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Odesa: Ukraine's biggest port and a city that would be Russia's greatest prize | ITV News

Video vocabulary

big

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US / bɪɡ /

UK / bɪɡ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Popular
  • Serious
  • Large

proverbial

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US / prəˈvɜ:biəl /

UK / prəˈvɜ:rbiəl /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • As commonly spoken of; well-known

stretch

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US / stretʃ /

UK / strɛtʃ /

A2
  • noun
  • Making arm, leg muscles longer to ease them
  • A consecutive row of things
  • A period of time
  • verb
  • To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
  • To make something bigger by pulling on it

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

regard

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US / rɪ'ɡɑ:d /

UK / rɪˈɡɑrd /

A2
  • noun
  • Admiration or respect for a person or thing
  • verb
  • To think about a person, thing in a particular way
  • To look at a person or thing in a particular way

intense

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US / ɪn'tens /

UK / ɪnˈtɛns /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Very strong, great or extreme in degree

midnight

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US / ˈmɪdnaɪt /

UK / ˈmɪdˌnaɪt /

B1
  • noun
  • 12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

surface

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US / 'sɜ:fɪs /

UK / ˈsɚfəs /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Of the top layer; not deep or meaningful
  • noun
  • Top layer of the ground or of water
  • Nature or emotions that show, but may not be true
  • Outside or upper layer of something
  • verb
  • To give (road) a top layer
  • To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
  • To come to the top of something; emerge
  • To come to the top level of water, mud, etc.

vital

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US / 'vaɪtl /

UK / 'vaɪtl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Needed to support life; essential
  • Full of life; energetic

john

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US / dʒɔn /

UK / dʒɑn /

A1
  • noun
  • A toilet.
  • A prostitute's client.
  • proper noun
  • (1165–1216), son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine; king of England 1199–1216; known as John Lack
  • The name of six kings of Portugal.

one

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US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn /

A1
  • pronoun
  • You; we; people in general; someone
  • The thing or person previously referred to
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to people generally
  • Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
  • number
  • Number 1

power

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US / 'paʊə(r) /

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal or official right to perform certain actions
  • Ability to move forcefully and quickly
  • Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
  • Mathematical way to multiply a number
  • Condition of being in political control
  • Physical force, energy, and strength
  • verb
  • To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
  • To move something forcefully and quickly

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

make

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US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

russian

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US / ˈrʌʃn /

UK / ˈrʌʃn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning the culture and people of Russia
  • noun
  • Person from Russia

also

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US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

empress

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US / 'emprəs /

UK / ˈɛmprɪs /

B2
  • noun
  • Wife of an emperor; woman who rules an empire

irvine

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US / ˈɜːvaɪn /

UK / ˈɜrvaɪn /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A planned city in southwestern California; population 207,500 (est. 2008).

woman

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US / ˈwʊmən /

UK / ˈwʊmən /

A1
  • noun
  • Adult female human being

citizen

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US / 'sɪtɪzn /

UK / ˈsɪtɪzən /

B1
  • noun
  • Person who belongs to and has rights in a country

man

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US / mæn /

UK / mæn /

A1
  • noun
  • Humans in general, including male and female
  • An adult male human being
  • Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
  • verb
  • To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
  • To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)

prestige

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US / preˈsti:ʒ /

UK / prɛˈstiʒ, -ˈstidʒ /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • having or showing success, rank, wealth, etc.
  • noun
  • High respect and status, as from being successful

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

capture

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US / 'kæptʃə(r) /

UK / ˈkæptʃɚ /

B1
  • verb
  • To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
  • To record, tape, or film something
  • To catch and prevent from being free
  • To take control of a place or object by force

side

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US / saɪd /

UK / saɪd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In addition to the central or most important thing
  • Next to, or very close to, the right or left of
  • noun
  • Position or opinion that is opposite to another
  • Right or left part of a person's body
  • Feature of someone's personality
  • Straight edge of an object
  • One of two or more groups fighting each other
  • verb
  • To decide to agree with one point, not the other

ukrainian

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US / ju:'kreɪnɪən /

UK / ju:'kreɪnɪrn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning the culture and people of Ukraine
  • noun
  • Person from Ukraine

age

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US / eɪdʒ /

UK / edʒ /

A1
  • verb
  • To keep food, wine for a long time to improve it
  • To get older
  • noun
  • Period of time in history
  • Number of years a person or thing has lived

should

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US / ʃʊd /

UK / ʃʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

ordinary

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US / 'ɔ:dnrɪ /

UK / ˈɔ:rdneri /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Normal or usual

economy

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US / ɪ'kɒnəmɪ /

UK / ɪˈkɑnəmi /

A1
  • noun
  • Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
  • Total of all goods, services and wages in an area

safe

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US / seɪf /

UK / sef /

A2
  • noun
  • Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
  • adjecitve
  • Highly likely
  • Being out of danger

heavily

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US / ˈhevɪli /

UK / hɛvəli /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a slow, loud manner
  • A lot or to a great degree
  • With great effort or force

already

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US / ɔ:lˈredi /

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

A1
  • adverb
  • Having happened or been done before this time

many

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US / 'menɪ /

UK / ˈmɛni /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer a large number of things

shelter

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US / 'ʃeltə(r) /

UK / ˈʃɛltɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Place to protect people/animals from abuse
  • Structure that covers or protects things
  • State of being protected from danger, bad weather
  • verb
  • To give animals, people a place away from abuse
  • To find protection from danger/bad weather

will

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US / wɪl /

UK / wɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Desire or choice of someone
  • Document saying who gets your money when you die
  • Strong desire to do something; determination
  • Desire to do something; strong wish to do
  • other
  • Used with verbs to express the future
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • Am (is, are) likely to do
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

conquer

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US / 'kɒŋkə(r) /

UK / ˈkɑŋkɚ /

B2
  • verb
  • To take possession of (land, city) with an army
  • To beat something difficult, e.g. a fear; overcome

here

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • adverb
  • In this place; at this location, position or time

bravery

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US / 'breɪvərɪ /

UK / ˈbrevəri, ˈbrevri /

B1
  • noun
  • Quality allowing someone to do courageous things

come

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US / kʌm /

UK / kʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To arrive at a place
  • (Of mail) to be delivered
  • To move toward someone; go with someone
  • To reach a certain point or state

gem

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US / dʒem /

UK / dʒɛm /

B1
  • noun
  • Jewel or precious stone, usually cut into a shape

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

hideout

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US / ˈhaɪdaʊt /

UK / ˈhaɪdˌaʊt /

A1
  • noun
  • Hiding place typically one used by criminals

soldier

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US / 'səʊldʒə(r) /

UK / ˈsoldʒɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Person working in an army to fight

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

large

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US / lɑ:dʒ /

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

meet

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US / mi:t /

UK / mit /

A1
  • noun
  • Sporting competition e.g. swimming
  • verb
  • To provide something that is necessary
  • To come together at a certain time or place

only

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US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

partisan

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US / ˌpɑ:tɪˈzæn /

UK / ˈpɑ:rtəzn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Showing too much support for one person, group
  • noun
  • Resistance fighters in World War II

put

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US / pʊt /

UK / pʊt /

A1
  • phrasal verb
  • to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
  • verb
  • To move or place a thing in a particular position
  • To rate something in importance or value
  • To write or say something in a certain manner

smuggler

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US / ˈsmʌglə(r) /

UK / ˈsmʌɡ(ə)lər /

B1
  • noun
  • One who brings goods/people illegally into a place

train

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US / treɪn /

UK / tren /

A1
  • noun
  • Line of people, animals moving the same direction
  • Vehicle that carries people and runs on rails
  • Long rear section of a (e.g. wedding) dress
  • Series of events happening one after another
  • verb
  • To teach a pet a behavior or a trick
  • To educate someone in something, e.g. medicine
  • To cause a plant to grow a certain way by cutting
  • To point a certain way or toward something
  • To practice to get better at a thing, e.g. sports

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

defender

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US / dɪˈfendə(r) /

UK / dɪˈfɛndɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Fighter who fights against attack

frame

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US / freɪm /

UK / frem /

A2
  • noun
  • Structure that holds a picture or photo
  • A person's body shape determined by their skeleton
  • Main part of structures supporting the other parts
  • verb
  • To make a person that is not guilty appear guilty
  • To put say or write something in a careful way
  • To put a picture in a protective structure

goodbye

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US / ˌɡʊd'baɪ /

UK / ˌɡʊd'baɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you say when you leave someone

picture

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US / 'pɪktʃə(r) /

UK / ˈpɪktʃɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • General situation or state of being
  • Mental image of what something is or looks like
  • Movie; film
  • Painting, drawing or photograph on paper or screen
  • verb
  • To understand or imagine something
  • To imagine someone or something in an image

where

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US / hwɛə /

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1
  • conjunction
  • At or in the place which
  • In whatever place
  • pronoun
  • Word you use to ask the location of something

countryman

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US / ˈkʌntrimən /

UK / ˈkʌntrimən /

C1
  • noun
  • One who comes from the same country as you

separation

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US / ˌsepəˈreɪʃn /

UK / ˌsɛpəˈreʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • A line that separates; a point of parting; a gap
  • State of not live together, but are still married

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

battleground

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US / 'bætlɡraʊnd /

UK / ˈbætlˌɡraʊnd /

C2
  • noun
  • Region where a battle was, or is being fought

refuge

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US / 'refju:dʒ /

UK / ˈrɛfjudʒ /

B2
  • noun
  • Somewhere you can find safety or hide

talisman

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US / ˈtælɪzmən /

UK / ˈtælɪsmən, -ɪz- /

C1
  • noun
  • Object believed to have certain magical properties

who

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US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

background

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US / ˈbækgraʊnd /

UK / ˈbækˌɡraʊnd /

A2
  • noun
  • Images, color, or information behind the main one
  • Someone's personal work and educational history
  • A position not as important as the main event
  • Past events that influence things in the present

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

country

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US / ˈkʌntri /

UK / ˈkʌntri /

A1
  • noun
  • An area of land that is controlled by a government
  • Open land that is away from towns and cities

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

both

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US / bəuθ /

UK / boθ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time
  • pronoun
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

heart

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US / hɑ:t /

UK / hɑrt /

A1
  • noun
  • A feeling of care for others; compassion
  • Courage, confidence, and emotional strength
  • Be cheerfully encouraging
  • Most essential, important, or central part
  • Referring to a promise or something important
  • State or feelings of affection or deep love
  • Core part of a vegetable, e.g. a lettuce
  • The part of the body that pumps blood
  • Place where emotions are believed to be felt
  • A shape that represents love

menfolk

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US / ˈmenfəʊk /

UK / ˈmenfoʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Men collectively, esp the men of a particular family

prize

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US / praɪz /

UK / praɪz /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being an excellent or valuable example of a thing
  • noun
  • Something won in a contest or given as an award
  • Something valuable that many people would like
  • verb
  • To value greatly and consider it important

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

list

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US / lɪst /

UK / lɪst /

A1
  • noun
  • Lean of a boat to one side
  • Series of written names, words or numbers
  • verb
  • To lean to one side, like a boat or ship
  • To present for sale for a specific price
  • To write a series of names, words, or numbers

prove

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US / pru:v /

UK / pruv /

A2
  • verb
  • To demonstrate truth by providing evidence

old

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US / əʊld /

UK / old /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Having existed for a long time, not young or new
  • Age of a person since birth

string

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US / strɪŋ /

UK / strɪŋ /

A2
  • noun
  • A line of connected objects
  • Thick thread; thin rope
  • verb
  • To tie or connect things together with a thread

tunnel

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US / 'tʌnl /

UK / ˈtʌnəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • As if looking in a long hole
  • noun
  • Passage under the ground, often for cars or trains
  • verb
  • To dig a hole from one side to another

first

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US / fɜ:st /

UK / fɚst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
  • noun
  • Something that has not happened before
  • Position of the winner of a competition

hard

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US / hɑ:d /

UK / hɑː(r)d /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Difficult to do; difficult to understand
  • (Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
  • (Of alcohol) strong
  • Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
  • Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
  • Strong
  • (Of edge) clear; sharp
  • Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
  • adverb
  • With lots of force, power, or impact

again

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US / ə'ɡen /

UK / əˈɡɛn /

A1
  • adverb
  • One more time, once more

people

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US / 'pi:pl /

UK / ˈpipəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • Men, Women, Children

second

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US / 'sekənd /

UK / ˈsɛkənd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 2nd; the one following first
  • noun
  • Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
  • Short period of time that you wait for someone
  • (Do) soon

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

carriage

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US / ˈkærɪdʒ /

UK / ˈkærɪdʒ /

B1
  • noun
  • Vehicle on wheels, usually pulled by a horse

find

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US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

great

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US / ɡreɪt /

UK / ɡret /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Very large in size
  • Very important
  • Very good; fantastic; wonderful
  • adverb
  • Very good; better than before
  • noun
  • Successful and well-admired person

labyrinth

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US / 'læbərɪnθ /

UK / ˈlæbəˌrɪnθ /

C1
  • noun
  • Something complex and challenging to understand
  • Complex network of passages where you may get lost

least

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US / li:st /

UK / list /

A1
  • adverb
  • In the smallest or lowest way
  • noun
  • Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

ukraine

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US / ju:'kreɪn /

UK / ju:'kreɪn /

A1
  • other
  • A republic in southeastern Europe; formerly a European soviet; the center of the original Russian st

chamber

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US / 'tʃeɪmbə(r) /

UK / ˈtʃembɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Enclosed space that contains something
  • Large room that is used for official meetings

city

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US / 'sɪtɪ /

UK / ˈsɪti /

A1
  • noun
  • Area with many buildings, roads and people

bomb

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US / bɒm /

UK / bɑm /

B1
  • noun
  • An explosive device
  • verb
  • To attack with explosives
  • To fail or be completely unsuccessful

fight

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US / faɪt /

UK / faɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • An argument or quarrel
  • Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
  • A struggle to do a difficult task
  • verb
  • To argue or quarrel with someone about something
  • To try to hurt someone by hitting them
  • To struggle to do a difficult task

ground

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US / graʊnd /

UK / ɡraʊnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Connection of electrical equipment to earth
  • Place where people play particular sports
  • Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
  • verb
  • To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
  • To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
  • To make sharp or smooth through friction
  • To press together with force making a sound
  • To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
  • To hit the bottom
  • (Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
  • To prevent a plane from taking off
  • To place the ball over the goal line in rugby

beneath

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US / bɪ'ni:θ /

UK / bɪˈniθ /

A2
  • preposition
  • Not worthy of you; not good enough for you
  • Under; In or to a lower position; below

kremlin

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US / 'kremlɪn /

UK / 'kremlɪn /

A1
  • other
  • Citadel of a Russian town
  • Citadel of Moscow, housing the offices of the Russian government

stay

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US / steɪ /

UK / ste /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal order to stop or delay an action
  • Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
  • Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
  • verb
  • To keep trying without giving up
  • To remain in the same place and not move away
  • To spend time visiting a place or someone's home

down

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US / daʊn /

UK / daʊn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being sad, sick, or unhappy
  • Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
  • adverb
  • In a sitting or lying position
  • Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
  • Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
  • noun
  • A period of play in American Football
  • The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
  • preposition
  • Along something's path, course, or direction
  • Going from a higher position to a lower position
  • verb
  • To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

during

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US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

A1
  • preposition
  • At some point in the course of an event or thing

family

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US / 'fæməlɪ /

UK / ˈfæmli /

A1
  • noun
  • Close group of people or organizations
  • A group of people who are related through blood
  • Group of related plants or animals

honor

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US / 'ɒnə(r) /

UK / ˈɑnɚ /

B2
  • noun
  • Award you get for doing well; prize, title, etc.
  • Chance to do something special; privilege
  • Respect given to someone who is admired
  • Good standing a person has in a community
  • verb
  • To fulfill an agreement
  • To give an award to someone
  • To respect someone or something

must

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US / məst /

UK / mʌst /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that is necessary or required
  • other
  • (Used to state that something ought to be true)
  • Used to say something is required or necessary

sea

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US / /

UK / /

A1
  • noun
  • Very large group of people, similar-looking things
  • Large body of salty water with land around it

child

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US / tʃaɪld /

UK / tʃaɪld /

A1
  • noun
  • A very young person, between about 2 and 15

hero

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US / ˈhɪərəʊ /

UK / ˈhɪroʊ /

A2
  • noun
  • Person of great courage/strength who saves others
  • Main male character in a book, play or story

limestone

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US / ˈlaɪmstəʊn /

UK / ˈlaɪmstoʊn /

B2
  • noun
  • Sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium

would

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US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

war

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US / wɔ:(r) /

UK / wɔr /

A2
  • noun
  • Situation where armies fight each other

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

cut

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US / kʌt /

UK / kʌt /

A1
  • noun
  • Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
  • Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
  • A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
  • verb
  • To reduce the size or amount of something
  • To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces

fellow

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US / 'feləʊ /

UK / ˈfɛlo /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being of the same kind
  • noun
  • Man or a boy
  • Student paid to study and teach after college

evacuation

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US / ɪˌvækjʊ'eɪʃn /

UK / ɪˌvækjuˈeʃən /

B2
  • noun
  • Sending to a safer place because of danger

odessa

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US / əʊˈdɛsə /

UK / oʊˈdɛsə /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A city and port on the southern coast of Ukraine, on the Black Sea; population 1,008,600 (est. 2009)
  • A city in southwestern Texas, an oil industry center (with its neighbor Midland) in the Permian Basi

want

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US / wɔnt /

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you desire or wish for
  • State or condition of poverty
  • verb
  • To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

mine

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US / maɪn /

UK / maɪn /

A1
  • noun
  • A bomb hidden in the ground or the sea
  • Rich source of material or information
  • Place under the ground where coal, etc. is dug out
  • pronoun
  • That thing that belongs to me
  • verb
  • To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
  • To dig into the earth or sea to obtain minerals

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

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US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to us

afterwards

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US / 'ɑ:ftəwədz /

UK / 'æftərwərdz /

A2
  • adverb
  • At a time after something else already mentioned

defend

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US / dɪ'fend /

UK / dɪˈfɛnd /

B1
  • verb
  • To protect and explain your position in court
  • To protect against an attack
  • To try to prevent another team from scoring

exploit

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US / ɪk'splɔɪt /

UK / ɪkˈsplɔɪt /

B1
  • noun
  • Personal journey or series of events
  • verb
  • To selfishly take advantage of or treat badly
  • To use something in a very effective manner

pledge

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US / pledʒ /

UK / plɛdʒ /

B2
  • noun
  • A formal promise
  • verb
  • To make a promise; make an oath

such

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US / sʌtʃ /

UK / sʌtʃ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Being similar to
  • (Thing) as previously stated or referred to
  • adverb
  • (Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

black

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US / blæk /

UK / blæk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Color of the sky on a dark night
  • noun
  • A person with dark skin, often of African origin
  • Person's name
  • verb
  • To fill in something to make it a very dark color

romantic

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US / rəʊˈmæntɪk /

UK / roʊˈmæntɪk /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Relating to courtship or love
  • Being impractical, unrealistic, or idealistic
  • Of or involving the ideas or values of romanticism
  • noun
  • People who like love, candlelit dinners, etc.
  • Person living in a fantasy-like world not reality

capitulation

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US / /

UK / /

C1
  • noun
  • Act of surrendering of giving in

just

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US / dʒʌst /

UK / dʒʌst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
  • Doing or being what is right or fair
  • Legally correct; having enough evidence
  • adverb
  • Almost; nearly
  • Exactly at the time of
  • Exactly (the same as, like)

somewhere

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US / 'sʌmweə(r) /

UK / ˈsʌmˌhwɛr, -ˌwɛr /

A1
  • adverb
  • At or to an unknown or unnamed place

alike

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US / əˈlaɪk /

UK / əˈlaɪk /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Similar in appearance, manner or form
  • adverb
  • Equally; applied equally to several people/things

light

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US / laɪt /

UK / laɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being bright making it easy to see; not dark
  • Being pale and lacking darkness of color
  • Not heavy; weighing only a little
  • adverb
  • Carrying few bags when traveling
  • noun
  • A source of energy that makes a room or area bright
  • Way in which something or someone is understood
  • verb
  • To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
  • To provide a way to see ahead

purse

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US / pɜ:s /

UK / pɚs /

A2
  • noun
  • Small bag for carrying money and other things
  • verb
  • To make your lips into a kiss shape

board

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US / bɔ:d /

UK / bɔrd, bord /

A1
  • noun
  • Surface for posting or showing information
  • Group of persons who direct an organization
  • Long piece of material used for riding the waves
  • Long thin piece of wood, used for building; plank
  • verb
  • To enter a ship, plane, or other vehicle
  • To cover with long wooden strips of wood
  • To pay money to live in someone's house; lodge

heartstring

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US / 'hɑ:tstrɪŋ /

UK / 'hɑ:tˌstrɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Used in reference to one's deepest feelings of love or compassion.

music

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US / 'mju:zɪk /

UK / ˈmjuzɪk /

A1
  • noun
  • Sounds that are sung or played to give pleasure
  • Academic study of rhythms and sounds
  • Written symbols that represent musical sounds

window

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US / ˈwɪndəʊ /

UK / ˈwɪndoʊ /

A1
  • noun
  • Opening in a wall or door to let in light
  • Opening in a wall through which people do business

disappointed

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US / ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd /

UK / ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Feeling you did not meet expectations
  • verb
  • To not meet the expectations of others or yourself

highly

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US / ˈhaɪli /

UK / 'haɪlɪ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In a manner that shows approval
  • More than usual; to a great degree

news

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US / nju:z /

UK / nu:z /

A1
  • noun
  • Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
  • Information about recent events

title

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US / 'taɪtl /

UK / ˈtaɪtl /

A2
  • noun
  • Book produced by a publisher
  • Name given to something to identify or describe it
  • Name showing profession, marriage or social status
  • (Legal) the right to own something, e.g. property
  • Position of being the winner in a sport or contest
  • verb
  • To give a name to identify or describe something

ask

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US / ɑ:sk /

UK / æsk /

A1
  • verb
  • To say to someone that you want something

shortage

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US / ˈʃɔ:tɪdʒ /

UK / ˈʃɔ:rtɪdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • A lack of something necessary

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

attacker

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US / əˈtækə(r) /

UK / əˈtækər /

A1
  • noun
  • Someone who attacks

world

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US / wɜ:ld /

UK / wɜrld /

A1
  • noun
  • All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • Political division due to some kind of similarity

foot

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US / fʊt /

UK / fʊt /

A1
  • noun
  • Base of something such as a mountain or vase
  • Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
  • Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

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US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

pearl

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US / pɜ:l /

UK / pɜ:rl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Something shaped like or shines like a pearl
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • Ball formed in oysters used in jewelry
  • Someone, something that is admired, among the best

sadness

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US / ˈsædnəs /

UK / ˈsædnəs /

A2
  • noun
  • Unhappy feeling when something bad happened

station

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US / 'steɪʃn /

UK / ˈsteʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Building, area, place used for a specific reason
  • A person's place in society
  • Place where you can catch a train or a bus
  • Company that broadcasts radio or TV programs
  • verb
  • (Army) to be posted to a place to perform duties
  • To put a person in a certain place or position

town

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US / taʊn /

UK / taʊn /

A1
  • noun
  • Small city
  • Part of city with shops and entertainments

fall

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US / fɔ:l /

UK / fɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
  • A drop in amount; decrease
  • Dropping from a standing position to the ground
  • verb
  • To drop in amount; to decrease
  • To come down from a higher position suddenly
  • To go from standing to the ground, by accident

end

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US / end /

UK / ɛnd /

A1
  • noun
  • The point where a process or activity stops
  • A point that marks the limit of something; finish
  • Goal or desired result
  • The tip, edge or limit of something
  • verb
  • To be the last part of something

tug

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US / tʌg /

UK / tʌɡ /

B1
  • noun
  • Pull at something that is hard or sudden
  • verb
  • To pull (something) hard or suddenly

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

bent

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US / bent /

UK / bɛnt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Become curved or no longer straight
  • verb
  • To become curved or no longer straight
  • To move your body so that it is not straight up
  • To turn in a different direction, as a road
  • To use force to make an object not straight

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

port

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US / pɔ:t /

UK / pɔrt, port /

B1
  • noun
  • City where ships can shelter during a storm
  • Left side of a ship when facing forward
  • Opening in a computer where wires can be connected
  • Sweet wine that is produced in Portugal
  • verb
  • To move data from one computer system to another
  • Subtitles section
  • At Odessa train station, the background music was, of course, a lament.
  • They all wanted to board the midnight train to somewhere safe, but many would be disappointed.
  • Who's from Mykolaiv, asked the soldiers.
  • Only citizens of that battleground town were on their evacuation list.
  • Men of fighting age must stay in Ukraine, so these were fleeing families torn apart by the war.
  • Women and children first and only.
  • Looking on, it seemed that every window of every carriage framed a picture of sadness and separation.
  • These were Ukrainians who had said goodbye to their menfolk.
  • They'd made their pledges to meet again.
  • Don't know where, don't know when.
  • During the Second World War, Odessa put up such a fight that afterwards the Kremlin honoured it with the title Hero City.
  • Today the Kremlin is bent on Odessa's capitulation and capture.
  • The city is a cultural gem.
  • Known as the Pearl of the Black Sea, it's highly prized by Ukrainians and Russians alike.
  • Founded by the Russian Empress Catherine the Great, both sides regard Odessa as a romantic symbol of power and prestige.
  • Odessa is heavily defended, not just because it tugs at the heartstrings, it also tugs at the purse strings.
  • As Ukraine's biggest port, it's vital to this country's economy and should Odessa fall, Ukraine will be cut off from the sea.
  • It'll be landlocked.
  • If it comes to it, the fight for Odessa will be intense.
  • To both attacker and defender, it's a talisman.
  • We have something that Russians don't, soul and bravery.
  • We have a big heart because we are fighting for our country and they are fighting for I don't know who.
  • Odessa will prove hard for the Russians to conquer, not least because as well as the city above ground, there's one that's 60 feet beneath the surface.
  • The passageways and chambers that make up the Odessa catacombs are the largest man-made labyrinth in the world.
  • The tunnels stretch more than 1,500 miles, old limestone mines that went on to be exploited by smugglers.
  • During World War II, they were a hideout for partisans and a bomb shelter for ordinary citizens.
  • People have already taken refuge down here during this war and they're likely to have to do so again because sadly for them and their fellow countrymen and women, there's a shortage of light at the end of the proverbial tunnel.
  • John Irvine, ITV News, Odessa.