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Why Expensive Dog Food Is A Ripoff

Video vocabulary

piece

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US / pi:s /

UK / pis /

A1
  • noun
  • A counter in a board game
  • Small part of something larger
  • verb
  • To put items together to assemble something

start

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US / stɑ:t /

UK / stɑrt /

A1
  • noun
  • First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
  • First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
  • Sudden action or movement because you are scared
  • other
  • Beginning of something in place or time
  • verb
  • To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
  • To turn something on

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

wanting

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US / ˈwɒntɪŋ /

UK / ˈwɑntɪŋ, ˈwɔn- /

A1
  • verb
  • To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

yourself

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US / jɔ:ˈself /

UK / jʊrˈsɛlf, jɔr-, jor-, jə- /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Reflexive form of 'you', used for an emphasis

generation

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US / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn /

UK / ˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Act or process of producing or causing something
  • People born and living at about the same time

stuff

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US / stʌf /

UK / stʌf /

A1
  • noun
  • Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • verb
  • To push material inside something, with force

involved

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US / ɪnˈvɔlvd /

UK / ɪnˈvɑlvd /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being complicated
  • verb
  • To have or be included as a part of something

per

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US / pə(r) /

UK / pɚ /

A2
  • preposition
  • In the manner directed or suggested
  • For each; during each

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

necessarily

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US / ˌnesəˈserəli /

UK / ˌnɛsɪˈsɛrəli, -ˈsɛr- /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a way that is needed/required/is unavoidable

preservative

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US / prɪˈzɜ:vətɪv /

UK / prɪˈzə:vətɪv /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Tending or having the power to preserve
  • noun
  • Chemical added to food to make it last longer

spend

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US / spend /

UK / spɛnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To use money to pay for something
  • To use time in order to do something
  • To use up something completely

time

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US / taɪm /

UK / taɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
  • Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
  • Occasion when something happens
  • Period or occasion that something occurred
  • Period in history or the past
  • Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
  • How long an event takes; duration
  • verb
  • To check speed at which music is performed
  • To choose a specific moment to do something
  • To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
  • To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

found

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US / faʊnd /

UK / faʊnd /

A1
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it
  • To be based on, started or created by
  • To melt and pour metal into a mold

california

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US / ˌkælɪ'fɔ:njə, -'fɔ:ni:ə /

UK / ˌkælɪ'fɔ:rnjəˌ -'fɔ:rni:ə /

A1
  • noun
  • A state in the western United States on the Pacific; the rd largest state; known for earthquakes

equate

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US / ɪ'kweɪt /

UK / ɪˈkwet /

B1
  • verb
  • To consider things to be equal or the same

just

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US / dʒʌst /

UK / dʒʌst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
  • Doing or being what is right or fair
  • Legally correct; having enough evidence
  • adverb
  • Almost; nearly
  • Exactly at the time of
  • Exactly (the same as, like)

pet

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US / pet /

UK / pɛt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Favorite
  • noun
  • Animal kept by a person for company and friendship
  • A favorite thing or person
  • verb
  • To gently touch an animal or person; stroke
  • To kiss and cuddle, sometimes in a sexual way

range

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US / reɪndʒ /

UK / rendʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • Cooking stove with multiple burners
  • Given distance from a point; how far plane can fly
  • Large grassy area where cattle wander and feed
  • Group or chain of mountains
  • Set of things with something in common
  • Limits within which something extends or varies
  • A set of products, e.g. so that people can choose
  • verb
  • To cover an area from one point to another
  • To extend to or vary within given limits
  • To put things in a row or in line
  • To wander or explore

report

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US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

A1
  • noun
  • Account of the necessary facts and information
  • The telling of news in the media
  • Official statement about something
  • verb
  • To submit a report or bill to the government
  • To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
  • To state something officially
  • To officially present yourself to an authority
  • To describe something by telling it to others

technology

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US / tek'nɒlədʒɪ /

UK / tɛkˈnɑlədʒi /

A2
  • noun
  • Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.

splurge

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US / splɜ:dʒ /

UK / splɜ:rdʒ /

C2
  • noun
  • Indulging yourself by buying something expensive
  • verb
  • To spend a lot of money/more than you should

parenthood

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US / 'peərənthʊd /

UK / ˈpɛrəntˌhʊd /

B1
  • noun
  • State of being a parent

vast

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US / vɑ:st /

UK / væst /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being very large in size or amount

difference

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US / 'dɪfrəns /

UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /

A1
  • noun
  • A thing or issue that people do not agree about
  • Not of the same kind; unlike other things

organic

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US / ɔ:ˈgænɪk /

UK / ɔrˈɡænɪk /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Developing naturally and without a set structure
  • Concerning food made with few or no chemicals
  • Concerning living things

quality

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US / 'kwɒlətɪ /

UK / ˈkwɑlɪti /

A2
  • noun
  • Feature associated with someone or something
  • High level of worth or excellence

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

research

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US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃ /

UK / rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ /

A2
  • noun
  • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
  • Work done to find or discover knowledge
  • verb
  • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts

was

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US / wɒz /

UK / wʌz, wɑz,wəz /

A1
  • auxiliary verb
  • The past form of is

better

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US / 'betə(r) /

UK / ˈbɛtɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Higher in quality than something else; Well
  • adverb
  • In a more excellent way
  • verb
  • To have done better than others; beat

calling

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US / ˈkɔ:lɪŋ /

UK / ˈkɔlɪŋ /

A1
  • other
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

color

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US / 'kʌlə(r) /

UK / ˈkʌlɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Quality of things you can see, e.g. red, blue
  • Pink or red in your face, e.g. after being ill
  • The shade of someone's skin e.g. black, or yellow
  • verb
  • To change or affect someone's opinion
  • To make something colorful using colored pencils

done

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US / dʌn /

UK / dʌn /

A1
  • other
  • Finished or completed something
  • verb
  • To complete something

food

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US / fu:d /

UK / fud /

A1
  • noun
  • What people and animals eat to live
  • Things taken in by plants to maintain life
  • A particular style or type of cooking, e.g. Asian

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

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US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to us

maybe

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US / ˈmeɪbi /

UK / ˈmebi /

A1
  • adverb
  • Possibly but not certainly; perhaps

themselves

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US / ðəmˈselvz /

UK / ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðəm- /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Reflexive form of 'they'

perception

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US / pəˈsepʃn /

UK / pɚˈsɛpʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Way in which one sees or understands something

become

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US / bɪ'kʌm /

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

child

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US / tʃaɪld /

UK / tʃaɪld /

A1
  • noun
  • A very young person, between about 2 and 15

fda

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US / ˌef diː ˈeɪ /

UK / ˌef diː ˈeɪ /

A1
  • abbreviation
  • FDA is an acronym

feeling

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US / ˈfi:lɪŋ /

UK / ˈfilɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Sensation or emotion you experience
  • verb
  • To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
  • To sense through direct contact; touch

same

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US / seɪm /

UK / sem /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in quality and amount
  • Identical; not different
  • Not changing; constant

are

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US / ɑ:(r) /

UK / ɑ:r /

A1
  • auxiliary verb
  • Being

filling

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US / ˈfɪlɪŋ /

UK / ˈfɪlɪŋ /

A2
  • noun
  • Being full
  • Metal added to repair teeth
  • verb
  • To make something full
  • To move into all parts of an area
  • To repair a surface by adding a substance to it
  • To use (time); to do something during

entrant

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US / ˈentrənt /

UK / ˈɛntrənt /

B2
  • noun
  • A person who enters a contest

narrator

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US / nəˈreɪtə(r) /

UK / ner.eɪ.tɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Person or character who tells a story

perceive

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US / pə'si:v /

UK / pɚˈsiv /

B1
  • verb
  • To notice or become aware of something
  • To think of someone or something in a certain way

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

enter

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US / 'entə(r) /

UK / ˈɛntɚ /

A1
  • verb
  • To start a career or an education
  • To become a competitor in a contest
  • To add or type information in a computer
  • To go into a room, building etc.

seriously

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US / ˈsɪəriəsli /

UK / ˈsɪriəsli /

B1
  • adverb
  • Involving or requiring great thought or study

towards

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US / tə'wɔ:dz /

UK / 'təuədz, twɔ:dz /

A1
  • preposition
  • In the direction of someone or something

craze

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US / kreɪz /

UK / krez /

B2
  • noun
  • Popular or widespread fad, fashion, etc.

expect

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US / ɪk'spekt /

UK / ɪkˈspɛkt /

A1
  • verb
  • To believe something is probably going to happen

testing

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US / ˈtestɪŋ /

UK / ˈtestɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be given a medical examination
  • To try to establish the truth or nature of
  • To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

want

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US / wɔnt /

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you desire or wish for
  • State or condition of poverty
  • verb
  • To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

compare

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US / kəm'peə(r) /

UK / kəmˈpɛr /

A1
  • verb
  • To consider how similar and different things are

going

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US / 'ɡəʊɪŋ /

UK / ˈɡoɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To attend or be at a place
  • To do an activity
  • To function properly
  • To move or travel to another place

member

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US / ˈmembə(r) /

UK / ˈmɛmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Part of the body of a human, animal
  • Person or thing belonging to a group or team

really

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US / ˈri:əli /

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to stress something that is said; definitely
  • In a true or accurate manner
  • Very

study

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US / 'stʌdɪ /

UK / ˈstʌdi /

A1
  • noun
  • Room that a person studies or reads in
  • Piece of research
  • Topic or subject you research or learn about
  • verb
  • To focus on learning something usually at school

saturate

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US / ˈsætʃəreɪt /

UK / ˈsætʃəˌret /

B2
  • other
  • To cause something to become very wet
  • verb
  • To cause a liquid to not be able to absorb more
  • To try to fill up e.g. a market
  • To cause something to become very wet

would

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US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

center

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US / 'sentə /

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Community place people go health or social reasons
  • Place in the middle of something
  • Person or thing that is attracting attention
  • verb
  • To direct focus toward something

moving

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US / ˈmu:vɪŋ /

UK / ˈmuvɪŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Arousing emotion, especially sympathy
  • other
  • To be in motion
  • verb
  • To cause someone to have certain emotions
  • To cause something to change to a different place
  • To change where people live or a business operates
  • To take action to do or achieve something

artificial

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US / ˌɑ:tɪ'fɪʃl /

UK / ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Dishonest, to seem fake, not sincere
  • (Something) made by people; not created by nature

being

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US / ˈbi:ɪŋ /

UK / ˈbiɪŋ /

A1
  • auxiliary verb
  • To exist, have, be
  • noun
  • Living things such as animals, insects, birds
  • Existence

before

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US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time earlier than the present; previously
  • conjunction
  • In advance of something happening
  • preposition
  • In front of someone or something

dining

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US / 'daɪnɪŋ /

UK / 'daɪnɪŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To eat

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

byproduct

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US / 'baɪˌprɒdʌkt /

UK / ˈbaɪˌprɑdəkt /

C1
  • noun
  • A waste product made from making something else

connected

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US / kə'nektɪd /

UK / kəˈnɛktɪd /

A2
  • verb
  • To associate a thing with something else
  • To join or attach things together
  • To become friends with another person
  • To transfer from one part of a trip to another

data

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US / ˈdeɪtə /

UK / ˈdetə, ˈdætə, ˈdɑtə /

A1
  • other
  • Facts or information used to calculate or analyze

increase

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US / ɪn'kri:s /

UK / ɪnˈkris /

A1
  • noun
  • Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
  • verb
  • To make or become larger in size or amount

feed

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US / fi:d /

UK / fid /

A2
  • noun
  • Food given to animals
  • verb
  • To give food, e.g. to animals or a baby
  • To push something through an opening
  • To provide necessary supplies to

marketing

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US / ˈmɑ:kɪtɪŋ /

UK / ˈmɑ:rkɪtɪŋ /

B1
  • noun
  • The act of selling services or goods
  • verb
  • To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise

doing

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US / ˈdu:ɪŋ /

UK / ˈduɪŋ /

A1
  • other
  • To act; to perform actions

married

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US / ˈmærid /

UK / ˈmærid /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In a relationship with a wife or husband
  • verb
  • To become the husband or wife of someone
  • To perform a marriage ceremony

next

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US / nekst /

UK / nɛkst /

A1
  • adverb
  • The one that follows another in time or order
  • At a time or place directly after the present one
  • noun
  • The one that follows after
  • adjecitve
  • Immediately after the previous one
  • First occurrence after the present one

boomer

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US / 'bu:mə(r) /

UK / 'bu:mər /

C1
  • noun
  • Member of the baby boom generation in the 1950s

datum

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US / ˈdeɪtəm /

UK / ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm /

B1
  • noun
  • Item of factual information

pamper

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US / ˈpæmpə(r) /

UK / ˈpæmpɚ /

C1
  • verb
  • To treat very well by ensuring total comfort

spending

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US / ˈspendɪŋ /

UK / ˈspɛndɪŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To use money to pay for something
  • To use time in order to do something
  • To use up something completely

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

moment

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US / 'məʊmənt /

UK / 'moʊmənt /

A1
  • noun
  • Very short or brief period of time
  • A particular period in time

often

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US / ˈɔfən /

UK / ˈɔfən,ˈɑfən,ˈɔftən,ˈɑf- /

A1
  • adverb
  • Many times; frequently; on many occasions

accord

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US / ə'kɔ:d /

UK / əˈkɔ:rd /

B1
  • noun
  • Agreement or harmony
  • An agreement or treaty between countries
  • verb
  • To be in harmony or agreement; consent
  • To give (someone) the respect due to them

expert

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US / 'ekspɜ:t /

UK / ˈɛkˌspɚt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Having special knowledge or skill
  • noun
  • Skillful person with special knowledge

premium

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US / ˈpri:miəm /

UK / ˈprimiəm /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Having a higher than normal quality
  • noun
  • Money paid as a fee for insurance

see

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US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

cannot

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US / ˈkænɒt /

UK / ˈkænɑ:t /

A1
  • other
  • Unable to; not have the skill to; not have time to
  • verb
  • To not have permission to

contain

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US / kənˈteɪn /

UK / kənˈten /

A2
  • verb
  • To keep something from spreading
  • To hold something inside something else

eat

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US / i:t /

UK / it /

A1
  • verb
  • To put food in your mouth

matter

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US / 'mætə(r) /

UK / ˈmætɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Material all things are made of that fills space
  • Problem or reason for concern
  • verb
  • To be of great importance; to count

once

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US / wʌns /

UK / wʌns /

A1
  • adverb
  • One time; one instance
  • At a time in the past
  • conjunction
  • When; as soon as

nutritional

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US / njʊ'trɪʃənl /

UK / njuˈtrɪʃənl: /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • (Of foods) having positive effects on your health

obviously

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US / ˈɒbviəsli /

UK / ˈɑːbviəsli /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a way that is obvious/easy to see or understand

enhance

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US / ɪn'hɑ:ns /

UK / ɛnˈhæns /

B1
  • verb
  • To improve; make bigger or better

meaning

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US / ˈmi:nɪŋ /

UK / ˈminɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Idea or thing represented by words or sentences
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular intention or value

new

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US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

scientific

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US / ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk /

UK / ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning academic study of the physical world

corn

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US / kɔ:n /

UK / kɔrn /

B1
  • noun
  • Small, painful hard spot on the foot
  • Plant with many yellow seeds used as food

feel

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US / fi:l /

UK / fil /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
  • To sense through direct contact; touch

market

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US / ˈmɑ:kɪt /

UK / ˈmɑ:rkɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • Need or demand for a particular product or service
  • Area or region where a certain product is sold
  • Public event where people sell goods on tables
  • Institution where stocks are bought and sold
  • verb
  • To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise

previous

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US / ˈpri:viəs /

UK / ˈpriviəs /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Existing or happening before the present time

science

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US / 'saɪəns /

UK / ˈsaɪəns /

A2
  • noun
  • Study of the physical world, based on facts

saturated

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US / ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd /

UK / ˈsætʃəˌretɪd /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • (Of organic compounds) having all the bonds filled
  • verb
  • To cause a liquid to not be able to absorb more
  • To try to fill up e.g. a market
  • To cause something to become very wet

shift

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US / ʃɪft /

UK / ʃɪft /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • (Of work) starting at a certain time, as at night
  • noun
  • A change in a persons plans, opinions or beliefs
  • Period of work starting at a certain time
  • verb
  • To change in position or direction
  • To move something from one place to another

should

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US / ʃʊd /

UK / ʃʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

point

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US / pɔɪnt /

UK / pɔɪnt /

A1
  • noun
  • An item to be discussed
  • Small spot or dot
  • Fact or detail
  • Feature of something
  • The size of the text on a page or screen
  • A certain time or stage in a process
  • Certain position in time or space
  • Idea or fact you try to convince people about
  • Measurement of scores in a game, sport
  • Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
  • verb
  • To face a certain direction, e.g. north
  • To indicate something with your finger to others

delay

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US / dɪˈleɪ /

UK / dɪˈle /

A2
  • noun
  • Action of being late or happening later
  • verb
  • To wait some amount of time before doing something
  • To do something later than is planned or expected
  • To stop something from happening for a time

pew

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US / pju: /

UK / pju /

B2
  • noun
  • Long bench, usually used in churches

already

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US / ɔ:lˈredi /

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

A1
  • adverb
  • Having happened or been done before this time

diet

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US / 'daɪət /

UK / ˈdaɪɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Plan of eating to reduce weight or improve health
  • other
  • The usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)
  • verb
  • To eat special or less food, as to lose weight

has

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US / həz /

UK / hæz /

A1
  • verb
  • Negative form of 'have'
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To ask, order, or make someone do something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

many

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US / 'menɪ /

UK / ˈmɛni /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer a large number of things

actually

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US / ˈæktʃuəli /

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to add new (often different) information

were

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US / wə(r) /

UK / wə: /

A1
  • auxiliary verb
  • The past form of are

use

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US / ju:s /

UK / ju:s /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to employ something
  • Need to enable it to work
  • Permission to do something with something
  • Act of spending money
  • Operation of a machine for its function
  • verb
  • To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
  • To need to operate or work
  • To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
  • To treat a person badly
  • To do something with, for a task or purpose

alter

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US / ˈɔ:ltə(r) /

UK / ˈɔltɚ /

A2
  • verb
  • To change so (clothing) fits better

eating

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US / ˈi:tɪŋ /

UK / ˈitɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To put food in your mouth

thinking

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US / ˈθɪŋkɪŋ /

UK / ˈθɪŋkɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Thoughts behind an idea, opinion or belief
  • verb
  • To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

family

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US / 'fæməlɪ /

UK / ˈfæmli /

A1
  • noun
  • Close group of people or organizations
  • A group of people who are related through blood
  • Group of related plants or animals

feeding

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US / ˈfiːdɪŋ /

UK / ˈfiːdɪŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To give food, e.g. to animals or a baby
  • To push something through an opening
  • To provide necessary supplies to

slowly

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US / ˈsləʊli /

UK / ˈsloʊli /

A1
  • adverb
  • In an unhurried or not speedy manner

then

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US / ðen /

UK / ðɛn /

A1
  • adverb
  • A time that is not now
  • Following another thing in time or arrangement
  • Following on reasonably from what was just stated
  • At that time, not now

furry

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US / 'fɜ:rɪ /

UK / ˈfə:ri, ˈfʌri /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Covered with a dense coat of fine hairs

get

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US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

about

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US / ə'baʊt /

UK / əˈbaʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • To be ready to; going to
  • Nearly; approximately; roughly
  • Near; next to; close to
  • In every direction; in the area of
  • preposition
  • Concerning or of (a topic)

even

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US / 'i:vn /

UK / ˈivən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
  • Being divided equally or fairly
  • (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
  • Smooth, level, or regular
  • Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
  • At a regular, equally steady manner
  • Remaining steady and unchanging
  • adverb
  • (When this is surprising) as well; too
  • (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
  • verb
  • To make something level; to flatten
  • To make something equal

health

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US / helθ /

UK / hɛlθ /

A1
  • noun
  • (Person, company) being in a good condition; well

label

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US / 'leɪbl /

UK / ˈlebəl /

A2
  • noun
  • A (luxury) brand owned by a company
  • A word or term used to describe a person, thing
  • A piece of paper or material to identify something
  • verb
  • To use a term to describe, often negatively
  • To attach material to identify something

like

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US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

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US / 'pi:pl /

UK / ˈpipəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • Men, Women, Children

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

what

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US / wɒt /

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Thing or things that; the same kind as
  • Used to emphasize something you are about to say
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
  • Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
  • adverb
  • To a certain degree
  • determiner
  • Question words used for asking for information
  • exclamation
  • Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
  • Used to ask people to repeat something they said

cause

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US / kɔ:z /

UK / kɔz /

A2
  • noun
  • Belief, goal or organization that people support
  • Reason for
  • verb
  • To make something happen; create effect or result

baby

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US / ˈbeɪbi /

UK / ˈbeɪbi /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Small in size; smaller than usual
  • noun
  • A very young child, who cannot yet speak
  • verb
  • To treat someone as if they were newly born

house

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US / haʊs /

UK / haʊs /

A1
  • noun
  • Place where a specific activity or business occurs
  • Building in which a family, person lives
  • verb
  • To give someone a place to live
  • To contain or store something

void

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US / vɔɪd /

UK / vɔɪd /

B2
  • noun
  • Empty feeling because nothing interests you
  • Empty space; empty place
  • verb
  • To remove legal force or obligation

value

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US / 'vælju: /

UK / ˈvælju /

A1
  • noun
  • Importance you attach to something
  • Some information expressed as a number
  • Stated price of something; worth
  • verb
  • To place a high importance on something
  • To say how much money something is worth

claim

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US / kleɪm /

UK / klem /

A2
  • noun
  • Demand for something that is believed to be due
  • Something said to be true when others don't agree
  • verb
  • To demand something that is believed to be due
  • To cause someone's life to come to an end
  • To say something is true when others may not agree

hit

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US / hɪt /

UK / hɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • A planned killing, usually for money
  • Song, movie etc. that is successful
  • When someone strikes someone or something
  • Time when a player makes contact with the ball
  • Time when a website is accessed
  • verb
  • To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
  • To press something, such as a button or switch
  • To suddenly realize the importance of something
  • To move your hand, a bat, etc. against with force
  • To fight, attack or damage something or someone
  • To arrive at a specific place, level, or goal
  • To make contact with the ball in a game or sport

annual

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US / ˈænjuəl /

UK / ˈænjuəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Happening once a year, or every year
  • noun
  • Book (in a series) released each year

case

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US / keɪs /

UK / kes /

A1
  • noun
  • Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
  • Set of facts about a crime
  • Set of facts about an event
  • Example or instance of something
  • verb
  • To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

find

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US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

total

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US / ˈtəʊtl /

UK / ˈtoʊtl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Complete
  • noun
  • Whole number or amount of something
  • verb
  • To damage a car beyond repair

type

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US / taɪp /

UK / taɪp /

A1
  • noun
  • Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
  • Group of things or people sharing common features
  • verb
  • To identify something belonging to a group
  • To write by touching keys on a keyboard

activity

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US / æk'tɪvətɪ /

UK / ækˈtɪvɪti /

A1
  • noun
  • An action or task, e.g. sports, washing clothes

increased

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US / ɪn'kri:st /

UK / ɪn'kri:st /

A1
  • verb
  • To make or become larger in size or amount

sparky

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US / ˈspɑ:ki /

UK / ˈspɑ:rki /

B1
  • noun
  • Slang name for an electrician

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

fill

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US / fɪl /

UK / fɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of filling; amount used to make something full
  • verb
  • To make something full
  • To move into all parts of an area
  • To repair a surface by adding a substance to it
  • To use (time); to do something during

option

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US / 'ɒpʃn /

UK / ˈɑpʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • A choice
  • Right to buy or sell at a certain price and time

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

becoming

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US / bɪˈkʌmɪŋ /

UK / bɪˈkʌmɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

closest

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US / k'ləʊsɪst /

UK / k'loʊsɪst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being at the shortest distance from

its

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US / ɪts /

UK / ɪts /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
  • determiner
  • Of something; belonging or related to something
  • other
  • Possessive form of “it”

who

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US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

based

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US / beɪst /

UK / beɪst /

B2
  • verb
  • To have a particular town or area, etc. as the main place that you live and work in, or where you do

between

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US / bɪˈtwi:n /

UK / bɪˈtwin /

A1
  • preposition
  • From one person, thing, or place, to another
  • In the space that separates two objects
  • Among two or more people who share something

billion

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US / ˈbɪljən /

UK / ˈbɪljən /

A2
  • noun
  • Number 1,000,000,000

gut

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US / ɡʌt /

UK / ɡʌt /

B1
  • noun
  • Stomach and internal organs of digestion
  • Guts courage; emotional strength
  • verb
  • To destroy the inside of a building , e.g. by fire
  • To remove the internal parts of an animal or fish

had

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US / hæd /

UK / hæd /

A1
  • verb
  • Past form of 'have'
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To ask, order, or make someone do something
  • To perform or join in an action, organize an event
  • To cause something to happen to produce an effect

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

very

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US / 'verɪ /

UK / ˈvɛri /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a large degree or amount
  • adverb
  • A lot; much; many
  • Used to stress or emphasize a noun

design

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US / dɪˈzaɪn /

UK / dɪˈzaɪn /

A1
  • noun
  • The way something is planned, to fulfill a purpose
  • verb
  • To plan in a particular way to fulfill a purpose
  • To think of a plan

move

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US / mu:v /

UK / muv /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
  • An action; doing something
  • Step taken to achieve a goal
  • verb
  • To cause someone to have certain emotions
  • To cause something to change to a different place
  • To change where people live or a business operates
  • To take action to do or achieve something

playing

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US / ˈpleɪɪŋ /

UK / 'pleɪɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To act the part of a character in movies, on stage
  • To perform music on an instrument
  • To use a device, e.g. a video game
  • To do something for enjoyment and fun
  • To do or perform a game or sport

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

way

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US / weɪ /

UK / we /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to emphasize the amount of something
  • noun
  • Particular aspect of something being thought about
  • One of various choices that could be made
  • Particular existing condition or state
  • (Often long) distance or length of time
  • How something is done
  • Route to go to a place
  • Small street
  • Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

flurry

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US / 'flʌrɪ /

UK / ˈflə:ri, ˈflʌri /

B2
  • noun
  • Sudden rush of activity

simple

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US / 'sɪmpl /

UK / ˈsɪmpəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not hard to understand or do; not complex
  • Having only a few parts; not complex
  • Being ordinary or normal
  • Being plain; without a lot added for style

show

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US / ʃəʊ /

UK / ʃo /

A1
  • noun
  • False display of love, emotion or action
  • An event for displaying or promoting goods
  • Play, opera or theater production
  • Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
  • verb
  • To be easily seen or displayed
  • To display your emotions or feelings
  • To let someone see something; display
  • To explain or teach how something is done
  • To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
  • To prove something to be true, correct
  • To reveal or allow something to be seen

evidence

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US / 'evɪdəns /

UK / ˈɛvɪdəns /

A1
  • noun
  • Factual proof that helps to establish the truth

introduce

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US / ˌɪntrəˈdju:s /

UK / ˌɪntrəˈdus, -ˈdjus /

A1
  • verb
  • To open an essay to set the scene
  • To guide or explain something, e.g. a town
  • To begin the use of a new thing or practice
  • To make someone known to another by name
  • To insert or put something inside another thing

list

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US / lɪst /

UK / lɪst /

A1
  • noun
  • Lean of a boat to one side
  • Series of written names, words or numbers
  • verb
  • To lean to one side, like a boat or ship
  • To present for sale for a specific price
  • To write a series of names, words, or numbers

act

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US / ækt /

UK / ækt /

A1
  • noun
  • What someone did; action; behavior
  • A law or rule passed by a government we must obey
  • One of the parts that a stage play is divided into
  • verb
  • To behave in a certain way
  • To perform on a stage or in a movie

institute

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US / 'ɪnstɪtju:t /

UK / ˈɪnstɪˌtut, -ˌtjut /

A2
  • noun
  • Organization studying science, engineering etc.
  • verb
  • To start or commence doing, e.g. a business plan

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

average

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US / 'ævərɪdʒ /

UK / ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Typical or normal; usual; ordinary
  • noun
  • Total of numbers divided by the number of items
  • verb
  • To add numbers then divide by the number of items

treat

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US / tri:t /

UK / trit /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you buy for others as a surprise present
  • something that tastes good and that is not eaten often
  • verb
  • To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
  • To use medical methods to try to cure an illness
  • To act in a certain way toward someone

judge

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US / dʒʌdʒ /

UK / dʒʌdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • Person who decides on the results of a contest
  • Person who has the power to make a decision
  • verb
  • To reach a decision about who won a contest
  • To form an opinion after careful consideration
  • To make a decision in court

may

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US / meɪ /

UK / me /

A1
  • noun
  • 5th month of the year
  • other
  • Used to express a desire
  • Expresses permission, possibility or probability
  • Used to show that a thing could be true

play

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US / pleɪ /

UK / pleɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Loose, free movement between two objects
  • Single action in a sports game
  • Performance in which people act in a theater
  • verb
  • To act as a character in a movie, or on stage
  • To perform music on an instrument
  • To use a device, e.g. a video game
  • To do something for enjoyment and fun
  • To do or perform a game or sport

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

trend

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US / trend /

UK / trɛnd /

A2
  • noun
  • Current style or fashion
  • Direction things are moving in; current style
  • General direction that is taken
  • verb
  • To be current and popular
  • To move up or down

lead

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US / li:d /

UK / lid /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being the main part in movies or plays
  • noun
  • Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • Information that could help to solve a crime
  • Main part in a play or movie
  • Heavy, gray metal element
  • Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
  • Act of being at the front in a race or game
  • verb
  • To show the way or guide others
  • To be at the front of a race or game
  • To travel in front of; go in advance of others

millennial

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US / mɪ'lenɪəl /

UK / mɪ'lenɪrl /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a millennium (a thousand years)

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

differently

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US / 'dɪfrəntlɪ /

UK / ˈdɪfərəntlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • In another and different manner

less

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US / les /

UK / lɛs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Smaller in amount or degree
  • adverb
  • To a smaller degree
  • noun
  • A smaller amount
  • preposition
  • With the subtraction of

specific

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US / spəˈsɪfɪk /

UK / spɪˈsɪfɪk /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Precise; particular; just about that thing
  • Concerning one particular thing or kind of thing

stanford

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US / ˈstænfəd /

UK / ˈstænfərd /

A1

also

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US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

how

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US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

kind

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US / kaɪnd /

UK / kaɪnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In a caring and helpful manner
  • friendly and considerate
  • noun
  • One type of thing

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

year

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US / jə: /

UK / jɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
  • Used to refer to the age of a person

firstborn

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US / ˈfɜ:stbɔ:n /

UK / ˈfɜ:rstbɔ:rn /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • First in order of birth

into

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US / 'ɪntə /

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1
  • preposition
  • Moving or going inside something
  • In the same direction as; in the direction of
  • So as to become; taking the state of

other

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US / 'ʌðə(r) /

UK / ˈʌðər /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A thing different from that mentioned
  • determiner
  • (Something) else; not the first (one)
  • pronoun
  • Being the one and only thing of that category

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

wheat

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US / wi:t /

UK / hwit, wit /

B1
  • noun
  • A kind of grain that is used to make flour

became

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US / bɪˈkeɪm /

UK / bɪˈkem /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

level

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US / 'levl /

UK / ˈlɛvəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • (Sports) equal to another
  • Being steady and determined (e.g. a voice)
  • noun
  • Specific height of something
  • Amount of ability you have compared to others
  • Floor or deck within a building
  • Tool used to determine if something is lying flat
  • verb
  • To aim a gun at someone
  • To destroy a building; flatten an area completely
  • To make things flat or even
  • To make a score equal to another, in sports

price

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US / praɪs /

UK / praɪs /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • Cost of something in money
  • verb
  • To determine or set the cost of something

university

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US / ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sətɪ /

UK / ˌjunɪˈvɜrsəti /

A1
  • noun
  • High-level educational institution; college

brand

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US / brænd /

UK / brænd /

A2
  • noun
  • A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
  • Product made or designed by a named company
  • verb
  • To burn a mark on an animal to show who owns it
  • To describe someone as a liar, coward, etc.
  • To give a famous name to a product or service

join

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US / dʒɔɪn /

UK / dʒɔɪn /

A1
  • verb
  • To bring something close to another, to become one
  • To become a member of
  • To participate in an activity with others

only

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US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

ten

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US / ten /

UK / tɛn /

A1
  • number
  • 10

them

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US / ðəm /

UK / ðɛm,ðəm /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Referring to specified other people

two

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • number
  • 2

any

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US / 'enɪ /

UK / ˈɛni /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One, or some, no matter which
  • pronoun
  • One (thing) of many; some

company

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US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

A1
  • noun
  • Good feeling from being with someone else
  • A business that sells things or provides services
  • Guests, especially in your home
  • Being with another person rather than alone

come

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US / kʌm /

UK / kʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To arrive at a place
  • (Of mail) to be delivered
  • To move toward someone; go with someone
  • To reach a certain point or state

demographic

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US / ˌdemə'ɡræfɪk /

UK / ˌdemə'ɡræfɪk /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • Characterizing human populations
  • noun
  • Group of people with similar characteristics

marry

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US / 'mærɪ /

UK / ˈmæri /

A1
  • verb
  • To become the husband or wife of someone
  • To perform a marriage ceremony

think

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US / θɪŋk /

UK / θɪŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To have an idea about something without certainty
  • To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

anything

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US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

A1
  • pronoun
  • A thing of any kind

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

out

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US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

base

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US / beɪs /

UK / bes /

A2
  • noun
  • Place military personnel live, train, and operate
  • Bottom part of an object that touches a surface
  • Unit of counting, e.g. 10 for counting
  • Most important idea or ingredient to add others
  • Origin or start from which something came
  • Main place where an organization or a person works
  • verb
  • To use as the starting point or origin for
  • To have as the main location for (company, etc.)

lot

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US / lɒt /

UK / lɑt /

A1
  • noun
  • What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • A group of people seen together
  • Item for sale at an auction
  • Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

finding

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US / ˈfaɪndɪŋ /

UK / ˈfaɪndɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you discover or find out; a result
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

getting

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US / 'ɡetɪŋ /

UK / 'ɡetɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

grain

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US / greɪn /

UK / ɡren /

B1
  • noun
  • Seeds of plants used for food
  • Natural pattern in something, e.g. wood
  • Very small piece of something such as sand, truth
  • Unit of weight based on a piece of wheat

ingredient

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US / ɪnˈgri:diənt /

UK / ɪnˈɡridiənt /

B1
  • noun
  • Food item used when making a meal or drink
  • Quality necessary to be something to work well

large

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US / lɑ:dʒ /

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

most

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US / məʊst /

UK / most /

A1
  • adverb
  • Very; extremely
  • Greatest possible degree
  • pronoun
  • Nearly all of something

majority

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US / mə'dʒɒrətɪ /

UK / məˈdʒɔrɪti, -ˈdʒɑr- /

B1
  • noun
  • Amount that is more than half of a group

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

owner

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US / ˈəʊnə(r) /

UK / ˈoʊnə(r) /

A1
  • noun
  • Person who owns or has something

where

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US / hwɛə /

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1
  • conjunction
  • At or in the place which
  • In whatever place
  • pronoun
  • Word you use to ask the location of something

solely

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US / ˈsəʊlli:, ˈsəʊli: /

UK / ˈsolli, ˈsoli /

B1
  • adverb
  • With no one or nothing else

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately
  • Introduction to Video Content
  • The price of pet food has been steadily increasing over the years, with the average cost per pound rising from $1.71 in 2011 to $2.55 in 2017. This rise in prices can be attributed to a growing trend among pet owners to pamper their pets and spend more on their overall care. In fact, in 2007, pet owners spent a total of $41.2 billion on their pets, and this figure has increased to $69.5 billion in just ten years.One of the main factors driving this shift in pet spending habits is the millennial generation. Experts suggest that millennials are treating their pets as if they were their firstborn children, filling a void that previous generations may have filled with having their own children and settling into family homes. This demographic group is less likely to be married compared to the Silent Generation and is also delaying parenthood, opting to become pet owners instead.The Pew Research Center reports that in 2017, millennials accounted for 35% of all pet owners in the US, making them the largest demographic group in this category. Not only do millennials approach pet ownership differently than previous generations, but they also spend more on their pets. The data shows that 76% of millennials are likely to splurge on their pets, compared to only 50% of baby boomers.This increased spending is evident in the rising household expenses related to pets. Between 2007 and 2017, annual household spending on pets increased by 36%, according to Nielsen. As a result, the pet food market has seen a surge in new brands and products. In 2017 alone, there were 4,500 new pet food products introduced, a significant increase of 45% from the previous year. Many of these new entries into the market are labeled as premium products, catering to the growing demand for higher-quality pet food.In summary, the combination of millennials' desire to pamper their pets and the influx of new premium pet food brands has led to the price increase in pet food. This trend is likely to continue as millennials' pet ownership rates rise and their spending habits persist. Pet owners today are willing to invest more in their furry companions, and the market is responding by offering a wide range of premium options.
  • Subtitles section
  • Narrator: The price of pet food has increased from an average $1.71 per pound in 2011 to $2.55 per pound in 2017, and it plays to an increasing trend towards owners pampering their pets.
  • Pet owners' total spending per year in 2007 was $41.2 billion.
  • Ten years later, it hit $69.5 billion.
  • So what's causing this shift?
  • Evidence points to millennials.
  • Mary Hanbury: Experts say the millennials are treating their pets like their firstborn child, and it's kind of filling a void that maybe previous generations would have already had a child and moved into houses.
  • Narrator: According to a report by the Pew Research Center, millennials are 50% less likely than the Silent Generation to be married.
  • They're also delaying parenthood.
  • Instead, they're becoming pet owners.
  • In 2017, millennials became the largest demographic of US pet owners at 35%.
  • These pet owners not only act differently than previously generations, they also spend differently.
  • Hanbury: So the data shows that millennials are spending a lot more on their pets.
  • Narrator: 76% of millennials are likely to splurge on their pets compared to just 50% of baby boomers, and it's starting to show.
  • According to Nielsen, annual household spending on pets increased by 36% between 2007 and 2017.
  • This shift has led to a flurry of new brands entering the market.
  • In 2017, 4,500 new pet food products were introduced, a 45% increase from the year before, and many of the new entrants were labeled as premium products.
  • Hanbury: It's kind of two pieces moving at once.
  • Owners are wanting to spend more on their pets, and then the market is being slowly saturated with more options of premium pet food brands.
  • Heinze: Premiumization is the idea that you can enhance the perception of value of a product by marketing or by even something very simple like calling it a premium diet.
  • In this case, pet food.
  • Premium diets don't necessarily have anything that a nonpremium diet don't have.
  • It's more the perception of what they have.
  • So it's playing to what pet owners feel in their gut should be in a high-quality pet food.
  • Narrator: A 2007 study conducted by the California Institute of Technology and Stanford University found that a product's price can alter our brain activity in how we perceive the product, finding that our brains equate more expensive with better.
  • - There really is no scientific nutritional difference necessarily between a so-called premium pet food and a just average type of pet food.
  • Narrator: Many premium pet foods market the product based on the human-grade ingredients it uses or by what Cailin calls...
  • Heinze: The "no list," meaning they market themselves on what they don't contain.
  • No corn, no wheat, no grains, no byproduct, no potato.
  • The list is actually getting longer and longer.
  • Artificial preservatives, artificial colors, all of that kind of stuff.
  • And the thing is, is for the vast majority of that, there's not any evidence that it's any better.
  • Narrator: So who is testing pet food?
  • Well, the FDA only gets involved in pet food research when it comes to specific health claims.
  • There are some universities that conduct research, but a majority of the research being done in pet nutrition is done by pet food companies.
  • Heinze: You can't judge the quality of a pet food solely based on its price because some of the most-tested pet foods out there that are the most based on science are actually at a lower price range than many people would expect,
  • and some of the diets that are at the highest level, you're not getting anything more for that other than maybe that feeling that you're doing more for your pet.
  • Hanbury: I think this is connected to a health and wellness craze at the moment where people are taking what they eat a lot more seriously, and obviously the next thing when you're not thinking about yourself is the thing closest to you, so your pets.
  • Heinze: Pet owners are often going to be feeding their pets the same ways that they're feeding themselves.
  • So if organic is important in their diet, they're gonna be looking for organic pet foods.
  • If they see their pet as a furry member of the family like many of us do, then when they're going to buy pet food, they're looking for pet food that is as close to what they're eating as they can get.
  • They're not necessarily looking for food that is designed for the dog.
  • Narrator: And with millennials dining out 30% more often than other generations, it may just be a matter of time before Sparky joins them for a night out.