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Lion Pride vs. Buffalo | National Geographic

Video vocabulary

exploit

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US / ɪk'splɔɪt /

UK / ɪkˈsplɔɪt /

B1
  • noun
  • Personal journey or series of events
  • verb
  • To selfishly take advantage of or treat badly
  • To use something in a very effective manner

kill

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US / kɪl /

UK / kɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Animal killed by a person or other animal
  • verb
  • To cause someone to experience a lot of pain
  • To end the life of a person or other living thing
  • To be very funny
  • To prevent something from continuing or operating
  • To do something unimportant to pass time quickly

intend

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US / ɪnˈtend /

UK / ɪnˈtɛnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To plan or want to do something

water

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US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /

UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
  • Large area such as an ocean or sea
  • verb
  • (Of the eyes) to produce tears
  • (Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
  • To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive

die

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US / daɪ /

UK / daɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
  • verb
  • To cease to function or work
  • (Of a thing) to stop being used or done
  • (Of a person) to stop living

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

situation

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US / ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn /

UK / ˌsɪtʃuˈeʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Place, position or area that something is in
  • Circumstance or condition surrounding an event
  • An unexpected problem or difficulty

throat

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US / θrəʊt /

UK / θroʊt /

A2
  • noun
  • Part of the neck that is below the chin

few

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US / fju: /

UK / fju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Not many, a small number

drought

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US / draʊt /

UK / draʊt /

B1
  • noun
  • Long period of dry weather

animal

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US / ˈænɪml /

UK / ˈænəməl /

A1
  • noun
  • A living creature that is not a plant or person

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

sharp

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US / ʃɑ:p /

UK / ʃɑrp /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being very clear and easy to see
  • (Of clothes) nicely or stylishly
  • Being able to think, see, or understand quickly
  • Having a thin edge or point that is able to cut
  • Requiring a quick or sudden change in direction
  • Having a flavor that is very strong and distinct
  • adverb
  • At precisely the time given
  • Suddenly; immediately (of directions)
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • A musical tone

cow

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US / kaʊ /

UK / kaʊ /

A2
  • noun
  • Large farm animal from which we get milk and beef
  • verb
  • To make afraid or ashamed; intimidate

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

stand

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US / stænd /

UK / stænd /

A1
  • noun
  • Effort to fight against something
  • Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
  • Place in a stadium where spectators watch
  • Table where things are sold at a fair or market
  • verb
  • To be a candidate in an election
  • To be able to accept someone, something; bear
  • To last for a long time
  • To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
  • To place something in a particular position; place
  • To be (as stated)
  • To still be valid
  • To have an opinion about something

year

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US / jə: /

UK / jɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
  • Used to refer to the age of a person

deadly

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US / ˈdedli /

UK / ˈdɛdli /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Causing or capable of causing death
  • Being very accurate

one

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US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn /

A1
  • pronoun
  • You; we; people in general; someone
  • The thing or person previously referred to
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to people generally
  • Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
  • number
  • Number 1

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

agonizing

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US / ˈægənaɪzɪŋ /

UK / ˈæɡəˌnaɪzɪŋ /

B2
  • verb
  • To suffer painfully over something; be in agony

able

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US / 'eɪbl /

UK / ˈebəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Skilled; good at something
  • Having the ability to do something

cape

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US / keɪp /

UK / kep /

B1
  • noun
  • Clothing without sleeves worn over the shoulders
  • Large area of land that sticks out into a sea

too

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition, also; with emphasis
  • Say that something is more than you want

usual

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US / ˈju:ʒuəl /

UK / ˈjuʒuəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being the way things occur most of the time

here

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US / hɪə(r) /

UK / hɪr /

A1
  • adverb
  • In this place; at this location, position or time

cub

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US / kʌb /

UK / kʌb /

B1
  • noun
  • Young of certain animals, e.g. fox, lion or bear

will

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US / wɪl /

UK / wɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Desire or choice of someone
  • Document saying who gets your money when you die
  • Strong desire to do something; determination
  • Desire to do something; strong wish to do
  • other
  • Used with verbs to express the future
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • Am (is, are) likely to do
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

lock

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US / lɒk /

UK / lɑ:k /

A2
  • noun
  • Small portion of your hair that hangs together
  • Place on a door, etc. that you close with a key
  • verb
  • To become fixed in place and hard to move
  • To use a key, code so others can't open something

lame

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US / leɪm /

UK / lem /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Having a damaged leg/foot making walking painful
  • Being weak and unconvincing
  • Being unremarkable or dull
  • verb
  • To cause to become incapable of walking

pile

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US / paɪl /

UK / paɪl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • (Surface) consisting of usually short threads
  • noun
  • Large amount of something
  • Group of things one on top of another
  • Long post used to support something
  • Carpet, rug consisting of usually short threads
  • verb
  • (E.g. of problems) to increase; get more or worse

eat

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US / i:t /

UK / it /

A1
  • verb
  • To put food in your mouth

four

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US / fɔ:(r) /

UK / fɔr, for /

A1
  • number
  • 4

wait

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US / weɪt /

UK / wet /

A1
  • verb
  • To delay or not do something until later
  • To spend time until an expected thing happens
  • To remain in a place until a thing happens

desperate

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US / ˈdespərət /

UK / ˈdɛspərɪt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being beyond hope; prepared to do anything
  • State of urgently wanting to go to the toilet

perfectly

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US / ˈpɜ:fɪktli /

UK / ˈpəfɪktli /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a faultless manner; without mistakes

separate

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US / 'sepəreɪt /

UK / 'sepəreɪt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being different from or unrelated to another
  • verb
  • To divide two things by being in between them
  • To live away from your husband or wife
  • To move things away from each other

should

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US / ʃʊd /

UK / ʃʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

attack

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US / ə'tæk /

UK / əˈtæk /

A2
  • noun
  • Act intended to hurt someone physically, mentally
  • verb
  • To try to destroy, beat, or injure

herd

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US / hɜ:d /

UK / hɜ:rd /

B2
  • noun
  • Group of the same animal that eat, live together
  • Group of people who are easily influenced
  • verb
  • To gather animals together to move them
  • To come together into a group

renew

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US / rɪ'nju: /

UK / rɪˈnu, -ˈnju /

B1
  • verb
  • To make something stronger, fresher, or like new
  • To replace something old or worn by something new
  • To make something valid again for future period
  • To begin again after stopping, as with more energy

game

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US / ɡeɪm /

UK / ɡem /

A1
  • noun
  • Activity with rules that people play to have fun
  • Birds and animals people hunt to kill and eat
  • Match between two teams

leave

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US / li:v /

UK / liv /

A1
  • noun
  • Permission to do something
  • Vacation time; time off work
  • verb
  • To go away from; depart
  • To gift property to someone after you die
  • To allow something to continue happening
  • To let something remain unused or available
  • To let something or someone remain somewhere

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

abandon

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US / ə'bændən /

UK / əˈbændən /

B1
  • noun
  • Wild, carefree behavior
  • verb
  • To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
  • To withdraw your support, or leave someone
  • To stop doing or having (hope, plans); give up
  • To leave a place, car and not go back
  • To surrender to a desire, with little self-control

normally

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US / ˈnɔ:məli /

UK / ˈnɔːrməli /

B1
  • adverb
  • In the manner that is usual or ordinary

large

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US / lɑ:dʒ /

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

over

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US / 'əʊvə(r) /

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Finished; no longer happening
  • Towards the ground/away from a standing position
  • noun
  • A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
  • other
  • Finished
  • preposition
  • Showing the relation when a thing is above another
  • On or covering something
  • Above or across something
  • More than you need
  • From one side to the other
  • In the direction of; toward

finally

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US / ˈfaɪnəli /

UK / ˈfaɪnəli /

A1
  • adverb
  • used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
  • After a long time or some difficulty

food

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US / fu:d /

UK / fud /

A1
  • noun
  • What people and animals eat to live
  • Things taken in by plants to maintain life
  • A particular style or type of cooking, e.g. Asian

africa

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US / 'æfrɪkə /

UK / ˈæfrɪkə /

A1
  • noun
  • Continent between the Atlantic and Indian oceans

grass

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US / grɑ:s /

UK / græs /

A2
  • noun
  • Slang name for marijuana
  • Plants with narrow green leaves, grown on lawns
  • verb
  • To betray someone
  • To cover an area of ground to make a lawn or field

seven

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US / ˈsevn /

UK / ˈsɛvən /

A1
  • number
  • Number 7

safety

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US / ˈseɪfti /

UK / ˈsefti /

A1
  • noun
  • Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
  • State of being free from harm or danger

weigh

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US / weɪ /

UK / weɪ /

A2
  • verb
  • To balance things against each other
  • To consider something carefully to form an opinion
  • To determine the weight of, using scales

south

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US / saʊθ /

UK / saʊθ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
  • Coming from the opposite direction from north
  • noun
  • The direction to your right of the rising sun

sight

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US / saɪt /

UK / saɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Things or people that one can see
  • Range or distance that someone can see
  • Famous places often visited by tourists
  • Sense that allows you to see
  • Act of seeing someone or something
  • verb
  • To aim (a gun) at something to get your range
  • To see something rare or unusual

substantial

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US / səbˈstænʃl /

UK / səbˈstænʃəl /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • (Of a meal) able to satisfy your hunger; filling
  • Being large in degree, quantity, or size
  • Being strongly and firmly made or built

buffalo

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US / ˈbʌfələʊ /

UK / ˈbʌfəloʊ /

B2
  • noun
  • Wild animal with horns similar to a large cow

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

deliver

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US / dɪ'lɪvə(r) /

UK / dɪˈlɪvɚ /

A2
  • verb
  • To give birth to a child; help a woman give birth
  • To save someone from a problem or crisis
  • To keep a promise; do what you say you would
  • To present something to a group, as a speech
  • To take something to a person or place

pride

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US / praɪd /

UK / praɪd /

A2
  • noun
  • Sense of your own importance and worth
  • verb
  • To be proud of something you did

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

life

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US / laɪf /

UK / laɪf /

A1
  • noun
  • All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • Period of time things live, from birth to death

vulnerable

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US / ˈvʌlnərəbl /

UK / ˈvʌlnərəbəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being open to attack or damage
  • Being easily harmed, hurt, or wounded

windpipe

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US / ˈwɪndpaɪp /

UK / ˈwɪndˌpaɪp /

C2
  • noun
  • Part of throat where air passes to lungs

become

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US / bɪ'kʌm /

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

lion

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US / ˈlaɪən /

UK / ˈlaɪən /

B1
  • noun
  • Large wild cats from Africa and south Asia

slow

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US / sləʊ /

UK / sloʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Lacking activity, busyness or excitement
  • (Clock) showing time earlier than the actual time
  • Having difficulty understanding simple things
  • Moving or happening without speed; not fast
  • verb
  • To move, with less speed than before
  • To move or go without much speed

member

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US / ˈmembə(r) /

UK / ˈmɛmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Part of the body of a human, animal
  • Person or thing belonging to a group or team

unwary

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US / ʌnˈweəri /

UK / ʌnˈweri /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • Not alert to danger or deception; not watchful

chance

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US / tʃɑ:ns /

UK / tʃæns /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Happening by luck; not planned
  • Taking a risk to try something
  • noun
  • The way something happens without planning
  • An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
  • The possibility that something will happen
  • verb
  • To occur just through luck; happen
  • To take a risk to try something

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

horn

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US / hɔ:n /

UK / hɔ:rn /

B1
  • noun
  • Device that makes a loud warning noise
  • (Animals) hard pointed structure growing on heads
  • Material from animal antlers
  • Metal wind instrument

who

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US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

old

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US / əʊld /

UK / old /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Having existed for a long time, not young or new
  • Age of a person since birth

several

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US / ˈsevrəl /

UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Many of
  • pronoun
  • More than two but not a large amount

death

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US / deθ /

UK / dɛθ /

A2
  • noun
  • When someone dies; the end of life

direction

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US / də'rekʃn /

UK / dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ- /

A2
  • noun
  • When someone tells people what to do
  • Describes the way you are going, e.g. North

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

male

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US / meɪl /

UK / ˈmel /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Characteristic of boys or men
  • noun
  • A member of the sex that fertilizes eggs

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

hard

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US / hɑ:d /

UK / hɑː(r)d /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Difficult to do; difficult to understand
  • (Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
  • (Of alcohol) strong
  • Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
  • Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
  • Strong
  • (Of edge) clear; sharp
  • Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
  • adverb
  • With lots of force, power, or impact

locate

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US / ləʊ'keɪt /

UK / ˈloˌket,loˈket /

A2
  • verb
  • To find exactly where something is positioned
  • To put something in a new place

must

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US / məst /

UK / mʌst /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that is necessary or required
  • other
  • (Used to state that something ought to be true)
  • Used to say something is required or necessary

number

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US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /

UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
  • Particular song or dance performed during a show
  • Total quantity or amount of things
  • verb
  • To put numbers on things
  • To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
  • To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set

crush

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US / krʌʃ /

UK / krʌʃ /

B1
  • noun
  • Strong attraction to someone
  • verb
  • To break something into small pieces by pressing
  • To defeat someone or something (in a game)
  • To damage something by flattening it
  • To cause someone to feel humiliated

disappear

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US / ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r) /

UK / ˌdɪsəˈpɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To no longer see because it's not there any more

right

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Correct or true
  • The south side of you looking at the rising sun
  • adverb
  • Exactly in a place or time
  • Being appropriate for a particular event
  • In a straight or direct manner
  • noun
  • Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
  • Ideal of what is just and good
  • Political view based on conservatism
  • verb
  • To fix something previously wrong or unjust
  • To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

she

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US / ʃɪ /

UK / ʃi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Female person or animal mentioned before
  • (Refers to female person mentioned before)

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

enough

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US / ɪˈnʌf /

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sufficient to answer the need
  • adverb
  • To a satisfactory degree
  • pronoun
  • Equal to what is needed; as much as required
  • Adequate number or amount

isolated

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US / ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd /

UK / ˈaɪsəˌletɪd /

B1
  • verb
  • To identify, consider, or deal with separately
  • To keep in a place or situation apart from others
  • To separate something from another substance

mean

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US / mi:n /

UK / min /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good at
  • Nasty; unkind
  • Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
  • noun
  • Average of a set of numbers
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular meaning or value

challenge

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US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /

UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
  • Act of formally inviting someone to compete
  • A question to determine correctness of something
  • verb
  • To formally invite someone to compete at something
  • To question the correctness of something

claw

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US / klɔ: /

UK / klɔ /

B1
  • noun
  • Long, sharp, and usually curved nail of an animal
  • verb
  • To dig or pull with the nails or fingers

bite

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US / baɪt /

UK / baɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Amount of food taken into your mouth at one time
  • Wound left from being bitten
  • verb
  • (E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught
  • To close your teeth onto something, usually to eat

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

onto

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US / ˈɒntə /

UK / ˈɑnˌtu, -tə, ˈɔn- /

A1
  • preposition
  • Towards a certain direction/into a certain area

could

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US / kəd /

UK / kʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
  • Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

foot

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US / fʊt /

UK / fʊt /

A1
  • noun
  • Base of something such as a mountain or vase
  • Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
  • Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

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US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

moment

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US / 'məʊmənt /

UK / 'moʊmənt /

A1
  • noun
  • Very short or brief period of time
  • A particular period in time

suffer

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US / 'sʌfə(r) /

UK / ˈsʌfɚ /

A2
  • verb
  • To experience pain, illness, or injury

slightly

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US / ˈslaɪtli /

UK / ˈslaɪtli /

B1
  • adverb
  • Only a little

weakness

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US / ˈwi:knəs /

UK / ˈwiknɪs /

A2
  • noun
  • Fault or bad quality preventing success
  • Liking for something that you are a bit ashamed of

blow

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US / bləʊ /

UK / blo /

A2
  • noun
  • Something that causes you difficulty or sadness
  • Act of making air come out of your mouth
  • A hit or strike from an object
  • verb
  • To move something using air
  • To make air come quickly out of your mouth
  • To clear something by forcing air through it

month

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US / mʌnθ /

UK / mʌnθ /

A1
  • noun
  • One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year
  • Subtitles section
  • Life this year on the Malamala Game Reserve in South Africa is hard, harder than usual.
  • A drought has left the animals here desperate for water and food.
  • This lion pride has had no substantial kills in months and several of their cubs have died.
  • The Cape buffalo too have suffered.
  • Grasses that should be in abundance have all but disappeared.
  • Lions are one of the few animals who will challenge a Cape buffalo.
  • Cape buffaloes are large animals.
  • Adults stand over four feet high and can be over seven feet long and weigh around 1,500 pounds.
  • And they’re known to be ferocious, perfectly able to kill an adult lion.
  • But the lions are desperate and so the pride takes a chance.
  • They stop the herd looking for one member vulnerable enough to attack.
  • For Cape buffalo there is safety in numbers.
  • Becoming separated and isolated is a grim situation.
  • The lions locate their intended target.
  • This cow is large.
  • Her sharp horns and hooves could normally deliver a deadly blow to an unwary lioness.
  • But this buffalo is old and slightly lame.
  • The lions will exploit these weaknesses.
  • The herd has abandoned the cow and the pride circles around her waiting for the right moment.
  • The lionesses attack, piling onto the buffalo, biting and clawing her from all directions.
  • Finally, a male lion locks onto the buffalo’s throat, crushing her windpipe.
  • It will be a slow, agonizing death.
  • It’s a gruesome sight, but the lions must eat as well.
  • This kill means a renewed chance at life for them.