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Will Potter: The shocking move to criminalize nonviolent protest

Video vocabulary

activism

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US / 'æktɪvɪzəm /

UK / ˈæktəˌvɪzəm /

B1
  • noun
  • Engaged in political activity to achieve a goal

become

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US / bɪ'kʌm /

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

feeling

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US / ˈfi:lɪŋ /

UK / ˈfilɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Sensation or emotion you experience
  • verb
  • To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
  • To sense through direct contact; touch

amy

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US / ə'mju:zɪŋlɪ /

UK / ə'mju:zɪŋlɪ /

A1

barbed

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US / bɑ:bd /

UK / bɑrbd /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Having a sharp point which curves backwards

incredibly

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US / ɪnˈkredəbli /

UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəblɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • To a great degree; very; amazingly

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

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US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to us

terrorism

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US / ˈterərɪzəm /

UK / ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm /

A2
  • noun
  • Use of violent acts to make people afraid

whole

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US / həul /

UK / hol /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Complete or full; all of
  • Being in a good condition
  • noun
  • Complete amount or sum; total

against

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US / əˈgenst /

UK / əˈɡenst /

A1
  • preposition
  • In physical contact with, as for support; next to
  • In opposition to; disagreeing with

dostoevsky

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US / ˌdəstəˈjefski /

UK / /

A1

law

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US / lɔ: /

UK / lɔ /

A1
  • noun
  • Field of study that relates to the legal profession
  • A rule made and enforced by a government
  • System or rules made by the government

now

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US / naʊ /

UK / naʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At the present time or moment
  • Right away or in the next possible moment
  • Used to refer to something that just happened
  • Time between the present and a moment in the past
  • conjunction
  • Resulting from or because of something

presentation

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US / ˌpreznˈteɪʃn /

UK / ˌprɛzənˈteʃən, ˌprizən- /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of giving a formal talk about something
  • Talk to show or describe something on a screen
  • Way in which something is displayed or shown
  • Ceremony to give an award or prize to someone

september

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US / sepˈtembə(r) /

UK / sɛpˈtɛmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • 9th month of the year

wire

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US / 'waɪə(r) /

UK / waɪr /

A2
  • noun
  • Thin, flexible thread of metal
  • Thin string of metal used to carry electricity
  • Act of sending a message by telegraph
  • verb
  • To connect two or more things together with cable
  • To send money to someone electronically
  • To send or send word to by telegraph

book

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US / bʊk /

UK / bʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Thing made of pages with writing on that you read
  • verb
  • (Police) to officially record someone's crimes
  • To reserve (hotel room, etc.) in advance
  • To produce a red or yellow card to a soccer player

photograph

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US / ˈfəʊtəgrɑ:f /

UK / ˈfoʊtəgræf /

A1
  • noun
  • Picture taken with a camera
  • verb
  • To take a picture with a camera

lawsuit

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US / ˈlɔ:su:t /

UK / ˈlɔˌsut /

C2
  • noun
  • A proceeding in law courts to get a legal decision

testing

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US / ˈtestɪŋ /

UK / ˈtestɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be given a medical examination
  • To try to establish the truth or nature of
  • To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

member

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US / ˈmembə(r) /

UK / ˈmɛmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Part of the body of a human, animal
  • Person or thing belonging to a group or team

obsess

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US / əbˈses /

UK / əbˈsɛs, ɑb- /

C1
  • verb
  • To talk or think about someone, something too much
  • To be the only thing that someone thinks about

luck

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US / lʌk /

UK / lʌk /

A1
  • noun
  • Accidental way things happen, often good things

would

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US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

king

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US / kɪŋ /

UK / kɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Person considered the best or top at something
  • Playing card with the image of a king on it
  • Key piece in the game of chess
  • Royal male ruler of a country
  • Person's name

unconstitutional

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US / ˌʌnˌkɒnstɪˈtju:ʃənl /

UK / ˌʌnˌkɑ:nstəˈtu:ʃənl /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • Not consistent with or according to a constitution

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

good

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US / ɡʊd /

UK / ɡʊd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper, appropriate or right
  • (Of an amount) enough; plenty
  • Excellent; high quality
  • Acting well or properly; of moral character
  • In a positive or happy emotional state
  • noun
  • Advantage or benefit

testify

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US / 'testɪfaɪ /

UK / 'testɪfaɪ /

B2
  • verb
  • To tell what you know (in court)

enterprise

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US / ˈentəpraɪz /

UK / ˈentərpraɪz /

A2
  • noun
  • A business or organization
  • Task often considered difficult or challenging

afraid

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US / əˈfreɪd /

UK / əˈfred /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Worried that something bad will happen; scared

shift

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US / ʃɪft /

UK / ʃɪft /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • (Of work) starting at a certain time, as at night
  • noun
  • A change in a persons plans, opinions or beliefs
  • Period of work starting at a certain time
  • verb
  • To change in position or direction
  • To move something from one place to another

unless

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US / ənˈles /

UK / ʌnˈlɛs /

A2
  • conjunction
  • Negative of 'if'

truth

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US / tru:θ /

UK / truθ /

A2
  • noun
  • Real facts about something

meyer

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US / /

UK / /

A1
  • noun
  • In full "Meyer lemon". A small, relatively hardy type of lemon (variously regarded as a species, Cit

new

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US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

agent

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US / 'eɪdʒənt /

UK / ˈedʒənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Chemical with the power to make chemical reactions
  • Person who represents or decides for others
  • A spy; someone who spies on other countries

ever

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US / 'evə(r) /

UK / ˈɛvɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At any time; at all times in the future

idaho

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US / ˈaidəhəu /

UK / ˈaɪdəˌho /

A1
  • other
  • A state in the Rocky Mountains

cruelty

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US / ˈkru:əlti /

UK / ˈkruəlti /

B1
  • noun
  • Intention to hurt others or be mean to them

point

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US / pɔɪnt /

UK / pɔɪnt /

A1
  • noun
  • An item to be discussed
  • Small spot or dot
  • Fact or detail
  • Feature of something
  • The size of the text on a page or screen
  • A certain time or stage in a process
  • Certain position in time or space
  • Idea or fact you try to convince people about
  • Measurement of scores in a game, sport
  • Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
  • verb
  • To face a certain direction, e.g. north
  • To indicate something with your finger to others

strike

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US / straɪk /

UK / straɪk /

A2
  • noun
  • A punch or hit
  • Fact of not hitting the ball when playing baseball
  • Refusal to work to get more pay, protest something
  • verb
  • To hit something
  • To suddenly become (e.g. rich)
  • To have an idea occur to you

after

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US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

UK / ˈæftɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Later than another time, or behind something
  • conjunction
  • Following something before
  • preposition
  • When an event happened or time has passed

describe

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US / dɪ'skraɪb /

UK / dɪˈskraɪb /

A1
  • verb
  • To tell the appearance, sound, smell of something

spontaneously

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US / spɒn'teɪnɪəslɪ /

UK / spɔnˈtenɪəslɪ /

B1
  • adverb
  • In a sudden, unplanned way

silence

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US / 'saɪləns /

UK / ˈsaɪləns /

A2
  • noun
  • State of being quiet and not talking for a time
  • When there is not sound or noise; complete quiet
  • Refusal to discuss or talk about an issue
  • verb
  • To stop the noise that something is making
  • To prevent someone from expressing thoughts

domestic

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US / dəˈmestɪk /

UK / dəˈmɛstɪk /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • British informal fight between husband and wife
  • Concerning your own home or house
  • Concerning or made in your own country
  • noun
  • Someone paid to help with housework in your house

use

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US / ju:s /

UK / ju:s /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to employ something
  • Need to enable it to work
  • Permission to do something with something
  • Act of spending money
  • Operation of a machine for its function
  • verb
  • To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
  • To need to operate or work
  • To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
  • To treat a person badly
  • To do something with, for a task or purpose

write

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • verb
  • To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
  • To invent or create a computer program
  • To create a song or piece of music

popular

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US / ˈpɒpjələ(r) /

UK / ˈpɑ:pjələ(r) /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Liked or enjoyed by many people

story

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US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

A1
  • noun
  • One of many floors or levels in a building
  • Account or description of how something happened

piano

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US / piˈænəʊ /

UK / piˈæno, ˈpjæno /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • In a soft and quiet manner (on the piano)
  • noun
  • Keyboard instrument used for playing music

rescue

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US / 'reskju: /

UK / ˈrɛskju /

A2
  • verb
  • To save someone who is in danger or in trouble

safe

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US / seɪf /

UK / sef /

A2
  • noun
  • Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
  • adjecitve
  • Highly likely
  • Being out of danger

prosecute

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US / 'prɒsɪkju:t /

UK / ˈprɑsɪˌkjut /

B2
  • verb
  • To try to prove someone legally guilty of a crime
  • To proceed with something, such as a transaction

while

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US / waɪl /

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

A1
  • conjunction
  • In spite of the fact that; although
  • During the time that; at the same time
  • noun
  • Short amount of time

violence

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US / ˈvaɪələns /

UK / ˈvaɪələns /

B1
  • noun
  • Strong physical force of nature
  • Use of physical force to harm someone

briefing

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US / ˈbri:fɪŋ /

UK / ˈbrifɪŋ /

B2
  • noun
  • Giving information and instructions for a meeting
  • verb
  • To give information and instructions in a meeting

little

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US / 'lɪtl /

UK / ˈlɪtl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being short in length of time
  • Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
  • Being very young or younger than others
  • adverb
  • By an amount or degree that is not very much
  • Not often; rarely
  • noun
  • A person's name

murder

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US / 'mɜ:də(r) /

UK / ˈmɚdɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • Something that is difficult or painful to do
  • Crime of deliberately killing a person
  • verb
  • To intentionally kill a person
  • To spoil, ruin something by doing it poorly

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

less

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US / les /

UK / lɛs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Smaller in amount or degree
  • adverb
  • To a smaller degree
  • noun
  • A smaller amount
  • preposition
  • With the subtraction of

uproar

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US / ˈʌprɔ:(r) /

UK / ˈʌpˌrɔr, -ˌror /

C1
  • noun
  • Excitement or anger over some issue or event

tribune

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US / 'trɪbju:n /

UK / 'trɪbju:n /

B1
  • noun
  • Unofficial defender of individual rights

bulldozer

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US / ˈbʊldəʊzə(r) /

UK / ˈbʊldoʊzə(r) /

C2
  • noun
  • Large powerful tractor to flatten areas of ground

congress

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US / 'kɒŋɡres /

UK / ˈkɑŋɡrɪs /

B1
  • noun
  • Meeting of elected or appointed representatives
  • American governing body of elected representatives

expose

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US / ɪk'spəʊz /

UK / ɪkˈspoʊz /

A2
  • noun
  • News article revealing secret information
  • verb
  • To make visible, without covering or protection
  • To allow light through a cameras lens onto film
  • To be talked about in the media
  • To make a secret known to the public
  • To experience something, often a harmful thing

italy

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US / 'ɪtəlɪ /

UK / 'ɪtəlɪ /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A country in southern Europe; population 59,800,000 (estimated 2015); capital, Rome; official langua

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

word

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US / wɜ:d /

UK / wɚd /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of language that has a meaning
  • Promise
  • Short remark or piece of information
  • verb
  • To express something by choosing particular words

how

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US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

live

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US / lɪv /

UK / liv /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
  • Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
  • Glowing because burning; hot
  • Not yet killed (for food)
  • adverb
  • (Music, drama) as it is performed
  • verb
  • To be alive
  • To experience a particular type of life
  • To make your home in a house or town

nonviolent

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US / ˌnɒn'vaɪələnt /

UK / ˌnɑnˈvaɪələnt /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Deciding to not use physical force

woman

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US / ˈwʊmən /

UK / ˈwʊmən /

A1
  • noun
  • Adult female human being

year

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US / jə: /

UK / jɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
  • Used to refer to the age of a person

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

apparently

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US / əˈpærəntli /

UK / əˈpærəntlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • According to what you heard; from what can be seen

effective

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US / ɪˈfektɪv /

UK / ɪˈfɛktɪv /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Working efficiently to produce a desired result

man

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US / mæn /

UK / mæn /

A1
  • noun
  • Humans in general, including male and female
  • An adult male human being
  • Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
  • verb
  • To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
  • To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)

beagle

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US / ˈbi:gl /

UK / ˈbiɡəl /

C2
  • noun
  • Small short-legged smooth-coated breed of dog

bad

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US / bæd /

UK / bæd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not good; wrong
  • Lacking in good morals; evil
  • No longer fresh; spoiled

multiple

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US / ˈmʌltɪpl /

UK / ˈmʌltəpəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Having or involving more than one of something
  • noun
  • Number produced by multiplying a smaller number
  • Shop with many branches

applause

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US / ə'plɔ:z /

UK / əˈplɔz /

B1
  • noun
  • The sound made by clapping a performance or speech

into

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US / 'ɪntə /

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1
  • preposition
  • Moving or going inside something
  • In the same direction as; in the direction of
  • So as to become; taking the state of

love

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US / lʌv /

UK / lʌv /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • A very strong feeling of affection
  • The person you care very deeply about
  • Strong, deep emotional and sexual attraction
  • verb
  • To care for and like someone very strongly, deeply
  • To like doing very much; enjoy greatly
  • To feel a strong emotional and romantic attraction

one

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US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn /

A1
  • pronoun
  • You; we; people in general; someone
  • The thing or person previously referred to
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to people generally
  • Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
  • number
  • Number 1

power

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US / 'paʊə(r) /

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal or official right to perform certain actions
  • Ability to move forcefully and quickly
  • Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
  • Mathematical way to multiply a number
  • Condition of being in political control
  • Physical force, energy, and strength
  • verb
  • To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
  • To move something forcefully and quickly

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

turn

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US / tɜ:n /

UK / tɚn /

A1
  • noun
  • Place where changing of direction happens
  • Your time or chance to perform a duty
  • Your chance to play or do in say a game
  • Unexpected change, as in the weather
  • verb
  • To become (a particular age)
  • To become a different quality, color, etc.
  • To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
  • To move in an opposite direction or position
  • To shape metal with a spinning tool

body

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US / ˈbɒd.i /

UK / ˈbɑdi /

A1
  • noun
  • An object distinct from other objects
  • A group of people involved in an activity together
  • Main part of something
  • A person's physical self

forest

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US / 'fɒrɪst /

UK / ˈfɔrɪst, ˈfɑr- /

A1
  • noun
  • Large area with many trees

outside

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US / ˌaʊtˈsaɪd /

UK / aʊtˈsaɪd, ˈaʊtˌsaɪd /

A2
  • adverb
  • Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing
  • noun
  • Area around or near something, such as a building
  • preposition
  • Beyond the limits or edges of some place, thing

make

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US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

first

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US / fɜ:st /

UK / fɚst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
  • noun
  • Something that has not happened before
  • Position of the winner of a competition

about

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US / ə'baʊt /

UK / əˈbaʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • To be ready to; going to
  • Nearly; approximately; roughly
  • Near; next to; close to
  • In every direction; in the area of
  • preposition
  • Concerning or of (a topic)

absolute

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US / ˈæbsəlu:t /

UK / ˈæbsəˌlut /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Complete; total; pure; not limited in any way
  • noun
  • Something that is complete, total, pure, certain

even

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US / 'i:vn /

UK / ˈivən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
  • Being divided equally or fairly
  • (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
  • Smooth, level, or regular
  • Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
  • At a regular, equally steady manner
  • Remaining steady and unchanging
  • adverb
  • (When this is surprising) as well; too
  • (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
  • verb
  • To make something level; to flatten
  • To make something equal

people

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US / 'pi:pl /

UK / ˈpipəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • Men, Women, Children

like

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US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

threat

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US / θret /

UK / θrɛt /

A2
  • noun
  • Warning of probable trouble
  • A warning that you may be harmed

what

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US / wɒt /

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Thing or things that; the same kind as
  • Used to emphasize something you are about to say
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
  • Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
  • adverb
  • To a certain degree
  • determiner
  • Question words used for asking for information
  • exclamation
  • Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
  • Used to ask people to repeat something they said

week

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US / wi:k /

UK / wik /

A1
  • noun
  • Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

dismiss

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US / dɪsˈmɪs /

UK / dɪsˈmɪs /

A2
  • verb
  • To consider that something is at an end
  • To end someone's employment; fire someone
  • To not to think about something seriously

flinch

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US / flɪntʃ /

UK / flɪntʃ /

B2
  • verb
  • To move back as in fear or pain; recoil; shrink

faith

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US / feɪθ /

UK / feθ /

A2
  • noun
  • Belief in a god or gods; religion
  • Belief that that something is true without proof
  • Person's name

include

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US / ɪnˈklu:d /

UK / ɪnˈklud /

A1
  • verb
  • To make someone, something part of a group

sick

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US / sɪk /

UK / sɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Having a physical or mental illness
  • Morally wrong; perverted

cause

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US / kɔ:z /

UK / kɔz /

A2
  • noun
  • Belief, goal or organization that people support
  • Reason for
  • verb
  • To make something happen; create effect or result

corporation

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US / ˌkɔ:pəˈreɪʃn /

UK / ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃn /

A2
  • noun
  • Big company or a combination of several companies

profit

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US / 'prɒfɪt /

UK / 'prɑ:fɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Benefit from doing something
  • Money earned from sales, after costs are deducted
  • verb
  • To be a benefit to someone
  • To earn money from something

style

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US / staɪl /

UK / staɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • The (tasteful) way something is designed or done
  • verb
  • To shape or design something in a certain way

education

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US / ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn /

UK / ˌɛdʒəˈkeʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Academic field studying the practice of teaching
  • Process of giving or receiving teaching

number

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US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /

UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
  • Particular song or dance performed during a show
  • Total quantity or amount of things
  • verb
  • To put numbers on things
  • To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
  • To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set

tell

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US / tel /

UK / tɛl /

A1
  • verb
  • To (strongly) advise a person to do something
  • To be able to guess
  • To say or communicate information to someone
  • To inform, but without speaking; indicate
  • To have a negative effect on someone
  • To order someone to do something; command
  • To recognize something based on certain signs
  • To report something to an authority
  • To explain something or teach someone something

anyone

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US / ˈeniwʌn /

UK / ˈɛniˌwʌn, -wən /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Any person

find

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US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

house

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US / haʊs /

UK / haʊs /

A1
  • noun
  • Place where a specific activity or business occurs
  • Building in which a family, person lives
  • verb
  • To give someone a place to live
  • To contain or store something

right

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Correct or true
  • The south side of you looking at the rising sun
  • adverb
  • Exactly in a place or time
  • Being appropriate for a particular event
  • In a straight or direct manner
  • noun
  • Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
  • Ideal of what is just and good
  • Political view based on conservatism
  • verb
  • To fix something previously wrong or unjust
  • To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

she

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US / ʃɪ /

UK / ʃi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Female person or animal mentioned before
  • (Refers to female person mentioned before)

happen

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US / 'hæpən /

UK / ˈhæpən /

A1
  • verb
  • To take place or occur

opponent

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US / əˈpəʊnənt /

UK / əˈponənt /

B1
  • noun
  • Person who opposes an idea or plan; enemy
  • Person that you are competing against in a game

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

compelling

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US / kəmˈpelɪŋ /

UK / kəmˈpɛlɪŋ /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Making you do, believe something; persuasive
  • verb
  • To force someone to do something

dissent

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US / dɪ'sent /

UK / dɪˈsɛnt /

B2
  • noun
  • Difference of opinion; a disagreement
  • verb
  • To differ in opinion

drop

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US / drɒp /

UK / drɑp /

A1
  • noun
  • Distance between a higher and a lower level
  • Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
  • A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
  • Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
  • verb
  • To drive someone to a place and then drive away
  • To let something fall from your hand
  • To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
  • To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
  • To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality

who

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US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

between

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US / bɪˈtwi:n /

UK / bɪˈtwin /

A1
  • preposition
  • From one person, thing, or place, to another
  • In the space that separates two objects
  • Among two or more people who share something

fear

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US / fɪə(r) /

UK / fɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unpleasant feeling caused by being aware of danger
  • verb
  • To be afraid of or nervous about something

risk

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US / rɪsk /

UK / rɪsk /

A1
  • noun
  • Actions that cause potential problems
  • verb
  • To do something potentially dangerous or foolish

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

vandal

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US / 'vændl /

UK / 'vændl /

B2
  • noun
  • Someone who willfully destroys or defaces property

subside

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US / səbˈsaɪd /

UK / səbˈsaɪd /

B2
  • verb
  • To move down or sink to a lower level or degree
  • To become quieter or less strong

work

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US / wɜ:k /

UK / wɚk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Activity completed in order to make money
  • noun
  • The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • Everything created by an author, artist, musician
  • Activity you do in order to make money
  • Place of employment
  • Final product or result of a some labor or effort
  • verb
  • To bring into a specific state of success
  • To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
  • To do your job in your company or workplace
  • To make an effort to do something
  • To operate a machine or device

prove

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US / pru:v /

UK / pruv /

A2
  • verb
  • To demonstrate truth by providing evidence

arsonist

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US / ˈɑ:sənɪst /

UK / ˈɑ:rsənɪst /

B2
  • noun
  • Criminal who illegally sets fire to property

ago

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US / əˈgəʊ /

UK / əˈgoʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a specified length of time in the past

move

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US / mu:v /

UK / muv /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
  • An action; doing something
  • Step taken to achieve a goal
  • verb
  • To cause someone to have certain emotions
  • To cause something to change to a different place
  • To change where people live or a business operates
  • To take action to do or achieve something

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

way

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US / weɪ /

UK / we /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to emphasize the amount of something
  • noun
  • Particular aspect of something being thought about
  • One of various choices that could be made
  • Particular existing condition or state
  • (Often long) distance or length of time
  • How something is done
  • Route to go to a place
  • Small street
  • Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

evidence

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US / 'evɪdəns /

UK / ˈɛvɪdəns /

A1
  • noun
  • Factual proof that helps to establish the truth

list

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US / lɪst /

UK / lɪst /

A1
  • noun
  • Lean of a boat to one side
  • Series of written names, words or numbers
  • verb
  • To lean to one side, like a boat or ship
  • To present for sale for a specific price
  • To write a series of names, words, or numbers

memorial

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US / mə'mɔ:rɪəl /

UK / məˈmɔriəl, -ˈmor- /

B1
  • noun
  • Ceremony or monument honoring dead person, people

movement

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US / ˈmu:vmənt /

UK / ˈmuvmənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Part of a piece of classical music
  • Group with a shared interest or goal
  • Group sharing the same idea to change society, art
  • Action you do when exercising, e.g. in a gym
  • Part of a piece of music

knocker

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US / ˈnɒkə(r) /

UK / ˈnɑ:kə(r) /

A1
  • noun
  • Device on a door that you hit to get attention

pretty

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US / 'prɪtɪ /

UK / ˈprɪti /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
  • adverb
  • Very; to a great degree

prosecution

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US / ˌprɒsɪˈkju:ʃn /

UK / ˌprɑ:sɪˈkju:ʃn /

B2
  • noun
  • Lawyers acting to prove a defendant guilty

act

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US / ækt /

UK / ækt /

A1
  • noun
  • What someone did; action; behavior
  • A law or rule passed by a government we must obey
  • One of the parts that a stage play is divided into
  • verb
  • To behave in a certain way
  • To perform on a stage or in a movie

activist

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US / ˈæktɪvɪst /

UK / ˈæktəvɪst /

B1
  • noun
  • A person who tries to change a government, society

country

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US / ˈkʌntri /

UK / ˈkʌntri /

A1
  • noun
  • An area of land that is controlled by a government
  • Open land that is away from towns and cities

nice

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US / naɪs /

UK / naɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being attractive or of high quality or value
  • Good or enjoyable
  • Being kind or friendly

thank

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US / θæŋk /

UK / θæŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To tell someone you are grateful to them

journalism

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US / ˈdʒɜ:nəlɪzəm /

UK / ˈdʒɜ:rnəlɪzəm /

B2
  • noun
  • Profession of writing or reporting news

hold

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US / həʊld /

UK / hold /

A1
  • noun
  • Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
  • Influence or power held over someone
  • Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
  • verb
  • To agree to keep something for someone
  • To have the capacity to support/contain something
  • To control an area and protect it from attack
  • To not allow someone to leave a place
  • To cause an event to happen at a place or time
  • To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
  • To have a specific quality or property
  • To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
  • To have or own something
  • To wait before being able to talk on the phone
  • To limit the movement of someone in a sport

police

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US / pəˈli:s /

UK / pəˈlis /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning the police and its business
  • noun
  • People, often in uniforms, who solve crimes
  • verb
  • To control an area, or group with a police force

article

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US / 'ɑ:tɪkl /

UK / ˈɑrtɪkəl /

A2
  • noun
  • Word such as 'a', 'an', or 'the' used before nouns
  • Piece of writing about a particular subject
  • Piece of something, e.g. clothing
  • Section of a business contract or law

room

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US / ru:m /

UK / rum, rʊm /

A1
  • noun
  • All of the people inside a particular room
  • Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
  • Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
  • verb
  • To share a home with someone

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

climb

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US / klaɪm /

UK / klaɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • A trip up something, e.g. a mountain
  • Increase or a rise toward a higher price or point
  • verb
  • To rise gradually and steadily to a higher point
  • To increase or rise toward a higher price or point

charge

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US / tʃɑ:dʒ /

UK / tʃɑrdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • An attack by running quickly toward someone
  • A price for a service or goods
  • When a battery has a certain amount of electricity
  • Amount of money you pay for a service
  • verb
  • To run quickly toward someone to attack them
  • To ask for money as a price for a service or goods
  • To put electricity in a battery
  • To give responsibility to take care of or manage
  • To state that someone has committed a crime

defend

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US / dɪ'fend /

UK / dɪˈfɛnd /

B1
  • verb
  • To protect and explain your position in court
  • To protect against an attack
  • To try to prevent another team from scoring

spy

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US / spaɪ /

UK / spaɪ /

B1
  • noun
  • Person who gets secret information about an enemy
  • Person who secretly watches other people
  • verb
  • To try to get secrets about an enemy country
  • To secretly watch someone or something
  • To see something or someone

such

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US / sʌtʃ /

UK / sʌtʃ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Being similar to
  • (Thing) as previously stated or referred to
  • adverb
  • (Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

door

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US / dɔ:(r) /

UK / dɔr,dor /

A1
  • noun
  • You walk through this when you go in a room

time

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US / taɪm /

UK / taɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
  • Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
  • Occasion when something happens
  • Period or occasion that something occurred
  • Period in history or the past
  • Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
  • How long an event takes; duration
  • verb
  • To check speed at which music is performed
  • To choose a specific moment to do something
  • To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
  • To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

through

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US / θru: /

UK / θru /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • having finished using or doing something
  • adverb
  • From the beginning of something until the end
  • preposition
  • Over, in, across an entire thing or place
  • Allowing you to pass between, or to
  • By a particular way or process; by the use of

arrest

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US / əˈrest /

UK / əˈrɛst /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of catching people who committed crimes
  • verb
  • To attract someone's attention and hold interest
  • (Police) to catch and keep criminals
  • To stop or slow something that is happening

everybody

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US / ˈevribɒdi /

UK / ˈɛvriˌbɑdi, -ˌbʌdi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Every person; everyone

within

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US / wɪˈðɪn /

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

A1
  • adverb
  • Inside the limits of an area, time or range
  • preposition
  • From the inside of something

protest

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US / 'prəʊtest /

UK / ˈproʊtɛst /

A2
  • noun
  • Forceful argument against something
  • Objection to something
  • verb
  • To argue against something in a forceful way
  • To express a strong objection or dislike

few

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US / fju: /

UK / fju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Not many, a small number

oil

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US / ɔɪl /

UK / ɔɪl /

A2
  • noun
  • A liquid used for frying foods
  • Thick, black liquid in the ground used as fuel
  • verb
  • To add a liquid for frying foods
  • To put liquid in a machine so it will run smoothly

positive

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US / ˈpɒzətɪv /

UK / ˈpɑzɪtɪv /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Showing agreement or support for something
  • Being sure about something; knowing the truth
  • Having the charge produced by electrons
  • Being good or useful
  • Showing that a chemical is present in a test

blurry

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US / ˈblɜ:ri /

UK / ˈblə:ɪ /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Being indistinguishable or unclear in shape

green

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US / gri:n /

UK / ɡrin /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Color of young leaves
  • Covered with vegetation, e.g. grass
  • Concerned about protecting the environment
  • The color of young leaves
  • Lacking in experience/knowledge due to being young
  • Being not fully grown or ripe, as in fruit
  • noun
  • Large grassy area
  • used as a part of a name of a place (UK)

shoot

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US / ʃu:t /

UK / ʃut /

A2
  • noun
  • Emerging new part of a plant
  • verb
  • To kick or throw a ball at a goal
  • To fire a gun; injure or kill someone with a gun
  • To (cause to) fly away forcefully
  • To use a camera to record a film/take a photograph

street

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US / stri:t /

UK / strit /

A1
  • noun
  • Road in a city with buildings and places to walk

training

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US / ˈtreɪnɪŋ /

UK / ˈtrenɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Act of educating someone to get better at
  • verb
  • To teach a pet a behavior or a trick
  • To educate someone in something, e.g. medicine
  • To cause a plant to grow a certain way by cutting
  • To point a certain way or toward something
  • To practice to get better at a thing, e.g. sports

farm

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US / fɑ:m /

UK / fɑ:rm /

A1
  • noun
  • Land used for growing crops or raising animals
  • verb
  • To use land for raising plants or animals for food

cow

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US / kaʊ /

UK / kaʊ /

A2
  • noun
  • Large farm animal from which we get milk and beef
  • verb
  • To make afraid or ashamed; intimidate

leaflet

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US / 'li:flət /

UK / ˈliflɪt /

B1
  • noun
  • Pages bound together, e.g. with instructions

never

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US / 'nevə(r) /

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not ever; not at any time

transcanada

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US / 'træŋkwɪlaɪz /

UK / 'træŋkwɪˌlaɪz /

A1

animal

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US / ˈænɪml /

UK / ˈænəməl /

A1
  • noun
  • A living creature that is not a plant or person

just

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US / dʒʌst /

UK / dʒʌst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
  • Doing or being what is right or fair
  • Legally correct; having enough evidence
  • adverb
  • Almost; nearly
  • Exactly at the time of
  • Exactly (the same as, like)

report

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US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

A1
  • noun
  • Account of the necessary facts and information
  • The telling of news in the media
  • Official statement about something
  • verb
  • To submit a report or bill to the government
  • To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
  • To state something officially
  • To officially present yourself to an authority
  • To describe something by telling it to others

line

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US / laɪn /

UK / laɪn /

A1
  • noun
  • Border that divides two places or regions
  • Long crease in the skin, often from age
  • Mark that is long, straight and very thin
  • Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
  • Telephone connection
  • People waiting one behind the other; queue
  • Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
  • verb
  • To put material along the inside of something

talk

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US / tɔ:k /

UK / tɔk /

A1
  • noun
  • Style of speaking
  • Discussion between two countries
  • Giving information in front of people; lecture
  • Saying things or ideas to someone with words
  • verb
  • To make a formal speech about something
  • To say things or ideas to someone with words

fence

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US / fens /

UK / fɛns /

B1
  • noun
  • Wood, metal structure enclosing an area, land
  • verb
  • To enclose an area (with a wall or boundary)

hour

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US / 'aʊə(r) /

UK / aʊr /

A1
  • noun
  • 60 minutes
  • Particular time of the day
  • Fixed, regularly occurring time

injure

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US / ˈɪndʒə(r) /

UK / ˈɪndʒɚ /

A2
  • verb
  • To do (usually physical) harm or damage to

stuff

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US / stʌf /

UK / stʌf /

A1
  • noun
  • Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • verb
  • To push material inside something, with force

any

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US / 'enɪ /

UK / ˈɛni /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One, or some, no matter which
  • pronoun
  • One (thing) of many; some

company

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US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

A1
  • noun
  • Good feeling from being with someone else
  • A business that sells things or provides services
  • Guests, especially in your home
  • Being with another person rather than alone

decide

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US / dɪ'saɪd /

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

A2
  • verb
  • To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
  • To make a legal judgment in court
  • to affect the result of something

help

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US / help /

UK / hɛlp /

A1
  • noun
  • Something given to enable a person to do something
  • Assistance given to someone in need
  • Someone who makes something easier or possible
  • verb
  • To act to enable a person to do something; assist
  • To make something better or less difficult

local

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US / ˈləʊkl /

UK / ˈloʊkl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Relating to a particular area, city, or town
  • noun
  • Bus or train, that stops at most stations
  • People who live in the area being discussed
  • The pub you most frequently go to

think

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US / θɪŋk /

UK / θɪŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To have an idea about something without certainty
  • To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

fbi

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US / ˌefbi:'aɪ /

UK / ˌefbi:'aɪ /

A1
  • abbreviation
  • short for Federal Bureau of Investigation

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

invite

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US / ɪnˈvaɪt /

UK / ɪnˈvaɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • An invitation
  • verb
  • To ask someone to go somewhere or do something

out

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US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

over

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US / 'əʊvə(r) /

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Finished; no longer happening
  • Towards the ground/away from a standing position
  • noun
  • A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
  • other
  • Finished
  • preposition
  • Showing the relation when a thing is above another
  • On or covering something
  • Above or across something
  • More than you need
  • From one side to the other
  • In the direction of; toward

college

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US / 'kɒlɪdʒ /

UK / 'kɑːlɪdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • School or educational institution for adults

depressed

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US / dɪˈprest /

UK / dɪˈprɛst /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Feeling sad or miserable
  • verb
  • To make someone feel sad or miserable
  • To push something down

environment

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US / ɪn'vaɪrənmənt /

UK / ɛnˈvaɪrənmənt, -ˈvaɪən- /

A1
  • noun
  • Natural world in which plants and animals live
  • The entire surrounding conditions of something

photo

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US / ˈfəʊtəʊ /

UK / ˈfoʊtoʊ /

A1
  • noun
  • Short for photograph; a picture taken by a camera

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

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US / bæk /

UK / bæk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
  • adverb
  • Have returned to a place you were before
  • noun
  • The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
  • Location at the rear of something
  • The reverse of side something
  • Area on the rear of your body
  • verb
  • To bet money on something
  • To go backwards in a car
  • To support and encourage someone or some cause

illegal

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US / ɪ'li:ɡl /

UK / ɪˈliɡəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Not allowed by the laws or rules

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

knock

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US / nɒk /

UK / nɑk /

A2
  • noun
  • Bad experience that reduces a person's confidence
  • Action of something solid hitting something hard
  • verb
  • To criticize someone in an unreasonable way
  • To hit something to get people's attention
  • To strike something hard, causing damage

leave

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US / li:v /

UK / liv /

A1
  • noun
  • Permission to do something
  • Vacation time; time off work
  • verb
  • To go away from; depart
  • To gift property to someone after you die
  • To allow something to continue happening
  • To let something remain unused or available
  • To let something or someone remain somewhere

environmental

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US / ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl /

UK / ɛnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntl:, -ˌvaɪən /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Of the natural world of plants and animals

monitor

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US / ˈmɒnɪtə(r) /

UK / ˈmɑ:nɪtə(r) /

A2
  • noun
  • A senior student at school
  • Electronic screen on which you can see images
  • verb
  • To observe and keep a record of something

name

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US / neɪm /

UK / nem /

A1
  • noun
  • What something or someone is called
  • verb
  • To state what someone is called, e.g. John

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

finding

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US / ˈfaɪndɪŋ /

UK / ˈfaɪndɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Something you discover or find out; a result
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

hang

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US / hæŋ /

UK / hæŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To attach a picture, photograph etc. onto a wall
  • To float, move softly, or remain in the air
  • To kill by putting a rope around neck and dropping
  • To remain undecided, unsolved or unclear

most

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US / məʊst /

UK / most /

A1
  • adverb
  • Very; extremely
  • Greatest possible degree
  • pronoun
  • Nearly all of something

rest

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US / rest /

UK / rɛst /

A1
  • noun
  • Time when one relaxes, sleeps, or is inactive
  • State in which there is a lack of motion
  • Part of something remaining after some was used
  • verb
  • To stop working or avoid activity to recover
  • (Of dead person) to lie in a grave
  • To lean, support or place something against
  • To not be tired because you had enough sleep

praise

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US / preɪz /

UK / preɪz /

B1
  • noun
  • Expression of approval of something/someone
  • Expression of thanks, respect, and love
  • verb
  • To express approval of something or someone
  • To express thanks, respect, and love

throughout

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US / θru:ˈaʊt /

UK / θruˈaʊt /

A2
  • adverb
  • From the beginning of something until the end
  • preposition
  • Over/across an entire place/thing; in every part

brand

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US / brænd /

UK / brænd /

A2
  • noun
  • A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
  • Product made or designed by a named company
  • verb
  • To burn a mark on an animal to show who owns it
  • To describe someone as a liar, coward, etc.
  • To give a famous name to a product or service

release

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US / rɪ'li:s /

UK / rɪ'li:s /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
  • Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
  • Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
  • Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
  • verb
  • To free someone from a responsibility or burden
  • To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
  • To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
  • To let go of something you are holding

two

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • number
  • 2

put

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US / pʊt /

UK / pʊt /

A1
  • phrasal verb
  • to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
  • verb
  • To move or place a thing in a particular position
  • To rate something in importance or value
  • To write or say something in a certain manner

challenge

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US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /

UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
  • Act of formally inviting someone to compete
  • A question to determine correctness of something
  • verb
  • To formally invite someone to compete at something
  • To question the correctness of something

history

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US / 'hɪstrɪ /

UK / ˈhɪstəri /

A2
  • noun
  • Established pattern or record
  • Study of past events as an academic subject

hear

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
  • To be told or find out information or facts
  • To consider or listen to a court case

pipeline

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US / ˈpaɪplaɪn /

UK / ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn /

B2
  • noun
  • Line of pipes used for carrying gases or liquids
  • verb
  • To send through a series of pipes

everyday

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US / ˈevrideɪ /

UK / ˈɛvriˈde /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used or seen daily; for daily use; ordinary

film

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US / fɪlm /

UK / fɪlm /

A2
  • noun
  • Thin layer that covers something
  • Movie
  • verb
  • To record moving action with a camera

freedom

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US / 'fri:dəm /

UK / ˈfridəm /

B1
  • noun
  • State of being free, not being controlled

next

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US / nekst /

UK / nɛkst /

A1
  • adverb
  • The one that follows another in time or order
  • At a time or place directly after the present one
  • noun
  • The one that follows after
  • adjecitve
  • Immediately after the previous one
  • First occurrence after the present one

before

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US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time earlier than the present; previously
  • conjunction
  • In advance of something happening
  • preposition
  • In front of someone or something

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

information

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US / ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn /

UK / ˌɪnfɚˈmeʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Collection of facts and details about something

whaler

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US / ˈweɪlə(r) /

UK / ˈhwelɚ, ˈwe- /

B2
  • noun
  • Person or ship which hunts whales to kill them

sunlight

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US / ˈsʌnlaɪt /

UK / ˈsʌnˌlaɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Rays of light coming from the sun

his

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US / hɪz /

UK / hɪz /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Something belonging to a male person

percent

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US / pə'sent /

UK / pɚˈsɛnt /

A2
  • adverb
  • One one-hundredth of a whole; the symbol %

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

document

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US / 'dɒkjʊmənt /

UK / ˈdɑkjəmənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Official (printed) record that gives information
  • verb
  • To support an opinion with recorded evidence

harpoon

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US / hɑ:ˈpu:n /

UK / hɑ:rˈpu:n /

C1
  • noun
  • A long spear used for catching big fish
  • verb
  • To launch a long spear into a big fish

see

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US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

radical

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US / ˈrædɪkl /

UK / ˈrædɪkəl,'rædɪkḷ /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Very new and different from what is traditional
  • Concerning something's most basic part or form
  • noun
  • Person who believes in extreme political change

dark

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US / dɑ:k /

UK / dɑrk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Of a color that is not light
  • Marked by unhappiness or hopelessness
  • Having little or no light; not light in color
  • noun
  • The time of day when the sky is black

group

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US / ɡru:p /

UK / ɡrup /

A1
  • noun
  • Two or more musicians who play music together
  • Number of people or things gathered together
  • verb
  • To combine or collect objects or people together

unit

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US / ˈju:nɪt /

UK / ˈjunɪt /

B2
  • noun
  • One apartment in a building
  • Group of people, e.g. soldiers, that work together
  • A chapter of a textbook
  • A standard of measurement of something
  • Single item made by a company

young

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US / jʌŋ /

UK / jʌŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • At an early stage of existence; not mature
  • Being recently created or started
  • noun
  • Babies in a group or family of animals

could

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US / kəd /

UK / kʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
  • Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

terrify

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US / ˈterɪfaɪ /

UK / ˈtɛrəˌfaɪ /

B1
  • verb
  • To scare or greatly frighten

public

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US / 'pʌblɪk /

UK / ˈpʌblɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Owned by the government
  • Concerning society in general
  • Being available or accessible to people in general
  • Known or able to be known by all people

chicago

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US / ʃɪ'kɑ:gəʊ, -'kɔ:- /

UK / ʃɪ'kɑ:ɡoʊˌ -'kɔ:- /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A city in northeastern Illinois, on Lake Michigan; population 2,853,114 (est. 2008). Chicago develop

loss

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US / lɒs /

UK / lɔ:s /

A2
  • noun
  • Friend, family, or other loved person's death
  • Decrease or decline in quantity or amount
  • Experience or state of failing to have or keep
  • A situation when you lose a game
  • Process of failing to have or keep something
  • Difficulty or trouble caused by someone's leaving
  • Situation when more money is spent than is earned

lawmaker

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US / ˈlɔ:meɪkə(r) /

UK / ˈlɔˌmekɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Politicians who make new laws

relation

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US / rɪˈleɪʃn /

UK / rɪˈleɪʃn /

A2
  • noun
  • Connection between two or more things
  • A member of your family
  • Way in which two or more things are connected
  • Introduction to Video Content
  • The shocking move to criminalize nonviolent protestIn this video, journalist and author Will Potter shares his personal experience with the criminalization of nonviolent protest and the impact it has on activists and society as a whole. Potter begins by recounting his time working for the Chicago Tribune shortly after the September 11 attacks, where he found himself immersed in reporting on shootings and murders, which left him feeling disillusioned and depressed. Having had previous involvement in activism during his college years, Potter decided to join a local group in their efforts to hang door knockers against animal testing, thinking it would be a safe and positive way to make a difference.However, luck was not on his side, as he and his fellow activists were arrested during the action. Potter's charges were later dismissed, but his encounter with the legal system did not end there. A few weeks later, he received an unexpected visit from two FBI agents who gave him an ultimatum: either he cooperates with the agency by spying on protest groups, or he would be labeled a domestic terrorist.Terrified by the implications of this threat, Potter became obsessed with understanding how nonviolent activists advocating for causes like animal rights and environmental preservation could be viewed as a top domestic terrorism threat. He soon discovered that these activists were being targeted and demonized by corporations and the government in an effort to maintain the status quo and protect profits. In his testimony before Congress, Potter emphasized that while the world was focusing on going green, there were individuals who were risking their lives to defend forests and halt oil pipelines, putting their bodies in harm's way to protect the environment.Potter points out that these activists, like the ones who scaled barbed wire fences in Italy to rescue beagles from animal testing, are ordinary people driven by passion and conviction. Their movements have achieved remarkable success and garnered widespread support. However, their opponents sought to undermine their cause by creating the term "eco-terrorist" in 1985, altering public perception and framing their nonviolent actions as acts of terrorism.Potter reveals that corporations backing these industries have successfully pushed for laws like the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act, which criminalize activism and label it as terrorism if it results in financial losses for companies. This shift in legal language not only silences dissent but also perpetuates the perception of nonviolent protesters as dangerous criminals.In this thought-provoking video, Potter sheds light on the dangerous consequences of criminalizing nonviolent protest and calls for a reevaluation of how society, lawmakers, and the media perceive and respond to these movements.
  • Subtitles section
  • It was less than a year after September 11, and I was at the Chicago Tribune writing about shootings and murders, and it was leaving me feeling pretty dark and depressed.
  • I had done some activism in college, so I decided to help a local group hang door knockers against animal testing.
  • I thought it would be a safe way to do something positive, but of course I have the absolute worst luck ever, and we were all arrested.
  • Police took this blurry photo of me holding leaflets as evidence.
  • My charges were dismissed, but a few weeks later, two FBI agents knocked on my door, and they told me that unless I helped them by spying on protest groups, they would put me on a domestic terrorist list.
  • I'd love to tell you that I didn't flinch, but I was terrified, and when my fear subsided, I became obsessed with finding out how this happened, how animal rights and environmental activists who have never injured anyone could become the FBI's number one domestic terrorism threat.
  • A few years later, I was invited to testify before Congress about my reporting, and I told lawmakers that, while everybody is talking about going green, some people are risking their lives to defend forests and to stop oil pipelines.
  • They're physically putting their bodies on the line between the whalers' harpoons and the whales.
  • These are everyday people, like these protesters in Italy who spontaneously climbed over barbed wire fences to rescue beagles from animal testing.
  • And these movements have been incredibly effective and popular, so in 1985, their opponents made up a new word, eco-terrorist, to shift how we view them.
  • They just made it up.
  • Now these companies have backed new laws like the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act, which turns activism into terrorism if it causes a loss of profits.
  • Now most people never even heard about this law, including members of Congress.
  • Less than one percent were in the room when it passed the House.
  • The rest were outside at a new memorial.
  • They were praising Dr. King as his style of activism was branded as terrorism if done in the name of animals or the environment.
  • Supporters say laws like this are needed for the extremists: the vandals, the arsonists, the radicals.
  • But right now, companies like TransCanada are briefing police in presentations like this one about how to prosecute nonviolent protesters as terrorists.
  • The FBI's training documents on eco-terrorism are not about violence, they're about public relations.
  • Today, in multiple countries, corporations are pushing new laws that make it illegal to photograph animal cruelty on their farms.
  • The latest was in Idaho just two weeks ago, and today we released a lawsuit challenging it as unconstitutional as a threat to journalism.
  • The first of these ag-gag prosecutions, as they're called, was a young woman named Amy Meyer, and Amy saw a sick cow being moved by a bulldozer outside of a slaughterhouse as she was on the public street.
  • And Amy did what any of us would: She filmed it.
  • When I found out about her story, I wrote about it, and within 24 hours, it created such an uproar that the prosecutors just dropped all the charges.
  • But apparently, even exposing stuff like that is a threat.
  • Through the Freedom of Information Act, I learned that the counter-terrorism unit has been monitoring my articles and speeches like this one.
  • They even included this nice little write-up of my book.
  • They described it as "compelling and well-written." (Applause) Blurb on the next book, right?
  • The point of all of this is to make us afraid, but as a journalist, I have an unwavering faith in the power of education.
  • Our best weapon is sunlight.
  • Dostoevsky wrote that the whole work of man is to prove he's a man and not a piano key.
  • Over and over throughout history, people in power have used fear to silence the truth and to silence dissent.
  • It's time we strike a new note.
  • Thank you.
  • (Applause)