Sumo Wrestling | National Geographic
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
opportunity
US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /
•UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /
- noun
- Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
sport
US / spɔ:t /
•UK / spɔː(r)t /
- noun
- Something that is done for fun, e.g. football
- Game or physical exercise with rules
- Someone with a good attitude when things go badly
- verb
- To do something for fun, e.g. playing with animals
- To wear, or show something off by wearing it
experience
US / ɪk'spɪərɪəns /
•UK / ɪkˈspɪriəns /
- noun
- Thing a person has done or that happened to them
- An event at which you learned something
- Knowledge gained by living life, doing new things
- verb
- To gain knowledge by doing things
surprising
US / səˈpraɪzɪŋ /
•UK / sərˈpraɪzɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Making you feel a bit shocked because unexpected
- verb
- To do something that another person didn't expect
belong
US / bɪ'lɒŋ /
•UK / bɪˈlɔŋ /
- verb
- To be a welcomed as a new member of a group
- To own something
- To be in the right place or situation
appease
US / əˈpi:z /
•UK / əˈpiz /
- verb
- To give in to someone's demands to avoid conflict
champion
US / 'tʃæmpɪən /
•UK / 'tʃæmpɪən /
- noun
- Person who fights for or supports strongly
- verb
- To support or fight for something you believe in
size
US / saɪz /
•UK / saɪz /
- noun
- How big or small a thing is
- Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
- verb
- To make something to fit a particular measurement
- To organize or group from small to large
enter
US / 'entə(r) /
•UK / ˈɛntɚ /
- verb
- To start a career or an education
- To become a competitor in a contest
- To add or type information in a computer
- To go into a room, building etc.
sheer
US / ʃɪə(r) /
•UK / ʃɪr /
- adjecitve
- (Of luck/stupidity) very complete or absolute
- (Of fabric) very fine or thin; see-through
- adverb
- Straight up and down; steeply
- verb
- To suddenly turn or change direction
bean
US / bi:n /
•UK / bin /
- noun
- Large seed eaten as a vegetable
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
advantageous
US / ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs /
•UK / ˌædvænˈtedʒəs, -vən- /
- adjecitve
- Being likely to benefit a person
usually
US / ˈju:ʒuəli /
•UK / ˈjuːʒuəli /
- adverb
- Normally; regularly
about
US / ə'baʊt /
•UK / əˈbaʊt /
- adverb
- To be ready to; going to
- Nearly; approximately; roughly
- Near; next to; close to
- In every direction; in the area of
- preposition
- Concerning or of (a topic)
like
US / laɪk /
•UK / laɪk /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in status or kind to something else
- Similar; the same
- adverb
- For example
- preposition
- Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
- In a way similar to the way something is done
- Such as; for example
- verb
- To want to
- To find something pleasing; to prefer something
nabe
US / /
•UK / /
- noun
- A neighborhood.
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
egg
US / eg /
•UK / ɛɡ /
- noun
- Hard-shelled thing from which a young bird is born
include
US / ɪnˈklu:d /
•UK / ɪnˈklud /
- verb
- To make someone, something part of a group
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
sumo
US / ˈsu:məʊ /
•UK / ˈsu:moʊ /
- noun
- Japanese form of wrestling
garb
US / gɑ:b /
•UK / gɑ:rb /
- noun
- Distinct clothing style showing group affiliation
sprout
US / spraʊt /
•UK / spraʊt /
- noun
- New part of a plant that has just begun to grow
- verb
- To grow, produce, or develop e.g. ideas
- (Of plants) to start to grow or produce leaves
each
US / i:tʃ /
•UK / itʃ /
- determiner
- Every one of two or more things
- pronoun
- Per one person or thing
opponent
US / əˈpəʊnənt /
•UK / əˈponənt /
- noun
- Person who opposes an idea or plan; enemy
- Person that you are competing against in a game
window
US / ˈwɪndəʊ /
•UK / ˈwɪndoʊ /
- noun
- Opening in a wall or door to let in light
- Opening in a wall through which people do business
system
US / 'sɪstəm /
•UK / ˈsɪstəm /
- adjecitve
- Working in an organized, logical way
- noun
- Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
japanese
US / ˌdʒæpəˈniːz /
•UK / ˌdʒæpəˈniːz /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of Japan
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
rank
US / ræŋk /
•UK / ræŋk /
- adjecitve
- Complete and total; very obvious
- Growing out of control
- (Of a smell) very bad; pungent; stinking
- noun
- Group of people with a certain level of status
- Level or position, as in society/sport competition
- A place for taxis to wait for customers
- Row in which people stand side by side, as in army
- verb
- To rate or class things
- To assign a level or status, as of importance, to
- To put items into a sequence, e.g. of importance
religion
US / rɪˈlɪdʒən /
•UK / rɪˈlɪdʒən /
- noun
- Organized set of beliefs about a god or gods
- Belief in God or gods that governs people's lives
time
US / taɪm /
•UK / taɪm /
- noun
- Speed at which music is played; tempo
- Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
- Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
- Occasion when something happens
- Period or occasion that something occurred
- Period in history or the past
- Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
- How long an event takes; duration
- verb
- To check speed at which music is performed
- To choose a specific moment to do something
- To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
- To schedule something to occur at a specific moment
wrestler
US / ˈreslə(r) /
•UK / ˈrɛslɚ /
- noun
- Fighter holding parts of their opponents body
mentor
US / 'mentɔ:(r) /
•UK / 'mentɔ:r /
- noun
- Experienced or wise person who advises others
- verb
- To act as an advisor or teacher to someone
bulk
US / bʌlk /
•UK / bʌlk /
- noun
- Most of something; majority of
- Big size; largeness; heaviness
distinguished
US / dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt /
•UK / dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt /
- adjecitve
- (Of a person) well-known and highly respected
- verb
- To make something clearly different from others
placement
US / ˈpleɪsmənt /
•UK / ˈpleɪsmənt /
- noun
- Act of putting something in a place or position
spirit
US / 'spɪrɪt /
•UK / ˈspɪrɪt /
- noun
- Person's strong determination or attitude
- Unique qualities of person, place, or time
- Part of a person thought to be moved by religion
- Appearance or sense of a dead person
- verb
- To take someone away as if by magic
waist
US / weɪst /
•UK / west /
- noun
- Narrower part of your body between hips and chest
- The top part of trousers or a skirt
stable
US / 'steɪbl /
•UK / ˈstebəl /
- adjecitve
- In a position where something does not fall over
- Having a chemical state that is not easily changed
- Reacting in an even way; having good mental health
- In good condition, and not likely to deteriorate
- noun
- Group of racing horses that belong to one owner
- verb
- To put horses in a stable
traditional
US / trəˈdɪʃənl /
•UK / trəˈdɪʃənəl /
- adjecitve
- Involved in a custom or event common to a people
fan
US / fæn /
•UK / fæn /
- noun
- Thing you wave in front of your face to stay cool
- Someone who admires a famous person, sport etc.
- verb
- To blow air upon a fire to make it stronger
- To use a device to cool yourself, something
highly
US / ˈhaɪli /
•UK / 'haɪlɪ /
- adverb
- In a manner that shows approval
- More than usual; to a great degree
ritualize
US / ˈrɪtʃuəlaɪz /
•UK / ˈrɪtʃuəlaɪz /
- other
- Make or evolve into a ritual
stew
US / stju: /
•UK / stu, stju /
- noun
- Type of dish mixing meat, vegetables, and gravy
- verb
- To cook meat or vegetables in hot water
evil
US / 'i:vl /
•UK / ˈivəl /
- adjecitve
- Morally bad; causing harm to people
- noun
- Act considered morally bad
- Value, condition, or conduct that causes suffering
before
US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /
•UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /
- adverb
- At a time earlier than the present; previously
- conjunction
- In advance of something happening
- preposition
- In front of someone or something
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
presence
US / ˈprezns /
•UK / ˈprɛzəns /
- noun
- The same place or area that a person is
- Ability to reach a market, group of people etc.
- Something not physically seen but felt to be there
- Feeling a person gives by being noticeable
salt
US / sɔ:lt /
•UK / sɔlt /
- adjecitve
- Being preserved or seasoned with salt
- noun
- Natural white crystal used to flavor food
- verb
- To add salt to food in order to improve its taste
- To add salt to ice in order to melt it
- To preserve food by adding salt
six
US / sɪks /
•UK / sɪks /
- number
- 6
wear
US / weə(r) /
•UK / wer /
- noun
- Clothing designed for a purpose e.g. skiing
- Damage from continual use over a long period
- verb
- To have clothes, glasses, shoes etc. on your body
- To display an expression or emotion on the face
- To become weaker or damaged from continued use
era
US / 'ɪərə /
•UK / 'ɪrə /
- noun
- Period characterized by particular events, people
meat
US / mi:t /
•UK / mit /
- noun
- Flesh of a dead animal that you eat
- Something that is important or significant
giant
US / 'dʒaɪənt /
•UK / ˈdʒaɪənt /
- adjecitve
- Very large, or much bigger than other things
- noun
- Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
- Very successful, powerful person or organization
less
US / les /
•UK / lɛs /
- adjecitve
- Smaller in amount or degree
- adverb
- To a smaller degree
- noun
- A smaller amount
- preposition
- With the subtraction of
fine
US / faɪn /
•UK / faɪn /
- adjecitve
- Good, acceptable or satisfactory
- Of high quality; made with great skill
- In a careful or exact manner; into small pieces
- Being of high quality
- Good; okay; no problem
- (Of weather) good; not raining
- noun
- Money you have to pay because you broke a rule
- verb
- To pay money because you broke a law
shinto
US / ˈʃɪntəʊ /
•UK / ˈʃɪntoʊ /
- noun
- Concerning or characteristic of Shintoism
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
colorful
US / 'kʌləfəl /
•UK / 'kʌləfəl /
- adjecitve
- Being exciting or interesting; lively
- Having a lot of color or colors
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
sully
US / 'sʌlɪ /
•UK / ˈsʌli /
- verb
- To make dirty; soil or tarnish
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
tradition
US / trəˈdɪʃn /
•UK / trəˈdɪʃən /
- noun
- An event, custom or way common to a people or race
- Way of thinking or behaving used for a long time
feast
US / fi:st /
•UK / fist /
- noun
- Religious celebration
- Special meal with large amounts of food and drink
- verb
- To eat a large special meal often in celebration
into
US / 'ɪntə /
•UK / ˈɪntu /
- preposition
- Moving or going inside something
- In the same direction as; in the direction of
- So as to become; taking the state of
other
US / 'ʌðə(r) /
•UK / ˈʌðər /
- adjecitve
- A thing different from that mentioned
- determiner
- (Something) else; not the first (one)
- pronoun
- Being the one and only thing of that category
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
girth
US / gɜ:θ /
•UK / gɜ:rθ /
- noun
- Measurement around the middle, e.g. of a horse
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
grand
US / ɡrænd /
•UK / ɡrænd /
- adjecitve
- A counter for 1000 of something
- Great in amount, number or size
- Being highest in status or rank; impressive
cabbage
US / ˈkæbɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈkæbɪdʒ /
- noun
- Round green vegetable with tightly packed leaves
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
heart
US / hɑ:t /
•UK / hɑrt /
- noun
- A feeling of care for others; compassion
- Courage, confidence, and emotional strength
- Be cheerfully encouraging
- Most essential, important, or central part
- Referring to a promise or something important
- State or feelings of affection or deep love
- Core part of a vegetable, e.g. a lettuce
- The part of the body that pumps blood
- Place where emotions are believed to be felt
- A shape that represents love
move
US / mu:v /
•UK / muv /
- noun
- Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
- An action; doing something
- Step taken to achieve a goal
- verb
- To cause someone to have certain emotions
- To cause something to change to a different place
- To change where people live or a business operates
- To take action to do or achieve something
rite
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- noun
- Act that is part of a religious ceremony
their
US / ðɛː /
•UK / ðer /
- determiner
- Belonging to them
top
US / tɒp /
•UK / tɑp /
- adjecitve
- Being good or great; excellent
- Being the most in degree or quality
- noun
- Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
- A cover or lid
- Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
- Highest or upper part or point of something
- Best or highest status or position
- Flat upper surface or edge of an object
- Child's toy that spins on its point
- Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
- Winning in a sport or contest
- verb
- To be higher or larger than a specific value
- To arrive at the highest point of something
- To put a cover or layer or over something
- To kill; murder
- To hold the highest position on a list
- To be more important, successful or better than
- To beat someone or win at a game
simple
US / 'sɪmpl /
•UK / ˈsɪmpəl /
- adjecitve
- Not hard to understand or do; not complex
- Having only a few parts; not complex
- Being ordinary or normal
- Being plain; without a lot added for style
slam
US / slæm /
•UK / slæm /
- noun
- Act or sound of closing a door, etc. violently
- verb
- To criticize sharply
- To shut with a lot of force, making a loud noise
originate
US / ə'rɪdʒɪneɪt /
•UK / əˈrɪdʒəˌnet /
- verb
- To first come into existence
- To create or start something
club
US / klʌb /
•UK / klʌb /
- noun
- Group of people who share an interest, as in sport
- Place where people go to listen to music and dance
- Long stick used for hitting things, as in golf
- verb
- To be grouped with others
- To hit hard with a thick and heavy stick, weapon
point
US / pɔɪnt /
•UK / pɔɪnt /
- noun
- An item to be discussed
- Small spot or dot
- Fact or detail
- Feature of something
- The size of the text on a page or screen
- A certain time or stage in a process
- Certain position in time or space
- Idea or fact you try to convince people about
- Measurement of scores in a game, sport
- Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
- verb
- To face a certain direction, e.g. north
- To indicate something with your finger to others
submission
US / səbˈmɪʃn /
•UK / səbˈmɪʃən /
- noun
- Reluctant agreement with the wishes of others
beloved
US / bɪ'lʌvd /
•UK / bɪˈlʌvɪd, -ˈlʌvd /
- adjecitve
- Loved very much
toss
US / tɒs /
•UK / tɔ:s /
- verb
- To throw something into the air, e.g. casually
true
US / tru: /
•UK / tru: /
- adjecitve
- Agreeing with the facts; not false; real or actual
stylize
US / /
•UK / /
- verb
- Represent according to a conventional style
matter
US / 'mætə(r) /
•UK / ˈmætɚ /
- noun
- Material all things are made of that fills space
- Problem or reason for concern
- verb
- To be of great importance; to count
while
US / waɪl /
•UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /
- conjunction
- In spite of the fact that; although
- During the time that; at the same time
- noun
- Short amount of time
diet
US / 'daɪət /
•UK / ˈdaɪɪt /
- noun
- Plan of eating to reduce weight or improve health
- other
- The usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)
- verb
- To eat special or less food, as to lose weight
slap
US / slæp /
•UK / slæp /
- verb
- To hit with the open hand or with a flat object
thousand
US / ˈθaʊznd /
•UK / ˈθaʊzənd /
- number
- Number 1,000
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
back
US / bæk /
•UK / bæk /
- adjecitve
- Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
- adverb
- Have returned to a place you were before
- noun
- The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
- Location at the rear of something
- The reverse of side something
- Area on the rear of your body
- verb
- To bet money on something
- To go backwards in a car
- To support and encourage someone or some cause
stomp
US / stɒmp /
•UK / stɑ:mp /
- noun
- A walk, dance, or movement with heavy steps
- verb
- To walk, dance, or move with heavy steps
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
help
US / help /
•UK / hɛlp /
- noun
- Something given to enable a person to do something
- Assistance given to someone in need
- Someone who makes something easier or possible
- verb
- To act to enable a person to do something; assist
- To make something better or less difficult
match
US / mætʃ /
•UK / mætʃ /
- noun
- Something that is equal to or the same as another
- Small stick you strike to light a fire candle etc.
- A sports competition between two people or teams
- Person or thing that goes well with another
- verb
- To equal or be as good as something else
- To work well or look good with something else
complex
US / 'kɒmpleks /
•UK / kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks /
- adjecitve
- Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
- noun
- Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- Psychological issue regarding self-image
battle
US / 'bætl /
•UK / ˈbætl /
- noun
- Military fight between armies
- Working hard to stop something; struggle
- verb
- To fight or struggle against someone or something
- To work hard to stop something; struggle
large
US / lɑ:dʒ /
•UK / lɑ:rdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat
early
US / ˈɜ:li /
•UK / ˈɜ:rli /
- adjecitve
- Happening or appearing before
- adverb
- Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
- Happening sooner than expected
most
US / məʊst /
•UK / most /
- adverb
- Very; extremely
- Greatest possible degree
- pronoun
- Nearly all of something
lie
US / laɪ /
•UK / lai /
- noun
- An untrue statement, when you know it is not true
- verb
- To be in a horizontal or flat position
- To say something that you know is not true
knock
US / nɒk /
•UK / nɑk /
- noun
- Bad experience that reduces a person's confidence
- Action of something solid hitting something hard
- verb
- To criticize someone in an unreasonable way
- To hit something to get people's attention
- To strike something hard, causing damage
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something