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How To Store Bacon So It Lasts For Years

Original YouTube Video | CityPrepping Published on 2023-11-13 Level：86 Speed：89 maxwordlevel：23

Video vocabulary

eat

US / i:t /

•

UK / it /

verb
To put food in your mouth

heat

US / hi:t /

•

UK / hit /

noun
State of anger, excitement, or arguing
Particular temperature at which to cook something
High temperature
One of series of races to find the finalists
Hot temperature, conditions, or weather
verb
To make hot or hotter

fry

US / fraɪ /

•

UK / fraɪ /

verb
To cook something in fat or oil
To burn your skin due to too long in the sun

million

US / ˈmɪljən /

•

UK / ˈmɪljən /

number
1,000,000

safe

US / seɪf /

•

UK / sef /

noun
Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
adjecitve
Highly likely
Being out of danger

toxic

US / ˈtɒksɪk /

•

UK / ˈtɑksɪk /

adjecitve
Poisonous; harmful
(Of relationships) harmful; causing conflict

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

available

US / əˈveɪləbl /

•

UK / əˈveləbəl /

adjecitve
Present and able to be used
Able to be used at a scheduled time

convenient

US / kənˈvi:niənt /

•

UK / kənˈvinjənt /

adjecitve
Allowing you to do something with less trouble

enhance

US / ɪn'hɑ:ns /

•

UK / ɛnˈhæns /

verb
To improve; make bigger or better

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

lose

US / lu:z /

•

UK / luz /

verb
To be unable to keep in check or control something
To decrease in value or quantity (e.g. weight)
To stop having certain qualities or abilities
To stop having or being entitled to
To fail to win something that is being contested
To be unable to find something you once had
To be dependent on someone (used with 'not')

small

US / smɔ:l /

•

UK / smɔl /

adjecitve
Little in size; not big
(Of letters) not written in capital letters
Being insignificant or minor
(Of a business) with few people or things; local
(Of voice) being soft and quiet
(Of a child) being young

thick

US / θɪk /

•

UK / θɪk /

adjecitve
Difficult to see through, as fog
Full of (people, etc.)
(Of a liquid) that moves or pours slowly
Stupid; not smart
(Of person's accent) hard to understand
Having a large distance between two surfaces

ensure

US / ɪn'ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈʃʊr /

verb
To make something sure, certain, or safe

immediately

US / ɪˈmi:diətli /

•

UK / ɪˈmidiɪtli /

adverb
Without any delay; straight away

potent

US / 'pəʊtnt /

•

UK / ˈpotnt /

adjecitve
(Of men) being able to make a woman pregnant
Having a powerful effect, e.g. on the body or mind

overpressure

US / ˌəʊvəˈprɛʃə /

•

UK / ˌoʊvərˈprɛʃər /

other
A transient air pressure greater than the surrounding atmospheric pressure

sell

US / sel /

•

UK / sɛl /

verb
To exchange something for money
To persuade people to do, like or agree

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

storage

US / ˈstɔ:rɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈstɔrɪdʒ, ˈstor- /

noun
Act of storing something; a depository for goods

area

US / 'eərɪə /

•

UK / ˈɛriə /

noun
Amount of measured space
A specific section or space; part of a region
A subject or field of study

feel

US / fi:l /

•

UK / fil /

verb
To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
To sense through direct contact; touch

listen

US / ˈlɪsn /

•

UK / ˈlɪsən /

verb
To carefully consider what someone is saying

pantry

US / ˈpæntri /

•

UK / ˈpæntri /

noun
Room for preparation or storage of foods

procedure

US / prəˈsi:dʒə(r) /

•

UK / prəˈsidʒɚ /

noun
A medical operation
Usual or standard steps taken to do something

reason

US / 'ri:zn /

•

UK / ˈrizən /

noun
Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
Explanation for why something occurred or was done
verb
To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

too

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

adverb
In addition, also; with emphasis
Say that something is more than you want

shock

US / ʃɒk /

•

UK / ʃɑ:k /

noun
The passage of an electricity through the body
Sudden bad feeling caused by something unexpected
verb
To affect someone with an electrical current
To cause great surprise, horror, or anger

side

US / saɪd /

•

UK / saɪd /

adjecitve
In addition to the central or most important thing
Next to, or very close to, the right or left of
noun
Position or opinion that is opposite to another
Right or left part of a person's body
Feature of someone's personality
Straight edge of an object
One of two or more groups fighting each other
verb
To decide to agree with one point, not the other

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

always

US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /

•

UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /

adverb
For a very long time
At all times; in every situation
For ever

cook

US / kʊk /

•

UK / kʊk /

noun
A person who prepares food
Person's name
verb
To heat food until it is ready to eat

fresh

US / freʃ /

•

UK / frɛʃ /

adjecitve
Clean; not used or dirty
Remaining clear, as in a person's memory
Newly made or gathered
(Water) not salty, usually from a lake or a river

guideline

US / ˈgaɪdlaɪn /

•

UK / ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪn /

noun
General rule or instruction how to do a thing

itself

US / ɪtˈself /

•

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

pronoun
Referring to it

many

US / 'menɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛni /

determiner
Used to refer a large number of things

scramble

US / ˈskræmbl /

•

UK / ˈskræmbəl /

verb
To cause war planes to take off quickly
To mix up

rim

US / rɪm /

•

UK / rɪm /

noun
Outer edge of something circular
Outer part of a wheel of a vehicle
verb
To give something an outer edge, as specified

thousand

US / ˈθaʊznd /

•

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

number
Number 1,000

sulfite

US / ˈsʌlfaɪt /

•

UK / sʌlfaɪt /

noun
A salt of sulphuric acid

tomato

US / təˈmɑ:təu /

•

UK / təˈmeto /

noun
Round soft red vegetable, fruit used in sauces

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

spoilage

US / ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ /

other
Amount that has spoiled
The process of becoming spoiled

afraid

US / əˈfreɪd /

•

UK / əˈfred /

adjecitve
Worried that something bad will happen; scared

fold

US / fəʊld /

•

UK / fold /

noun
Pen where sheep are kept
Group of people who have a common belief
verb
To bend one part of something against another
(Of business) to fail or close down
To hold something together such as your two arms

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

white

US / waɪt /

•

UK / hwaɪt, waɪt /

adjecitve
Belonging to a race of people with light skin
Of the color of fresh snow and milk
noun
Person's name
Lightest color; The color of fresh snow.

width

US / wɪdθ /

•

UK / wɪdθ, wɪθ, wɪtθ /

noun
Distance from one side of something to the other
Piece of cloth that has been measured and cut

canner

US / kænd /

•

UK / kænd /

consider

US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

•

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

verb
To think carefully about something

fennel

US / ˈfenl /

•

UK / ˈfɛnəl /

noun
Whitish-green bulb with an aniseed taste

particle

US / ˈpɑ:tɪkl /

•

UK / ˈpɑrtɪkəl /

noun
Adverb or preposition that joins with a verb
Tiny piece or quantity of something

separate

US / 'sepəreɪt /

•

UK / 'sepəreɪt /

adjecitve
Being different from or unrelated to another
verb
To divide two things by being in between them
To live away from your husband or wife
To move things away from each other

pot

US / pɒt /

•

UK / pɑt /

noun
Container designed to hold or store something
Deep, round container that is used for cooking
Large, significant quantity of something
Slang name for marijuana
Net pocket at the corners, etc. of a snooker table
Money that can be won in a card game or a bet
verb
To plant something in a container filled with soil
To hit a ball into a table pocket in snooker

precursor

US / pri:ˈkɜ:sə(r) /

•

UK / pri:ˈkɜ:rsə(r) /

noun
Something that comes before another; forerunner

straight

US / streɪt /

•

UK / stret /

adjecitve
Not having curves, bends, or angles
Not gay; heterosexual
honest and direct
adverb
in a line; immediately; honestly and directly

tablespoon

US / ˈteɪblspu:n /

•

UK / ˈtebəlˌspun /

noun
Large spoon that is used for measuring ingredients

combine

US / kəmˈbaɪn /

•

UK / kəmˈbaɪn /

verb
To mix several things together to form one thing

explain

US / ɪk'spleɪn /

•

UK / ɪkˈsplen /

verb
To make clear or easy to understand by describing

point

US / pɔɪnt /

•

UK / pɔɪnt /

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

sure

US / ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ʃʊr /

adjecitve
Having no doubts about something
Have confidence in your own words or actions
Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
Being correct or true
adverb
What you say to agree willingly

add

US / æd /

•

UK / æd /

verb
To include as well
To put two things or numbers together, e.g. 2+2

butcher

US / ˈbʊtʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbʊtʃɚ /

noun
Store selling meat; person who sells meats
verb
To cut up dead animals to sell their meat
To kill people violently and without compassion

fat

US / fæt /

•

UK / fæt /

adjecitve
Having too much weight for the body size
Bringing or having a large amount of money
noun
Amount beyond what is usual or necessary
Oily part of meat

link

US / lɪŋk /

•

UK / lɪŋk /

noun
Any one of the rings that are part of a chain
Connection between two or more things or people
Webpage item you click to go to another webpage
verb
To join or connect together

room

US / ru:m /

•

UK / rum, rʊm /

noun
All of the people inside a particular room
Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
verb
To share a home with someone

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

audibly

US / 'ɔ:dəblɪ /

•

UK / 'ɔ:dəblɪ /

adverb
In a manner loud enough to be heard

dinner

US / ˈdɪnə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdɪnɚ /

noun
Main meal of the day, often eaten in the evening

dread

US / dred /

•

UK / drɛd /

verb
To await with great fear

fill

US / fɪl /

•

UK / fɪl /

noun
Act of filling; amount used to make something full
verb
To make something full
To move into all parts of an area
To repair a surface by adding a substance to it
To use (time); to do something during

eighteen

US / ˌeɪˈti:n /

•

UK / eˈtin /

number
18

naturally

US / ˈnætʃrəli /

•

UK / ˈnætʃərəli, ˈnætʃrə- /

adverb
In the expected or usual way
Without the aid of someone or something

pinto

US / ˈpɪntəʊ /

•

UK / ˈpɪntoʊ /

noun
Spotted or calico horse or pony

old

US / əʊld /

•

UK / old /

adjecitve
Having existed for a long time, not young or new
Age of a person since birth

post

US / pəʊst /

•

UK / post /

noun
Message delivered or shared in an online group
Piece of wood, metal in the ground for support
Job or position within an organization or company
Place where a soldier, etc. is ordered to go
verb
To send a letter or package using stamps
To share a message on an internet discussion group
To send a soldier somewhere to do a job
To put a message in public for everyone to see

sale

US / seɪl /

•

UK / sel /

noun
Event during which the prices of goods are reduced
Giving something for money; the amount sold

throw

US / θrəʊ /

•

UK / θroʊ /

noun
Arm movement to make a thing fly through the air
Loose cloth or blanket (usually over a chair)
Forcibly putting someone on the ground
verb
To use your arm to make something fly in the air
To move part of your body suddenly and forcefully
To confuse or upset someone
(E.g. judo) to forcibly put someone on the ground
To put something somewhere suddenly and roughly

bit

US / bɪt /

•

UK / bɪt /

noun
Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
Small piece of something
verb
(E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

encourage

US / ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ /

•

UK / ɛnˈkɚrɪdʒ, -ˈkʌr- /

verb
To increase the chance of something happening
To make someone more determined or confident

human

US / 'hju:mən /

•

UK / ˈhjumən /

adjecitve
Concerning or characteristic of people
noun
A person; a man, woman or child

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

soap

US / səʊp /

•

UK / sop /

adjecitve
Of or from a TV serial
noun
Hard cream-like substance used to wash something
A TV serial
verb
To put soap on something so it can be cleaned

tap

US / tæp /

•

UK / tæp /

noun
Faucet; the place you can get water from a pipe
Light hit, generally one that makes a sound
verb
To access a liquid (e.g. in a tree) through a hole
To move feet/fingers to make light regular sounds
To spy one someone electronically
To hit something or someone lightly
To remove from an object e.g. oil from the ground

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

drop

US / drɒp /

•

UK / drɑp /

noun
Distance between a higher and a lower level
Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
verb
To drive someone to a place and then drive away
To let something fall from your hand
To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

produce

US / prə'dju:s /

•

UK / prəˈdus, -ˈdjus, pro- /

noun
Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
verb
To grow something naturally
To make something appear
To manufacture something using machines
To control the making a movie or television show

remove

US / rɪˈmu:v /

•

UK / rɪˈmuv /

verb
To get rid of something completely
To make someone leave his or her job or position
To move, erase or take away from a place
To take something off (e.g. clothing)

overstuff

US / 'əʊvə'stʌf /

•

UK / 'oʊvə'stʌf /

other
Stuff too much

rust

US / rʌst /

•

UK / rʌst /

noun
Reddish brown color
Disease causing red and brown spots on leaves
A red crust on old iron and steel objects
verb
To form a red crust on old iron and steel objects

top

US / tɒp /

•

UK / tɑp /

adjecitve
Being good or great; excellent
Being the most in degree or quality
noun
Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
A cover or lid
Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
Highest or upper part or point of something
Best or highest status or position
Flat upper surface or edge of an object
Child's toy that spins on its point
Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
Winning in a sport or contest
verb
To be higher or larger than a specific value
To arrive at the highest point of something
To put a cover or layer or over something
To kill; murder
To hold the highest position on a list
To be more important, successful or better than
To beat someone or win at a game

wipe

US / waɪp /

•

UK / waɪp /

noun
Act to clean or dry something with a cloth
verb
To clean or dry something with a cloth
To spread a liquid on something

dry

US / draɪ /

•

UK / draɪ /

adjecitve
(Of humor) clever, but not obvious; ironic
Without water; not wet
(Of wine, etc.) not sweet
Without butter or jam
verb
To remove liquid or water from something

pretty

US / 'prɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɪti /

adjecitve
Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
adverb
Very; to a great degree

paper

US / ˈpeɪpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpeɪpər /

adjecitve
Not existing in reality, or done infrequently
Made from the material that we use to make books
noun
Academic writing or a talk on a specific topic
Written test
Newspaper
Pages of a book are made from this

possible

US / ˈpɒsəbl /

•

UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /

adjecitve
Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
Having a chance of happening, or being true

several

US / ˈsevrəl /

•

UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /

adjecitve
Many of
pronoun
More than two but not a large amount

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

fear

US / fɪə(r) /

•

UK / fɪr /

noun
Unpleasant feeling caused by being aware of danger
verb
To be afraid of or nervous about something

feedback

US / ˈfi:dbæk /

•

UK / ˈfidˌbæk /

noun
A response or opinion, about a service, etc.

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

indistinguishable

US / ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃəbl /

•

UK / ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəbəl /

adjecitve
Exactly alike; not able to be seen as different

intimidate

US / ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɪmɪˌdet /

verb
To make someone feel afraid

nicolas

US / ˈneksəs /

•

UK / ˈnɛksəs /

pan

US / pæn /

•

UK / pæn /

noun
Open metal container used for cooking
Steel drum
Big, flat bowl, used to find gold with water
verb
To follow an object being filmed with a camera
To criticize, e.g. a film, in a strong way
To sort gold from other materials using water

risk

US / rɪsk /

•

UK / rɪsk /

noun
Actions that cause potential problems
verb
To do something potentially dangerous or foolish

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

toxin

US / ˈtɒksɪn /

•

UK / ˈtɑ:ksɪn /

noun
Any poisonous substance

very

US / 'verɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning a large degree or amount
adverb
A lot; much; many
Used to stress or emphasize a noun

unwaxed

US / /

•

UK / /

adjecitve
Without wax applied for protection

both

US / bəuθ /

•

UK / boθ /

determiner
Used to refer to two things at the same time
pronoun
Used to refer to two things at the same time

celsius

US / ˈselsiəs /

•

UK / ˈselsiəs /

noun
Another name for 'centigrade'

cup

US / kʌp /

•

UK / kʌp /

noun
Small round container used for drinking
Silver trophy teams compete to win
Unit of measurement for foods or liquids
verb
To make the shape of a bowl with your hands

initial

US / ɪ'nɪʃl /

•

UK / ɪˈnɪʃəl /

adjecitve
Existing or occurring at the beginning
noun
First letter of your given name
verb
To authorize something by writing your initials

hold

US / həʊld /

•

UK / hold /

noun
Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
Influence or power held over someone
Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
verb
To agree to keep something for someone
To have the capacity to support/contain something
To control an area and protect it from attack
To not allow someone to leave a place
To cause an event to happen at a place or time
To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
To have a specific quality or property
To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
To have or own something
To wait before being able to talk on the phone
To limit the movement of someone in a sport

pressure

US / 'preʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈprɛʃɚ /

noun
Anxiety caused by difficult problems
Force, weight when pressing against a thing
Strong persuasion to do something
verb
To apply force to something
To persuade or force someone to do something

quart

US / kwɔ:t /

•

UK / kwɔrt /

noun
Unit of liquid equal to two Americanpints

result

US / rɪ'zʌlt /

•

UK / rɪˈzʌlt /

noun
Something produced through tests or experiments
Final score of a competition, election or game
verb
To be the outcome of other causes and effects

space

US / speɪs /

•

UK / spes /

noun
Empty area kept for a specific reason, like a car
Empty area with nothing in it
Area in the sky where the stars are
Area between written words on a page
verb
To make a certain distance or time between

show

US / ʃəʊ /

•

UK / ʃo /

noun
False display of love, emotion or action
An event for displaying or promoting goods
Play, opera or theater production
Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
verb
To be easily seen or displayed
To display your emotions or feelings
To let someone see something; display
To explain or teach how something is done
To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
To prove something to be true, correct
To reveal or allow something to be seen

heap

US / hi:p /

•

UK / hip /

noun
Large, disordered pile of things
Large quantity or amount of something
verb
To express great praise, criticism, and emotions
To place things on top other things in a pile

oven

US / ˈʌvn /

•

UK / ˈʌvən /

noun
Kitchen appliance you put food in to bake, roast

technique

US / tekˈni:k /

•

UK / tɛkˈnik /

noun
Way of doing by using special knowledge or skill

symptom

US / 'sɪmptəm /

•

UK / ˈsɪmtəm, ˈsɪmp- /

noun
Sign that suggests that there is a problem

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

yes

US / jes /

•

UK / jɛs /

adverb
Way to say you agree or will do something

clean

US / kli:n /

•

UK / klin /

adjecitve
Not marked in any way; blank
Done according to the rules or standards; fair
Free from disease or sickness
Being free from dirt or marks; washed
Behaving well; not breaking any rules; legal
adverb
Completely; entirely
verb
To make free from dirt or marks; washed
To make neat and orderly e.g. a room
To remove the inner parts of an animal

completely

US / kəmˈpli:tli /

•

UK / kəmˈpliːtli /

adverb
In every way or as much as possible

perhaps

US / pəˈhæps /

•

UK / pɚˈhæps /

adverb
Possibly, but not certainly; maybe

refrigerate

US / rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪt /

•

UK / rɪˈfrɪdʒəˌret /

verb
To keep food cool to prevent it from spoiling

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

nine

US / naɪn /

•

UK / naɪn /

number
9

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

snug

US / snʌɡ /

•

UK / snʌɡ /

adjecitve
Warm and comfortable; cozy, as in a small room

ten

US / ten /

•

UK / tɛn /

number
10

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

ancient

US / 'eɪnʃənt /

•

UK / ˈenʃənt /

adjecitve
Very old; having lived a very long time ago

another

US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

•

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

adjecitve
One more, but not this
determiner
One more added
pronoun
One more (thing)

bird

US / bɜ:d /

•

UK / bɜ:rd /

noun
Animal with feathers that uses wings to fly

guide

US / ɡaɪd /

•

UK / ɡaɪd /

noun
Book or a magazine containing information/advice
Person leading others visiting an unknown place
verb
To help or advise someone about something
To control missile to hit a target by radio signal
To lead people visiting a new or unknown place

prepare

US / prɪˈpeə(r) /

•

UK / prɪˈper /

verb
To make something ready for use

separation

US / ˌsepəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌsɛpəˈreʃən /

noun
A line that separates; a point of parting; a gap
State of not live together, but are still married

visual

US / 'vɪʒʊəl /

•

UK / ˈvɪʒuəl /

adjecitve
Of or relating to vision
noun
Pictures/images used to help audience understand

bacon

US / ˈbeɪkən /

•

UK / ˈbekən /

noun
Salted meat from a pig

distil

US / dɪˈstɪl /

•

UK / dɪˈstɪl /

verb
To collect the pure form by heating liquid

lie

US / laɪ /

•

UK / lai /

noun
An untrue statement, when you know it is not true
verb
To be in a horizontal or flat position
To say something that you know is not true

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

maintain

US / meɪn'teɪn /

•

UK / menˈten /

verb
To keep saying something a certain way
To keep (machine) working by checking, repairing
To keep, exist or continue without changing

slaughter

US / 'slɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈslɔtɚ /

noun
Act of killing an animal to get its meat
Beating someone easily and totally in a sport
Killing of great numbers of people violently
verb
To kill an animal, usually to get its meat
To beat someone easily and totally in a sport
To kill great numbers of people violently

supermarket

US / ˈsju:pəˌmɑ:kit /

•

UK / ˈsupɚˌmɑrkɪt /

noun
Self-service store selling groceries etc.

typically

US / ˈtɪpɪkli /

•

UK / ˈtɪpɪklɪ /

adverb
In a normal or usual way

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

fifteen

US / ˌfɪfˈti:n /

•

UK / fɪfˈtin /

number
15

inhibit

US / ɪn'hɪbɪt /

•

UK / ɪnˈhɪbɪt /

verb
To stop a person expressing themselves normally
To stop something happening; restrain something

jar

US / dʒɑ:(r) /

•

UK / dʒɑr /

noun
Glass container for foods
verb
To have a harsh or unsettling effect on someone
To make a harsh sound to the ears

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

appropriate

US / ə'prəʊprɪət /

•

UK / əˈpropriɪt /

adjecitve
Right or suitable for some situation or purpose
verb
To set aside money for a specific later purpose
To take (money or goods) without permission

approximately

US / əˈprɒksɪmətli /

•

UK / əˈprɑksəmɪtlɪ /

adverb
Around; nearly; almost; about (a number)

contemporary

US / kən'temprərɪ /

•

UK / kənˈtɛmpəˌrɛri /

adjecitve
Being modern, up -to-date, of this age
Happening in the same time period
noun
Person doing things at the same time as you

dawn

US / dɔ:n /

•

UK / dɔn /

noun
First light of day
Person's name
verb
To begin to grow light as the sun rises
To begin to be understood for the first time

leave

US / li:v /

•

UK / liv /

noun
Permission to do something
Vacation time; time off work
verb
To go away from; depart
To gift property to someone after you die
To allow something to continue happening
To let something remain unused or available
To let something or someone remain somewhere

thoroughly

US / ˈθʌrəli /

•

UK / ˈθɜ:rəli /

adverb
In a complete way, without missing any part

tight

US / taɪt /

•

UK / taɪt /

adjecitve
Showing anxiety or anger; tense
Positioned physically close together
Managed or controlled in a strict and careful way
(Of road, bend) curving sharply
Drunk
Being equally matched in ability or score
Lacking extra space
Having limited time available
Being very limited in supply
Not generous; mean with money; stingy
(Rope or tie) pulled strongly
Being in a good solid relationship
adverb
Firmly; so it can't move

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

anything

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
A thing of any kind

form

US / fɔ:m /

•

UK / fɔrm /

noun
Sports team or person's current winning record
Document you complete when making an application
Visible shape or style; type; kind
verb
To organize something such as a club or group
To develop; to come into a shape or substance
To make something into a particular shape

garden

US / ˈgɑ:dn /

•

UK / ˈgɑ:rdn /

noun
Yard; ground outside your house to grow plants
Public park in which visitors can see flowers
verb
To work in a yard to grow plants, vegetables

gauge

US / ɡeɪdʒ /

•

UK / ɡedʒ /

noun
A tool used to measure things
verb
To measure or make a judgment about something

flame

US / fleɪm /

•

UK / flem /

noun
The red part you can see in fire
verb
To glow
To burn or glow in a fire
To glow (as in the sun or sunset)
To send angry messages over the Internet; to troll

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

hot

US / hɒt /

•

UK / hɑ:t /

adjecitve
Angry or excited
Being very good at something
Having a high temperature
Popular and causing a great deal of excitement
Attractive in a sexually exciting way
(Of food) very spicy
Stolen; dangerous to buy or trade in

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

plug

US / plʌg /

•

UK / plʌɡ /

noun
Wood, rubber or metal used to block a hole
Thing on a wire to connect to electricity supply
A promotion of a product
verb
To use an object to block a hole
To promote or advertise a product

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

temperature

US / ˈtemprətʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə- /

noun
When you your body heat is above normal
How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather

spoon

US / spu:n /

•

UK / spun /

noun
Tool with a rounded end for eating ice cream, etc.
verb
To serve ice cream, etc. using a spoon

direct

US / də'rekt /

•

UK / dɪˈrɛkt, daɪ- /

adverb
Coming straight from something
verb
To tell someone in a very clear way to do something
To show the way by conducting or leading
To control the acting in a movie or play

early

US / ˈɜ:li /

•

UK / ˈɜ:rli /

adjecitve
Happening or appearing before
adverb
Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
Happening sooner than expected

industry

US / 'ɪndəstrɪ /

•

UK / ˈɪndəstri /

noun
Hard work; being busy working
Factories or businesses that make certain products

ingredient

US / ɪnˈgri:diənt /

•

UK / ɪnˈɡridiənt /

noun
Food item used when making a meal or drink
Quality necessary to be something to work well

large

US / lɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

adjecitve
Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

overcrowd

US / ˌəʊvə'kraʊd /

•

UK / ˌoʊvə'kraʊd /

verb
To have too many people or things in

recipe

US / 'resəpɪ /

•

UK / ˈrɛsəˌpi /

noun
Conditions likely to create a particular result
Directions for making a dish, with the ingredients

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

culture

US / 'kʌltʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌltʃɚ /

noun
Beliefs and customs of a particular group

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

simmer

US / 'sɪmə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsɪmɚ /

verb
To cook or be cooked so that it is just boiling

strain

US / streɪn /

•

UK / stren /

noun
Injury to a muscle, leg etc. through overuse
Type or variation of a disease or bacillus
verb
To remove the water from (food) using a colander
To injure a muscle, leg etc. by using it too much

vinegar

US / ˈvɪnɪgə(r) /

•

UK / ˈvɪnɪɡɚ /

noun
Sharp-tasting liquid made from sour wine, malt etc.

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

seed

US / si:d /

•

UK / sid /

noun
A person's children; offspring
Part of a plant used to grow more on them
Source of a feeling or thought
Top-ranked person in a competition, e.g. in tennis
verb
(Of plants) to produce seeds for the future
To produce seeds, as a plant
To remove the center part from a fruit or vegetable
To be the source of a feeling or thought
To plant seeds in the ground

boil

US / bɔɪl /

•

UK / bɔɪl /

verb
To become extremely angry or excited
To cook in very hot water
To make liquids hot so they turn to gas

bottom

US / 'bɒtəm /

•

UK / ˈbɑtəm /

adjecitve
Concerning the part under something, e.g. a vase
noun
The part of your body you sit on
Lowest position, often in a company or contest
Lowest part of something; part on which it rests
Lowest level, part or point of an object
The part under something, e.g. a vase
verb
To hit the lowest part of something

each

US / i:tʃ /

•

UK / itʃ /

determiner
Every one of two or more things
pronoun
Per one person or thing

ground

US / graʊnd /

•

UK / ɡraʊnd /

noun
Connection of electrical equipment to earth
Place where people play particular sports
Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
verb
To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
To make sharp or smooth through friction
To press together with force making a sound
To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
To hit the bottom
(Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
To prevent a plane from taking off
To place the ball over the goal line in rugby

method

US / 'meθəd /

•

UK / ˈmɛθəd /

noun
(Organized and planned) way of doing something

recommend

US / ˌrekə'mend /

•

UK / ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd /

verb
To advise or suggest that someone do something

comment

US / 'kɒment /

•

UK / ˈkɑmɛnt /

noun
Something you say, giving an opinion; remark
verb
To say something that gives your opinion

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

during

US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

preposition
At some point in the course of an event or thing

fire

US / 'faɪə(r) /

•

UK / faɪr /

noun
Heat and the flame produced when burning
Intense energy for or about something
verb
To apply heat to something to make it hard
To make a person leave their job; dismiss
To shoot a gun or weapon
To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
To start working on something e.g. a project

egg

US / eg /

•

UK / ɛɡ /

noun
Hard-shelled thing from which a young bird is born

include

US / ɪnˈklu:d /

•

UK / ɪnˈklud /

verb
To make someone, something part of a group

must

US / məst /

•

UK / mʌst /

noun
Something that is necessary or required
other
(Used to state that something ought to be true)
Used to say something is required or necessary

psi

US / psaɪ /

•

UK / psaɪ /

noun
Unit of pressure the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet

practice

US / 'præktɪs /

•

UK / ˈpræktɪs /

noun
The office and place for legal or medical work
Doing something many times to become better at it
verb
To work as a doctor or lawyer
To live according to the teachings of a religion
To do something many times to improve a skill

sea

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Very large group of people, similar-looking things
Large body of salty water with land around it

preserve

US / prɪˈzɜ:v /

•

UK / prɪˈzɜ:rv /

noun
Protected area of land with plants and animals
verb
To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
To protect something from harm, loss or damage
To keep or maintain unchanged or perfect

step

US / step /

•

UK / stɛp /

noun
Movement done as part of a particular dance
Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
One part or stage in a process
Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
verb
To raise and moving the foot to put it down

case

US / keɪs /

•

UK / kes /

noun
Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
Set of facts about a crime
Set of facts about an event
Example or instance of something
verb
To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

depth

US / depθ /

•

UK / dɛpθ /

noun
Distance below a surface

enough

US / ɪˈnʌf /

•

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

adjecitve
Sufficient to answer the need
adverb
To a satisfactory degree
pronoun
Equal to what is needed; as much as required
Adequate number or amount

grocery

US / 'ɡrəʊsərɪ /

•

UK / 'ɡroʊsərɪ /

noun
Daily foods such as flour, sugar, and tinned foods

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

proper

US / 'prɒpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈprɑpɚ /

adjecitve
Correct according to social or moral rules

require

US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

verb
To demand that someone does something
To need to do something, to make it necessary

suitable

US / ˈsu:təbl /

•

UK / ˈsutəbəl /

adjecitve
Right for a particular purpose or occasion
(Of clothes) appropriate for a given occasion

type

US / taɪp /

•

UK / taɪp /

noun
Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
Group of things or people sharing common features
verb
To identify something belonging to a group
To write by touching keys on a keyboard

bacteria

US / bæk'tɪərɪə /

•

UK / bækˈtɪriə /

noun
The very small creatures that can cause disease

difficulty

US / ˈdɪfɪkəlti /

•

UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlti, -kəl- /

noun
Something that is hard to do

feeder

US / ˈfi:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈfidɚ /

adjecitve
Part of a system which supplies the main part
noun
Device that supplies food to animals
Animal eating a certain food or in a certain way

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

solidly

US / ˈsɒlɪdli /

•

UK / ˈsɑ:lɪdli /

adverb
So as to be solid or filled right through

additionally

US / ə'dɪʃənəlɪ /

•

UK / ə'dɪʃənəlɪ /

adverb
Also; as well

requirement

US / rɪ'kwaɪəmənt /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪrmənt /

noun
A demand that someone does something
Something that is a necessity

sauce

US / sɔ:s /

•

UK / sɔs /

noun
Food made from cooked fruit, e.g. apples or mangos

soapy

US / 'səʊpɪ /

•

UK / ˈsopi /

adjecitve
Resembling or having the qualities of soap

square

US / skweə(r) /

•

UK / skwɛr /

adjecitve
Being fair or honest
Multiply a number by itself e.g. 2x2 or 6x6
noun
Shape with 4 equal length sides and 4 equal angles
The result of multiplying Length by the width
Open public area in the middle of the town
verb
To make something balance or be equal
To multiply a number by itself, e.g. 2x2 or 6x8
To straighten the edge to form a four-sided shape

tell

US / tel /

•

UK / tɛl /

verb
To (strongly) advise a person to do something
To be able to guess
To say or communicate information to someone
To inform, but without speaking; indicate
To have a negative effect on someone
To order someone to do something; command
To recognize something based on certain signs
To report something to an authority
To explain something or teach someone something

stay

US / steɪ /

•

UK / ste /

noun
Legal order to stop or delay an action
Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
verb
To keep trying without giving up
To remain in the same place and not move away
To spend time visiting a place or someone's home

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

different

US / ˈdɪfrənt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

adjecitve
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

US / 'pi:pl /

•

UK / ˈpipəl /

noun
Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
Men, Women, Children

second

US / 'sekənd /

•

UK / ˈsɛkənd /

adjecitve
2nd; the one following first
noun
Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
Short period of time that you wait for someone
(Do) soon

secure

US / sɪ'kjʊə(r) /

•

UK / sɪˈkjʊr /

adjecitve
Being attached to something tightly and surely
(Place that is) locked, guarded and safe
verb
To get or achieve something with certainty
To firmly attach something to something else
To protect from danger or harm, keep things safe

prefer

US / prɪˈfɜ:(r) /

•

UK / prɪˈfɚ /

verb
To like something better than something else

sit

US / sɪt /

•

UK / sɪt /

verb
To take an exam
To be in a resting position on a chair
To provide seating for people
To remain in a still position while being painted

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

curl

US / kɜ:l /

•

UK / kɚrl /

noun
Something that has the shape of a curve or ring
verb
To form something into a round or curved shape
To become curved around the edges

equipment

US / ɪˈkwɪpmənt /

•

UK / ɪˈkwɪpmənt /

noun
Tools or materials used to perform a task

refrigeration

US / rɪˌfrɪdʒə'reɪʃn /

•

UK / rɪˌfrɪdʒə'reɪʃn /

noun
Process of cooling food or keeping it cool

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

leather

US / ˈleðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlɛðɚ /

noun
Chemically tanned animal skin, e.g. for shoes

preservation

US / ˌprezəˈveɪʃn /

•

UK / ˈprɛzɚ'veʃən /

noun
Keeping something in a good, undamaged state

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

thirty

US / 'θɜ:tɪ /

•

UK / ˈθə:ti /

number
30

cause

US / kɔ:z /

•

UK / kɔz /

noun
Belief, goal or organization that people support
Reason for
verb
To make something happen; create effect or result

grease

US / gri:s /

•

UK / ɡris /

noun
Liquid or melted fat from animals used for cooking
Thick gel used to lubricate a machine
verb
To use grease to lubricate a machine

mainly

US / ˈmeɪnli /

•

UK / ˈmenli /

adverb
Mostly; usually; being the largest part

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

starter

US / ˈstɑ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈstɑ:rtə(r) /

noun
Electric motor for starting an engine
First part of a big meal, e.g. soup or salad

unrefrigerated

US / /

•

UK / /

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

cut

US / kʌt /

•

UK / kʌt /

noun
Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
verb
To reduce the size or amount of something
To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

life

US / laɪf /

•

UK / laɪf /

noun
All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
Period of time things live, from birth to death

scoop

US / sku:p /

•

UK / skup /

noun
An amount of e.g. ice cream taken from a whole
An important news story broken for the first time
verb
To dig out for a hole with a tool or hands

technically

US / ˈteknɪkli /

•

UK / ˈtɛknɪkl:ɪ /

adverb
In an exact and particular manner

zero

US / ˈzɪərəʊ /

•

UK / ˈzɪroʊ /

noun
Temperature when water turns to ice
number
Number 0
verb
To set a scale or other device to show 0

food

US / fu:d /

•

UK / fud /

noun
What people and animals eat to live
Things taken in by plants to maintain life
A particular style or type of cooking, e.g. Asian

italian

US / ɪ'tælɪən /

•

UK / ɪˈtæljən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Italy
noun
Person from Italy

mason

US / ˈmeɪsn /

•

UK / ˈmesən /

noun
Someone who is a builder, and builds using stone

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

determiner
Belonging to us

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

size

US / saɪz /

•

UK / saɪz /

noun
How big or small a thing is
Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
verb
To make something to fit a particular measurement
To organize or group from small to large

admittedly

US / ədˈmɪtɪdli /

•

UK / ædˈmɪtɪdli /

adverb
Used to show (slight or unwilling) agreement

bean

US / bi:n /

•

UK / bin /

noun
Large seed eaten as a vegetable

clay

US / kleɪ /

•

UK / kle /

noun
Heavy sticky earth used to make pottery
Person's name

civilization

US / ˌsɪvəlaɪ'zeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeʃən /

noun
A highly developed society

involve

US / ɪn'vɒlv /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɑlv /

verb
To have or be included as a part of something

necessary

US / 'nesəsərɪ /

•

UK / ˈnɛsɪˌsɛri /

adjecitve
Needed or required; unavoidable

moisture

US / 'mɔɪstʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɔɪstʃɚ /

noun
Small amount of wetness that can be felt

neurotoxin

US / ˌnjuərəuˈtɔksin /

•

UK / ˈnʊroˌtɑksɪn, ˈnjʊr- /

noun
Any toxin that affects neural tissues

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

study

US / 'stʌdɪ /

•

UK / ˈstʌdi /

noun
Room that a person studies or reads in
Piece of research
Topic or subject you research or learn about
verb
To focus on learning something usually at school

tightness

US / taɪtnəs /

•

UK / taɪtnəs /

noun
Lack of movement or room for movement

collect

US / kəˈlekt /

•

UK / kəˈlɛkt /

adverb
By asking the receiver of a call to pay for it
verb
To ask for money, e.g. for a charity
To gather things, people together in one place
To get and keep one type of things as a hobby
To take things and bring them together
To go and receive, e.g. a prize or an award
To take control of your own feelings or thoughts

credit

US / 'kredɪt /

•

UK / ˈkrɛdɪt /

adjecitve
Having a positive amount of money
noun
System to buy something and pay for it later
Points earned instead of money
Quality of having a good reputation for a reason
Points earned towards a university degree
verb
To add a certain amount of money to a total
To recognize someone's achievements or help

crispy

US / 'krɪspɪ /

•

UK / ˈkrɪspi /

adjecitve
Dry and breaking with a sharp sound

herb

US / hɜ:b /

•

UK / ɜ:rb /

noun
Small leafy plant used in medicines or food

round

US / raʊnd /

•

UK / raʊnd /

adjecitve
Being in the shape of a circle or ball
Consisting of curved and not straight lines
Somewhat fat or curved in physical appearance
Being a whole number, not a fraction, decimal
adverb
From beginning to end (e.g. of the year)
noun
One of the three-minute periods in boxing
Drinks bought by one person for a group
Series regular visits, routes, or stops at places
Single shot or bullet fired from a gun
An object with a circular shape
One stage in a series of games, e.g. football
One's turn in a game such as cards
preposition
Going around
verb
To cause or make a circular or curved shape
To go or pass around the bend or corner
To change from a fraction to nearest whole number

wide

US / waɪd /

•

UK / waɪd /

adjecitve
Having a great distance from one side to the other
adverb
Fully; completely

eighteenth

US / ˌeɪ'ti:nθ /

•

UK / eˈtinθ /

noun
18th

safety

US / ˈseɪfti /

•

UK / ˈsefti /

noun
Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
State of being free from harm or danger

weight

US / weɪt /

•

UK / wet /

noun
How heavy something is
Metal object to measure how heavy something is
Importance, power, and influence person, thing has
A source of worry, sadness, or emotional stress

video

US / 'vɪdɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈvɪdiˌo /

adjecitve
Of a moving film, with sound
noun
Recording capturing action with sound
verb
To make a moving film of, with sound

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

bay

US / beɪ /

•

UK / be /

noun
Part of an ocean or lake partly surrounded by land

coat

US / kəʊt /

•

UK / koʊt /

noun
Clothing worn outside over your normal clothes
verb
To cover something thinly with something

pack

US / pæk /

•

UK / pæk /

noun
Bag carried on the back of donkey, etc.
Group of people, animals, or objects
verb
To put things in a suitcase to go on a trip
To crowd a place with a large amount of things
To put something into a container to store it

same

US / seɪm /

•

UK / sem /

adjecitve
Being equal in quality and amount
Identical; not different
Not changing; constant

botulism

US / ˈbɒtʃəlɪzəm /

•

UK / ˈbɑːtʃəlɪzəm /

noun
Food poisoning from ingesting botulin; not infectious; affects the CNS; can be fatal if not treated

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

content

US / 'kɒntent /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌtɛnt /

adjecitve
Being happy or satisfied
noun
Information in something, e.g. book or computer

pottery

US / 'pɒtərɪ /

•

UK / ˈpɑtəri /

noun
Factory where pots/bowls are made from clay
Pots/bowls made from clay and baked in an oven
Making pots, bowls, and other objects from clay

raw

US / rɔ: /

•

UK / rɔ /

adjecitve
Being uncontrolled or strong, as your emotions
Being inexperienced
Being in a natural or unchanged state
(Of skin) being red and sore on the surface
(Of foods) uncooked

recent

US / 'ri:snt /

•

UK / ˈrisənt /

adjecitve
Happening or beginning not long ago

record

US / 'rekɔ:d /

•

UK / ˈrekərd /

noun
Highest or most extreme level achieved
Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
History of a person's past actions or achievements
verb
To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
To write down or say what happened
To put music, sounds onto a device to store it

alongside

US / əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd /

•

UK / əˌlɔ:ŋˈsaɪd /

preposition
Side by side with something

measure

US / ˈmeʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɛʒɚ /

noun
Plan to achieve a desired result
Tool used to calculate the size of something
verb
To determine the value or importance of something
To calculate size, weight or temperature of

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

mold

US / məʊld /

•

UK / mold /

noun
Distinctive type of character or nature
Fungus growing on old food or in wet dark places
Container to shape material into a certain form
verb
To influence a person's character or behavior
To form something into a shape

sage

US / seɪdʒ /

•

UK / sedʒ /

adjecitve
Very wise
noun
Someone who is very wise

appearance

US / əˈpɪərəns /

•

UK / əˈpɪrəns /

noun
The way a person looks to others
The way that something looks

center

US / 'sentə /

•

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

noun
Community place people go health or social reasons
Place in the middle of something
Person or thing that is attracting attention
verb
To direct focus toward something

cure

US / kjʊə(r) /

•

UK / kjʊr /

noun
Something that solves a problem or makes it better
Medical treatment making a sick person healthy
verb
To fix or improve a problem
To make someone healthy or make a disease go away
To keep food from going bad by drying or salting

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

mark

US / mɑ:k /

•

UK / mɑrk /

noun
Person's name
A dirty spot or line on something
Grade or score given for homework
Line or symbol made when writing
Particular point on a scale of measurement
Grade, such as a student receives in school
Stain or spot on something
Sign or symbol of a quality of feeling
Written sign or symbol
verb
To put a dirty spot or line on something
To give a grade for homework
To indicate something with a sign or symbol
To make or leave a visible sign of (path, etc.)
(Animals) to go to the toilet to show your area
To write or draw a line on something

twelve

US / twelv /

•

UK / twɛlv /

number
12

almost

US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /

•

UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /

adverb
Only a little less than, nearly, not quite

cover

US / 'kʌvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌvɚ /

noun
A different version of another song
Bed sheets; blankets
(Police or military) protection from attack
Amount of money to be paid in an insurance claim
Thing you put over something to close or hide it
Front and back part of a book or magazine
Shelter built to protect from the natural elements
verb
To record a different version of another song
To include as part of its area
To put something over something to hide it
To discuss a subject in a talk or meeting
To form a layer over something so it is hidden
To have sufficient funds to pay for something
To include something within an agreed limit
To report news on TV, radio or in a newspaper
(Police or military) to protect from attack
To travel a certain distance in a given time
To wrap something with something, such as a cloth

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

century

US / 'sentʃərɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /

noun
Period of 100 years

extra

US / 'ekstrə /

•

UK / 'ekstrə /

adjecitve
More than necessary; additional
noun
Items more than you need; additional items
Person who has a small part in a movie
Special version of a newspaper

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

ingest

US / ɪnˈdʒest /

•

UK / ɪn'dʒest /

verb
To eat, drink, or swallow something

merely

US / ˈmiəli /

•

UK / ˈmɪrli /

adverb
Only, simply, or nothing more than

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

six

US / sɪks /

•

UK / sɪks /

number
6

substance

US / 'sʌbstəns /

•

UK / ˈsʌbstəns /

noun
Essence of; most basic or central qualities
Particular type of material
Having material form; existing
Quality of truth, importance, or meaningfulness

transfer

US / træns'fɜ:(r) /

•

UK / trænsˈfɚ /

noun
Moving to a different place, job, or school
Act of giving the right to a property to another
Picture that is pressed to copy it onto something
Use of ideas or skills in a different situation
Ticket allowing you to get on another plane, bus
verb
To move to a different place, job or school
To give someone an illness through contact
To give someone your right to a property
To move something from one place to another
To use ideas or skills in a different situation
To get off a plane, bus etc. and get on another

without

US / wɪˈðaʊt /

•

UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /

preposition
Not with; not having

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

dark

US / dɑ:k /

•

UK / dɑrk /

adjecitve
Of a color that is not light
Marked by unhappiness or hopelessness
Having little or no light; not light in color
noun
The time of day when the sky is black

hundred

US / 'hʌndrəd /

•

UK / ˈhʌndrɪd /

number
100

mouth

US / maʊθ /

•

UK / maʊθ /

noun
Hole in the face used for eating and talking
Opening of a container such as a bottle
Area where a river enters a large body of water
verb
To say words without speaking

properly

US / ˈprɔpəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɑːpərli /

adverb
In an appropriate or correct manner

sterilize

US / ˈsterəlaɪz /

•

UK / ˈstɛrəlaɪz /

verb
To remove bacteria by boiling or heat
To make an animal unable to produce young

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

decade

US / ˈdekeɪd /

•

UK / ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked /

noun
Period of 10 years

eleven

US / ɪˈlevn /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛvən /

number
11

fahrenheit

US / ˈfærənhaɪt /

•

UK / ˈfærənˌhaɪt /

noun
Measurement of temperature

full

US / fʊl /

•

UK / fʊl /

adjecitve
Containing all the parts; complete
Containing or holding as much as possible
Having had enough food
adverb
In a direct manner; completely

history

US / 'hɪstrɪ /

•

UK / ˈhɪstəri /

noun
Established pattern or record
Study of past events as an academic subject

tightly

US / ˈtaɪtli /

•

UK / ˈtaɪtlɪ /

adverb
In a manner that doesn't allow movement

accord

US / ə'kɔ:d /

•

UK / əˈkɔ:rd /

noun
Agreement or harmony
An agreement or treaty between countries
verb
To be in harmony or agreement; consent
To give (someone) the respect due to them

diameter

US / daɪˈæmɪtə(r) /

•

UK / daɪˈæmɪtɚ /

noun
Distance across the center of an object

low

US / ləʊ /

•

UK / lo /

adjecitve
Having a small quantity, supply, or amount
Being unhappy or unpleasant in attitude
Not high; being near the ground, or bottom
(Of a voice, sound) being soft; quiet
noun
Situation of not having a lot of something

meat

US / mi:t /

•

UK / mit /

noun
Flesh of a dead animal that you eat
Something that is important or significant

nor

US / nɔ:(r) /

•

UK / nɔr /

conjunction
Not this or that; also not

onto

US / ˈɒntə /

•

UK / ˈɑnˌtu, -tə, ˈɔn- /

preposition
Towards a certain direction/into a certain area

soften

US / 'sɒfn /

•

UK / ˈsɔfən, ˈsɑfən /

other
To make something less hard or firm
verb
To make more sympathetic or less strict
To make something less hard or firm

serve

US / sɜ:v /

•

UK / sɚv /

verb
To act in a particular position or office
To hit the first ball to an opponent in tennis etc.
To be used for a particular purpose
To give someone food or drinks
To give a person or group a service that is needed
To spend a particular amount of time in prison
To help customers find products and making sales
To give an official paper to appear in court

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

clear

US / klɪə(r) /

•

UK / klɪr /

adjecitve
Empty; without anything in it or on it
Being certain and without doubt
Being without any streaks, spots, or cracks
Easy to understand; well-explained; obvious
adverb
Completely; entirely; through the whole of
Away from; free from
verb
To recover from or remove a problem
To get rid of the entire contents of
To give permission for something to happen
To make a place or surface empty by removing
To prove that someone is not guilty or to blame

kitchen

US / ˈkɪtʃɪn /

•

UK / ˈkɪtʃən /

noun
Place where food is cooked

raise

US / reɪz /

•

UK / rez /

noun
Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
Pay increase
verb
To increase a bet above another when playing cards
To gather donations for a cause or charity
To bring up and educate a child to maturity
To bring a dead person to life
To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
To increase (salary, etc.)
To grow or care for plants or animals

rinse

US / rɪns /

•

UK / rɪns /

noun
Washing off small amount of dirt, soap suds, etc.
A form of shampoo or conditioner
A light wash
verb
To wash off small amounts of dirt, soap suds, etc.
To wash lightly

worldwide

US / ˈwɜ:ldwaɪd /

•

UK / ˈwɚldˈwaɪd /

adjecitve
Spanning or extending throughout the entire world
adverb

complete

US / kəm'pli:t /

•

UK / kəmˈplit /

adjecitve
Being finished; done; achieved
Being as perfect and as total as could be
verb
To finish or reach the end of doing something

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

enjoy

US / ɪnˈdʒɔɪ /

•

UK / ɛnˈdʒɔɪ /

verb
To take pleasure in something

foot

US / fʊt /

•

UK / fʊt /

noun
Base of something such as a mountain or vase
Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

handle

US / 'hændl /

•

UK / ˈhændl /

noun
The part of a door you hold to open it
Thing you hold to carry or open a bag, pan etc.
verb
To cope with or take responsibility for
To control a machine, car etc.
To control or be controlled /used in a certain way
To deal with a particular situation/person; manage
To buy, sell, or move materials or goods
To hold, control, or use something with the hands
To touch objects with the hands to look at them

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

ninety

US / 'naɪntɪ /

•

UK / ˈnaɪnti /

number
90

often

US / ˈɔfən /

•

UK / ˈɔfən,ˈɑfən,ˈɔftən,ˈɑf- /

adverb
Many times; frequently; on many occasions

rack

US / ræk /

•

UK / ræk /

noun
A frame, stand, hook on which things are hung
verb
To cause someone pain or suffering

slightly

US / ˈslaɪtli /

•

UK / ˈslaɪtli /

adverb
Only a little

structural

US / ˈstrʌktʃərəl /

•

UK / ˈstrʌktʃərəl /

adjecitve
Concerning or caused by structure

breakfast

US / ˈbrekfəst /

•

UK / ˈbrɛkfəst /

noun
First meal of the day
verb
To have the first meal of the day

excellent

US / ˈeksələnt /

•

UK / ˈɛksələnt /

adjecitve
Extremely good

instance

US / 'ɪnstəns /

•

UK / ˈɪnstəns /

noun
An example of something; case
verb
To give as an example of something else

process

US / prə'ses /

•

UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /

noun
Dealing with official forms in the way required
Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
verb
To organize and use data in a computer
To deal with official forms in the way required
To prepare by treating something in a certain way
To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
To convert by putting something through a machine

store

US / stɔ:(r) /

•

UK / stɔr, stor /

noun
Place where things are kept for future use
Place where you can go to buy things
verb
To put things in a place for later use

recently

US / ˈri:sntli /

•

UK / 'risṇtlɪ /

adverb
Just a while ago; not long ago

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

spore

US / spɔ:(r) /

•

UK / spɔr, spor /

noun
Tiny cell like dust that can reproduce itself

below

US / bɪ'ləʊ /

•

UK / bɪˈlo /

preposition
In a lower position, place, or level

efficient

US / ɪˈfɪʃnt /

•

UK / ɪˈfɪʃənt /

adjecitve
Able to produce results without waste

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

pepper

US / ˈpepə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpɛpɚ /

verb
To spread around randomly, as with bullets
noun
Green, red, or yellow vegetable with hollow center
Hard covering of berries used as spices

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

safely

US / ˈseɪfli /

•

UK / ˈseflɪ /

adverb
Out of danger

accustom

US / əˈkʌstəm /

•

UK / əˈkʌstəm /

transitive verb
Make (someone or something) accept something as normal or usual.

crisp

US / krɪsp /

•

UK / krɪsp /

adjecitve
(Of weather) chilly; a little cold
noun
Thin fried slices of potatoes, eaten as a snack
verb
To make or become dry and crisp, as with heat

garlic

US / 'ɡɑ:lɪk /

•

UK / ˈɡɑrlɪk /

noun
Strong-smelling white bulb used in cooking

free

US / fri: /

•

UK / fri /

adjecitve
Living, happening without being controlled
Costing no money
Not working; not busy
verb
To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison

may

US / meɪ /

•

UK / me /

noun
5th month of the year
other
Used to express a desire
Expresses permission, possibility or probability
Used to show that a thing could be true

sausage

US / ˈsɒsɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈsɔ:sɪdʒ /

noun
Finely chopped and seasoned meat in a skin

ready

US / 'redɪ /

•

UK / ˈrɛdi /

adjecitve
Being likely or about to do something
Being willing to do a task
verb
To prepare something for use or action

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

word

US / wɜ:d /

•

UK / wɚd /

noun
Unit of language that has a meaning
Promise
Short remark or piece of information
verb
To express something by choosing particular words

wash

US / wɒʃ /

•

UK / wɑ:ʃ /

noun
Clothes or other items that need cleaning
Movement of water with or against something else
verb
To clean someone or something with soap and water
To move somewhere by flowing

actively

US / 'æktɪvlɪ /

•

UK / 'æktɪvlɪ /

adverb
Doing things to achieve a specific goal

adjust

US / əˈdʒʌst /

•

UK / əˈdʒʌst /

verb
To change; to attain a desired state or function
To change so as to fit in with new conditions

contact

US / 'kɒntækt /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌtækt /

adjecitve
Touching or feeling something
noun
Touching or feeling something
Object that allows electricity to run through it
Communication with someone or something
People who can give you information, introductions
verb
To get in touch with someone

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

season

US / ˈsi:zn /

•

UK / ˈsizən /

noun
One of Spring, Summer, Autumn (Fall) and Winter
Time of year when something usually happens
verb
To add pepper and salt to something
To prepare wood for use by allowing it to dry

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

fit

US / fɪt /

•

UK / fɪt /

adjecitve
Good looking; physically attractive
Proper or acceptable; morally or socially correct
noun
Sudden loss of body control; attack (of crying)
verb
To install a machine, equipment etc.
To adjust or change to the right size or shape
To be the right size and shape that you want

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

lid

US / lɪd /

•

UK / lɪd /

noun
Cover that can be lifted or removed, as on bottles

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

material

US / məˈtɪəriəl /

•

UK / məˈtɪriəl /

adjecitve
Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
Belonging to the world of physical things
noun
Cloth; fabric
Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
Substance from which a thing is made of

mention

US / 'menʃn /

•

UK / ˈmɛnʃən /

noun
Act of referring to or talking about something
verb
To refer to or talk or write about something

lead

US / li:d /

•

UK / lid /

adjecitve
Being the main part in movies or plays
noun
Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
Information that could help to solve a crime
Main part in a play or movie
Heavy, gray metal element
Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
Act of being at the front in a race or game
verb
To show the way or guide others
To be at the front of a race or game
To travel in front of; go in advance of others

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

commercial

US / kəˈmə:ʃəl /

•

UK / kəˈmɚʃəl /

adjecitve
noun
Radio or television advertisement

cooker

US / 'kʊkə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʊkɚ /

noun
Piece of kitchen equipment with oven burners etc.

essential

US / ɪ'senʃl /

•

UK / ɪˈsɛnʃəl /

adjecitve
Extremely or most important and necessary

effective

US / ɪˈfektɪv /

•

UK / ɪˈfɛktɪv /

adjecitve
Working efficiently to produce a desired result

half

US / hɑ:f /

•

UK / hæf, hɑf /

adjecitve
Not complete
adverb
Partly; somewhat
noun
One of two equal periods of game time in a sport
The part you get when one is divided into two;

instruction

US / ɪn'strʌkʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˈstrʌkʃən /

noun
A command for someone formally to do something
Act of teaching or explaining to others
Information about how to do or use something

level

US / 'levl /

•

UK / ˈlɛvəl /

adjecitve
(Sports) equal to another
Being steady and determined (e.g. a voice)
noun
Specific height of something
Amount of ability you have compared to others
Floor or deck within a building
Tool used to determine if something is lying flat
verb
To aim a gun at someone
To destroy a building; flatten an area completely
To make things flat or even
To make a score equal to another, in sports

pressurize

US / 'preʃəraɪz /

•

UK / ˈprɛʃəˌraɪz /

verb
To add pressure to something (e.g. a diving suit)

preventer

US / prɪˈvɛntə /

•

UK / prɪˈvɛntər /

other

strip

US / strɪp /

•

UK / strɪp /

noun
Long narrow piece, such as ribbon or land
verb
To remove your clothes (often sexily for someone)
To remove something, e.g. paint from a wall
To take property, dignity away from (someone)

band

US / bænd /

•

UK / bænd /

noun
Group of people who work together e.g. play music
Thin piece of material that wraps around something
verb
To come together to work on a project
To tie things together using string or rope

finger

US / ˈfɪŋgə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɪŋɡɚ /

noun
One of the five long parts of the hand
verb
To touch something with the ends of the hands
To identify the person guilty of a crime

follow

US / ˈfɔləu /

•

UK / ˈfɑlo /

verb
To come after someone; be guided by someone
To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
To be the logical result of something
To happen after something else happens
To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
To understand something happening or being said

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

odour

US / ˈəʊdə(r) /

•

UK / ˈodɚ /

noun
A certain smell, often strong or distinct

bulge

US / bʌldʒ /

•

UK / bʌldʒ /

noun
Rounded full or fat lump on the surface of a thing
Rapid increase in size
verb
To curve outward from the surface, as when full

dance

US / dɑ:ns /

•

UK / dæns /

noun
A series of steps and movements in time to music
A social event with dancing while music is playing
verb
To move your body rhythmically to music

flavour

US / ˈfleɪvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈflevɚ /

noun
Taste of something, especially in food or drink
verb
To add extra taste to a food

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

pull

US / pʊl /

•

UK / pʊl /

noun
Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
Force something has that draws other things to it
Using your hands to move something to you
verb
To breathe in smoke, as from a pipe
To hold something and move it toward you
To remove something by force

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

open

US / 'əʊpən /

•

UK / ˈopən /

adjecitve
Available for use; accessible
Not being hidden; available for others to see
Being available for customers to enter or use
Allowing everyone to use or take part in
Not secret anymore
Not closed or shut
Willing to accept new ideas and thoughts
noun
Name for a tennis or golf competition
verb
To make accessible or able to be used, e.g. road
To start the activities or services of a business
To make a space or hole appear in something
To move or change so that it is no longer closed
To start something, e.g. a new business

strength

US / streŋθ /

•

UK / strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ /

noun
Condition of being strong

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

turn

US / tɜ:n /

•

UK / tɚn /

noun
Place where changing of direction happens
Your time or chance to perform a duty
Your chance to play or do in say a game
Unexpected change, as in the weather
verb
To become (a particular age)
To become a different quality, color, etc.
To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
To move in an opposite direction or position
To shape metal with a spinning tool

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

dish

US / dɪʃ /

•

UK / dɪʃ /

noun
Good-looking person of the opposite sex
Shallow container that you cook or serve food in
Food that has been prepared in a certain way

depression

US / dɪ'preʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈprɛʃən /

noun
Medical condition of a lack of vitality
Period of unemployment and low economic activity

five

US / faɪv /

•

UK / faɪv /

number
5

integrity

US / ɪnˈtegrəti /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɛɡrɪti /

noun
Quality of being honest, fair and honorable

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

simply

US / ˈsɪmpli /

•

UK / ˈsɪmpli /

adverb
In an easy or clear manner

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

counter

US / 'kaʊntə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkaʊntɚ /

noun
A point in a discussion that puts an opposite view
A narrow table top for serving/preparing food
Person or device that adds the number of things
A token or flat piece used in games
prefix
Being opposite or against something
verb
To say or do something in opposition or resistance
To try to prevent, as by making a different point

destroy

US / dɪ'strɔɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈstrɔɪ /

verb
To damage so badly that something no longer exists
To defeat someone or something easily
To kill a sick or unwanted animal

face

US / feɪs /

•

UK / fes /

noun
Side or outer surface of something
An expression using mouth, nose, eyes etc.
Front part of the head where eyes, mouth etc. are
Characteristics you show in public
verb
To cover a surface with something like paint
To deal with a problem or responsibilities
To look toward; point in a certain direction

pop

US / pɒp /

•

UK / pɑp /

adjecitve
Type of music or art popular with many people
noun
Sweet soda drink
verb
To cause something to open or burst suddenly
To go to or in a place for a brief period of time

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

clove

US / kləuv /

•

UK / klov /

noun
Strongly flavored spice

die

US / daɪ /

•

UK / daɪ /

noun
Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
verb
To cease to function or work
(Of a thing) to stop being used or done
(Of a person) to stop living

extend

US / ɪkˈstend /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɛnd /

verb
To offer something (help, friendship) to someone
To reach from one point to another
To straighten or stretch something out, e.g. leg
To make something last longer

ask

US / ɑ:sk /

•

UK / æsk /

verb
To say to someone that you want something

fraction

US / ˈfrækʃn /

•

UK / ˈfrækʃən /

noun
Small part of something

marinara

US / ˌmærɪ'nærə /

•

UK / ˌmærə'nærə /

noun
Sauce for pasta made of tomatoes, garlic and herbs

piece

US / pi:s /

•

UK / pis /

noun
A counter in a board game
Small part of something larger
verb
To put items together to assemble something

seal

US / si:l /

•

UK / sil /

noun
Large fish-eating animal that lives on sea or land
Official mark made in hot wax to close a document
Piece of rubber used to keep water, dirt out
verb
To close tightly to protect it from leaking
To close an envelop or package
To cover a surface with a substance to protect it

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

amount

US / ə'maʊnt /

•

UK / əˈmaʊnt /

noun
Quantity of something
verb
To add up to a certain figure

black

US / blæk /

•

UK / blæk /

adjecitve
Color of the sky on a dark night
noun
A person with dark skin, often of African origin
Person's name
verb
To fill in something to make it a very dark color

deterrent

US / dɪˈterənt /

•

UK / dɪˈtə:rənt, -ˈtʌr- /

noun
Something stopping people wanting to do something

french

US / frentʃ /

•

UK / frentʃ /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of France
noun
Person's name

head

US / hed /

•

UK / hɛd /

noun
Counter for the number of cattle
Natural mental ability or intelligence
Leader or person with the greatest authority
Mind; mental ability; mental state
Side of a coin with a head on it
Top part of your body with eyes and a mouth
Starting point of something, e.g. a river
verb
To hit a ball with your head in a game
To be first or at the front or top (e.g. a list)
To travel or move toward a particular place; To go in a particular direction
To become the leader of something
To lead or be responsible for something

period

US / ˈpɪəriəd /

•

UK / ˈpɪriəd /

noun
Set amount of time during which events take place
A way to emphasize what you will say
A full stop (.), marking the end of a sentence
A menstrual cycle
A set time for a class to be held

pest

US / pest /

•

UK / pɛst /

noun
Person, often a small child, who bothers people
Insect or small animal that ruins plants or food

plunk

US / plʌŋk /

•

UK / plʌŋk /

noun
Make or move along with a sound as of a horse's hooves striking the ground; set (something or yourse

quality

US / 'kwɒlətɪ /

•

UK / ˈkwɑlɪti /

noun
Feature associated with someone or something
High level of worth or excellence

atmospheric

US / ˌætməsˈferɪk /

•

UK / ˌætməˈsfɛrɪk, -ˈsfɪr- /

adjecitve
Concerning or located in the air around us

crumble

US / ˈkrʌmbl /

•

UK / ˈkrʌmbəl /

verb
To break into small parts or crumbs

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

cool

US / ku:l /

•

UK / kul /

adjecitve
Steady and calm when facing difficulties
Almost cold; not warm or hot
Smart or stylish in a way (young) people admire
Unfriendly in an indirect way; distant
verb
To make something decrease in temperature
(Of an emotion, etc.) to become less strongly felt

kill

US / kɪl /

•

UK / kɪl /

noun
Animal killed by a person or other animal
verb
To cause someone to experience a lot of pain
To end the life of a person or other living thing
To be very funny
To prevent something from continuing or operating
To do something unimportant to pass time quickly

per

US / pə(r) /

•

UK / pɚ /

preposition
In the manner directed or suggested
For each; during each

repurpose

US / ˌri:ˈpɜ:pəs /

•

UK / ˌri:ˈpɜ:rpəs /

transitive verb
Adapt for use in a different purpose.

such

US / sʌtʃ /

•

UK / sʌtʃ /

determiner
Being similar to
(Thing) as previously stated or referred to
adverb
(Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

warm

US / wɔ:m /

•

UK / wɔrm /

adjecitve
Friendly, sincere and kind to others
Being friendly or sincere
Slightly hot; not very hot
verb
To become more friendly or to like something
To make something hotter

sound

US / saʊnd /

•

UK / saʊnd /

adjecitve
Sensible, dependable and reliable
Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
Firm or solid in structure
Sane; not mentally ill
Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
noun
Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
verb
To seem or appear to be, from what was said
To say in a clear deliberate manner
To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

water

US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /

noun
Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
Large area such as an ocean or sea
verb
(Of the eyes) to produce tears
(Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive

check

US / tʃek /

•

UK / tʃɛk /

adjecitve
Decorated with squares made up of lines
noun
Paper showing how much you owe at a restaurant
Printed piece of paper you sign to pay for things
A mark on a form, equivalent to 'yes'; tick
Mark used to show that something is correct
Procedure to prevent errors or control something
verb
To confirm the details of something are correct
To leave your things with staff who look after it
To examine something to see if something is wrong
To examine in order to prevent errors/a problem

chef

US / ʃef /

•

UK / ʃɛf /

noun
Person whose job is to cook food in a restaurant
The top assistant in a professional kitchen

consume

US / kən'sju:m /

•

UK / kənˈsum /

verb
To eat, drink, buy or use up something
To take all your energy; focus the attention

depend

US / dɪˈpend /

•

UK / dɪˈpend /

verb
Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)

green

US / gri:n /

•

UK / ɡrin /

adjecitve
Color of young leaves
Covered with vegetation, e.g. grass
Concerned about protecting the environment
The color of young leaves
Lacking in experience/knowledge due to being young
Being not fully grown or ripe, as in fruit
noun
Large grassy area
used as a part of a name of a place (UK)

homemade

US / 'həʊm'meɪd /

•

UK / ˈhomˈmed /

adjecitve
Made at home, not in a factory

purchase

US / ˈpɜːtʃəs /

•

UK / ˈpɜːrtʃəs /

noun
Something that you bought
Strong hold on something; grip
verb
To buy something; to get by paying money for it

responsible

US / rɪ'spɒnsəbl /

•

UK / rɪˈspɑnsəbəl /

adjecitve
Being the cause of something that has occurred
Having the duty of dealing with something
Able to be trusted to do what needs to be done

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

seldom

US / ˈseldəm /

•

UK / ˈsɛldəm /

adverb
Not often; almost never; rarely

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

vent

US / vent /

•

UK / vɛnt /

noun
Opening allowing exit/entry of gas, steam etc.
Expression of feelings often of anger
verb
To express anger or grievance loudly/with feeling

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

home

US / həʊm /

•

UK / hom /

adjecitve
A sports team's own field or place of play
adverb
Into the correct or intended position
noun
House, apartment or building to be rented or sold
Institution for sick or elderly people
Place where a person or a family lives
Country where a person lives or was born
Region that is native to peoples, plant or animals
verb
To move towards a particular target location

jelly

US / ˈdʒeli /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛli /

adjecitve
Being soft and without form
noun
Semisolid food substance, eaten as dessert
Sweet food made from fruit and spread on bread

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

load

US / ləʊd /

•

UK / lod /

noun
Large, often heavy, amount of a thing to be moved
A burden; heavy responsibility
Many or much of something; a lot of
Items that fill a truck, machine
verb
To put in items for use (e.g. bullets in a gun)

modern

US / ˈmɔdən /

•

UK / ˈmɑdən /

adjecitve
Of the present time; up to date; contemporary

report

US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

•

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

noun
Account of the necessary facts and information
The telling of news in the media
Official statement about something
verb
To submit a report or bill to the government
To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
To state something officially
To officially present yourself to an authority
To describe something by telling it to others

range

US / reɪndʒ /

•

UK / rendʒ /

noun
Cooking stove with multiple burners
Given distance from a point; how far plane can fly
Large grassy area where cattle wander and feed
Group or chain of mountains
Set of things with something in common
Limits within which something extends or varies
A set of products, e.g. so that people can choose
verb
To cover an area from one point to another
To extend to or vary within given limits
To put things in a row or in line
To wander or explore

combination

US / ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌkɑmbəˈneʃən /

noun
Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
Act or result of mixing things together

inch

US / ɪntʃ /

•

UK / ɪntʃ /

noun
1/12th of a foot (2.54 centimeters)
Very small distance
verb
To move or cause to move a small bit at a time

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

nitrate

US / 'naɪtreɪt /

•

UK / ˈnaɪˌtret, -trɪt /

noun
Salt or ester of nitric acid

standard

US / 'stændəd /

•

UK / ˈstændəd /

adjecitve
Being the accepted normal level of quality
(Of a language) being the most accepted in a place
noun
Official unit of measuring something
Principle of behaving in a moral way

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

Introduction to Video Content

In this video, we will be discussing how to store bacon and sausage for long periods of time using the canning method. This method is an efficient way to preserve these meats without the need for refrigeration. By following the steps outlined in this video, you can ensure that your preserved meats remain safe and flavorful for future use. Additionally, we will explore the history of this preservation technique, which has been practiced for thousands of years. We will also address the common concern of whether it is safe to consume meat that has been canned and left unrefrigerated. To carry out this process, you will need thick cut raw bacon, ground sausage, wide mouth canning jars, parchment paper, distilled vinegar, and a pressure canner. We understand that using a pressure canner may seem intimidating, but we will provide detailed instructions on how to use it safely. The high temperatures achieved through pressure canning are necessary for preserving low acid foods like bacon and sausage. To assist you further, we will include a link to the pressure canner used in this video. Lastly, we will provide step-by-step instructions on how to clean and prepare the jars, lids, and bands for the canning process. So let's get started and learn how to store bacon and sausage for years to come!

Subtitles section

you

In this video, we're gonna show how to can bacon and sausage.

This method we're gonna show is an efficient way to preserve these meats for an extended storage without refrigeration.

Canning bacon and sausage, it gives you flavorful, long lasting meat wherever you want.

By following these combined steps, you can ensure safe and convenient preserved meats for future use.

And at the end of this video, I'm gonna also tell you how this process, it's a lot older than you might think and perhaps has been done for thousands of years.

I'm also gonna tell you why people don't die from canning meat this way and leave it unrefrigerated in the pantry.

Here's the materials that you're going to need.

Thick cut raw bacon, ground sausage, wide mouth canning jars, a quart, unwaxed parchment paper, distilled vinegar, pressure canner.

If needing a pressure canner intimidates you a bit, well, we'll show you how to do it safely.

Low acid foods like this require the high temperatures only a pressure canner can give you, as I'll explain later in the video.

I'll put a link to the pressure canner I'm using in the comments below.

A ten pound weight for the canner.

This is very standard and will be with any pressure canner purchased.

I mention it here because there are different weights available.

Step by step instructions.

Clean and prepare the wide mouth pint sized jars, lids and bands.

Now this procedure for doing this is to first wash the jars, lids and bands in hot soapy water and rinse well.

For this bacon, we don't need the jars to be hot.

For some foods you do.

I let my jars cool for easy handling and so I don't shock them when I add them to the tap temperature water bath.

Put the lids and bands in a separate saucepan of simmering water until ready to use.

Let them sit in there until you are ready to use them.

Use thick cut bacon for canning.

The bacon will lose structural integrity as it cooks in this process, so the thicker the better.

Prepare parchment paper sheets.

I cut them to be just a little larger than a cookie sheet.

Lay bacon strips on the parchment paper with ten to eleven slices per sheet.

Cover the bacon with a second piece of parchment paper that is half the width size.

Fold the bacon in half over the piece of half size paper ensuring it's even.

Roll the bacon onto itself, not too tightly, but snug enough to fit into the wide mouth quart jars.

Place the rolled bacon in the sterilized jars with the open part of the parchment paper facing up.

Push down the parchment paper as needed to get a one inch space between the lid and the food.

Fill the jars with bacon, adjusting the tightness of the roll as needed.

Wipe the rim of the jars with white vinegar.

This is going to kill off any bacteria and clear particles that may inhibit a proper seal.

Place a sterilized lid on each and affix a rim to just finger tight.

Ensure your separator rack is in your canner to ensure the jars are not in direct contact with the bottom of your pot.

Load the bacon filled jars into the pressure canner ensuring they're not overcrowded.

Add enough tap temperature water to ensure a three inch depth of water.

More than that and you'll have difficulty getting it up to that temperature.

Less than that and your pressure cooker could run dry.

I ensure the proper amount by measuring three inches on a spoon and letting that be my guide.

Fit the canner for ten minutes before allowing it to pressurize with the addition of the weight.

Process the jars in a pressure canner at ten to twelve pounds of pressure for ninety minutes.

Your weight will be dancing.

You're going to need fifteen pounds of pressure for the same amount of time if your elevation is a thousand or more feet above sea level.

Now this type of canning is considered a raw pack in that the meat is raw when the canning process begins.

Adjust your temperature down to keep the pressure at a consistent point.

After processing time is complete, turn the flame off and allow the still canned jar to sit and cool.

You may now open your pressure canner when the pressure gauge is dropped to zero and the overpressure plug is dropped.

You're going to want to give it the full time to cool on its own.

Carefully remove the jars and place them on the counter.

You will see them still actively cooking away.

Allow the jars to cool naturally and listen to the plunking and popping sound of the lids.

A combination of baking fat and water will be collected at the bottom of the jar and can be used later.

I'll use the almost cup of it I pulled from two jars to season some pinto beans, which I'll first let soak overnight to soften.

Ground sausage.

For sausage, I like a crumble I can throw into a breakfast scramble or pasta sauce.

To get that old world sausage flavor, I'm going to add a teaspoon of ground fennel seeds, a teaspoon of ground black pepper and a tablespoon of dry sage.

Clean and prepare the wide mouth pint sized jars, lids and bands.

Cut two round pieces of parchment paper about a quarter of an inch in diameter wider than your jars.

Cook the sausage and herbs, but stop right as it browns.

The cooking is mainly to maintain separation in the meats, as they will cook alongside the bacon for ninety minutes.

Strain off grease, if there's any excess.

Place your large piece of parchment paper at the bottom, allowing it to curl slightly up the sides.

Loosely fill the jars with the crumbled sausage, leaving an inch of head space.

You don't want to overstuff these because the pressure canner heat must get solidly to the center of the jar.

If it is too tightly packed, the heat may take longer to reach the center and complete the process.

Place another round piece of parchment paper over the top of the sausage.

This will simply hold the contents in place and keep them off of the lid area while a suitable seal forms.

Wipe the jar rims with white vinegar to ensure a clean seal.

Secure canning lids and bands finger tight.

Load the sausage filled jars into the pressure canner.

Yes, because the times are the same, you can pressure can the sausage with the jars of bacon as I did for this video.

Vent the canner for ten minutes before adding the weight to pressurize.

Process the jars in a pressure canner at ten pounds of pressure for ninety minutes.

You're going to need fifteen pounds of pressure for the same amount of time if your elevation is a thousand or more feet above sea level.

Check the seals.

For both, and you can pressure can them together because the requirements are the same, you're gonna wanna make sure the jars are all properly sealed.

The slightly raised part should pop down audibly when cooling, and you're gonna see its depression.

Here's what the depression looks like on some smaller jars of jelly I made, so you can get a visual of what I mean.

After cooling everything to room temperature, remove the rings, and the lid should be solidly affixed.

Do not store it with the ring.

The ring is merely to hold the lid on during the canning process.

If you store it with a ring, you might also store moisture under there which could lead to rust or encourage mold.

Cooking with these meats.

Store your canned meats in a cool, dark and dry place.

Crisp bacon in the oven for best results.

I transfer it to a cookie sheet and a fresh piece of parchment paper.

You can also use a frying pan.

Technically, the meats are cooked completely.

You could eat them from the jar, but I prefer crispy bacon.

This is where you want the thickest cut of bacon to start because in the cooking process, the meat is going to lose some of its strength.

Even with the commercial thick cut I bought, it was coming apart at the fold.

If you're processing your own meat or buying from a butcher, don't be afraid to ask for an extra thick cut if long pieces are what you're after.

I'm not going to use the sausage for breakfast, but for dinner.

The sausage I will scoop out into a cooker, add two cloves garlic, two bay leaves, a can of tomato sauce or two, and a heap of Italian herbs for a marinara ready in just ten minutes.

When ready to use these meats, enjoy them in various recipes or straight from the jar and right off the shelf.

The History The meats can be eaten right out of the can if you have to, but most prefer them warmed.

The canning water bath process cooks the meats thoroughly and gives the meats a shelf life of several years.

They don't look the prettiest, but when heated in a pan, the bacon will crisp up and is indistinguishable from bacon that you buy raw and cook immediately, but in a fraction of the time.

The bacon or sausage grease will be repurposed in several ways.

Baking grease, for instance, has various uses, including enhancing the flavor of dishes such as eggs, greens, and beans, while also employed as a lubricant, fire starter, leather conditioner, ingredients in homemade soap, gardening pest deterrent, bird feeder coating, and rust preventer.

The parchment paper we use here is an excellent fire starter.

When properly canned and stored in a cool, dark, and dry place, bacon or sausage that has been canned can last for an extended period, often several years, even up to a decade or more.

It's essential to check for any signs of spoilage such as bulging lids, off putting odors, or unusual appearances before consuming them.

The first recorded instance of canning meat is credited to Nicolas Apparat, a French chef, in the late eighteenth century, marking the dawn of modern food canning.

Additionally, an ancient preservation method known as the pottery cooking dated back to ancient civilizations involving cooking meat and other food in clay pots, selling them to ensure preservation, serving as a precursor to contemporary canning practices.

Cultures worldwide have practiced pottery cooking for centuries as an early preservation method.

Why You Won't Die Many people, including my wife, are very apprehensive about eating anything that I can at home.

Admittedly, we are very accustomed to buying our meat refrigerated, and we seldom give thought to the nitrates and sulfites added to our foods to preserve it, nor do we consider how old the meat really is by the time it gets to our kitchen.

It takes at least two weeks from slaughter to supermarket, and realistically, with modern refrigeration, it's taking much longer than that.

You can add two to six weeks for cured meats like bacon.

The meat in your grocery store could be many weeks old and just recently thawed for sale.

The dreaded B word, botulism, is the biggest fear.

The reason canning, pressure canning, and water bath canning are done is to eliminate the risk of botulism.

This is the same practice used by commercial industries to can meats.

Basically, water boils at a hundred degrees Celsius, two hundred and twelve degrees Fahrenheit, at standard atmospheric pressure.

At ten pounds per square inch, PSI of pressure, water will boil at approximately two hundred and thirty nine degrees Fahrenheit, or a hundred and fifteen degrees Celsius.

Botulism is a type of bacteria that produces a potent neurotoxin, which is responsible for the symptoms of botulism when ingested.

Now, botulism toxin is one of the most toxic substances known to humans, and the key is to kill the bacteria that can cause the toxin.

You can't cook the toxin out of food, but you can heat the food long enough at two hundred thirty nine degrees or higher to kill the bacteria that produces the toxin completely.

For low acid foods, a pressure canner is recommended to reach and maintain higher temperatures necessary to destroy the spores.

And if you follow the guidelines, pressure canning can be a safe and effective means of food preservation.

According to one recent study in two thousand eighteen, there are eighteen reported cases of possible botulism from food.

That's out of millions of people.

So if you adhere to the food safety guidelines, practice good procedures and use good equipment, you can enjoy home canned and preserved foods for years.

As for our bacon, canned bacon, when prepared using proper canning techniques with a pressure canner and a mason jars, you can have a long shelf life, typically ranging from two to five years or even longer if you store it under appropriate conditions.

The shelf life can depend on various factors, including the quality of the canning process, storage conditions, and the bacon's initial quality.

If you have any thoughts or feedback, feel free to post those below.

And as always, stay safe out there.