
  • To make something available to be used or sold
  • To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

princeton

Copy vocabulary

US / 'prɪnstən /

UK / 'prɪnstən /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A historic borough in west central New Jersey, home to Princeton University; population 17,438 (est.

misinterpret

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜ:prɪt /

UK / ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜ:rprɪt /

B1
  • verb
  • To make an error when trying to understand

most

Copy vocabulary

US / məʊst /

UK / most /

A1
  • adverb
  • Very; extremely
  • Greatest possible degree
  • pronoun
  • Nearly all of something

screen

Copy vocabulary

US / skri:n /

UK / skrin /

A2
  • noun
  • Wire net in a door or window to keep insects out
  • Displays in a theater on which movies are shown
  • Flat surface on a computer or TV showing images
  • verb
  • To hide or block something from being seen
  • To examine to find something, e.g. best candidate

throughout

Copy vocabulary

US / θru:ˈaʊt /

UK / θruˈaʊt /

A2
  • adverb
  • From the beginning of something until the end
  • preposition
  • Over/across an entire place/thing; in every part

can

Copy vocabulary

US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

whether

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈweðə(r) /

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

A1
  • conjunction
  • If something will happen or not

book

Copy vocabulary

US / bʊk /

UK / bʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Thing made of pages with writing on that you read
  • verb
  • (Police) to officially record someone's crimes
  • To reserve (hotel room, etc.) in advance
  • To produce a red or yellow card to a soccer player

siege

Copy vocabulary

US / si:dʒ /

UK / sidʒ /

C2
  • noun
  • Surrounding an enemy to prevent them getting food

seven

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈsevn /

UK / ˈsɛvən /

A1
  • number
  • Number 7

testament

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈtestəmənt /

UK / ˈtɛstəmənt /

B1
  • noun
  • Evidence or proof (usually of something good)

translation

Copy vocabulary

US / trænsˈleɪʃn /

UK / trænsˈleʃən, trænz- /

A2
  • noun
  • changing text from one language to another; the process of changing something into a different form

child

Copy vocabulary

US / tʃaɪld /

UK / tʃaɪld /

A1
  • noun
  • A very young person, between about 2 and 15

explanation

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌekspləˈneɪʃn /

UK / ˌɛkspləˈneʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Details or reasons given to make something clear

restate

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌri:ˈsteɪt /

UK / riˈstet /

C1
  • verb
  • To repeat differently to ensure understanding

subscribe

Copy vocabulary

US / səb'skraɪb /

UK / səbˈskraɪb /

B1
  • verb
  • To regularly pay to receive a service

somebody

Copy vocabulary

US / 'sʌmbədɪ /

UK / ˈsʌmˌbɑdi, -ˌbʌdi, -bədi /

A1
  • noun
  • Important well-respected person
  • pronoun
  • Person who is not known or named

but

Copy vocabulary

US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

good

Copy vocabulary

US / ɡʊd /

UK / ɡʊd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper, appropriate or right
  • (Of an amount) enough; plenty
  • Excellent; high quality
  • Acting well or properly; of moral character
  • In a positive or happy emotional state
  • noun
  • Advantage or benefit

give

Copy vocabulary

US / ɡɪv /

UK / ɡɪv /

A1
  • noun
  • Degree of flexibility in something, a material
  • verb
  • To hand over or present something to someone
  • To cause someone to have or experience something

fellow

Copy vocabulary

US / 'feləʊ /

UK / ˈfɛlo /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being of the same kind
  • noun
  • Man or a boy
  • Student paid to study and teach after college

nobody

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈnəʊbədi /

UK / ˈnoʊbədi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • No person; no one; not any person

technically

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈteknɪkli /

UK / ˈtɛknɪkl:ɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • In an exact and particular manner

translational

Copy vocabulary

US / træns'leɪʃnəl /

UK / træns'leɪʃnəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning converting between languages

deal

Copy vocabulary

US / di:l /

UK / dil /

A1
  • verb
  • To cope with something - usually troubles
  • To give (something bad e.g. news) to
  • To buy and sell illegal drugs
  • To give out (cards, etc.) to; distribute
  • To do business with someone or to sell products

really

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈri:əli /

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to stress something that is said; definitely
  • In a true or accurate manner
  • Very

study

Copy vocabulary

US / 'stʌdɪ /

UK / ˈstʌdi /

A1
  • noun
  • Room that a person studies or reads in
  • Piece of research
  • Topic or subject you research or learn about
  • verb
  • To focus on learning something usually at school

would

Copy vocabulary

US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

historical

Copy vocabulary

US / /

UK / /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Connected with the past

judah

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈdʒu:də /

UK / ˈdʒudə /

A1
  • proper noun
  • (in the Bible) a Hebrew patriarch, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah.
  • The southern part of ancient Palestine, occupied by the tribe of Judah. After the reign of Solomon (

our

Copy vocabulary

US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to us

not

Copy vocabulary

US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

quite

Copy vocabulary

US / kwaɪt /

UK / kwaɪt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not very; fairly
  • Very; In a complete or total manner

whole

Copy vocabulary

US / həul /

UK / hol /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Complete or full; all of
  • Being in a good condition
  • noun
  • Complete amount or sum; total

king

Copy vocabulary

US / kɪŋ /

UK / kɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Person considered the best or top at something
  • Playing card with the image of a king on it
  • Key piece in the game of chess
  • Royal male ruler of a country
  • Person's name

war

Copy vocabulary

US / wɔ:(r) /

UK / wɔr /

A2
  • noun
  • Situation where armies fight each other

himself

Copy vocabulary

US / hɪmˈself /

UK / hɪmˈsɛlf /

A1
  • pronoun
  • The same (male) person who did the action

fairly

Copy vocabulary

US / 'feəlɪ /

UK / ˈfɛrli /

A2
  • adverb
  • Quite; pretty; between very and a little
  • In a manner that is right and acceptable

reason

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ri:zn /

UK / ˈrizən /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
  • Explanation for why something occurred or was done
  • verb
  • To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

jesus

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈdʒi:zəs /

UK / ˈdʒizəs /

A1
  • exclamation
  • An oath used to express irritation, dismay, or surprise.
  • proper noun
  • The central figure of the Christian religion. Jesus conducted a mission of preaching and healing (wi

sort

Copy vocabulary

US / sɔ:t /

UK / sɔrt /

A1
  • noun
  • Group or class of similar things or people
  • verb
  • To organize things by putting them into groups
  • To deal with things in an organized way

always

Copy vocabulary

US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /

UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /

A1
  • adverb
  • For a very long time
  • At all times; in every situation
  • For ever

appear

Copy vocabulary

US / ə'pɪə(r) /

UK / əˈpɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To be seen, become visible; come into sight
  • To seem to be
  • To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media

lay

Copy vocabulary

US / leɪ /

UK / le /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Amateur; not being a trained priest
  • verb
  • To place a bet on a game outcome
  • (Of a bird, etc.) to produce eggs from its body
  • To put or set something down in a flat position
  • To set out things on (table) to prepare for a meal

their

Copy vocabulary

US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

way

Copy vocabulary

US / weɪ /

UK / we /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to emphasize the amount of something
  • noun
  • Particular aspect of something being thought about
  • One of various choices that could be made
  • Particular existing condition or state
  • (Often long) distance or length of time
  • How something is done
  • Route to go to a place
  • Small street
  • Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

yes

Copy vocabulary

US / jes /

UK / jɛs /

A1
  • adverb
  • Way to say you agree or will do something

bit

Copy vocabulary

US / bɪt /

UK / bɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
  • Small piece of something
  • verb
  • (E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

conceive

Copy vocabulary

US / kənˈsi:v /

UK / kənˈsiv /

B1
  • verb
  • To become pregnant
  • To think of, create new (ideas, thought, plans)
  • To understand

general

Copy vocabulary

US / 'dʒenrəl /

UK / ˈdʒɛnərəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Widespread, normal or usual
  • noun
  • Top ranked officer in the army

look

Copy vocabulary

US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

messiah

Copy vocabulary

US / mə'saɪə /

UK / məˈsaɪə /

B2
  • noun
  • Expected king and savior of the Jewish people

thank

Copy vocabulary

US / θæŋk /

UK / θæŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To tell someone you are grateful to them

theological

Copy vocabulary

US / ˌθi:ə'lɒdʒɪkl /

UK / ˌθiəˈlɑdʒɪkəl /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Of the study of religion

divine

Copy vocabulary

US / dɪ'vaɪn /

UK / dɪˈvaɪn /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning or coming from God or a god
  • Being very good or wonderful
  • verb
  • To predict through feeling and without reason

old

Copy vocabulary

US / əʊld /

UK / old /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Having existed for a long time, not young or new
  • Age of a person since birth

both

Copy vocabulary

US / bəuθ /

UK / boθ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time
  • pronoun
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time

show

Copy vocabulary

US / ʃəʊ /

UK / ʃo /

A1
  • noun
  • False display of love, emotion or action
  • An event for displaying or promoting goods
  • Play, opera or theater production
  • Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
  • verb
  • To be easily seen or displayed
  • To display your emotions or feelings
  • To let someone see something; display
  • To explain or teach how something is done
  • To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
  • To prove something to be true, correct
  • To reveal or allow something to be seen

theory

Copy vocabulary

US / ˈθiəri /

UK / ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri /

A2
  • noun
  • Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
  • Subtitles section
  • Do you think there's any instances in any of the gospel narratives where writers are purposefully inventing events or sayings to serve a theological purpose?
  • Yeah, I think there are.
  • I think there's some places where you can identify it.
  • And I think there are a lot of places where they're just, you know, you just can't know.
  • You know, if Matthew has a story that's only in Matthew, there's technically no way to know whether he just came up with that himself.
  • And there's a lot of that kind of thing where you can't know.
  • There are places where it's pretty clear somebody's just coming up with something.
  • Like,
  • I mean, it's not clear if it's necessarily the author, but somebody's clearly coming up with something.
  • I mean, the idea in Matthew, here's an example in Matthew.
  • Matthew explains why Jesus was born in Bethlehem, but he came from Nazareth.
  • And he says that the reason they moved to Nazareth was to fulfill the scripture that says, he shall be called a Nazarene.
  • But the problem, this is part of Matthew's whole thing, where Matthew's always saying Jesus did this to fulfill what the prophet said.
  • He's going to be born in Bethlehem, going to be born of a virgin.
  • He's going to be called a Nazarene.
  • Well, the other times when he says that, you can actually find the verse he's talking about.
  • And you might be misinterpreting it, but at least you know what the verse is.
  • There's no verse in the Bible that says he shall be called Nazarene.
  • And let's just restate that for our listeners.
  • Matthew continually throughout the gospel is saying that, and this occurred to fulfill the prophecy, to fulfill the scripture.
  • And you look in the Old Testament and you find, oh, there's the scripture.
  • And he's sort of got this story that fulfills the scripture.
  • Here, the idea that Jesus comes from Nazareth is to fulfill the scripture that says that he shall be called a Nazarene.
  • And we look for that line.
  • It's not there.
  • And it doesn't exist.
  • Yeah.
  • What's going on there?
  • Well, there are a lot of theories about it.
  • I mean, it doesn't it doesn't look like probably Matthew's just like lying about it.
  • Probably there are lots of explanations.
  • The most popular explanation is that he's referring to a mess, allegedly messianic prophecy in the book of Isaiah.
  • In Isaiah chapter nine, verse one, we're told that that the that that David will have a successor who will succeed him on the throne and that he'll come from the Nazar of David, the root of David.
  • So it's like a tree metaphor, like the tree has roots.
  • And so the root will grow into a tree.
  • And one of the fruits of the tree will be this messiah.
  • And so it comes from the root of David.
  • And the word for root in Hebrew is Nazar.
  • And it sounds like Nazarene.
  • And so it's so it's it may be that he has that in mind, for example, if that is the case, we're essentially talking about like a mistranslation.
  • Yeah, it's a mistranslation.
  • It's a misunderstanding.
  • It's somebody made it up.
  • I mean, Matthew may have made it up.
  • Somebody made it up.
  • So you say that this is this is like a popular explanation.
  • And when I when I when I ask, like, how do we explain this?
  • I mean, it's easy enough for an atheist or an agnostic or non-Christian to explain it.
  • But I mean, like, as a Christian scholar, surely that kind of explanation isn't available to you because it essentially says that the gospel, yeah, this this important gospel author just made a translation blunder.
  • Well, OK, so one thing I'd say is that not every Christian is a fundamentalist who think that every word has to be inspired by God.
  • I mean, this idea that every there can't be any mistakes in the Bible is a really fairly modern idea.
  • Most Christians throughout history haven't really had that view of the Bible at all.
  • So it's not whether it's it's not like Christian versus a non-Christian.
  • I explanation because within Christianity, there's an enormous range.
  • Sure.
  • And Christian scholars just would basically agree with most of the things we're talking about here.
  • If they're historical scholars, the scholars I studied with for both my master's and my Ph.D., I went to Princeton Theological Seminary.
  • And this is where I got most of this stuff from.
  • These people were ordained ministers, most of them.
  • But they said, yeah, of course, that's not they didn't have this fundamentalist view of the Bible.
  • So in this particular case, what a critical scholar would say that when Matthew says the scripture says he shall be called a Nazarene, he's not trying to give a verbatim quotation.
  • He's trying to say that this is somebody who would be a Nazarene and that that he's misinterpreting Isaiah nine, one Nazar to refer to.
  • And that's what he's thinking.
  • And, you know, you got that wrong.
  • But that's that's what he's doing.
  • Can I ask you about mistranslations of Old Testament verses in general?
  • Are there sort of other examples of what we might consider to be translation blunders in the New Testament?
  • Oh, boy.
  • Yeah, are there?
  • Matthew's kind of famous for this.
  • The the one that's the most famous one is, again, in the birth narrative in Matthew.
  • Both Matthew and Luke, as I said, have Jesus born of a virgin.
  • One of the interesting differences is why he had to be born of a virgin.
  • In Luke's gospel,
  • Luke Luke says the reason he had to be born of a virgin.
  • It's it's in the Annunciation.
  • The angel Gabriel comes to Mary and says, you're going to conceive a child.
  • She says, what?
  • Never had sex.
  • I'm not going to have sex.
  • No, no.
  • The Holy Spirit's going to get you pregnant.
  • And the the angel says to Luke one thirty five, the the the Holy Spirit shall come upon you, the power of the most high will overshadow you so that the one born of you shall be called holy, the son of God.
  • So Mary gets pregnant by the spirit so that Jesus is the divine son of God in Luke.
  • That's not Matthew's view.
  • Matthew doesn't say anything like that.
  • Matthew says that she had that she had to be a virgin to fulfill the scriptures because the scripture says that a virgin shall conceive and bear a son and shall call his name Emmanuel.
  • That's a quotation of Isaiah.
  • Chapter seven, verse 14.
  • In this case, it's really there.
  • Isaiah 7, 14 is there and it says something like that.
  • It's a good start, but it's a good start that it's actually in the Old Testament.
  • It's a good start.
  • It's a good start.
  • So it's there.
  • The problem is that Matthew is quoting it in the Greek translation of the Old Testament.
  • And when you actually read the Hebrew, it does not say a virgin shall conceive and bear a son.
  • And in fact, when you read it in the context of Isaiah, it's clear as day that it's not talking about that.
  • It's not talking about a Messiah at all.
  • Is that so?
  • I mean, because the word used in the Hebrew Old Testament is the word Alma, which can mean virgin.
  • Yes.
  • It can also mean what?
  • Young woman.
  • Well, it doesn't mean it means young woman, but it's young woman, irrespective of whether she's had sex or not.
  • Sure.
  • And the Greek translation in the Septuagint, which is the Greek version of the Old Testament, for our listeners, the New Testament is written in Greek.
  • That's right.
  • The Old Testament is written in Hebrew, which means that the New Testament writers were reading a Greek translation of the Old Testament when they wrote the New Testament.
  • And the Greek version of the Old Testament uses the word, is it Parthenos?
  • That's right.
  • Which does mean virgin.
  • Well, it also means young woman.
  • So you said a moment ago that you think it's, I mean, I've heard before that there's a bit of a sort of translation problem here, but you said it's clear that this is not what's meant in this passage.
  • Oh, yeah.
  • How do we know that?
  • Well, nobody reads the passage.
  • That's the thing.
  • People read the verse.
  • So the passage is really quite clear.
  • So the deal is, is that
  • Isaiah.
  • So it's written by a fellow named Isaiah in Jerusalem in the in the 8th century BCE, and he's a prominent figure in at the time in Jerusalem.
  • The the king of of Judah, Ahaz, is is under threat.
  • Two opposing armies have have laid siege to the city of Jerusalem, and it looks like Jerusalem is going to be destroyed.
  • And Ahaz is freaking out about this.
  • He calls in the prophet Isaiah, and Isaiah says that God will give you a sign to show that it's not going to happen, that you're not going to be destroyed.
  • The sign is that a young woman who has conceived will bear a son.
  • And when the son is old, he is old enough to know the difference between good and evil, can eat curds and whey and knows the difference between good and evil.
  • These two kings will disperse.
  • They will be gone.
  • They're not going to.
  • And so he's saying, give it time and they will go away of their own.
  • You don't not even going to have to fight the war.
  • He's so so there are two translational issues.
  • One is he doesn't use the Hebrew word that means a woman who's never had sex.
  • Bethulah.
  • He uses just the word for a young woman.
  • And and the Hebrew tense is the young woman has conceived.
  • She's pregnant.
  • Before she gives birth, I mean, before the child she bears is very old.
  • You won't have these political problems anymore.
  • So it's a young woman has conceived.
  • It's not a virgin will conceive.
  • And it's not talking about a future Messiah.
  • It's talking about some woman here who's pregnant, who about what's going to happen to the city.
  • So it's not even a messianic prophecy.
  • It's not a prophecy of a future Messiah.
  • The full conversation that the clip you just watched was taken from is available via the link that just appeared on your screen.
  • Don't forget to subscribe.
  • Thank you for watching and I'll see you in the next one.