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Can your 4WD stop in an emergency?

Original YouTube Video | AussieArvos Published on 2023-06-24 Level：87 Speed：99 maxwordlevel：20

Video vocabulary

aussie

US / ˈɔ:si /

•

UK / ˈɔsi, ˈɔzi /

adjective
Australian.
noun
A person from Australia.

hose

US / həʊz /

•

UK / hoʊz /

noun
Tube that carries a liquid
Socks, stockings, pantyhose etc.
verb
To wet or clean something with a hose

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

determiner
Belonging to us

mud

US / mʌd /

•

UK / mʌd /

noun
Soft, wet dirt

size

US / saɪz /

•

UK / saɪz /

noun
How big or small a thing is
Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
verb
To make something to fit a particular measurement
To organize or group from small to large

whole

US / həul /

•

UK / hol /

adjecitve
Complete or full; all of
Being in a good condition
noun
Complete amount or sum; total

secondly

US / ˈsekəndli /

•

UK / ˈsɛkəndli /

adverb
Concerning a point or reason after the first

ship

US / ʃɪp /

•

UK / ʃɪp /

noun
Large boat
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

are

US / ɑ:(r) /

•

UK / ɑ:r /

auxiliary verb
Being

deal

US / di:l /

•

UK / dil /

verb
To cope with something - usually troubles
To give (something bad e.g. news) to
To buy and sell illegal drugs
To give out (cards, etc.) to; distribute
To do business with someone or to sell products

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

compare

US / kəm'peə(r) /

•

UK / kəmˈpɛr /

verb
To consider how similar and different things are

excited

US / ɪkˈsaɪtɪd /

•

UK / ɪkˈsaɪtɪd /

adjecitve
Happy, interested or eager; enthusiastic
verb
To make something or someone become more active
To make someone feel happy, interested or eager

grime

US / ɡraɪm /

•

UK / ɡraɪm /

noun
Thick dirt or black dust, e.g. from pollution

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

pick

US / pɪk /

•

UK / pɪk /

noun
Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
Item selected from a group of choices
verb
To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
To decide on a thing from various choices; select
To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

cut

US / kʌt /

•

UK / kʌt /

noun
Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
verb
To reduce the size or amount of something
To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces

especially

US / ɪˈspeʃəli /

•

UK / ɛˈspɛʃəli, ɪˈspɛʃ- /

adverb
More than usual; extremely

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

river

US / ˈrɪvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈrɪvɚ /

noun
Flowing water that runs from mountains to the sea

stone

US / stəʊn /

•

UK / stoʊn /

noun
Hard, solid piece of rock
verb
To kill as a punishment, by throwing stones at

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

assembly

US / ə'semblɪ /

•

UK / əˈsɛmbli /

noun
Process of putting the parts of something together
Group of people gathered for a purpose
A group of machine parts forming a tool or machine

attach

US / ə'tætʃ /

•

UK / əˈtætʃ /

verb
To be associated or connected with

feeling

US / ˈfi:lɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈfilɪŋ /

noun
Sensation or emotion you experience
verb
To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
To sense through direct contact; touch

save

US / seɪv /

•

UK / sev /

noun
Preventing a player in a game from scoring a goal
preposition
Except; not including
verb
To make your computer keep a file
To keep for future use
To make something unnecessary; prevent
To keep money so that you will have it later
To keep something for future use, such as money
To keep or rescue someone or something from harm
To prevent a player in a game from scoring a goal
To avoid the unnecessary waste of energy, etc.

same

US / seɪm /

•

UK / sem /

adjecitve
Being equal in quality and amount
Identical; not different
Not changing; constant

stub

US / stʌb /

•

UK / stʌb /

noun
A stand-in piece of programming code
Part of a ticket you keep to prove you paid
Part of a tree that was cut but allowed to regrow
verb
To cut a tree back and allow it to regrow

slow

US / sləʊ /

•

UK / sloʊ /

adjecitve
Lacking activity, busyness or excitement
(Clock) showing time earlier than the actual time
Having difficulty understanding simple things
Moving or happening without speed; not fast
verb
To move, with less speed than before
To move or go without much speed

smooth

US / smu:ð /

•

UK / smuð /

adjecitve
Moving without stops and starts
Pleasant and flat to touch, not rough
Being free from problems or difficulties
verb
To make something rough feel flat, e.g. by ironing
To spread a substance over a surface

US / səb'skraɪb /

•

UK / səbˈskraɪb /

verb
To regularly pay to receive a service

rotor

US / ˈrəʊtə(r) /

•

UK / ˈroʊtə(r) /

noun
Rotating part of an electrical machine

abs

US / æbz /

•

UK / æbz /

abbreviation
ABS is an acronym

cruiser

US / ˈkru:zə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkruzɚ /

noun
Large motorboat used for long pleasure journeys

currently

US / ˈkʌrəntli /

•

UK / ˈkʌrənt(ə)li /

adverb
Happening or being in the present time

online

US / ˌɒnˈlaɪn /

•

UK / ˌɑ:nˈlaɪn /

adjecitve
Connected to the internet

spec

US / spek /

•

UK / spɛk /

noun
Detailed description of design criteria

video

US / 'vɪdɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈvɪdiˌo /

adjecitve
Of a moving film, with sound
noun
Recording capturing action with sound
verb
To make a moving film of, with sound

rubber

US / 'rʌbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈrʌbɚ /

noun
Material used to make tires, etc.

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

gasket

US / ˈgæskɪt /

•

UK / ˈɡæskɪt /

noun
Rubber seal between two parts joined together

option

US / 'ɒpʃn /

•

UK / ˈɑpʃən /

noun
A choice
Right to buy or sell at a certain price and time

old

US / əʊld /

•

UK / old /

adjecitve
Having existed for a long time, not young or new
Age of a person since birth

throw

US / θrəʊ /

•

UK / θroʊ /

noun
Arm movement to make a thing fly through the air
Loose cloth or blanket (usually over a chair)
Forcibly putting someone on the ground
verb
To use your arm to make something fly in the air
To move part of your body suddenly and forcefully
To confuse or upset someone
(E.g. judo) to forcibly put someone on the ground
To put something somewhere suddenly and roughly

work

US / wɜ:k /

•

UK / wɚk /

adjecitve
Activity completed in order to make money
noun
The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
Everything created by an author, artist, musician
Activity you do in order to make money
Place of employment
Final product or result of a some labor or effort
verb
To bring into a specific state of success
To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
To do your job in your company or workplace
To make an effort to do something
To operate a machine or device

worry

US / ˈwʌri /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:ri /

noun
Something that causes trouble or concern
verb
To cause concern or trouble over something

change

US / tʃeɪndʒ /

•

UK / tʃendʒ /

noun
Exchange of one set of clothes for another
Money in the form of coins instead of paper
Money returned after giving too much
Act of making or becoming something else
verb
To exchange one set of clothes for another
To exchange one kind of money for another
To replace something with another thing
To make or become something else
To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

kinetic

US / kɪˈnetɪk /

•

UK / kɪˈnɛtɪk, kaɪ- /

adjecitve
Of or relating to movement

pressure

US / 'preʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈprɛʃɚ /

noun
Anxiety caused by difficult problems
Force, weight when pressing against a thing
Strong persuasion to do something
verb
To apply force to something
To persuade or force someone to do something

result

US / rɪ'zʌlt /

•

UK / rɪˈzʌlt /

noun
Something produced through tests or experiments
Final score of a competition, election or game
verb
To be the outcome of other causes and effects

show

US / ʃəʊ /

•

UK / ʃo /

noun
False display of love, emotion or action
An event for displaying or promoting goods
Play, opera or theater production
Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
verb
To be easily seen or displayed
To display your emotions or feelings
To let someone see something; display
To explain or teach how something is done
To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
To prove something to be true, correct
To reveal or allow something to be seen

space

US / speɪs /

•

UK / spes /

noun
Empty area kept for a specific reason, like a car
Empty area with nothing in it
Area in the sky where the stars are
Area between written words on a page
verb
To make a certain distance or time between

ago

US / əˈgəʊ /

•

UK / əˈgoʊ /

adverb
At a specified length of time in the past

due

US / dju: /

•

UK / du, dju /

adjecitve
When something is required or expected
Owed to a person as a right
noun
Something you deserve; something you can expect

else

US / els /

•

UK / ɛls /

adverb
Otherwise; if you fail to
(Of person place thing etc.) besides; in addition

install

US / ɪnˈstɔ:l /

•

UK / ɪnˈstɔl /

verb
To set up equipment so that it is ready to use
To place someone officially in a job position

technique

US / tekˈni:k /

•

UK / tɛkˈnik /

noun
Way of doing by using special knowledge or skill

useful

US / ˈju:sfl /

•

UK / ˈjusfəl /

adjecitve
That can help with a particular task

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

bit

US / bɪt /

•

UK / bɪt /

noun
Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
Small piece of something
verb
(E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

pay

US / peɪ /

•

UK / pe /

noun
Money you receive from your job, work, etc.
verb
To give money for goods or work done
To give (attention, respect, etc.) to
To be punished or suffer for something you did
To make (a visit) to a person or place

peel

US / pi:l /

•

UK / pil /

noun
Outer covering, or skin, of a piece of fruit
verb
To remove the outer skin of something, e.g. fruit
To remove the cover or outer layer from something
To lose an outer or top layer, as of skin

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

nice

US / naɪs /

•

UK / naɪs /

adjecitve
Being attractive or of high quality or value
Good or enjoyable
Being kind or friendly

rooftop

US / ˈru:ftɒp /

•

UK / ˈru:ftɑ:p /

noun
Top of a roof, e.g. of garden on a roof

tutorial

US / tju:ˈtɔ:riəl /

•

UK / tu:ˈtɔ:riəl /

noun
A lesson given to a small group

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

scrub

US / skrʌb /

•

UK / skrʌb /

noun
Act of cleaning with hard rubbing
verb
To clean with hard rubbing

slam

US / slæm /

•

UK / slæm /

noun
Act or sound of closing a door, etc. violently
verb
To criticize sharply
To shut with a lot of force, making a loud noise

common

US / 'kɒmən /

•

UK / ˈkɑmən /

adjecitve
Shared; Belonging to or used by everyone
Typical, normal; not unusual
noun
Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
Field near a village owned by the local community

correctly

US / kə'rektlɪ /

•

UK / kəˈrɛktlɪ /

adverb
In an accurate or correct manner

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

drop

US / drɒp /

•

UK / drɑp /

noun
Distance between a higher and a lower level
Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
verb
To drive someone to a place and then drive away
To let something fall from your hand
To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

fast

US / fɑ:st /

•

UK / fæst /

adjecitve
In a way that is difficult to move or change
Moving or able to move quickly
Showing time that is later than the actual time
adverb
With a great deal of speed
noun
Period of time when a person chooses not to eat
verb
To refuse food for a long time

remove

US / rɪˈmu:v /

•

UK / rɪˈmuv /

verb
To get rid of something completely
To make someone leave his or her job or position
To move, erase or take away from a place
To take something off (e.g. clothing)

wipe

US / waɪp /

•

UK / waɪp /

noun
Act to clean or dry something with a cloth
verb
To clean or dry something with a cloth
To spread a liquid on something

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

pretty

US / 'prɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɪti /

adjecitve
Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
adverb
Very; to a great degree

repeatable

US / rɪˈpiːtəbl /

•

UK / rɪˈpiːtəbl /

adjecitve
Able or fit to be repeated or quoted

weld

US / weld /

•

UK / wɛld /

verb
To bring things together in close association
To join two pieces of metal together with heat

extend

US / ɪkˈstend /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɛnd /

verb
To offer something (help, friendship) to someone
To reach from one point to another
To straighten or stretch something out, e.g. leg
To make something last longer

land

US / lænd /

•

UK / lænd /

noun
Region or country
Earth; the ground
verb
To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
To obtain or get something that you wanted
To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
To cause to arrive in a specific place or state

mullet

US / ˈmʌlɪt /

•

UK / ˈmʌlɪt /

noun
Type of marine warm water fish

set

US / set /

•

UK / sɛt /

adjecitve
Prepared for something; ready
noun
Complete group of something
Place where a television show or movie is filmed
Group of games in a tennis match
Device that receives radio or television signals
verb
To make a clock state or ring at a particular time
To decide upon or choose something
To make something ready for use (e.g. table)
To decide on a price for something
To become hard (of glue, concrete etc.)
To be located in a specific place or time
To put (e.g. a vase) down carefully in a place
To put someone in a certain condition or state
(Of the sun) to go lower than the horizon

since

US / sɪns /

•

UK / sɪns /

adverb
At a point before the present time
conjunction
For this reason; because
preposition
From the time in the past that

test

US / test /

•

UK / test /

noun
A medical examination
Action to establish the truth or nature of
Examination; questions to measure knowledge
verb
To be given a medical examination
To try to establish the truth or nature of
To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

seal

US / si:l /

•

UK / sil /

noun
Large fish-eating animal that lives on sea or land
Official mark made in hot wax to close a document
Piece of rubber used to keep water, dirt out
verb
To close tightly to protect it from leaking
To close an envelop or package
To cover a surface with a substance to protect it

yourself

US / jɔ:ˈself /

•

UK / jʊrˈsɛlf, jɔr-, jor-, jə- /

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'you', used for an emphasis

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

line

US / laɪn /

•

UK / laɪn /

noun
Border that divides two places or regions
Long crease in the skin, often from age
Mark that is long, straight and very thin
Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
Telephone connection
People waiting one behind the other; queue
Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
verb
To put material along the inside of something

reassemble

US / ˌri:ə'sembl /

•

UK / ˌriəˈsɛmbəl /

verb
To put back together after taking something apart

adjustment

US / əˈdʒʌstmənt /

•

UK / əˈdʒʌstmənt /

noun
Small change to attain a desired state or function
A change to make something function better

awesome

US / 'ɔ:səm /

•

UK / ˈɔsəm /

adjecitve
Great; wonderful; stupendous

inch

US / ɪntʃ /

•

UK / ɪntʃ /

noun
1/12th of a foot (2.54 centimeters)
Very small distance
verb
To move or cause to move a small bit at a time

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

oil

US / ɔɪl /

•

UK / ɔɪl /

noun
A liquid used for frying foods
Thick, black liquid in the ground used as fuel
verb
To add a liquid for frying foods
To put liquid in a machine so it will run smoothly

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

vehicle

US / ˈvi:əkl /

•

UK / ˈvi:hɪkl /

noun
Machine (such as a car) used to carry things
Means of expressing, showing, or achieving

strong

US / strɒŋ /

•

UK / strɔŋ /

adjecitve
(Of tea or beer) dark or thick
Having big muscles; physically powerful

standard

US / 'stændəd /

•

UK / ˈstændəd /

adjecitve
Being the accepted normal level of quality
(Of a language) being the most accepted in a place
noun
Official unit of measuring something
Principle of behaving in a moral way

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

amount

US / ə'maʊnt /

•

UK / əˈmaʊnt /

noun
Quantity of something
verb
To add up to a certain figure

difference

US / 'dɪfrəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /

noun
A thing or issue that people do not agree about
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

anyway

US / ˈeniweɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌwe /

adverb
A word used to change the topic of a conversation

brake

US / breɪk /

•

UK / brek /

noun
Mechanism on car, train, bike to make it slow down
verb
To stop or slow down a car when driving

protection

US / prəˈtekʃn /

•

UK / prəˈtɛkʃən /

noun
Being kept from harm
Something that defends against harm or danger

replace

US / rɪ'pleɪs /

•

UK / rɪˈples /

verb
To use instead of something else
To return an item to its original location

never

US / 'nevə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

adverb
Not ever; not at any time

special

US / 'speʃl /

•

UK / ˈspɛʃəl /

adjecitve
Being additional or extra
Different, better or greater than normal
noun
Heavily discounted sales item

toyota

US / ˈtɒksɪn /

•

UK / ˈtɑ:ksɪn /

control

US / kən'trəʊl /

•

UK / kənˈtrol /

noun
A device designed to operate a machine
Participant in experiment that is left untouched
Act to dominate or command; make manageable
A law limiting the growth or spread of something
A place which overseas or manages e.g. a factory
verb
To direct or influence the behavior of something

hour

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

noun
60 minutes
Particular time of the day
Fixed, regularly occurring time

redo

US / ˌri:'du: /

•

UK / riˈdu /

verb
To do over again

possibly

US / ˈpɒsəbli /

•

UK / ˈpɑ:səbli /

adverb
May be true or likely, but is uncertain

stuff

US / stʌf /

•

UK / stʌf /

noun
Generic description for things, materials, objects
verb
To push material inside something, with force

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

cool

US / ku:l /

•

UK / kul /

adjecitve
Steady and calm when facing difficulties
Almost cold; not warm or hot
Smart or stylish in a way (young) people admire
Unfriendly in an indirect way; distant
verb
To make something decrease in temperature
(Of an emotion, etc.) to become less strongly felt

definitely

US / ˈdefɪnətli /

•

UK / ˈdefɪnətli /

adverb
Without question; beyond doubt

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

improvement

US / ɪmˈpru:vmənt /

•

UK / ɪmˈpruvmənt /

noun
Addition or change that makes something better

job

US / dʒɒb /

•

UK / dʒɑ:b /

noun
Something that must be done
Regular work at which you earn money

per

US / pə(r) /

•

UK / pɚ /

preposition
In the manner directed or suggested
For each; during each

sound

US / saʊnd /

•

UK / saʊnd /

adjecitve
Sensible, dependable and reliable
Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
Firm or solid in structure
Sane; not mentally ill
Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
noun
Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
verb
To seem or appear to be, from what was said
To say in a clear deliberate manner
To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

water

US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /

noun
Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
Large area such as an ocean or sea
verb
(Of the eyes) to produce tears
(Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

secondhand

US / 'sekənd'hænd /

•

UK / 'sekəndhænd /

adjecitve
Something that has already used by another person

tear

US / teə(r) /

•

UK / tɛr /

noun
Drop of salty water from the eye
Hole or rip in something after it has been damaged
verb
To move very quickly, often with carelessness
To remove something forcibly or roughly
To damage by pulling, resulting in a rough edge

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

check

US / tʃek /

•

UK / tʃɛk /

adjecitve
Decorated with squares made up of lines
noun
Paper showing how much you owe at a restaurant
Printed piece of paper you sign to pay for things
A mark on a form, equivalent to 'yes'; tick
Mark used to show that something is correct
Procedure to prevent errors or control something
verb
To confirm the details of something are correct
To leave your things with staff who look after it
To examine something to see if something is wrong
To examine in order to prevent errors/a problem

rear

US / rɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪr /

noun
Part of the human body that you sit on; buttocks
verb
To care for a young animal, child into adulthood
(Of horse) to raise the body up on the back legs

rebuild

US / ˌri:'bɪld /

•

UK / riˈbɪld /

verb
To get back something that was lost, e.g. trust
To repair something that was damaged or destroyed

genuine

US / ˈdʒenjuɪn /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛnjuɪn /

adjecitve
Being real, actual, and not false or artificial
Being sincere in your actions or character

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

quick

US / kwɪk /

•

UK / kwɪk /

adjecitve
Using very little time; moving far in little time
Learning and understanding rapidly and easily

performance

US / pə'fɔ:məns /

•

UK / pɚˈfɔrməns /

noun
Act of doing something
Activity done to entertain an audience

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

small

US / smɔ:l /

•

UK / smɔl /

adjecitve
Little in size; not big
(Of letters) not written in capital letters
Being insignificant or minor
(Of a business) with few people or things; local
(Of voice) being soft and quiet
(Of a child) being young

thick

US / θɪk /

•

UK / θɪk /

adjecitve
Difficult to see through, as fog
Full of (people, etc.)
(Of a liquid) that moves or pours slowly
Stupid; not smart
(Of person's accent) hard to understand
Having a large distance between two surfaces

tool

US / tu:l /

•

UK / tul /

noun
Device used to make things, e.g. a hammer
verb
To provide a workshop with the right equipment

story

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building
Account or description of how something happened

alien

US / 'eɪlɪən /

•

UK / ˈeliən,ˈeljən /

adjecitve
Being foreign, different or unfamiliar
noun
Foreigner; a person not from this place
Person or creature from a planet other than Earth

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

lock

US / lɒk /

•

UK / lɑ:k /

noun
Small portion of your hair that hangs together
Place on a door, etc. that you close with a key
verb
To become fixed in place and hard to move
To use a key, code so others can't open something

sure

US / ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ʃʊr /

adjecitve
Having no doubts about something
Have confidence in your own words or actions
Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
Being correct or true
adverb
What you say to agree willingly

actually

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

•

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

adverb
Used to add new (often different) information

ensure

US / ɪn'ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈʃʊr /

verb
To make something sure, certain, or safe

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

terrain

US / təˈreɪn /

•

UK / təˈren /

noun
Characteristics (e.g. rough) of a piece of land

bed

US / bed /

•

UK / bɛd /

noun
Flat bottom surface of a lake, ocean etc.
A piece of furniture that people sleep on
An area on which other things are put
Area of ground to grow vegetables or flowers
verb
To have sex with someone
To plant, fix, or attach something firmly to

four

US / fɔ:(r) /

•

UK / fɔr, for /

number
4

fabricate

US / ˈfæbrɪkeɪt /

•

UK / ˈfæbrɪˌket /

verb
To invent or create, especially to deceive, trick
To say things that are not true to trick someone
To manufacture things

heat

US / hi:t /

•

UK / hit /

noun
State of anger, excitement, or arguing
Particular temperature at which to cook something
High temperature
One of series of races to find the finalists
Hot temperature, conditions, or weather
verb
To make hot or hotter

obviously

US / ˈɒbviəsli /

•

UK / ˈɑːbviəsli /

adverb
In a way that is obvious/easy to see or understand

matter

US / 'mætə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmætɚ /

noun
Material all things are made of that fills space
Problem or reason for concern
verb
To be of great importance; to count

once

US / wʌns /

•

UK / wʌns /

adverb
One time; one instance
At a time in the past
conjunction
When; as soon as

piston

US / 'pɪstən /

•

UK / ˈpɪstən /

noun
Sliding, cylindrical piece moved by fuel pressure

probably

US / ˈprɒbəbli /

•

UK / ˈprɑbəbli /

adverb
That is likely to happen or be true

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

US / ˈpri:viəs /

•

UK / ˈpriviəs /

adjecitve
Existing or happening before the present time

reason

US / 'ri:zn /

•

UK / ˈrizən /

noun
Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
Explanation for why something occurred or was done
verb
To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

side

US / saɪd /

•

UK / saɪd /

adjecitve
In addition to the central or most important thing
Next to, or very close to, the right or left of
noun
Position or opinion that is opposite to another
Right or left part of a person's body
Feature of someone's personality
Straight edge of an object
One of two or more groups fighting each other
verb
To decide to agree with one point, not the other

slot

US / slɒt /

•

UK / slɑ:t /

noun
A long narrow opening to put a coin, etc. in
verb
To put something in a small narrow opening

wheel

US / wi:l /

•

UK / wi:l /

noun
Round thing that rolls, used for moving things
verb
To move something which has wheels or is on wheels
To turn or cause to turn something in a circle

too

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

adverb
In addition, also; with emphasis
Say that something is more than you want

handy

US / 'hændɪ /

•

UK / ˈhændi /

adjecitve
Convenient, easy to use, easy to reach
Being skillful in performing small tasks

race

US / reɪs /

•

UK / res /

noun
Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
People who share physical features or culture
verb
To take part in a running or swimming competition
To move or go at a very fast pace
To take someone, something to a place very quickly

series

US / ˈsɪəri:z /

•

UK / ˈsɪriz /

noun
Set of stories or articles on a particular subject
other
Number of things that happen one after another

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

dust

US / dʌst /

•

UK / dʌst /

noun
Fine dry powder that builds up on surfaces
verb
To apply a fine powder to, e.g. sugar to a cake
To wipe something to remove dirt

fresh

US / freʃ /

•

UK / frɛʃ /

adjecitve
Clean; not used or dirty
Remaining clear, as in a person's memory
Newly made or gathered
(Water) not salty, usually from a lake or a river

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

daunt

US / dɔ:nt /

•

UK / dɔnt, dɑnt /

verb
To make someone feel less courageous or confident

liquid

US / ˈlɪkwɪd /

•

UK / ˈlɪkwɪd /

adjecitve
(Of wealth) being able to be spent as cash
In a state of being uncertain
Moving in a flowing manner, like water or oil
noun
Something that is similar to the state of water

rim

US / rɪm /

•

UK / rɪm /

noun
Outer edge of something circular
Outer part of a wheel of a vehicle
verb
To give something an outer edge, as specified

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

bob

US / bɒb /

•

UK / bɑ:b /

noun
Person's name
verb
To move up and down repeatedly

issue

US / 'ɪʃu: /

•

UK / ˈɪʃu /

noun
Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
Single edition of a magazine
verb
To make something available to be used or sold
To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

footage

US / ˈfʊtɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈfʊtɪdʒ /

noun
A certain amount of film or video of something
Measurement in feet

bar

US / bɑ:(r) /

•

UK / bɑ:r /

noun
Piece of (soap, chocolate etc.)
Professional organization of lawyers and judges
String of musical notes
Place to meet friends and buy alcoholic drinks
Long solid round piece of metal shaped like a pipe
verb
To prevent entry, exit or an action

early

US / ˈɜ:li /

•

UK / ˈɜ:rli /

adjecitve
Happening or appearing before
adverb
Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
Happening sooner than expected

flat

US / flæt /

•

UK / flæt /

adjecitve
Level; even; without curves or bumps
Lifeless; lacking energy or vitality
adverb
In a certain, direct or absolute manner
Against a surface without lifting or curving away
noun
Apartment; set of rooms for living in
The smooth or level part of something
Musical tone lower than another by a small degree
verb
To share an apartment with someone

large

US / lɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

adjecitve
Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

rest

US / rest /

•

UK / rɛst /

noun
Time when one relaxes, sleeps, or is inactive
State in which there is a lack of motion
Part of something remaining after some was used
verb
To stop working or avoid activity to recover
(Of dead person) to lie in a grave
To lean, support or place something against
To not be tired because you had enough sleep

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

hope

US / həʊp /

•

UK / hop /

noun
When you wish something will happen; what you wish
verb
To expect and want something to happen

money

US / 'mʌnɪ /

•

UK / ˈmʌni /

noun
Coins or notes we use to pay for things

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

swivel

US / ˈswɪvl /

•

UK / ˈswɪvəl /

noun
Device joining two parts which can pivot freely

finally

US / ˈfaɪnəli /

•

UK / ˈfaɪnəli /

adverb
used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
After a long time or some difficulty

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

environmental

US / ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl /

•

UK / ɛnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntl:, -ˌvaɪən /

adjecitve
Of the natural world of plants and animals

modification

US / ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / mɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə) /

noun
A small change to a machine, system, or plan

something

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

adverb
In some degree or measure
noun
a person or thing of some value or consequence
pronoun
Thing that is not yet known or named
Approximately

brand

US / brænd /

•

UK / brænd /

noun
A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
Product made or designed by a named company
verb
To burn a mark on an animal to show who owns it
To describe someone as a liar, coward, etc.
To give a famous name to a product or service

front

US / frʌnt /

•

UK / frʌnt /

adjecitve
Opposite of back; the forward part of an object
noun
Behavior not showing a person's true feelings
Area where fighting in a war is happening
Place where air of different temperatures meets
verb
To have the forward part facing something
To lead a group of people, usually a band

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

seat

US / si:t /

•

UK / sit /

noun
Place where a government or organization is based
A chair or place to sit
Official position in an organization
Part of a chair on which a person sits
verb
To have seats available for a number of people
To give someone a place to sit down

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

ultra

US / 'ʌltrə /

•

UK / 'ʌltrə /

prefix
Prefix that denotes a lot of something; extreme

anything

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
A thing of any kind

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

along

US / əˈlɒŋ /

•

UK / əˈlɔ:ŋ /

adverb
As a companion; taken with someone
preposition
At a point on a line

entirely

US / ɪnˈtaɪəli /

•

UK / ɪnˈtaɪərli /

adverb
Wholly; completely

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

reuse

US / ˌri:'ju:z /

•

UK / riˈjuz /

verb
To use something again

temperature

US / ˈtemprətʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə- /

noun
When you your body heat is above normal
How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather

swell

US / swel /

•

UK / swɛl /

noun
Being overcome from feeling a strong emotion
Act of growing in size or increasing in number
The size of the waves (surfing)
verb
To feel overcome due to a strong emotion
To increase in size or number larger than normal
To become larger than normal, often due to injury

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

distance

US / 'dɪstəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪstəns /

noun
Lack of friendliness toward another person
Amount of space between two places or things
verb
To make it clear that you are not involved

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

channel

US / 'tʃænl /

•

UK / ˈtʃænəl /

noun
Long hole dug in the ground, e.g. to move water
TV or radio station or its programs
Method or way of sending or receiving information
Narrow passage through which water travels
Method or route used for sending or getting things
verb
To dig a long hole for carrying water
To send (e.g. money) to a certain place or person
To direct water or liquid through a passage
To direct energy or feelings into something

help

US / help /

•

UK / hɛlp /

noun
Something given to enable a person to do something
Assistance given to someone in need
Someone who makes something easier or possible
verb
To act to enable a person to do something; assist
To make something better or less difficult

evenly

US / ˈi:vnli /

•

UK / ˈivənlɪ /

adverb
Equally; with advantage to both sides
In a smooth, level or regular way
In a regular, steady, and equally paced manner

effort

US / ˈefət /

•

UK / ˈɛfət /

noun
Amount of work used trying to do something

decide

US / dɪ'saɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

verb
To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
To make a legal judgment in court
to affect the result of something

floor

US / flɔ:(r) /

•

UK / flɔr, flor /

noun
Large area used for a particular purpose
Part of a room on which you stand
Particular level in a building; storey
verb
To hit or push someone to the ground
To surprise or confuse someone who can't respond

layer

US / ˈleiə /

•

UK / ˈleɚ /

noun
One of several sheets of a material or object
verb
To put things one on top of another

literally

US / ˈlɪtərəli /

•

UK / ˈlɪtərəli /

adverb
So as to express the exact meaning of something
Used to say something is true, even if unlikely

suit

US / su:t /

•

UK / sut /

noun
Set of clothes including jacket and pants or skirt
Law case involving a claim of some kind
Set of playing cards such as hearts or diamonds
verb
To be appropriate for a given situation
(Of clothes) to look good on someone

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

squeeze

US / skwi:z /

•

UK / skwiz /

noun
Amount of liquid from firmly pressing e.g. orange
Act of putting pressure on, as to get liquid out
When there is not enough space for things/people
Act of firmly pressing on two or more sides
verb
To force or threaten someone to give you something
To strongly compress something to get liquid out
To be pressed together or crowded into an area
To press together the opposite sides of something
To reduce the amount of something

arvo

US / ˈɑːvəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɑːrvoʊ /

noun
Informal word for afternoon

cross

US / krɒs /

•

UK / krɔs, krɑs /

adjecitve
Angry and upset
From one side of something to the other
noun
(Of animals) mixture of breeds in one animal
Person's name
verb
To put one thing over another e.g. arms
To breed one type of animal or plant with another
To not to agree with someone; oppose
To go from one side of something to the other
To meet at one point

double

US / 'dʌbl /

•

UK / ˈdʌbəl /

adjecitve
Concerning or intended for use by two people
Two times the amount or degree; twice
Made of two parts that are the same, similar
noun
Person that is exactly like someone else
verb
To be used for two functions at the same time
To make or become twice as much

hoist

US / hɔɪst /

•

UK / hɔɪst /

noun
Piece of machinery with ropes, used for lifting
verb
To raise something with the help of machinery

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

trick

US / trɪk /

•

UK / trɪk /

adjecitve
Not reliable; likely to deceive you
noun
Act of trying to fool someone
Quick or skillful way of doing something
Something done to make someone laugh
verb
To fool someone in order to obtain a result
To playfully tease or fool to make someone laugh

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

instantly

US / ˈɪnstəntli /

•

UK / ˈɪnstəntli /

adverb
In a manner without delay; immediately

family

US / 'fæməlɪ /

•

UK / ˈfæmli /

noun
Close group of people or organizations
A group of people who are related through blood
Group of related plants or animals

preload

US / ˌpriːˈləʊd /

•

UK / ˌpriːˈloʊd /

noun
A thing loaded or applied as a load beforehand.
transitive verb
Load beforehand.

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

slowly

US / ˈsləʊli /

•

UK / ˈsloʊli /

adverb
In an unhurried or not speedy manner

torque

US / tɔ:k /

•

UK / tɔrk /

noun
Turning or twisting force

she

US / ʃɪ /

•

UK / ʃi /

pronoun
Female person or animal mentioned before
(Refers to female person mentioned before)

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

touch

US / tʌtʃ /

•

UK / tʌtʃ /

noun
Certain way of doing that makes something special
A small amount of something
Feeling of a surface
verb
To affect feelings, especially by causing sympathy
To be next to each other with no space between
To get involved with (used in negative)
To feel an object with your fingers, etc.

toughness

US / tʌfnəs /

•

UK / tʌfnəs /

noun
State of being physically and mentally tough

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

grease

US / gri:s /

•

UK / ɡris /

noun
Liquid or melted fat from animals used for cooking
Thick gel used to lubricate a machine
verb
To use grease to lubricate a machine

style

US / staɪl /

•

UK / staɪl /

noun
The (tasteful) way something is designed or done
verb
To shape or design something in a certain way

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

energy

US / 'enədʒɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛnədʒi /

noun
Physical or mental strength

factory

US / ˈfæktri /

•

UK / ˈfæktəri /

noun
Building where things are made

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

great

US / ɡreɪt /

•

UK / ɡret /

adjecitve
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
adverb
Very good; better than before
noun
Successful and well-admired person

require

US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

verb
To demand that someone does something
To need to do something, to make it necessary

task

US / tɑ:sk /

•

UK / tæsk /

noun
Big or small piece of work someone has to do
verb
To be given something to do, e.g. wash dishes

each

US / i:tʃ /

•

UK / itʃ /

determiner
Every one of two or more things
pronoun
Per one person or thing

hub

US / hʌb /

•

UK / hʌb /

noun
Center of action or interest
Central part of a wheel

happen

US / 'hæpən /

•

UK / ˈhæpən /

verb
To take place or occur

reckon

US / ˈrekən /

•

UK / ˈrɛkən /

verb
To believe or expect that something is true

yeah

US / jeə /

•

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

exclamation
Another way of saying 'yes'

track

US / træk /

•

UK / træk /

noun
A circular course for running
Course or way someone takes, e.g. in education
Path in a field or a forest made by walkers
Often circular course laid out for car racing
One of multiple musical recordings on an album
Band surrounding the wheels of a tank
Metal lines that trains ride on
verb
To use marks to follow a wild animal
To move a certain way/follow a particular course
To record and examine the progress of something

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

different

US / ˈdɪfrənt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

adjecitve
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

again

US / ə'ɡen /

•

UK / əˈɡɛn /

adverb
One more time, once more

current

US / 'kʌrənt /

•

UK / ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr- /

adjecitve
Happening or being in the present time
noun
Electricity flowing through wires
Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

kit

US / kɪt /

•

UK / kɪt /

noun
Set, collection of tools, supplies, for a purpose

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

US / 'pi:pl /

•

UK / ˈpipəl /

noun
Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
Men, Women, Children

site

US / saɪt /

•

UK / saɪt /

noun
Place that is reserved for a particular activity
Location of building work
Location of something
Place where something of special interest happened
Website
verb
To place something in a particular position, area

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

disc

US / dɪsk /

•

UK / dɪsk /

noun
Thin or flat, round object, e.g. for storing data

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

exciting

US / ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ /

•

UK / ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ /

adjecitve
Creating interest, happiness or pleasurable fear
verb
To cause a reaction; make active
To make someone feel happy, interested or eager

hard

US / hɑ:d /

•

UK / hɑː(r)d /

adjecitve
Difficult to do; difficult to understand
(Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
(Of alcohol) strong
Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
Strong
(Of edge) clear; sharp
Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
adverb
With lots of force, power, or impact

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

second

US / 'sekənd /

•

UK / ˈsɛkənd /

adjecitve
2nd; the one following first
noun
Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
Short period of time that you wait for someone
(Do) soon
verb
To agree to support a proposal at a meeting

rotation

US / rəʊˈteɪʃn /

•

UK / roʊˈteɪʃn /

noun
Regular change of the crops grown in a field
Group who take turns performing a certain task
Regularly changing the time when people work
Movement in a circle around a central point

catch

US / kætʃ /

•

UK / kætʃ, kɛtʃ /

noun
Amount of something that has been caught
Trick or something trying to deceive
verb
To stop something flying and hold it
To stop something and not let it go, e.g. animals
To get sick or get a disease from someone else
To find someone to do something, a task
To get stuck on or in something
To be trapped so you can’t escape
To be able to understand what someone is saying

hit

US / hɪt /

•

UK / hɪt /

noun
A planned killing, usually for money
Song, movie etc. that is successful
When someone strikes someone or something
Time when a player makes contact with the ball
Time when a website is accessed
verb
To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
To press something, such as a button or switch
To suddenly realize the importance of something
To move your hand, a bat, etc. against with force
To fight, attack or damage something or someone
To arrive at a specific place, level, or goal
To make contact with the ball in a game or sport

onwards

US / ˈɒnwədz /

•

UK / ˈɑ:nwərdz /

adverb
Moving toward a future (often better) time/place

tell

US / tel /

•

UK / tɛl /

verb
To (strongly) advise a person to do something
To be able to guess
To say or communicate information to someone
To inform, but without speaking; indicate
To have a negative effect on someone
To order someone to do something; command
To recognize something based on certain signs
To report something to an authority
To explain something or teach someone something

stay

US / steɪ /

•

UK / ste /

noun
Legal order to stop or delay an action
Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
verb
To keep trying without giving up
To remain in the same place and not move away
To spend time visiting a place or someone's home

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

careful

US / ˈkeəfl /

•

UK / ˈkerfl /

adjecitve
Trying not to make mistakes; working slowly

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

without

US / wɪˈðaʊt /

•

UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /

preposition
Not with; not having

transfer

US / træns'fɜ:(r) /

•

UK / trænsˈfɚ /

noun
Moving to a different place, job, or school
Act of giving the right to a property to another
Picture that is pressed to copy it onto something
Use of ideas or skills in a different situation
Ticket allowing you to get on another plane, bus
verb
To move to a different place, job or school
To give someone an illness through contact
To give someone your right to a property
To move something from one place to another
To use ideas or skills in a different situation
To get off a plane, bus etc. and get on another

complete

US / kəm'pli:t /

•

UK / kəmˈplit /

adjecitve
Being finished; done; achieved
Being as perfect and as total as could be
verb
To finish or reach the end of doing something

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

braid

US / breɪd /

•

UK / breɪd /

noun
Hair separated into 3 strands laid over each other

enjoy

US / ɪnˈdʒɔɪ /

•

UK / ɛnˈdʒɔɪ /

verb
To take pleasure in something

foot

US / fʊt /

•

UK / fʊt /

noun
Base of something such as a mountain or vase
Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

often

US / ˈɔfən /

•

UK / ˈɔfən,ˈɑfən,ˈɔftən,ˈɑf- /

adverb
Many times; frequently; on many occasions

repeat

US / rɪˈpi:t /

•

UK / rɪˈpit /

noun
Action that is done again
Musical passage that is to be played again
Radio or television program that was shown before
verb
To do something over again
To say something you have learned and memorized
To relate something you have been told by another
To say something again

slightly

US / ˈslaɪtli /

•

UK / ˈslaɪtli /

adverb
Only a little

wear

US / weə(r) /

•

UK / wer /

noun
Clothing designed for a purpose e.g. skiing
Damage from continual use over a long period
verb
To have clothes, glasses, shoes etc. on your body
To display an expression or emotion on the face
To become weaker or damaged from continued use

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

process

US / prə'ses /

•

UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /

noun
Dealing with official forms in the way required
Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
verb
To organize and use data in a computer
To deal with official forms in the way required
To prepare by treating something in a certain way
To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
To convert by putting something through a machine

plate

US / pleɪt /

•

UK / plet /

noun
Flat dish used for eating or serving food
Smooth, thin piece of metal applied in a layer
Small, flat piece of metal with information on it
verb
To put a layer of metal on something to protect it

locker

US / ˈlɒkə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlɑ:kə(r) /

noun
Cupboard with a lock to keep your possessions

tech

US / tek /

•

UK / tɛk /

noun
Shortened form of 'technology' or 'technician'

shim

US / ʃɪm /

•

UK / ʃɪm /

noun
Thin wedge of material (wood or metal or stone) for driving into crevices

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

torquing

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
A force that tends to cause rotation.
variant spelling of torc
verb
Apply torque or a twisting force to (an object)

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

hundred

US / 'hʌndrəd /

•

UK / ˈhʌndrɪd /

number
100

model

US / ˈmɒdl /

•

UK / ˈmɑ:dl /

adjecitve
Being an excellent example of
noun
Person who wears fashion to show it to the public
A small scale copy of a full original
verb
To wear and display clothes at a fashion show
To make a small scale copy of a full original

properly

US / ˈprɔpəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɑːpərli /

adverb
In an appropriate or correct manner

protect

US / prə'tekt /

•

UK / prəˈtɛkt /

verb
To defend someone or something from harm or danger

upgrade

US / ˌʌpˈgreɪd /

•

UK / ˈʌpˌɡred /

noun
Updated or better version of something
verb
To improve something in terms of quality

tyre

US / 'taɪə(r) /

•

UK / taɪr /

noun
Rubber rings around wheels on cars and trucks

gear

US / ɡɪə(r) /

•

UK / ɡɪr /

noun
A speed selector connected to an engine
Special clothes you use for a purpose
Toothed wheel shifting power from engine to wheels
verb
To aim at or prepare yourself for something

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

resistant

US / rɪˈzɪstənt /

•

UK / rɪˈzɪstənt /

adjecitve
Not affected by something
Being opposed to or wanting to prevent something

remember

US / rɪ'membə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈmɛmbɚ /

verb
To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
To hold a thought in your mind to not forget it
To bring a previous image or idea to your mind

beforehand

US / bɪˈfɔ:hænd /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔ:rhænd /

adverb
In advance; before a specific event happens

increase

US / ɪn'kri:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈkris /

noun
Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
verb
To make or become larger in size or amount

fashion

US / 'fæʃn /

•

UK / ˈfæʃən /

noun
Style of dress or activity popular at some time
Industry that creates new styles of clothes
Way of behaving; manner
Trend that is popular at a given time
Way of doing something; manner
verb
To make things into a particular shape

notice

US / 'nəʊtɪs /

•

UK / ˈnotɪs /

noun
Time by when you must leave, e.g. if you are fired
Paper with an announcement, e.g. pinned to a board
verb
To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing

bear

US / bɛː /

•

UK / bɛr /

noun
Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
Someone who expects stock market to fall
verb
To accept (responsibilities or duties)
To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
To accept or suffer the weight of difficulties
To keep moving left or right while going forward
To show (sign of something)
To support the weight of something, e.g. a bridge

mind

US / maɪnd /

•

UK / maɪnd /

noun
One's opinion or way of thinking about something
Part of humans that allows us to think or feel
verb
To be bothered or upset by something
To take care of someone e.g. as a bodyguard

US / nekst /

•

UK / nɛkst /

adverb
The one that follows another in time or order
At a time or place directly after the present one
noun
The one that follows after
adjecitve
Immediately after the previous one
First occurrence after the present one

rinse

US / rɪns /

•

UK / rɪns /

noun
Washing off small amount of dirt, soap suds, etc.
A form of shampoo or conditioner
A light wash
verb
To wash off small amounts of dirt, soap suds, etc.
To wash lightly

car

US / kɑ:(r) /

•

UK / kɑr /

noun
A vehicle with wheels and engine to carry people

pad

US / pæd /

•

UK / pæd /

noun
Object that is thin, flat, and usually soft
Soft section on the bottom of some animals' feet
Set of sheets of paper that are glued together
verb
To put soft material in to provide comfort
To take money dishonestly by adding extra charges
To walk quietly

low

US / ləʊ /

•

UK / lo /

adjecitve
Having a small quantity, supply, or amount
Being unhappy or unpleasant in attitude
Not high; being near the ground, or bottom
(Of a voice, sound) being soft; quiet
noun
Situation of not having a lot of something

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

happy

US / ˈhæpi /

•

UK / ˈhæpi /

adjecitve
Feeling pleasure or joy; glad

pro

US / prəʊ /

•

UK / proʊ /

noun
Reason given in support of something
Someone experienced and very good at something
Playing a golf, tennis etc. as a job

ready

US / 'redɪ /

•

UK / ˈrɛdi /

adjecitve
Being likely or about to do something
Being willing to do a task
verb
To prepare something for use or action

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

australian

US / ɒˈstreɪliən /

•

UK / ɔˈstreljən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Australia
noun
People from Australia

alright

US / ɔ:lˈraɪt /

•

UK / ɔlˈraɪt /

adjecitve
OK; fine; good

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

fade

US / feɪd /

•

UK / fed /

verb
To cause to lose brightness of color
To lose strength or freshness

leak

US / li:k /

•

UK / lik /

noun
Act of (gas, liquid) escaping through a small hole
Information released that wasn't supposed to be
verb
(Of a tire) to have air, liquid escaping; (Of air)
To make secret information public
(Liquid) to go out of/get in through crack/opening

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

open

US / 'əʊpən /

•

UK / ˈopən /

adjecitve
Available for use; accessible
Not being hidden; available for others to see
Being available for customers to enter or use
Allowing everyone to use or take part in
Not secret anymore
Not closed or shut
Willing to accept new ideas and thoughts
noun
Name for a tennis or golf competition
verb
To make accessible or able to be used, e.g. road
To start the activities or services of a business
To make a space or hole appear in something
To move or change so that it is no longer closed
To start something, e.g. a new business

perfect

US / 'pɜ:fɪkt /

•

UK / ˈpɚfɪkt /

adjecitve
So good it cannot be improved
verb
To do something so well, it cannot be done better

phone

US / fəʊn /

•

UK / foʊn /

noun
Machine used to talk to someone who is far away
verb
To talk to someone using a telephone

love

US / lʌv /

•

UK / lʌv /

noun
Person's name
A very strong feeling of affection
The person you care very deeply about
Strong, deep emotional and sexual attraction
verb
To care for and like someone very strongly, deeply
To like doing very much; enjoy greatly
To feel a strong emotional and romantic attraction

pull

US / pʊl /

•

UK / pʊl /

noun
Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
Force something has that draws other things to it
Using your hands to move something to you
verb
To breathe in smoke, as from a pipe
To hold something and move it toward you
To remove something by force

power

US / 'paʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

noun
Legal or official right to perform certain actions
Ability to move forcefully and quickly
Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
Mathematical way to multiply a number
Condition of being in political control
Physical force, energy, and strength
verb
To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
To move something forcefully and quickly

strength

US / streŋθ /

•

UK / strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ /

noun
Condition of being strong

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

axle

US / ˈæksl /

•

UK / ˈæksəl /

noun
Pole around which wheels, usually two, can turn

bolt

US / bəʊlt /

•

UK / boʊlt /

noun
Line of electricity in the sky from lightning
Piece of metal for joining two things together
verb
To lock by putting a piece of metal across a door
To run away suddenly; jump into action

cheap

US / tʃi:p /

•

UK / tʃip /

adjecitve
Not costing a lot of money
Having a low quality or value
Not liking to spend money; mean; stingy

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

kind

US / kaɪnd /

•

UK / kaɪnd /

adjecitve
In a caring and helpful manner
friendly and considerate
noun
One type of thing

simply

US / ˈsɪmpli /

•

UK / ˈsɪmpli /

adverb
In an easy or clear manner

slide

US / slaɪd /

•

UK / slaɪd /

noun
Part of machines that slides backward and forward
Reduction in amount, price, quality
Metal or plastic device, used to hold back hair
Piece of glass to view object on using microscope
Action of moving by means of sliding
Sudden unexpected fall of mud or rock down a hill
Small piece of film with a photo on it
A child's play apparatus in a park for sliding
A backless shoe with an open toe
A slip on something wet or slippery
verb
To pass or move smoothly and rapidly into or out
To grow increasingly worse over time
To move smoothly and rapidly over a surface
(Mud or rock) to fall down a hill
To secretly pass something into or out of
To slip on something wet or slippery

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

bad

US / bæd /

•

UK / bæd /

adjecitve
Not good; wrong
Lacking in good morals; evil
No longer fresh; spoiled

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

crack

US / kræk /

•

UK / kræk /

noun
Attempt to achieve a goal or objective
Unexpected and hard hit to the body
Joke or impolite comment about something
Sound that is short, unexpected and loud
Small gap between two things or parts of things
verb
To attempt to achieve a goal or objective
To hit someone or something hard and unexpectedly
To tell (a joke)
To solve a challenging problem or mystery
To make a sound that is short, unexpected and loud
To lose control, e.g. under pressure; break down
To break so lines appear, but it is not in pieces

inner

US / ˈɪnə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɪnɚ /

adjecitve
Concerning the inside part of something

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

outside

US / ˌaʊtˈsaɪd /

•

UK / aʊtˈsaɪd, ˈaʊtˌsaɪd /

adverb
Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing
noun
Area around or near something, such as a building
preposition
Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing

ones

US / wʌnz /

•

UK / wʌnz /

number
Number 1, a single person or thing

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

socket

US / 'sɒkɪt /

•

UK / ˈsɑkɪt /

noun
Area into which (e.g. a bone) will fit
Point in the wall to plug in an electrical device

youtube

US / 'ju:tju:b /

•

UK / 'ju:tu:b /

transitive verb
Upload a video of (someone or something) to the video-sharing website YouTube.

wrench

US / rentʃ /

•

UK / rɛntʃ /

noun
Tool for holding/turning objects of varying sizes
verb
To twist, turn, or pull suddenly and forcibly

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

bull

US / bʊl /

•

UK / bʊl /

noun
Large male animal such as a cow or elephant
Nonsense; untrue or foolish statements
verb
To push/force something into a certain direction

fit

US / fɪt /

•

UK / fɪt /

adjecitve
Good looking; physically attractive
Proper or acceptable; morally or socially correct
noun
Sudden loss of body control; attack (of crying)
verb
To install a machine, equipment etc.
To adjust or change to the right size or shape
To be the right size and shape that you want

lead

US / li:d /

•

UK / lid /

adjecitve
Being the main part in movies or plays
noun
Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
Information that could help to solve a crime
Main part in a play or movie
Heavy, gray metal element
Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
Act of being at the front in a race or game
verb
To show the way or guide others
To be at the front of a race or game
To travel in front of; go in advance of others

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

opt

US / ɒpt /

•

UK / ɑ:pt /

verb
To choose one thing rather than other choices

stretch

US / stretʃ /

•

UK / strɛtʃ /

noun
Making arm, leg muscles longer to ease them
A consecutive row of things
A period of time
verb
To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
To make something bigger by pulling on it

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

spacers

US / /

•

UK / /

other
Small piece of metal/plastic used to align objects

handbrake

US / ˈhændbreɪk /

•

UK / ˈhændbreɪk /

noun
Brake of a car operated by hand

follow

US / ˈfɔləu /

•

UK / ˈfɑlo /

verb
To come after someone; be guided by someone
To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
To be the logical result of something
To happen after something else happens
To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
To understand something happening or being said

favourite

US / ˈfeɪvərɪt /

•

UK / 'fevərɪt /

adjecitve
Best liked or most enjoyed
noun
A thing that someone likes best or enjoys most

manner

US / ˈmænə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmænɚ /

noun
The way a person acts, talks, or behaves
Polite and respectful behavior to others
The way that something happens or is done

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

backing

US / ˈbækɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈbækɪŋ /

noun
Supporting another person, often with money
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

half

US / hɑ:f /

•

UK / hæf, hɑf /

adjecitve
Not complete
adverb
Partly; somewhat
noun
One of two equal periods of game time in a sport
The part you get when one is divided into two;

manual

US / ˈmænjuəl /

•

UK / ˈmænjuəl /

adjecitve
Done by hand (not machine)
(Of a car) using individual gears ( not automatic)
noun
Book explaining how to use a machine

strip

US / strɪp /

•

UK / strɪp /

noun
Long narrow piece, such as ribbon or land
verb
To remove your clothes (often sexily for someone)
To remove something, e.g. paint from a wall
To take property, dignity away from (someone)

Subtitles section

Now, we all love putting accessories on our four-wheel drives, from big tyres, bull bars, rooftop tents, but we often forget about one thing.

The part of the car that's going to make us stop.

Here's my current brakes giving it everything they've got.

And again at 80 k's.

As you can see, they're not great.

Just check out the heat off these rotors.

If I had bigger rotors, they could dissipate heat way better, leading to less brake fade and increased stopping power.

Being able to pull up this near three-tonne 80 Series a whole lot quicker.

And how are we going to do that?

Well, this isn't your standard 80 Series brake upgrade.

My 80 Series is a 1991 model, which means it came out on the smaller brakes, unlike its 1992 Onwards family.

This meant I could run smaller 15-inch rims, but it also meant this car didn't like the stop.

So today, we are changing everything.

We are upgrading all the brakes, the rotors, the calipers, the pads, along with all new braided brake lines.

We are also replacing the rear brakes with new discs and pads and a fresh set of wheel bearings.

And while this modification might not seem like the most exciting thing you can do to your four-wheel drive, I reckon upgrading the brakes is going to be one of the best things I can do to this vehicle.

And just like everything, this story starts in our shed.

So where do we start?

So you might remember I did do a front-end rebuild on this not long ago, so I've done all the wheel bearings and all that, so they're all pretty fresh.

But we are going to have to tear down this hub assembly to get the rotor off.

So let's go strip it down and see what we're dealing with.

So now with the hub off, we've got our rotor.

So obviously, part of this brake upgrade, we are putting on bigger rotors.

These are rotors from Protex.

These are from a 1992 Onwards Land Cruiser.

So if you can see there, the size difference is pretty big.

So being a bigger rotor, they're going to be able to stop the car heat better, they're going to dissipate heat way better, and they're going to be able to fit on a bigger caliper.

So we're going on bigger calipers from a later model 80 series.

So yeah, we'll go ahead, get the hub on this new rotor, get it back on the car.

All right, and since we're putting on a bigger rotor, we need to change out these backing plates.

So these are here, obviously, to protect the rotor from, you know, stones or water, all that stuff.

But a lot of people don't actually like running them because they reckon they catch mud and stuff, but I've never had that issue.

And I want to put them back on not only for, you know, the protection reason, but they actually space out, they're a part of the spacing, which spaces out the whole hub assembly.

So you can buy spacers online, or you could cut these down yourself to make them fit.

But I kind of wanted a, you know, nicer option.

So I've actually opted for genuine Toyota backing plates from a later model 80 series.

Now, people want a lot of money for these secondhand.

So I went to the wreck, like the wreck is, and they wanted like ridiculous amounts of money because they want to keep these whole assemblies together.

They don't want to just take off one little backing plate and give it to you.

So it was actually cheaper for me to buy brand new ones from my favorite site, Partsuk, and get them shipped over.

So I got these for, I think I paid just over $50 each, Australian, for each one.

So it was a hundred bucks to get backing plates, which is a lot of money for what they are, really.

But I just, you know, since I was doing everything else properly, I just like wanted to get them and make it nice.

So we're going to take off this dust seal here, take off the backing plate and put the new Toyota one on.

Every time you do a job like this, you get a little bit better at it.

And being my second time pulling apart the front end, you begin to pick up different tricks from tools to techniques that all help to make the job a lot easier.

Now I bought all new gaskets for all these seals, but I'm not actually using them.

And that's because I'm going to be pulling this back apart in probably a matter of weeks.

I'm hoping to put a front locker in.

So I've actually just used some gaskets, some liquid gasket, just because I'm not going to be going off road or going through river crossings in that three weeks anyway.

And say putting it all back together, then having to throw away these perfect gaskets, pretty much peel them back off again.

I'm going to save these and I'll put them on when I put the locker in.

As well as a new dust seal, because that is my old dust seal, but I am reusing it now just for the time being.

And then re-grease the stub axle and I can put the hub back together.

It really takes you back to the swivel hub days without all the work.

And it just like stays on too, like you just give it a little hit with a mullet and it's like, that's it.

It don't come off.

Then it's important to give the rotors a good wipe to get all the grease and grime off.

And along with the new rotors, we've got some new brake calipers to go on as well from Pro Tech.

So these are double piston calipers.

They're actually a bit bigger than my factory ones, obviously to suit the larger rotor.

And along with that, we've got braided brake lines to go on, which is awesome.

So we'll get these on and I'll show you the size difference between the new caliper and the old one.

I was really excited to get the new calipers on because looking at the old ones, I could tell these hadn't been touched in a long time.

And to go along with the new calipers, we've got Pro Tech's ultra four wheel drive brake pads.

Now, a lot of people when they're doing this brake upgrade, they'll actually go ahead and put a hundred series brake pads in.

That's because on the hundred series, the brake pad is actually slightly thicker.

So people reckon they get a lot more time out of them than a standard 80 series pad.

But because they are thicker, they're really hard to get into the caliper.

You can't put in like the anti-squeal shims or anything because they just simply won't fit.

So they're a bit of a squeeze to get in.

So instead, I'm just going with the 80 series brake pad and that should fit in, no worries.

All right, so now we're installing some new brake lines because as much as these are all currently okay, they are slowly wearing out, they haven't been changed.

So I decided to get some new ones.

These are from Pro Tech.

These are their braided brake lines.

So these are actually a bit extended to suit my two inch lift.

So that's why they're a bit longer.

We've also got ones just from the brake back to the axle there as well.

So the reason why you'd choose a braided brake line over your standard factory rubber brake lines.

One, these are obviously more resistant to wear and tear, especially if you're driving this off-road through scrub.

Punches for rubber brake lines are common and do happen.

So having braided, you have a bit more toughness that you're less likely to get leaks, cracks, wear and tear like that.

Secondly, they don't swell under heat and pressure like rubber can, especially when you start doing longer distance hosing for a big lift.

That's something you want to keep in mind.

They are a little bit more expensive than your standard rubber hosing, but if you are redoing them all, especially on a vehicle this old and for what it's going to be doing, I think braided is a good option.

All right, so the front is all back together and all looking schmicko.

So now we're ready to go ahead to the rear because the rear, we still got to replace the brakes and we got to do the bearing.

So let's go into that and then we can get the car back off the hoist and test it and see what improvements have been made.

And now because I'm stripping it down to the bearings, I'm going to drop the diff oil.

Oh yeah, out she comes.

This was actually my first time doing the rear wheel bearings in this car.

And while it might sound like a daunting task, there's actually not much to it.

All right, now with the hub stripped down and our old bearings and races removed, we can install our new ones.

So I've got a kit here from Terrain Tamer, WBK3 wheel bearing kit.

And I've also got genuine Toyota inner axle seals for the rear.

So they'll go in, new bearing, new races go in and yeah, we should have this thing back together pretty fast.

Get our new rotor, new rotor on and yeah, looking good.

Now previous to this, I had done my front wheel bearings.

This wasn't a complete alien task to me, but I still found it really useful to follow a YouTube tutorial just to keep me on the right track.

And the videos from second gear low are second to none.

So definitely check out his channel if you're looking for some help.

I replaced my axle seal, reassembled the hub and slid it back on the stub axle.

We could then install our new Protech slotted brake discs, which were the same size as our previous brake discs.

Now that the hub was back together, we need to set the preload on the bearings.

This requires a special service tool from Toyota, which we didn't have.

So in Aussie Arvo's fashion, we fabricated one.

Using bits and bobs from the shed, it wasn't long until we fabricated our own special service tool, Aussie Arvo style.

With a half inch socket welded on the end, we could attach a torque wrench and set the bearing preload to spec.

We could then reassemble the rest of the hub, check our wheel bearings had seated correctly, put on our gaskets from our Terrain Tamer wheel bearing kit, and then finally put the axle back in the car.

We could then install our new braided brake lines for our rear disc calipers and install our new brake pads.

And then rinse and repeat for the other side.

It's also really handy to have the factory service manual on your phone so you can check all the torque specs when it comes to torquing up your bolts.

A quick tyre rotation and handbrake adjustment and it was done.

It was ready to go back on the road.

So now the new brakes are on the car, the first thing we've got to do is bed the brakes in.

The worst thing you could possibly do is get brand new brakes and then drive and slam on the brakes instantly.

You've got to wear them in evenly, creating a smooth and even layer between the brake pad and the rotor.

Now it's really important that you do this because this is going to help improve your braking performance and help your pads and rotors last longer.

Alright so how are we going to do this?

Well first we've got to find an open stretch of road because we want to be doing this in a repeatable manner where we can go from say 80 to 100 k's down to around 15 km per hour.

Now we don't want to do any hard stops, we don't want to come to a complete stop because that's not good for the bedding in process.

All we're doing is first getting the brakes up to temperature and then we're going to control brake them in in order to get this even wear across our pads and rotors.

Now I'm going to do this about 10 times and it's really important that you do take the effort to do this because it's getting the most out of your brakes and rotors and ensuring they're going to last the longest.

It's

Feeling better already.

And once I'd bedded in the brakes we could finally brake test them and compare them to our old factory brakes.

The

Brakes were in fact that strong that if I wasn't careful they could actually lock up the front wheels entirely.

Just have a look at this footage, beforehand my foot flat to the floor I could not get the wheels to stop.

But with the new brakes if I push hard to the floor these wheels will literally stop in their tracks.

And this is because my early model 80 series doesn't have ABS brakes so it is something to be careful with.

But it goes to show the braking strength I now have with these Protex brakes and those bigger rotors.

Now looking at the temperatures we can see that the larger discs remain cooler.

It's hard to have a perfect side by side measurement due to environmental factors but if we compare the hub temperature we can see even when the car is working harder the larger discs are staying cooler.

Allowing the kinetic rolling energy to be transferred into heat and thus slowing the car down.

Well I'm pretty happy with those results.

As much as it was a lot of work pulling off all the rotors and brakes you know you can't notice any difference from the outside but when you're driving the car you do notice how much better this thing pulls up.

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