How alcohol affects the brain
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
york
US / jɔ:k /
•UK / jɔrk /
- proper noun
- A city in northern England, on the Ouse River; population 136,900 (est. 2009).
- A commercial and industrial city in southeastern Pennsylvania; population 40,097 (est. 2008).
- The southwestern tip of Hayes Peninsula, on Baffin Bay in Greenland. It served as a base for US expl
about
US / ə'baʊt /
•UK / əˈbaʊt /
- adverb
- To be ready to; going to
- Nearly; approximately; roughly
- Near; next to; close to
- In every direction; in the area of
- preposition
- Concerning or of (a topic)
current
US / 'kʌrənt /
•UK / ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr- /
- adjecitve
- Happening or being in the present time
- noun
- Electricity flowing through wires
- Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
people
US / 'pi:pl /
•UK / ˈpipəl /
- noun
- Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
- Men, Women, Children
week
US / wi:k /
•UK / wik /
- noun
- Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
cbs
US / ˌsiː biː ˈes /
•UK / ˌsiː biː ˈes /
- abbreviation
- Columbia Broadcasting System.
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
glass
US / ɡlɑ:s /
•UK / ɡlæs /
- adjecitve
- Being made of glass
- noun
- Clear hard container used for drinking
- A lens for eyewear
- Hard see-through material used for making windows
include
US / ɪnˈklu:d /
•UK / ɪnˈklud /
- verb
- To make someone, something part of a group
evening
US / ˈi:vnɪŋ /
•UK / ˈivnɪŋ /
- noun
- Last part of the day and early part of night
- A social event in the early part of the night
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
case
US / keɪs /
•UK / kes /
- noun
- Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
- Set of facts about a crime
- Set of facts about an event
- Example or instance of something
- verb
- To find out about a place, as in planning to steal
find
US / faɪnd /
•UK / faɪnd /
- noun
- Object discovered by chance
- Things that have been discovered from searching
- verb
- To become aware of something that is happening
- To discover or meet by chance
- To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
- To learn through study, research, or effort
- To discover something by looking for it
wine
US / waɪn /
•UK / waɪn /
- adjecitve
- Dark red color
- noun
- Alcoholic drink made from the juice of grapes
example
US / ɪgˈzɑ:mpl /
•UK / ɪɡˈzæmpəl /
- noun
- Thing, person which represents a category
happen
US / 'hæpən /
•UK / ˈhæpən /
- verb
- To take place or occur
recommend
US / ˌrekə'mend /
•UK / ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd /
- verb
- To advise or suggest that someone do something
seven
US / ˈsevn /
•UK / ˈsɛvən /
- number
- Number 7
usually
US / ˈju:ʒuəli /
•UK / ˈjuːʒuəli /
- adverb
- Normally; regularly
liver
US / ˈlɪvə(r) /
•UK / ˈlɪvɚ /
- noun
- Organ from animals served as food
- Organ that absorbs food and cleans the blood
proportional
US / prəˈpɔ:ʃənl /
•UK / prəˈpɔ:rʃənl /
- adjecitve
- Having a size appropriate to the size of another
reasonable
US / ˈri:znəbl /
•UK / ˈrizənəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Being somewhat good, but not great
- Fair and sensible; appropriate
size
US / saɪz /
•UK / saɪz /
- noun
- How big or small a thing is
- Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
- verb
- To make something to fit a particular measurement
- To organize or group from small to large
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
structure
US / ˈstrʌk.tʃə /
•UK / ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ /
- noun
- The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in
- verb
- To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
necessary
US / 'nesəsərɪ /
•UK / ˈnɛsɪˌsɛri /
- adjecitve
- Needed or required; unavoidable
would
US / wʊd /
•UK / wʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate something imagined
- Used to ask or request something politely
- Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
- Used to indicate a preference
- Used to indicate a reaction
- Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
- Used to indicate willingness or ability to do
study
US / 'stʌdɪ /
•UK / ˈstʌdi /
- noun
- Room that a person studies or reads in
- Piece of research
- Topic or subject you research or learn about
- verb
- To focus on learning something usually at school
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
cut
US / kʌt /
•UK / kʌt /
- noun
- Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
- Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
- A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
- verb
- To reduce the size or amount of something
- To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces
good
US / ɡʊd /
•UK / ɡʊd /
- adjecitve
- Proper, appropriate or right
- (Of an amount) enough; plenty
- Excellent; high quality
- Acting well or properly; of moral character
- In a positive or happy emotional state
- noun
- Advantage or benefit
research
US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃ /
•UK / rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ /
- noun
- Study done to discover new ideas and facts
- Work done to find or discover knowledge
- verb
- To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
effect
US / ɪ'fekt /
•UK / ɪˈfɛkt /
- noun
- An advantage, benefit
- Change brought about by a cause; result
far
US / fɑ:(r) /
•UK / fɑr /
- adjecitve
- A long way away
- Being a long way away
- adverb
- To a large degree or extent
reduce
US / rɪ'dju:s /
•UK / rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus /
- verb
- To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
- To make something smaller in size, amount, level
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
chocolate
US / ˈtʃɒklət /
•UK / ˈtʃɑ:klət /
- adjecitve
- Being made from cocoa beans
- noun
- Hard brown candy made from cocoa beans
discourage
US / dɪs'kʌrɪdʒ /
•UK / dɪˈskɚrɪdʒ, -ˈskʌr- /
- verb
- To make a person feel less courageous or hopeful
- To try to prevent something from happening
real
US / rɪəl /
•UK / ˈriəl, ril /
- adjecitve
- Actually existing or happening, not imagined
- Being important or special
back
US / bæk /
•UK / bæk /
- adjecitve
- Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
- adverb
- Have returned to a place you were before
- noun
- The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
- Location at the rear of something
- The reverse of side something
- Area on the rear of your body
- verb
- To bet money on something
- To go backwards in a car
- To support and encourage someone or some cause
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
contrast
US / 'kɒntrɑ:st /
•UK / ˈkɑ:ntræst /
- noun
- Comparison that shows obvious differences
- Difference in light and dark in photos, etc.
- verb
- To compare; to show clear, obvious differences
moderate
US / ˈmɒdərət /
•UK / ˈmɑdərɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being average in quantity or size
- verb
- To host a meeting or panel discussion
- To make something less violent, severe, or strong
- To come between people to help solve an argument
- To reduce the severity, violence, or strength of
beer
US / bɪə(r) /
•UK / bɪr /
- noun
- Alcoholic drink that is made from wheat or grains
bradley
US / ˈbrædli /
•UK / ˈbrædli /
- noun
- A medium-sized tank equipped for use in combat.
drink
US / drɪŋk /
•UK / drɪŋk /
- noun
- A liquid that you put in your mouth
- verb
- To put water in your body through your mouth
reduction
US / rɪ'dʌkʃn /
•UK / rɪˈdʌkʃən /
- noun
- Act of making something smaller
- Amount that a price is decreased by
two
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- number
- 2
any
US / 'enɪ /
•UK / ˈɛni /
- adjecitve
- One, or some, no matter which
- pronoun
- One (thing) of many; some
risky
US / ˈrɪski /
•UK / ˈrɪski /
- adjecitve
- With the chance it may be dangerous, unsuccessful
half
US / hɑ:f /
•UK / hæf, hɑf /
- adjecitve
- Not complete
- adverb
- Partly; somewhat
- noun
- One of two equal periods of game time in a sport
- The part you get when one is divided into two;
man
US / mæn /
•UK / mæn /
- noun
- Humans in general, including male and female
- An adult male human being
- Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
- verb
- To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
- To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)
surprised
US / səˈpraɪzd /
•UK / sərˈpraɪzd /
- adjecitve
- Feeling a shock when something unexpected happens
- verb
- To do something that another person didn't expect
may
US / meɪ /
•UK / me /
- noun
- 5th month of the year
- other
- Used to express a desire
- Expresses permission, possibility or probability
- Used to show that a thing could be true
also
US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /
•UK / ˈɔlso /
- adverb
- In addition; too; in a similar way
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
woman
US / ˈwʊmən /
•UK / ˈwʊmən /
- noun
- Adult female human being
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
you
US / jʊ /
•UK / ju /
- pronoun
- Person someone is speaking or writing to
- Person or people in general
university
US / ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sətɪ /
•UK / ˌjunɪˈvɜrsəti /
- noun
- High-level educational institution; college
blackburn
US / 'blækbɜ:n /
•UK / 'blækbɜ:rn /
- other
- Black-and-white North American wood warbler having an orange-and-black head and throat
one
US / wʌn /
•UK / wʌn /
- pronoun
- You; we; people in general; someone
- The thing or person previously referred to
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to people generally
- Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
- number
- Number 1
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
average
US / 'ævərɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Typical or normal; usual; ordinary
- noun
- Total of numbers divided by the number of items
- verb
- To add numbers then divide by the number of items
eyeglass
US / ˈaɪɡlɑːs /
•UK / ˈaɪɡlæs /
- other
- Lens for correcting defective vision in one eye; held in place by facial muscles
little
US / 'lɪtl /
•UK / ˈlɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Being short in length of time
- Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
- Being very young or younger than others
- adverb
- By an amount or degree that is not very much
- Not often; rarely
- noun
- A person's name
researcher
US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃə(r) /
•UK / rɪˈsətʃɚ /
- noun
- Someone who works to find new facts and ideas
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
many
US / 'menɪ /
•UK / ˈmɛni /
- determiner
- Used to refer a large number of things
guideline
US / ˈgaɪdlaɪn /
•UK / ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪn /
- noun
- General rule or instruction how to do a thing
will
US / wɪl /
•UK / wɪl /
- noun
- Desire or choice of someone
- Document saying who gets your money when you die
- Strong desire to do something; determination
- Desire to do something; strong wish to do
- other
- Used with verbs to express the future
- verb
- To leave property to someone after your death
- To use mental effort to make something happen
- Am (is, are) likely to do
- To influence someone to do something
- To make something happen by strongly wanting it
age
US / eɪdʒ /
•UK / edʒ /
- verb
- To keep food, wine for a long time to improve it
- To get older
- noun
- Period of time in history
- Number of years a person or thing has lived
exactly
US / ɪgˈzæktli /
•UK / ɪɡˈzæktli /
- adverb
- No more and no less than; precisely
new
US / nju: /
•UK / nu, nju /
- adjecitve
- Not old, recently born, built or made
- Being or doing something for the first time
- Not felt, seen or known previously
- Having been recently bought or obtained
small
US / smɔ:l /
•UK / smɔl /
- adjecitve
- Little in size; not big
- (Of letters) not written in capital letters
- Being insignificant or minor
- (Of a business) with few people or things; local
- (Of voice) being soft and quiet
- (Of a child) being young
associate
US / ə'səʊʃɪeɪt /
•UK / əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt /
- adjecitve
- Part of a job title indicating a junior position
- noun
- Partner in professional work, e.g. in law
- verb
- To spend time with other people; mix with
- To form a connection in your mind between things
day
US / deɪ /
•UK / de /
- noun
- A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
- The period of time when it is light outside
- Person's name
heavily
US / ˈhevɪli /
•UK / hɛvəli /
- adverb
- In a slow, loud manner
- A lot or to a great degree
- With great effort or force
third
US / θɜ:d /
•UK / θɜ:rd /
- adjecitve
- 3rd: Number after second
population
US / ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn /
•UK / ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən /
- noun
- Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
occasional
US / əˈkeɪʒənl /
•UK / əˈkeʒənəl /
- adjecitve
- Not happening often; irregular; rare
safe
US / seɪf /
•UK / sef /
- noun
- Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
- adjecitve
- Highly likely
- Being out of danger
probably
US / ˈprɒbəbli /
•UK / ˈprɑbəbli /
- adverb
- That is likely to happen or be true
equivalent
US / ɪˈkwɪvələnt /
•UK / ɪˈkwɪvələnt /
- adjecitve
- Equal to something in value, use or meaning
- noun
- Thing like another in quality, quantity or degree
impairment
US / ɪmˈpeəmənt /
•UK / ɪmˈpermənt /
- noun
- Damage leading to lower strength or quality
too
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- adverb
- In addition, also; with emphasis
- Say that something is more than you want
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
datum
US / ˈdeɪtəm /
•UK / ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm /
- noun
- Item of factual information
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
could
US / kəd /
•UK / kʊd /
- other
- Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
- Used to ask for something politely, or to offer
enjoy
US / ɪnˈdʒɔɪ /
•UK / ɛnˈdʒɔɪ /
- verb
- To take pleasure in something
know
US / nəʊ /
•UK / noʊ /
- verb
- To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- To feel sure or be convinced about something
- To discover or be aware of something
- To be able to distinguish
- To have knowledge of things
end
US / end /
•UK / ɛnd /
- noun
- The point where a process or activity stops
- A point that marks the limit of something; finish
- Goal or desired result
- The tip, edge or limit of something
- verb
- To be the last part of something
increase
US / ɪn'kri:s /
•UK / ɪnˈkris /
- noun
- Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
- verb
- To make or become larger in size or amount
occasion
US / ə'keɪʒn /
•UK / əˈkeʒən /
- noun
- Significant or important event or function
- Time when something happens or takes place
- verb
- To make or cause something to happen; to lead to
news
US / nju:z /
•UK / nu:z /
- noun
- Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
- Information about recent events
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
wind
US / wɪnd /
•UK / wɪnd /
- adjecitve
- (Musical instruments) that you blow into to play
- noun
- A current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt
- Something that has influence
- verb
- If a road, path, or river winds, it follows a route that turns repeatedly in different directions
- To turn or cause something to turn
- To twist around something
limit
US / 'lɪmɪt /
•UK / ˈlɪmɪt /
- noun
- Point beyond which it is not possible to go
- verb
- To stop or prevent an increase past a point
combination
US / ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn /
•UK / ˌkɑmbəˈneʃən /
- noun
- Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
- Act or result of mixing things together
few
US / fju: /
•UK / fju /
- pronoun
- Not many, a small number
much
US / mʌtʃ /
•UK / mʌtʃ /
- adjecitve
- Very; to a high level or degree
- adverb
- A lot; large amount; a high degree of
- Nearly; basically
- On many occasions; often
- noun
- A large amount; a great quantity
amount
US / ə'maʊnt /
•UK / əˈmaʊnt /
- noun
- Quantity of something
- verb
- To add up to a certain figure
benefit
US / 'benɪfɪt /
•UK / ˈbɛnəfɪt /
- noun
- Good result or effect, something advantageous
- verb
- To have a good effect or be helpful
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
report
US / rɪ'pɔ:t /
•UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /
- noun
- Account of the necessary facts and information
- The telling of news in the media
- Official statement about something
- verb
- To submit a report or bill to the government
- To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
- To state something officially
- To officially present yourself to an authority
- To describe something by telling it to others
cognitive
US / ˈkɒgnətɪv /
•UK / ˈkɑɡnɪtɪv /
- adjecitve
- The process of knowing and remembering
light
US / laɪt /
•UK / laɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being bright making it easy to see; not dark
- Being pale and lacking darkness of color
- Not heavy; weighing only a little
- adverb
- Carrying few bags when traveling
- noun
- A source of energy that makes a room or area bright
- Way in which something or someone is understood
- verb
- To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
- To provide a way to see ahead
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
per
US / pə(r) /
•UK / pɚ /
- preposition
- In the manner directed or suggested
- For each; during each
overall
US / ˌəʊvər'ɔ:l /
•UK / ˈovɚˌrɔl /
- adjecitve
- Viewed as a whole; in general, not as details
damage
US / ˈdæmɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈdæmɪdʒ /
- noun
- Physical harm that is done to something
- verb
- To harm physically; to hurt or break something
volume
US / ˈvɒlju:m /
•UK / ˈvɑljum, -jəm /
- noun
- Number or amount of something e.g. sales
- Amount of space that something takes up
- One book that is part of a set of books
- Level of sound produced by radio or television
dinner
US / ˈdɪnə(r) /
•UK / ˈdɪnɚ /
- noun
- Main meal of the day, often eaten in the evening
henry
US / ˈhenri /
•UK / ˈhenri /
- noun
- A unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the curren
look
US / lʊk /
•UK / lʊk /
- noun
- Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
- Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
- The way someone, something appears to be
- Act of searching for or examining something
- verb
- To appear to be; seem
pennsylvania
US / pensɪl'veɪnjə /
•UK / ˌpensəl'veɪnjə /
- other
- A Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original colonies
red
US / red /
•UK / rɛd /
- adjecitve
- Being the color of blood
alcohol
US / 'ælkəhɒl /
•UK / ˈælkəˌhɔl,-ˌhɑl /
- noun
- A colorless liquid that can catch fire (C2H5OH)
- Drinks such as wine, whiskey, beer
change
US / tʃeɪndʒ /
•UK / tʃendʒ /
- noun
- Exchange of one set of clothes for another
- Money in the form of coins instead of paper
- Money returned after giving too much
- Act of making or becoming something else
- verb
- To exchange one set of clothes for another
- To exchange one kind of money for another
- To replace something with another thing
- To make or become something else
- To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another
show
US / ʃəʊ /
•UK / ʃo /
- noun
- False display of love, emotion or action
- An event for displaying or promoting goods
- Play, opera or theater production
- Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
- verb
- To be easily seen or displayed
- To display your emotions or feelings
- To let someone see something; display
- To explain or teach how something is done
- To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
- To prove something to be true, correct
- To reveal or allow something to be seen
who
US / hu: /
•UK / hu /
- pronoun
- Which person
- Used to introduce information about people