Sticker Shock: Canada's housing inflation keeping prospective buyers on the sidelines
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
she
US / ʃɪ /
•UK / ʃi /
- pronoun
- Female person or animal mentioned before
- (Refers to female person mentioned before)
house
US / haʊs /
•UK / haʊs /
- noun
- Place where a specific activity or business occurs
- Building in which a family, person lives
- verb
- To give someone a place to live
- To contain or store something
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
toronto
US / tə'rɒntəʊ /
•UK / tə'rɑnto /
- proper noun
- A city in Canada, capital of Ontario, on the northern shore of Lake Ontario; population 2,503,281 (2
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
people
US / 'pi:pl /
•UK / ˈpipəl /
- noun
- Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
- Men, Women, Children
about
US / ə'baʊt /
•UK / əˈbaʊt /
- adverb
- To be ready to; going to
- Nearly; approximately; roughly
- Near; next to; close to
- In every direction; in the area of
- preposition
- Concerning or of (a topic)
typical
US / ˈtɪpɪkl /
•UK / ˈtɪpɪkəl /
- adjecitve
- Normal; usual; expected
own
US / əʊn /
•UK / on /
- adjecitve
- Belong to oneself
- determiner
- Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
- pronoun
- (Something) belong to myself
- verb
- To have something as your property
generational
US / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl /
•UK / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning people born at about the same time
anne
US / æn /
•UK / æn /
- noun
- Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; daughter if James II and the last of the Stuart monarchs;
require
US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /
•UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /
- verb
- To demand that someone does something
- To need to do something, to make it necessary
great
US / ɡreɪt /
•UK / ɡret /
- adjecitve
- Very large in size
- Very important
- Very good; fantastic; wonderful
- adverb
- Very good; better than before
- noun
- Successful and well-admired person
annual
US / ˈænjuəl /
•UK / ˈænjuəl /
- adjecitve
- Happening once a year, or every year
- noun
- Book (in a series) released each year
must
US / məst /
•UK / mʌst /
- noun
- Something that is necessary or required
- other
- (Used to state that something ought to be true)
- Used to say something is required or necessary
family
US / 'fæməlɪ /
•UK / ˈfæmli /
- noun
- Close group of people or organizations
- A group of people who are related through blood
- Group of related plants or animals
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
during
US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /
•UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /
- preposition
- At some point in the course of an event or thing
annually
US / ˈænjuəli /
•UK / ˈænjʊəlɪ /
- adverb
- Every year; once a year
deputy
US / ˈdepjuti /
•UK / ˈdɛpjəti /
- noun
- Assistant to a leader who acts on his, her behalf
asset
US / 'æset /
•UK / ˈæsˌɛt /
- noun
- Thing that has value to you
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
wealth
US / welθ /
•UK / wɛlθ /
- noun
- Amount of money or possessions you own, e.g. large
- Great quantity, amount, or number of something
take
US / teɪk /
•UK / tek /
- noun
- Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
- verb
- To accept something that is offered
- To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
- To use a camera to make (a photo)
- To pick up something and go away with it
- To study a subject in school
- To attempt to pass (an exam)
- To require a certain amount of time, money, space
way
US / weɪ /
•UK / we /
- adverb
- Used to emphasize the amount of something
- noun
- Particular aspect of something being thought about
- One of various choices that could be made
- Particular existing condition or state
- (Often long) distance or length of time
- How something is done
- Route to go to a place
- Small street
- Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone
their
US / ðɛː /
•UK / ðer /
- determiner
- Belonging to them
rite
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- noun
- Act that is part of a religious ceremony
worker
US / ˈwɜ:kə(r) /
•UK / ˈwɜ:rkə(r) /
- noun
- Person who works
who
US / hu: /
•UK / hu /
- pronoun
- Which person
- Used to introduce information about people
prospect
US / 'prɒspekt /
•UK / ˈprɑsˌpɛkt /
- noun
- Opportunity or chance for success
- Person who is considered for a particular position
- verb
- To search for minerals such as gold or diamonds
country
US / ˈkʌntri /
•UK / ˈkʌntri /
- noun
- An area of land that is controlled by a government
- Open land that is away from towns and cities
bit
US / bɪt /
•UK / bɪt /
- noun
- Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- Small piece of something
- verb
- (E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught
work
US / wɜ:k /
•UK / wɚk /
- adjecitve
- Activity completed in order to make money
- noun
- The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- Everything created by an author, artist, musician
- Activity you do in order to make money
- Place of employment
- Final product or result of a some labor or effort
- verb
- To bring into a specific state of success
- To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
- To do your job in your company or workplace
- To make an effort to do something
- To operate a machine or device
combat
US / 'kɒmbæt /
•UK / kəmˈbæt, ˈkɑmˌbæt /
- verb
- To fight someone or something physically
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
condo
US / 'kɒndəʊ /
•UK / 'kɒndoʊ /
- noun
- Building containing individually owned apartments
call
US / kɔ:l /
•UK / kɔl /
- noun
- A order or request for action
- The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
- A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
- A short visit to a place or person
- A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
- verb
- To make a request or order for action
- (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
- To announce the date of an election
- To make a judgment about something
- To give someone or something a name
- To guess in advance the result or outcome
- To visit a place or person for a short time
- To phone someone
- To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice
intergenerational
US / ˌɪntərˈdʒɛnəˈreɪʃənəl /
•UK / /
- adjecitve
- Between generations
money
US / 'mʌnɪ /
•UK / ˈmʌni /
- noun
- Coins or notes we use to pay for things
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
squeeze
US / skwi:z /
•UK / skwiz /
- noun
- Amount of liquid from firmly pressing e.g. orange
- Act of putting pressure on, as to get liquid out
- When there is not enough space for things/people
- Act of firmly pressing on two or more sides
- verb
- To force or threaten someone to give you something
- To strongly compress something to get liquid out
- To be pressed together or crowded into an area
- To press together the opposite sides of something
- To reduce the amount of something
grandparent
US / ˈgrænpeərənt /
•UK / ˈɡrændˌpɛrənt, -ˌpær-, ˈɡræn- /
- noun
- Your mother or father's parent
come
US / kʌm /
•UK / kʌm /
- verb
- To arrive at a place
- (Of mail) to be delivered
- To move toward someone; go with someone
- To reach a certain point or state
hurt
US / hɜ:t /
•UK / hɚt /
- noun
- Mental, emotional, or physical pain
- verb
- To cause pain, damage or injury
something
US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /
•UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /
- adverb
- In some degree or measure
- noun
- a person or thing of some value or consequence
- pronoun
- Thing that is not yet known or named
- Approximately
advocacy
US / ˈædvəkəsi /
•UK / ˈædvəkəsi /
- noun
- Request for change
- Public support for a belief
pandemic
US / pæn'demɪk /
•UK / pænˈdɛmɪk /
- adjecitve
- (of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals, or
- noun
- a pandemic disease
nearly
US / ˈniəli /
•UK / ˈnɪrli /
- adverb
- Not completely; almost
income
US / ˈɪnkʌm /
•UK / ˈɪnˌkʌm /
- noun
- Earned money from work, investments or business
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
save
US / seɪv /
•UK / sev /
- noun
- Preventing a player in a game from scoring a goal
- preposition
- Except; not including
- verb
- To make your computer keep a file
- To keep for future use
- To make something unnecessary; prevent
- To keep money so that you will have it later
- To keep something for future use, such as money
- To keep or rescue someone or something from harm
- To prevent a player in a game from scoring a goal
- To avoid the unnecessary waste of energy, etc.
metro
US / ˈmetrəʊ /
•UK / ˈmetroʊ /
- noun
- Underground railway or subway
dream
US / dri:m /
•UK / drim /
- noun
- A wish or hope for something to happen
- Imagination or image of something you want
- Images, thoughts, feelings experienced when asleep
- verb
- To wish for something to happen
- To experience thoughts, images while asleep
child
US / tʃaɪld /
•UK / tʃaɪld /
- noun
- A very young person, between about 2 and 15
become
US / bɪ'kʌm /
•UK / bɪˈkʌm /
- verb
- To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
- To be suitable for a particular job or role
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
politic
US / ˈpɒlətɪk /
•UK / ˈpɑlɪtɪk /
- adjecitve
- Careful what you say; diplomatic
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
vancouver
US / vænˈkuːvə(r) /
•UK / vænˈkuːvər /
- proper noun
- A city and port in British Columbia, in southwestern Canada, on the mainland opposite Vancouver Isla
- An industrial port city in southwestern Washington, on the Columbia River, north of Portland in Oreg
our
US / 'aʊə(r) /
•UK / aʊr /
- determiner
- Belonging to us
will
US / wɪl /
•UK / wɪl /
- noun
- Desire or choice of someone
- Document saying who gets your money when you die
- Strong desire to do something; determination
- Desire to do something; strong wish to do
- other
- Used with verbs to express the future
- verb
- To leave property to someone after your death
- To use mental effort to make something happen
- Am (is, are) likely to do
- To influence someone to do something
- To make something happen by strongly wanting it
million
US / ˈmɪljən /
•UK / ˈmɪljən /
- number
- 1,000,000
global
US / ˈgləʊbl /
•UK / ˈgloʊbl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
- Of, affecting, or involving the entire world
economy
US / ɪ'kɒnəmɪ /
•UK / ɪˈkɑnəmi /
- noun
- Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
- Total of all goods, services and wages in an area
wedding
US / ˈwedɪŋ /
•UK / ˈwɛdɪŋ /
- noun
- A marriage of two people
- verb
- To combine and join two things together as one
ever
US / 'evə(r) /
•UK / ˈɛvɚ /
- adverb
- At any time; at all times in the future
afford
US / ə'fɔ:d /
•UK / əˈfɔrd, əˈford /
- verb
- To make available, to provide
- To have enough money to pay for something
newcomer
US / ˈnju:kʌmə(r) /
•UK / ˈnuˌkʌmɚ, ˈnju- /
- noun
- Person who arrives, often with a promising future
inflation
US / ɪn'fleɪʃn /
•UK / ɪnˈfleʃən /
- noun
- Act of filling something with air or gas
- Continual rise in the prices of products
area
US / 'eərɪə /
•UK / ˈɛriə /
- noun
- Amount of measured space
- A specific section or space; part of a region
- A subject or field of study
bonus
US / ˈbəʊnəs /
•UK / ˈboʊnəs /
- noun
- Extra money for achieving, exceeding targets
try
US / traɪ /
•UK / traɪ /
- noun
- Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
- verb
- To make an effort, to attempt to do something
- To examine someone or something in a court of law
- To test to see if it is good or you like it
- To make a person go through hardship; test
- To examine something to see if it works
housing
US / ˈhaʊzɪŋ /
•UK / ˈhaʊzɪŋ /
- noun
- Homes; houses in general
- Cover for a machine
- verb
- To give someone a place to live
- To contain or store something
either
US / ˈaɪðə(r) /
•UK / ˈiðɚ, ˈaɪðɚ /
- adjecitve
- One of two (used when there is a choice of two)
- adverb
- (After negative statements) likewise, in addition
- conjunction
- Used as the first of two connected things
- determiner
- Used as the first of two connected things
- pronoun
- The one or the other
moment
US / 'məʊmənt /
•UK / 'moʊmənt /
- noun
- Very short or brief period of time
- A particular period in time
know
US / nəʊ /
•UK / noʊ /
- verb
- To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- To feel sure or be convinced about something
- To discover or be aware of something
- To be able to distinguish
- To have knowledge of things
canada
US / 'kænədə /
•UK / ˈkænədə /
- proper noun
- A country in northern North America, the second largest country in the world; population 35,900,000
outlive
US / ˌaʊt'lɪv /
•UK / ˌaʊt'lɪv /
- verb
- To live longer than someone, something else
interest
US / 'ɪntrəst /
•UK / ˈɪntrɪst, -tərɪst, -ˌtrɛst /
- noun
- Best or most advantageous thing for someone
- Activity or subject one enjoys doing or learning
- Fee for borrowing money
- verb
- To make someone want to know about something
- To persuade to do, become involved with something
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
grandchild
US / ˈgræntʃaɪld /
•UK / ˈɡrændˌtʃaɪld, ˈɡræn- /
- noun
- Your son or daughter's child
decade
US / ˈdekeɪd /
•UK / ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked /
- noun
- Period of 10 years
world
US / wɜ:ld /
•UK / wɜrld /
- noun
- All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- Political division due to some kind of similarity
young
US / jʌŋ /
•UK / jʌŋ /
- adjecitve
- At an early stage of existence; not mature
- Being recently created or started
- noun
- Babies in a group or family of animals
group
US / ɡru:p /
•UK / ɡrup /
- noun
- Two or more musicians who play music together
- Number of people or things gathered together
- verb
- To combine or collect objects or people together
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
shoot
US / ʃu:t /
•UK / ʃut /
- noun
- Emerging new part of a plant
- verb
- To kick or throw a ball at a goal
- To fire a gun; injure or kill someone with a gun
- To (cause to) fly away forcefully
- To use a camera to record a film/take a photograph
ownership
US / ˈəʊnəʃɪp /
•UK / ˈoʊnərʃɪp /
- noun
- State of having a legal right to possess something
news
US / nju:z /
•UK / nu:z /
- noun
- Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
- Information about recent events
home
US / həʊm /
•UK / hom /
- adjecitve
- A sports team's own field or place of play
- adverb
- Into the correct or intended position
- noun
- House, apartment or building to be rented or sold
- Institution for sick or elderly people
- Place where a person or a family lives
- Country where a person lives or was born
- Region that is native to peoples, plant or animals
- verb
- To move towards a particular target location
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
hurdle
US / 'hɜ:dl /
•UK / ˈhɚdl /
- noun
- Small fence a person or horse jumps over in a race
- Problem that makes it hard to achieve something
- verb
- To run and jump over something
- To overcome a problem to achieve something
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
bleak
US / bli:k /
•UK / blik /
- adjecitve
- Desolate and colorless; without much hope
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
generation
US / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn /
•UK / ˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən /
- noun
- Act or process of producing or causing something
- People born and living at about the same time
much
US / mʌtʃ /
•UK / mʌtʃ /
- adjecitve
- Very; to a high level or degree
- adverb
- A lot; large amount; a high degree of
- Nearly; basically
- On many occasions; often
- noun
- A large amount; a great quantity
earth
US / ɜ:θ /
•UK / ɚθ /
- noun
- Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
- The planet we live on
- Soil in which we grow plants
breather
US / ˈbri:ðə(r) /
•UK / 'bri:ðər /
- noun
- Short rest after activity
well
US / wel /
•UK / wɛl /
- adjecitve
- Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
- Healthy and in good condition
- adverb
- In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
- In a complete, total, or full manner
- A great and considerable degree
- In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
- exclamation
- Used to begin or continue a particular statement
- Used to show you want to start saying something
- Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
- You say this to change the topic of a conversation
- Used to indicate you are making a final remark
- noun
- Long deep hole in the ground to get water
- verb
- To cause your eyes to fill with tears
upcoming
US / ˈʌpkʌmɪŋ /
•UK / ˈʌpˌkʌmɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Occurring soon; approaching
start
US / stɑ:t /
•UK / stɑrt /
- noun
- First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
- First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
- Sudden action or movement because you are scared
- other
- Beginning of something in place or time
- verb
- To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
- To turn something on
never
US / 'nevə(r) /
•UK / ˈnɛvɚ /
- adverb
- Not ever; not at any time
benefit
US / 'benɪfɪt /
•UK / ˈbɛnəfɪt /
- noun
- Good result or effect, something advantageous
- verb
- To have a good effect or be helpful
amount
US / ə'maʊnt /
•UK / əˈmaʊnt /
- noun
- Quantity of something
- verb
- To add up to a certain figure
skyrocket
US / 'skaɪrɒkɪt /
•UK / ˈskaɪˌrɑkɪt /
- verb
- (Prices or things) to increase suddenly
price
US / praɪs /
•UK / praɪs /
- noun
- Person's name
- Cost of something in money
- verb
- To determine or set the cost of something
parent
US / 'peərənt /
•UK / ˈpɛrənt, ˈpær- /
- noun
- Person's, animal's mother or father
- Something creating other things of the same kind
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
ottawa
US / 'ɒtəwə /
•UK / 'ɑ:təwə /
- other
- A member of the Algonquian people of southern Ontario
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
bridge
US / brɪdʒ /
•UK / brɪdʒ /
- noun
- Structure built over river, road so you can cross
- verb
- To make a link between; bring together
average
US / 'ævərɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Typical or normal; usual; ordinary
- noun
- Total of numbers divided by the number of items
- verb
- To add numbers then divide by the number of items
you
US / jʊ /
•UK / ju /
- pronoun
- Person someone is speaking or writing to
- Person or people in general
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
payment
US / ˈpeɪmənt /
•UK / ˈpemənt /
- noun
- Amount of money that is paid for something
five
US / faɪv /
•UK / faɪv /
- number
- 5
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
rate
US / reɪt /
•UK / ret /
- noun
- Current price or cost of something
- Speed or frequency of events over time
- verb
- To assess something or consider its qualities
person
US / 'pɜ:sn /
•UK / 'pɜ:rsn /
- noun
- Man, woman or child
little
US / 'lɪtl /
•UK / ˈlɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Being short in length of time
- Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
- Being very young or younger than others
- adverb
- By an amount or degree that is not very much
- Not often; rarely
- noun
- A person's name
earner
US / ˈɜ:nə(r) /
•UK / ˈɜ:rnə(r) /
- noun
- Someone who earn wages in return for their labor
passage
US / 'pæsɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈpæsɪdʒ /
- noun
- Process of moving through time
- Journey by ship from one place to another
- Narrow opening which things can go through
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
across
US / əˈkrɔs /
•UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /
- adverb
- Distance from one side to another
- (Go) from one side to the other of something