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India's Chandrayaan-3 Goes Offline; Starship Waiting To Fly? | This Week in Spaceflight

Original YouTube Video | NASASpaceflight Published on 2023-09-08 Level：100 Speed：65 maxwordlevel：29

Video vocabulary

agency

US / 'eɪdʒənsɪ /

•

UK / ˈedʒənsi /

noun
Business that provides some service for others

await

US / əˈweɪt /

•

UK / əˈwet /

verb
To keep ready for future needs
To be ready to happen, or about to happen

double

US / 'dʌbl /

•

UK / ˈdʌbəl /

adjecitve
Concerning or intended for use by two people
Two times the amount or degree; twice
Made of two parts that are the same, similar
noun
Person that is exactly like someone else
verb
To be used for two functions at the same time
To make or become twice as much

navigational

US / ˌnævɪ'ɡeɪʃənl /

•

UK / ˌnævɪ'ɡeɪʃənl /

adjecitve
Concerning navigation

nominal

US / ˈnɒmɪnl /

•

UK / ˈnɑmənəl /

adjecitve
Not having full power; in name only

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

anything

US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
A thing of any kind

hot

US / hɒt /

•

UK / hɑ:t /

adjecitve
Angry or excited
Being very good at something
Having a high temperature
Popular and causing a great deal of excitement
Attractive in a sexually exciting way
(Of food) very spicy
Stolen; dangerous to buy or trade in

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

seventeen

US / ˌsevnˈti:n /

•

UK / sev(ə)nˈtin /

number
17

temperature

US / ˈtemprətʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə- /

noun
When you your body heat is above normal
How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather

atlas

US / ˈætləs /

•

UK / ˈætləs /

noun
Book of maps

couple

US / 'kʌpl /

•

UK / ˈkʌpəl /

noun
Two people in a romantic relationship
Two of something; two people; a pair
verb
To join something to something else
(Two animals) to engage in sexual relations
To put two people or things together

forty

US / 'fɔ:tɪ /

•

UK / ˈfɔrti /

number
40

ignite

US / ɪɡ'naɪt /

•

UK / ɪɡˈnaɪt /

verb
To catch fire
To cause something to start burning
To give energy to something or someone

investigate

US / ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɛstɪˌɡet /

verb
To try to find out facts; to carry out research

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

approval

US / əˈpru:vl /

•

UK / əˈpruvəl /

noun
Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
Positive opinion of something or someone

prototype

US / ˈprəʊ.tə.taɪp /

•

UK / ˈproʊ.t̬ə.taɪp /

noun
A first or preliminary version of a device or vehicle from which other forms are developed

reliability

US / rɪˌlaɪə'bɪlətɪ /

•

UK / rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪlətɪ /

noun
A quality that makes something dependable

something

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

adverb
In some degree or measure
noun
a person or thing of some value or consequence
pronoun
Thing that is not yet known or named
Approximately

booster

US / 'bu:stə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbustɚ /

noun
Person who backs a politician or a team etc.

early

US / ˈɜ:li /

•

UK / ˈɜ:rli /

adjecitve
Happening or appearing before
adverb
Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
Happening sooner than expected

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

regulatory

US / ˈregjələtəri /

•

UK / ˈreɡjələtɔːri /

adjecitve
Having the ability or authority to make rules

stack

US / stæk /

•

UK / stæk /

noun
A large number or amount of something
Large tube through which smoke exits a building
verb
To arrange cards in a certain order, to cheat
To put one thing on top of another, e.g. boxes

august

US / ɔːˈɡʌst /

•

UK / ɔːˈɡʌst /

adjecitve
(of person) Well known and respected
noun
8th month of the year

detect

US / dɪˈtekt /

•

UK / dɪˈtɛkt /

verb
To discover or identify the presence of something

elon

US / /

•

UK / /

anxiously

US / 'æŋkʃəslɪ /

•

UK / ˈæŋkʃəslɪ /

adjecitve
Wanting something badly
adverb
With anxiety or a feeling of worry

nine

US / naɪn /

•

UK / naɪn /

number
9

nonetheless

US / ˌnʌnðəˈles /

•

UK / ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs /

adverb
In spite of that; nevertheless

iss

US / ˈɪzɪz /

•

UK / ˈɪzɪz /

payload

US / ˈpeɪləʊd /

•

UK / ˈpeˌlod /

noun
Part of guided missile containing the explosive

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

release

US / rɪ'li:s /

•

UK / rɪ'li:s /

noun
Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
verb
To free someone from a responsibility or burden
To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
To let go of something you are holding

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

ten

US / ten /

•

UK / tɛn /

number
10

aim

US / eɪm /

•

UK / em /

noun
Act of pointing something at a target
Purpose or goal
verb
To point something at a target
To intend to get a thing or for a thing to happen

cadence

US / ˈkeɪdns /

•

UK / ˈkedns /

noun
(Of music, etc.) pleasing rhythmic flow

canaveral

US / kəˈnævərəl /

•

UK / /

proper noun
A cape on the east coast of Florida, known as Cape Kennedy from 1963 until 1973. It is the site of t

capsule

US / 'kæpsju:l /

•

UK / ˈkæpsul /

adjecitve
Modifier a small version, with only key items
noun
Tube-shaped plastic casing filled with medicine
Part of a space craft where people live and work

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

company

US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

•

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

noun
Good feeling from being with someone else
A business that sells things or provides services
Guests, especially in your home
Being with another person rather than alone

distance

US / 'dɪstəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪstəns /

noun
Lack of friendliness toward another person
Amount of space between two places or things
verb
To make it clear that you are not involved

fifteen

US / ˌfɪfˈti:n /

•

UK / fɪfˈtin /

number
15

drone

US / drəʊn /

•

UK / dron /

noun
A remote controlled flying device
A continually dull or monotonous voice
Male bee
verb
To talk in a continually dull or monotonous voice

chandra

US / ˈtʃændrə /

•

UK / /

channel

US / 'tʃænl /

•

UK / ˈtʃænəl /

noun
Long hole dug in the ground, e.g. to move water
TV or radio station or its programs
Method or way of sending or receiving information
Narrow passage through which water travels
Method or route used for sending or getting things
verb
To dig a long hole for carrying water
To send (e.g. money) to a certain place or person
To direct water or liquid through a passage
To direct energy or feelings into something

layer

US / ˈleiə /

•

UK / ˈleɚ /

noun
One of several sheets of a material or object
verb
To put things one on top of another

match

US / mætʃ /

•

UK / mætʃ /

noun
Something that is equal to or the same as another
Small stick you strike to light a fire candle etc.
A sports competition between two people or teams
Person or thing that goes well with another
verb
To equal or be as good as something else
To work well or look good with something else

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

underneath

US / ˌʌndə'ni:θ /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈniθ /

adverb
Hidden beneath the surface of something
On the lower side or bottom of something
preposition
Lower than, as in status; beneath
Located under or below something

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

complex

US / 'kɒmpleks /

•

UK / kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks /

adjecitve
Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
noun
Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
Psychological issue regarding self-image

another

US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

•

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

adjecitve
One more, but not this
determiner
One more added
pronoun
One more (thing)

hey

US / heɪ /

•

UK / he /

exclamation
What you say when you want someone's attention

issue

US / 'ɪʃu: /

•

UK / ˈɪʃu /

noun
Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
Single edition of a magazine
verb
To make something available to be used or sold
To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

prepare

US / prɪˈpeə(r) /

•

UK / prɪˈper /

verb
To make something ready for use

real

US / rɪəl /

•

UK / ˈriəl, ril /

adjecitve
Actually existing or happening, not imagined
Being important or special

synchronous

US / ˈsɪŋkrənəs /

•

UK / ˈsɪŋkrənəs, ˈsɪn- /

adjecitve
Occurring or existing at the same time or period

zone

US / zəʊn /

•

UK / zoʊn /

noun
Area of space designated for a particular use
verb
To divide an area for a particular reason

degrade

US / dɪ'ɡreɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈɡred /

verb
To reduce in amount or strength
To treat something poorly or without respect

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

ninth

US / naɪnθ /

•

UK / naɪnθ /

noun
9th

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

regolith

US / ˈreɡəlɪθ /

•

UK / ˈreɡəˌlɪθ /

noun

starship

US / ˈstɑ:ʃɪp /

•

UK / ˈstɑ:rʃɪp /

noun
Spacecraft designed to carry a crew into space

stephen

US / 'sti:vən /

•

UK / 'sti:vən /

proper noun
(c.1097–1154), grandson of William the Conqueror; king of England 1135–54. He seized the throne from

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

titanium

US / tɪˈteɪniəm /

•

UK / taɪˈteniəm, tɪ- /

noun
Light, extremely strong, whitish silver metal

trajectory

US / trə'dʒektərɪ /

•

UK / trəˈdʒɛktəri /

noun
The path followed by a flying object

commercial

US / kəˈmə:ʃəl /

•

UK / kəˈmɚʃəl /

adjecitve
noun
Radio or television advertisement

instruction

US / ɪn'strʌkʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˈstrʌkʃən /

noun
A command for someone formally to do something
Act of teaching or explaining to others
Information about how to do or use something

laser

US / ˈleɪzə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlezɚ /

noun
Strong narrow beam of high-powered light
Powerful beam of light used for cutting precisely

stand

US / stænd /

•

UK / stænd /

noun
Effort to fight against something
Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
Place in a stadium where spectators watch
Table where things are sold at a fair or market
verb
To be a candidate in an election
To be able to accept someone, something; bear
To last for a long time
To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
To place something in a particular position; place
To be (as stated)
To still be valid
To have an opinion about something

state

US / steɪt /

•

UK / stet /

adjecitve
Concerning region within a country
noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in
verb
To say; declare as fact

lander

US / 'lændə /

•

UK / 'lændə /

other
A space vehicle that is designed to land on the moon or another planet

goal

US / ɡəʊl /

•

UK / ɡol /

noun
Something you try to do or achieve; an aim
(Sports) net into which you put a ball to score
(Sports) act of scoring by putting a ball in a net

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

originally

US / əˈrɪdʒənəli /

•

UK / əˈrɪdʒənəli /

adverb
At first; in the beginning
In a new and unique manner

adjust

US / əˈdʒʌst /

•

UK / əˈdʒʌst /

verb
To change; to attain a desired state or function
To change so as to fit in with new conditions

cape

US / keɪp /

•

UK / kep /

noun
Clothing without sleeves worn over the shoulders
Large area of land that sticks out into a sea

endeavour

US / ɪn'devə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈdɛvɚ /

noun
Attempt or effort to do something
verb
To attempt or make effort to do something

lockheed

US / ləʊˈkeɪtə(r) /

•

UK / loʊˈkeɪtər /

rehearsal

US / rɪˈhɜ:sl /

•

UK / rɪˈhɜ:rsl /

noun
Practicing e.g. play, speech before a performance

simulate

US / 'sɪmjʊleɪt /

•

UK / ˈsɪmjəˌlet /

verb
To copy something or look or behave like it

surface

US / 'sɜ:fɪs /

•

UK / ˈsɚfəs /

adjecitve
Of the top layer; not deep or meaningful
noun
Top layer of the ground or of water
Nature or emotions that show, but may not be true
Outside or upper layer of something
verb
To give (road) a top layer
To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
To come to the top of something; emerge
To come to the top level of water, mud, etc.

transport

US / ˈtrænspɔ:t /

•

UK / ˈtrænspɔ:rt /

noun
Very strong uncontrollable emotion, e.g. delight
Vehicle used to take soldiers to other places
verb
To carry things from one place to another
To cause to feel you are in a previous time

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

boeing

US / ˈbɒdiwɜ:k /

•

UK / ˈbɑ:diwɜ:rk /

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

liftoff

US / 'lɪftˌɒf /

•

UK / 'lɪftˌɒf /

noun
Initial ascent of a rocket from its launching pad

love

US / lʌv /

•

UK / lʌv /

noun
Person's name
A very strong feeling of affection
The person you care very deeply about
Strong, deep emotional and sexual attraction
verb
To care for and like someone very strongly, deeply
To like doing very much; enjoy greatly
To feel a strong emotional and romantic attraction

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

power

US / 'paʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

noun
Legal or official right to perform certain actions
Ability to move forcefully and quickly
Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
Mathematical way to multiply a number
Condition of being in political control
Physical force, energy, and strength
verb
To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
To move something forcefully and quickly

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

open

US / 'əʊpən /

•

UK / ˈopən /

adjecitve
Available for use; accessible
Not being hidden; available for others to see
Being available for customers to enter or use
Allowing everyone to use or take part in
Not secret anymore
Not closed or shut
Willing to accept new ideas and thoughts
noun
Name for a tennis or golf competition
verb
To make accessible or able to be used, e.g. road
To start the activities or services of a business
To make a space or hole appear in something
To move or change so that it is no longer closed
To start something, e.g. a new business

woody

US / ˈwʊdi /

•

UK / ˈwʊdi /

adjecitve
Made of or containing or resembling wood

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

image

US / 'ɪmɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈɪmɪdʒ /

noun
Picture, sculpture or painting of something
General idea or opinion of something
verb
To obtain pictures by scanning them with a machine

bridge

US / brɪdʒ /

•

UK / brɪdʒ /

noun
Structure built over river, road so you can cross
verb
To make a link between; bring together

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

musk

US / mʌsk /

•

UK / mʌsk /

noun
Strong sweet-smelling substance used in perfume

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

shine

US / ʃaɪn /

•

UK / ʃaɪn /

noun
Act of using a polish to clean shoes
verb
To point a light in a certain direction
To make something clean by using a polish
To make or produce a bright light

verify

US / 'verɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ /

verb
To prove that something is right, accurate or true

aka

US / ˌeɪkeɪ'eɪ /

•

UK / ˌeɪkeɪ'eɪ /

abbreviation
AKA is an acronym for Also Known as

iii

US / θriː /

•

UK / θriː /

cardinal number

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

lib

US / lɪb /

•

UK / lɪb /

noun
Liberal member of parliament

natural

US / ˈnætʃərəl /

•

UK / ˈnætʃərəl, ˈnætʃrəl /

adjecitve
Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
Not made by humans; without human intervention

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

satellite

US / 'sætəlaɪt /

•

UK / ˈsætlˌaɪt /

noun
Device sent into space that aids communication
Natural object in space that moves around another
Area controlled by another group or country

rocket

US / 'rɒkɪt /

•

UK / ˈrɑkɪt /

noun
Powerful engine that releases hot gases
Dark green, hot-tasting salad leaf
Weapon shaped like a long tube carrying bombs
Vehicle transporting people or things into space
verb
To travel, increase, or rise very quickly

wet

US / wet /

•

UK / wɛt /

adjecitve
Concerning a bar that serves or sells alcohol
Having or experiencing a great deal of rain
Containing water or liquid; not dry
verb
To accidentally pee in clothes or a bed

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

countdown

US / ˈkaʊntdaʊn /

•

UK / ˈkaʊntˌdaʊn /

noun
Counting backward to zero to show the time left

fourteen

US / ˌfɔ:ˈti:n /

•

UK / fɔrˈtin /

number
14

may

US / meɪ /

•

UK / me /

noun
5th month of the year
other
Used to express a desire
Expresses permission, possibility or probability
Used to show that a thing could be true

ready

US / 'redɪ /

•

UK / ˈrɛdi /

adjecitve
Being likely or about to do something
Being willing to do a task
verb
To prepare something for use or action

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

attempt

US / ə'tempt /

•

UK / əˈtɛmpt /

noun
Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
verb
To try to do something challenging or difficult

dock

US / dɒk /

•

UK / dɑ:k /

noun
Area in a harbor where boats arrive and are kept
verb
To take away a part of an animal's tail
To take away a part of someone's salary
To park a boat or ship in a harbor or marina

five

US / faɪv /

•

UK / faɪv /

number
5

hopper

US / 'hɒpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈhɑpɚ /

noun
Mix of things to be considered or done

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

chromium

US / ˈkrəʊmiəm /

•

UK / ˈkroʊmiəm /

noun
Silvery metal element

live

US / lɪv /

•

UK / liv /

adjecitve
Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
Glowing because burning; hot
Not yet killed (for food)
adverb
(Music, drama) as it is performed
verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

sixth

US / sɪksθ /

•

UK / sɪksθ /

noun
6th

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

always

US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /

•

UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /

adverb
For a very long time
At all times; in every situation
For ever

episode

US / 'epɪsəʊd /

•

UK / ˈɛpɪˌsod /

noun
One separate event in a series of events
Show which is part of a larger story

itself

US / ɪtˈself /

•

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

pronoun
Referring to it

appear

US / ə'pɪə(r) /

•

UK / əˈpɪr /

verb
To be seen, become visible; come into sight
To seem to be
To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

warn

US / wɔ:n /

•

UK / wɔrn /

verb
To tell someone about possible danger

team

US / ti:m /

•

UK / tim /

noun
Group of people working on a task together
Group of people playing a sport together

thousand

US / ˈθaʊznd /

•

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

number
Number 1,000

sort

US / sɔ:t /

•

UK / sɔrt /

noun
Group or class of similar things or people
verb
To organize things by putting them into groups
To deal with things in an organized way

science

US / 'saɪəns /

•

UK / ˈsaɪəns /

noun
Study of the physical world, based on facts

sometime

US / ˈsʌmtaɪm /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌtaɪm /

adjecitve
At an unknown time in the future

series

US / ˈsɪəri:z /

•

UK / ˈsɪriz /

noun
Set of stories or articles on a particular subject
other
Number of things that happen one after another

temporary

US / ˈtemprəri /

•

UK / 'tempəreri /

adjecitve
Continuing for a limited time; not permanent

rover

US / ˈrəʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈroʊvə(r) /

noun
Someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

ensure

US / ɪn'ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈʃʊr /

verb
To make something sure, certain, or safe

entry

US / ˈentri /

•

UK / ˈɛntri /

noun
Act of entering a room, building, party
Act of starting a career
Person or thing included in a competition or race
Piece of information entered into a computer
Place where one enters a building, stadium etc.
Piece of information in a database, dictionary etc.

stick

US / stɪk /

•

UK / stɪk /

noun
Long thin piece of wood from a tree
verb
To push a sharp or pointed object into something
To join together using glue or paste
To remain in one place or position for a long time

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

terrain

US / təˈreɪn /

•

UK / təˈren /

noun
Characteristics (e.g. rough) of a piece of land

consider

US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

•

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

verb
To think carefully about something

contract

US / 'kɒntrækt /

•

UK / 'kɑ:ntrækt /

noun
Legal agreement, e.g. for doing work for money
Agreement to pay someone to kill a person
verb
To become ill as a result of getting a disease
To make an agreement for doing work for money
To reduce in size, length due to heat loss
To reduce the amount of

delay

US / dɪˈleɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈle /

noun
Action of being late or happening later
verb
To wait some amount of time before doing something
To do something later than is planned or expected
To stop something from happening for a time

recap

US / 'ri:kæp /

•

UK / riˈkæp /

noun
Brief description of something that had been said
verb
To describe or summarize the main points

burn

US / bɜ:n /

•

UK / bɚn /

noun
Damage from fire or heat
verb
To destroy with fire
To feel pain and heat
To use as fuel for a fire to make light or heat
To overcook food with too much heat it goes black

four

US / fɔ:(r) /

•

UK / fɔr, for /

number
4

imagine

US / ɪ'mædʒɪn /

•

UK / ɪˈmædʒɪn /

verb
To think creatively about; form mental picture of

heat

US / hi:t /

•

UK / hit /

noun
State of anger, excitement, or arguing
Particular temperature at which to cook something
High temperature
One of series of races to find the finalists
Hot temperature, conditions, or weather
verb
To make hot or hotter

global

US / ˈgləʊbl /

•

UK / ˈgloʊbl /

adjecitve
Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
Of, affecting, or involving the entire world

nsf

US / /

•

UK / /

abbreviation
National Science Foundation.

million

US / ˈmɪljən /

•

UK / ˈmɪljən /

number
1,000,000

once

US / wʌns /

•

UK / wʌns /

adverb
One time; one instance
At a time in the past
conjunction
When; as soon as

restriction

US / rɪˈstrɪkʃn /

•

UK / rɪˈstrɪkʃən /

noun
Law or rule that controls or limits something

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

wait

US / weɪt /

•

UK / wet /

verb
To delay or not do something until later
To spend time until an expected thing happens
To remain in a place until a thing happens

constellation

US / ˌkɒnstə'leɪʃən /

•

UK / ˌkɑnstəˈleʃən /

noun
Group of things or people that are similar
Groups of stars which form patterns
other
Groups of stars which form patterns

capture

US / 'kæptʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkæptʃɚ /

verb
To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
To record, tape, or film something
To catch and prevent from being free
To take control of a place or object by force

backup

US / ˈbækʌp /

•

UK / ˈbækˌʌp /

noun
Making additional copies of your computer data

healthy

US / ˈhelθi /

•

UK / ˈhɛlθi /

adjecitve
In good condition physically, or financially; well

marine

US / mə'ri:n /

•

UK / məˈrin /

adjecitve
Of the ocean or ocean plants and animals
Concerning sailing or doing business by sea
noun
Soldier trained to serve on land and sea

normal

US / 'nɔ:ml /

•

UK / ˈnɔrməl /

adjecitve
Standard or regular way of doing something
Having standard mental or physical ability, health

usual

US / ˈju:ʒuəl /

•

UK / ˈjuʒuəl /

adjecitve
Being the way things occur most of the time

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

lose

US / lu:z /

•

UK / luz /

verb
To be unable to keep in check or control something
To decrease in value or quantity (e.g. weight)
To stop having certain qualities or abilities
To stop having or being entitled to
To fail to win something that is being contested
To be unable to find something you once had
To be dependent on someone (used with 'not')

production

US / prəˈdʌkʃn /

•

UK / prəˈdʌkʃən, pro- /

noun
Process of producing or growing food naturally
Process of making something on a large scale
Process of making a movie or TV show

quick

US / kwɪk /

•

UK / kwɪk /

adjecitve
Using very little time; moving far in little time
Learning and understanding rapidly and easily

readiness

US / ˈredinəs /

•

UK / ˈrɛdɪnɪs /

noun
State of having been made ready or prepared

small

US / smɔ:l /

•

UK / smɔl /

adjecitve
Little in size; not big
(Of letters) not written in capital letters
Being insignificant or minor
(Of a business) with few people or things; local
(Of voice) being soft and quiet
(Of a child) being young

tenth

US / tenθ /

•

UK / tɛnθ /

noun
10th

veteran

US / 'vetərən /

•

UK / ˈvɛtərən /

adjecitve
Experienced through long service or practice
noun
Person experienced through long service

centimetre

US / ˈsentɪmi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsɛntəˌmitɚ /

noun
One hundredth of a meter

develop

US / dɪ'veləp /

•

UK / dɪˈvɛləp /

verb
To explain something in steps and in detail
To create or think of something
To grow bigger, more complex, or more advanced
To make a photograph from film

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

point

US / pɔɪnt /

•

UK / pɔɪnt /

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

spectroscopy

US / spekˈtrɒskəpi /

•

UK / spekˈtrɑ:skəpi /

noun
Science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis

mission

US / 'mɪʃn /

•

UK / ˈmɪʃən /

noun
A task or role someone is given to do
Special assignment given to a person or group
Group tasked with a specific duty
A task given to someone to gain or achieve
Religious group wishing to convert others
Housing for a religious group working overseas
Religious or charitable task in a foreign country

strike

US / straɪk /

•

UK / straɪk /

noun
A punch or hit
Fact of not hitting the ball when playing baseball
Refusal to work to get more pay, protest something
verb
To hit something
To suddenly become (e.g. rich)
To have an idea occur to you

successfully

US / sək'sesfəlɪ /

•

UK / səkˈsɛsfəlɪ /

adverb
In a manner that achieves a goal

sure

US / ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ʃʊr /

adjecitve
Having no doubts about something
Have confidence in your own words or actions
Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
Being correct or true
adverb
What you say to agree willingly

third

US / θɜ:d /

•

UK / θɜ:rd /

adjecitve
3rd: Number after second

claim

US / kleɪm /

•

UK / klem /

noun
Demand for something that is believed to be due
Something said to be true when others don't agree
verb
To demand something that is believed to be due
To cause someone's life to come to an end
To say something is true when others may not agree

catch

US / kætʃ /

•

UK / kætʃ, kɛtʃ /

noun
Amount of something that has been caught
Trick or something trying to deceive
verb
To stop something flying and hold it
To stop something and not let it go, e.g. animals
To get sick or get a disease from someone else
To find someone to do something, a task
To get stuck on or in something
To be trapped so you can’t escape
To be able to understand what someone is saying

falcon

US / ˈfɔ:lkən /

•

UK / ˈfælkən /

noun
Fast-flying hunting bird

spacex

US / /

•

UK / /

slim

US / slɪm /

•

UK / slɪm /

adjecitve
Being thin in an appealing way
Being narrow in width
Being small in quantity or number
verb
To eat less in order to become thinner

york

US / jɔ:k /

•

UK / jɔrk /

proper noun
A city in northern England, on the Ouse River; population 136,900 (est. 2009).
A commercial and industrial city in southeastern Pennsylvania; population 40,097 (est. 2008).
The southwestern tip of Hayes Peninsula, on Baffin Bay in Greenland. It served as a base for US expl

aditya

US / /

•

UK / /

other
One of to sons of Aditi; Hindu gods of celestial light

again

US / ə'ɡen /

•

UK / əˈɡɛn /

adverb
One more time, once more

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

current

US / 'kʌrənt /

•

UK / ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr- /

adjecitve
Happening or being in the present time
noun
Electricity flowing through wires
Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

eventually

US / ɪˈventʃuəli /

•

UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /

adverb
After a long time; after many attempts; in the end

fly

US / flaɪ /

•

UK / flai /

noun
Common flying insect, sometimes blue in color
Opening with fold of cloth hiding zipper on pants
verb
To move in the wind, e.g. a flag
To move at a high speed
To travel in a plane, helicopter, balloon etc.
To pilot people or items by plane
To travel through the air using wings

different

US / ˈdɪfrənt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

adjecitve
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

iron

US / ˈaɪən /

•

UK / ˈaɪərn /

adjecitve
Being very tough, strong, and determined
noun
Heavy metal device heated to smooth clothes
Golf club with a metal head
Strong hard metal used to make steel
verb
To use a hot flat-based machine to smooth clothes

instrument

US / 'ɪnstrəmənt /

•

UK / ˈɪnstrəmənt /

noun
Gauge for measuring something, e.g. temperature
Legal document
Device that is used for creating music

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

shut

US / ʃʌt /

•

UK / ʃʌt /

verb
To stop being open for business
To close something, e.g. a door

static

US / ˈstætɪk /

•

UK / ˈstætɪk /

adjecitve
Concerning electricity that collects on a surface
Being unchangeable or unmovable
noun
Unwanted noise that disturbs a radio or TV signal

site

US / saɪt /

•

UK / saɪt /

noun
Place that is reserved for a particular activity
Location of building work
Location of something
Place where something of special interest happened
Website
verb
To place something in a particular position, area

storey

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

second

US / 'sekənd /

•

UK / ˈsɛkənd /

adjecitve
2nd; the one following first
noun
Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
Short period of time that you wait for someone
(Do) soon

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

adalia

US / /

•

UK / /

other
Genus of ladybugs

aerospace

US / 'eərəʊspeɪs /

•

UK / ˈɛroˌspes /

noun
Industry of air and space travel

energy

US / 'enədʒɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛnədʒi /

noun
Physical or mental strength

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

depth

US / depθ /

•

UK / dɛpθ /

noun
Distance below a surface

florida

US / 'flɒrɪdə /

•

UK / 'flɔ:rədə /

noun
A state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confed

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

japan

US / dʒəˈpæn /

•

UK / dʒəˈpæn /

noun
A string of more than islands to the east of Asia
Lacquer with a durable glossy black finish, originally from the orient
Lacquerware decorated and varnished in the Japanese manner with a glossy durable black lacquer
verb
Coat with a lacquer, as done in Japan

oxygen

US / 'ɒksɪdʒən /

•

UK / ˈɑksɪdʒən /

noun
A gas in the air that we need to breathe

total

US / ˈtəʊtl /

•

UK / ˈtoʊtl /

adjecitve
Complete
noun
Whole number or amount of something
verb
To damage a car beyond repair

dynamic

US / daɪˈnæmɪk /

•

UK / daiˈnæmik /

adjecitve
Always active or energetic; getting things done

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

touch

US / tʌtʃ /

•

UK / tʌtʃ /

noun
Certain way of doing that makes something special
A small amount of something
Feeling of a surface
verb
To affect feelings, especially by causing sympathy
To be next to each other with no space between
To get involved with (used in negative)
To feel an object with your fingers, etc.

thirty

US / 'θɜ:tɪ /

•

UK / ˈθə:ti /

number
30

astronaut

US / ˈæstrənɔ:t /

•

UK / ˈæstrəˌnɔt /

noun
Person who travels in space

each

US / i:tʃ /

•

UK / itʃ /

determiner
Every one of two or more things
pronoun
Per one person or thing

example

US / ɪgˈzɑ:mpl /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzæmpəl /

noun
Thing, person which represents a category

happen

US / 'hæpən /

•

UK / ˈhæpən /

verb
To take place or occur

ground

US / graʊnd /

•

UK / ɡraʊnd /

noun
Connection of electrical equipment to earth
Place where people play particular sports
Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
verb
To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
To make sharp or smooth through friction
To press together with force making a sound
To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
To hit the bottom
(Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
To prevent a plane from taking off
To place the ball over the goal line in rugby

track

US / træk /

•

UK / træk /

noun
A circular course for running
Course or way someone takes, e.g. in education
Path in a field or a forest made by walkers
Often circular course laid out for car racing
One of multiple musical recordings on an album
Band surrounding the wheels of a tank
Metal lines that trains ride on
verb
To use marks to follow a wild animal
To move a certain way/follow a particular course
To record and examine the progress of something

element

US / 'elɪmənt /

•

UK / ˈɛləmənt /

noun
Essential or particular part of something

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

access

US / 'ækses /

•

UK / ˈæksɛs /

noun
Way to enter a place, e.g. a station or stadium
verb
To be able to use or have permission to use

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

fire

US / 'faɪə(r) /

•

UK / faɪr /

noun
Heat and the flame produced when burning
Intense energy for or about something
verb
To apply heat to something to make it hard
To make a person leave their job; dismiss
To shoot a gun or weapon
To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
To start working on something e.g. a project

friday

US / ˈfraɪdeɪ /

•

UK / ˈfraɪdeɪ /

noun
Fifth day of the week; the day after Thursday

during

US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

preposition
At some point in the course of an event or thing

force

US / fɔ:s /

•

UK / fɔrs, fors /

noun
Group of persons trained for military action; army
Pressure; attraction
The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
verb
To use physical strength or violence to persuade

galactic

US / ɡə'læktɪk /

•

UK / ɡəˈlæktɪk /

adjecitve
Concerning a galaxy

include

US / ɪnˈklu:d /

•

UK / ɪnˈklud /

verb
To make someone, something part of a group

probe

US / prəʊb /

•

UK / prob /

noun
A thorough or deep examination of a problem
Device used to send information from outer space
Long medical instrument to look inside your body
verb
To carefully examine an issue by asking questions
To examine the inside of something using a tool

step

US / step /

•

UK / stɛp /

noun
Movement done as part of a particular dance
Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
One part or stage in a process
Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
verb
To raise and moving the foot to put it down

saturn

US / ˈsætɜ:n /

•

UK / ˈsætɜ:rn /

other
A giant planet that is surrounded by three planar concentric rings of ice particles; the th planet f

sea

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Very large group of people, similar-looking things
Large body of salty water with land around it

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

elliptical

US / ɪˈlɪptɪkl /

•

UK / ɪˈlɪptɪkl /

adjecitve
Indirect
Making or drawn in an oval shape or movement

indication

US / ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɪndɪˈkeʃən /

noun
Something showing something exists or will happen

hydrogen

US / ˈhaɪdrədʒən /

•

UK / ˈhaɪdrədʒən /

noun
Lightest of all chemical elements

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

primary

US / 'praɪmərɪ /

•

UK / ˈpraɪˌmɛri, -məri /

adjecitve
Most important, most basic or essential
Happening first; earliest
of or for the teaching of young children

style

US / staɪl /

•

UK / staɪl /

noun
The (tasteful) way something is designed or done
verb
To shape or design something in a certain way

accord

US / ə'kɔ:d /

•

UK / əˈkɔ:rd /

noun
Agreement or harmony
An agreement or treaty between countries
verb
To be in harmony or agreement; consent
To give (someone) the respect due to them

active

US / ˈæktɪv /

•

UK / ˈæktɪv /

adjecitve
Moving around a lot or doing many things

newton

US / ˈnju:tən /

•

UK / ˈnu:tən /

noun
A unit of force equal to the force that imparts an acceleration of m, sec, sec to a mass of kilogram

low

US / ləʊ /

•

UK / lo /

adjecitve
Having a small quantity, supply, or amount
Being unhappy or unpleasant in attitude
Not high; being near the ground, or bottom
(Of a voice, sound) being soft; quiet
noun
Situation of not having a lot of something

pad

US / pæd /

•

UK / pæd /

noun
Object that is thin, flat, and usually soft
Soft section on the bottom of some animals' feet
Set of sheets of paper that are glued together
verb
To put soft material in to provide comfort
To take money dishonestly by adding extra charges
To walk quietly

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

undock

US / ʌnˈdɒk /

•

UK / ʌnˈdɑ:k /

other
Move out of a dock
Take (a ship) out of a dock

utc

US / ˌjuː tiː ˈsiː /

•

UK / ˌjuː tiː ˈsiː /

other

clear

US / klɪə(r) /

•

UK / klɪr /

adjecitve
Empty; without anything in it or on it
Being certain and without doubt
Being without any streaks, spots, or cracks
Easy to understand; well-explained; obvious
adverb
Completely; entirely; through the whole of
Away from; free from
verb
To recover from or remove a problem
To get rid of the entire contents of
To give permission for something to happen
To make a place or surface empty by removing
To prove that someone is not guilty or to blame

guiana

US / ɡaiˈænə,ɡiˈænə /

•

UK / ɡiˈænə, -ˈɑnə, ɡaɪ- /

other
A geographical region of northeastern South America including Guyana and Surinam

induce

US / ɪn'dju:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈdus, -ˈdjus /

verb
To make someone do something; create an outcome
To make a woman give birth by giving her medicine

location

US / ləʊˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / loʊˈkeɪʃn /

noun
Particular position or area of place, event, etc.

US / nekst /

•

UK / nɛkst /

adverb
The one that follows another in time or order
At a time or place directly after the present one
noun
The one that follows after
adjecitve
Immediately after the previous one
First occurrence after the present one

remote

US / rɪ'məʊt /

•

UK / rɪˈmot /

adjecitve
Being far away from people, towns, etc.
(Of a possibility) being small or not likely
(Of time) far off; long ago; far in the future
Not friendly; separating yourself from others
noun
Radio device designed to operate TV, etc.

raise

US / reɪz /

•

UK / rez /

noun
Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
Pay increase
verb
To increase a bet above another when playing cards
To gather donations for a cause or charity
To bring up and educate a child to maturity
To bring a dead person to life
To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
To increase (salary, etc.)
To grow or care for plants or animals

spectroscope

US / ˈspektrəskəʊp /

•

UK / ˈspektrəskoʊp /

noun
Optical instrument for spectrographic analysis

tranche

US / trɑːnʃ /

•

UK / trɑːnʃ /

noun
Portion of something (e.g. money)

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

fifteenth

US / ˌfɪf'ti:nθ /

•

UK / fɪfˈtinθ /

noun
15th

hundred

US / 'hʌndrəd /

•

UK / ˈhʌndrɪd /

number
100

month

US / mʌnθ /

•

UK / mʌnθ /

noun
One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year

meter

US / ˈmi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmitɚ /

noun
Unit of length equal to 100 cm or about 39 inches
Device for measuring things e.g. gas
Device to put money into to rent a parking place
Rhythm of a poem
verb
To measure water, etc. when it has to be paid for

polar

US / ˈpəʊlə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpolɚ /

adjecitve
Concerning the areas near the North or South poles

seismometer

US / saɪzˈmɒmɪtə(r) /

•

UK / saɪzˈmɑːmətər /

noun

unit

US / ˈju:nɪt /

•

UK / ˈjunɪt /

noun
One apartment in a building
Group of people, e.g. soldiers, that work together
A chapter of a textbook
A standard of measurement of something
Single item made by a company

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

complete

US / kəm'pli:t /

•

UK / kəmˈplit /

adjecitve
Being finished; done; achieved
Being as perfect and as total as could be
verb
To finish or reach the end of doing something

manganese

US / ˈmæŋgəni:z /

•

UK / ˈmæŋɡəˌniz, -ˌnis /

noun
Brittle gray metallic element that resembles iron

mini

US / 'mɪnɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɪni /

noun
Small British car
A very short skirt
prefix
Small

station

US / 'steɪʃn /

•

UK / ˈsteʃən /

noun
Building, area, place used for a specific reason
A person's place in society
Place where you can catch a train or a bus
Company that broadcasts radio or TV programs
verb
(Army) to be posted to a place to perform duties
To put a person in a certain place or position

accurately

US / 'ækjərətlɪ /

•

UK / 'ækjərətlɪ /

adverb
Exactly and without any mistakes; correctly

count

US / kaʊnt /

•

UK / kaʊnt /

noun
Number of things added together, e.g. votes
With the number of crimes, knockouts, as stated
verb
To add things together to find the total number
To matter or be important
To include someone or something in a final number

center

US / 'sentə /

•

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

noun
Community place people go health or social reasons
Place in the middle of something
Person or thing that is attracting attention
verb
To direct focus toward something

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

discovery

US / dɪ'skʌvərɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈskʌvəri /

noun
Learning something for the first time

mark

US / mɑ:k /

•

UK / mɑrk /

noun
Person's name
A dirty spot or line on something
Grade or score given for homework
Line or symbol made when writing
Particular point on a scale of measurement
Grade, such as a student receives in school
Stain or spot on something
Sign or symbol of a quality of feeling
Written sign or symbol
verb
To put a dirty spot or line on something
To give a grade for homework
To indicate something with a sign or symbol
To make or leave a visible sign of (path, etc.)
(Animals) to go to the toilet to show your area
To write or draw a line on something

fall

US / fɔ:l /

•

UK / fɔl /

noun
Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
A drop in amount; decrease
Dropping from a standing position to the ground
verb
To drop in amount; to decrease
To come down from a higher position suddenly
To go from standing to the ground, by accident

postpone

US / pə'spəʊn /

•

UK / postˈpon, posˈpon /

verb
To schedule for a later time

sample

US / ˈsɑ:mpl /

•

UK / ˈsæmpl /

noun
A small quantity of something used as a taster
verb
To try (e.g. food, drink), to see if you like it

remember

US / rɪ'membə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈmɛmbɚ /

verb
To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
To hold a thought in your mind to not forget it
To bring a previous image or idea to your mind

twelve

US / twelv /

•

UK / twɛlv /

number
12

upper

US / ˈʌpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌpɚ /

adjecitve
Located above others of the same kind
Being the northern part of a region
Being closer to the source of a river
noun
Drug that improves mood or increases energy
Something happy or encouraging
Top part of a shoe, other than the flat bottom

air

US / eə(r) /

•

UK / er /

noun
Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
A person's manner intended to impress others
verb
To expose to the outside, to dry or freshen
To broadcast a TV or radio show
To open a subject to discussion and debate

collaboration

US / kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn /

noun
Act of working with someone to complete a task

eleven

US / ɪˈlevn /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛvən /

number
11

break

US / breɪk /

•

UK / brek /

noun
Time you stop an activity before continuing
End of a relationship
An escape from a place such as a jail
(Lucky) advantage or benefit from something
Find a solution or answer to a problem or crime
Change in the weather
verb
To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
To form a crack in something
To burst or become damaged
To end a relationship
To escape from a place such as a jail
To train a wild animal e.g. a horse
To separate into pieces by force, or by dropping
To act against a law, rule, or promise
To become known suddenly, as in the news
To not do what you promised e.g. not keep promises
To solve a crime, or answer a problem
To stop functioning properly
To suddenly start, open or commence
To change in pitch suddenly, as in a voice
To fall on the shore, as in waves
To begin or change suddenly; the dawn or weather
To defeat by causing the person to lose their will

full

US / fʊl /

•

UK / fʊl /

adjecitve
Containing all the parts; complete
Containing or holding as much as possible
Having had enough food
adverb
In a direct manner; completely

notice

US / 'nəʊtɪs /

•

UK / ˈnotɪs /

noun
Time by when you must leave, e.g. if you are fired
Paper with an announcement, e.g. pinned to a board
verb
To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing

lunar

US / ˈlu:nə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlunɚ /

adjecitve
Concerning, about, or from the moon

sun

US / sʌn /

•

UK / sʌn /

noun
Light and heat coming from a large star in the sky
Hot shining star the Earth moves around
verb
To lie in the sunshine and enjoy its warmth

alicia

US / əˈlɪʃə /

•

UK / əˈlɪʃə /

coast

US / kəʊst /

•

UK / kost /

noun
Land near the sea or ocean
verb
To progress in something without trying hard
(Of a vehicle) to move forward without power

century

US / 'sentʃərɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /

noun
Period of 100 years

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

hypersonic

US / ˌhaɪpə'sɒnɪk /

•

UK / ˌhaɪpə'sɒnɪk /

adjecitve

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

investigation

US / ɪnˌvestɪ'ɡeɪʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˌvɛstɪˈɡeʃən /

noun
Search for information about something

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

plan

US / plæn /

•

UK / plæn /

noun
Drawing of how something should be done or made

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

six

US / sɪks /

•

UK / sɪks /

number
6

sixty

US / 'sɪkstɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɪksti /

number
60

without

US / wɪˈðaʊt /

•

UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /

preposition
Not with; not having

command

US / kə'mɑ:nd /

•

UK / kəˈmænd /

noun
Electronic order to a computer to do something
An order to control things or others
verb
To be able to see far from a certain location
To give an order; have control over others
To have or get (respect or attention)

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

orbit

US / 'ɔ:bɪt /

•

UK / ˈɔrbɪt /

noun
Path an object takes as it circles another object
verb
To go around another object (often in space)

patiently

US / 'peɪʃntlɪ /

•

UK / ˈpeʃəntlɪ /

adverb
Without getting annoyed when things take time

silicon

US / ˈsɪlɪkən /

•

UK / ˈsɪlɪkən, -ˌkɑn /

noun
Mineral used in making steel and computer parts

satish

US / ˈseɪtɪʃ /

•

UK / ˈseɪtɪʃ /

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

currently

US / ˈkʌrəntli /

•

UK / ˈkʌrənt(ə)li /

adverb
Happening or being in the present time

fuel

US / 'fju:əl /

•

UK / ˈfjuəl /

noun
Material used to produce heat or power when burned
verb
To give power to (a mob, anger, etc.); incite
To provide gas or petrol for something

expect

US / ɪk'spekt /

•

UK / ɪkˈspɛkt /

verb
To believe something is probably going to happen

internet

US / ˈɪn.tə.net /

•

UK / ˋɪntɚ͵nɛt /

noun
Worldwide computer network system

safety

US / ˈseɪfti /

•

UK / ˈsefti /

noun
Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
State of being free from harm or danger

seven

US / ˈsevn /

•

UK / ˈsɛvən /

number
Number 7

stoke

US / stəʊk /

•

UK / stok /

verb
To add fuel or tend a fire to make it stronger

yet

US / jet /

•

UK / jɛt /

adverb
At a later time (used after ‘not’)
(Used to emphasize that thing is, will be greater)
Eventually; at a future time
Until now; up to the present
conjunction
Adding to what has been said, often as a contrast

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

carry

US / ˈkæri /

•

UK / ˈkæri /

verb
To have a child, be pregnant
To have a disease you might give to others
(Of stores) to sell a particular product
To hold something and move it to another place
To travel a long distance (sound)
To support the weight or burden of something

opportunity

US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /

•

UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /

noun
Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance

platform

US / 'plætfɔ:m /

•

UK / ˈplætˌfɔrm /

noun
Flat, raised structure that people stand on
Area from which you board a train at a station

july

US / dʒuˈlaɪ /

•

UK / dʒʊˈlaɪ /

noun
7th month of the year

sport

US / spɔ:t /

•

UK / spɔː(r)t /

noun
Something that is done for fun, e.g. football
Game or physical exercise with rules
Someone with a good attitude when things go badly
verb
To do something for fun, e.g. playing with animals
To wear, or show something off by wearing it

sixteen

US / ˌsɪksˈti:n /

•

UK / sɪkˈstin /

number
16

compare

US / kəm'peə(r) /

•

UK / kəmˈpɛr /

verb
To consider how similar and different things are

involve

US / ɪn'vɒlv /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɑlv /

verb
To have or be included as a part of something

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

study

US / 'stʌdɪ /

•

UK / ˈstʌdi /

noun
Room that a person studies or reads in
Piece of research
Topic or subject you research or learn about
verb
To focus on learning something usually at school

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

rookie

US / ˈrʊki /

•

UK / ˈrʊki /

noun
New to doing something; beginner

achieve

US / ə'tʃi:v /

•

UK / əˈtʃiv /

verb
To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

bowen

US / ˈbaʊəl /

•

UK / ˈbaʊəl, baʊl /

drastically

US / 'drɑ:stɪklɪ /

•

UK / ˈdræstɪkl:ɪ /

adverb
In a sudden, extreme or severe manner

fifth

US / fɪfθ /

•

UK / fɪfθ /

noun
5th

gao

US / /

•

UK / /

abbreviation
Government Accountability Office, a body that undertakes investigations for Congress.

experimental

US / ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl /

•

UK / ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntl /

adjecitve
Using techniques that are different or untried

record

US / 'rekɔ:d /

•

UK / ˈrekərd /

noun
Highest or most extreme level achieved
Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
History of a person's past actions or achievements
verb
To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
To write down or say what happened
To put music, sounds onto a device to store it

ship

US / ʃɪp /

•

UK / ʃɪp /

noun
Large boat
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

towards

US / tə'wɔ:dz /

•

UK / 'təuədz, twɔ:dz /

preposition
In the direction of someone or something

telescope

US / ˈtelɪskəʊp /

•

UK / ˈtelɪskoʊp /

noun
Tube-shaped device used to see a great distance
verb
To shorten by compacting tubes inside each other

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

demonstrate

US / 'demənstreɪt /

•

UK / ˈdɛmənˌstret /

verb
To display a feeling or ability openly
To protest about something often as a group
To prove or make clear by reasoning or evidence
To show how something works (e.g. product)

dragon

US / ˈdrægən /

•

UK / ˈdræɡən /

noun
Imaginary creatures that breathe fire

fifty

US / 'fɪftɪ /

•

UK / ˈfɪfti /

number
50

life

US / laɪf /

•

UK / laɪf /

noun
All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
Period of time things live, from birth to death

single

US / 'sɪŋɡl /

•

UK / ˈsɪŋɡəl /

adjecitve
Being one only, without others
Only; merely
Not married or in a relationship
noun
One run in cricket or a hit baseball
An individual song from a CD or album
Person who is not married or in a relationship

security

US / sɪ'kjʊərətɪ /

•

UK / sɪˈkjʊrɪtisə'kjurətɪ /

noun
Department in a company in charge of protection
Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
Person paid to protect property and people
Things done to protect people, buildings etc.
Condition of being safe from danger or harm

zero

US / ˈzɪərəʊ /

•

UK / ˈzɪroʊ /

noun
Temperature when water turns to ice
number
Number 0
verb
To set a scale or other device to show 0

sense

US / sens /

•

UK / sɛns /

noun
Certain mental feeling or emotion
Normal or clear state of mind
Meaning of a particular word, phrase or text
verb
To perceive using sight, sound, taste touch etc.
To recognize the presence of something

support

US / səˈpɔ:t /

•

UK / səˈpɔrt, -ˈport /

noun
Assistance or advice given to someone
Evidence that helps prove something is true
A thing to hold up or prevent from falling down
verb
To give assistance or advice to someone
To help prove or show that something is true
To hold up or prevent from falling down

wide

US / waɪd /

•

UK / waɪd /

adjecitve
Having a great distance from one side to the other
adverb
Fully; completely

weekly

US / 'wi:klɪ /

•

UK / ˈwikli /

adverb
Happening, published, or done once a week
noun
Magazine or newspaper published once a week

development

US / dɪ'veləpmənt /

•

UK / dɪˈvɛləpmənt /

noun
Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
A new event related to a previous event

dub

US / dʌb /

•

UK / dʌb /

verb
To add a new soundtrack to an audio recording
To give (a person or place) a name or nickname

maybe

US / ˈmeɪbi /

•

UK / ˈmebi /

adverb
Possibly but not certainly; perhaps

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

determiner
Belonging to us

preparation

US / ˌprepəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌprɛpəˈreʃən /

noun
Cream or substance applied onto the skin
Act of making ready for a purpose or activity

october

US / ɒkˈtəʊbə(r) /

•

UK / ɑkˈtobɚ /

noun
10th month of the year

seventy

US / ˈsevnti /

•

UK / ˈsɛvənti /

number
70

sulfur

US / 'sʌlfə /

•

UK / ˈsʌlfɚ /

noun
Smelly yellow chemical often found near volcanoes

themselves

US / ðəmˈselvz /

•

UK / ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðəm- /

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'they'

effectiveness

US / ɪˌfek'tɪvnɪs /

•

UK / əˈfɛktɪvnɪs /

noun
Degree of how well something works or is done

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

perform

US / pə'fɔ:m /

•

UK / pɚˈfɔrm /

verb
To carry out an action well or successfully
To entertain an audience by dancing, singing etc.

south

US / saʊθ /

•

UK / saʊθ /

adjecitve
Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
Coming from the opposite direction from north
noun
The direction to your right of the rising sun

spacecraft

US / ˈspeɪskrɑ:ft /

•

UK / ˈspeɪskræft /

noun
Vehicle capable of traveling to outer space

tall

US / tɔ:l /

•

UK / tɔl /

adjecitve
High in height

september

US / sepˈtembə(r) /

•

UK / sɛpˈtɛmbɚ /

noun
9th month of the year

schedule

US / ˈʃedju:l /

•

UK / ˈskedʒu:l /

noun
A list of events and their times
A plan to do something at a certain time
verb
To plan to do something at a certain time

yellow

US / ˈjeləʊ /

•

UK / ˈjeloʊ /

adjecitve
Color of lemons or the sun
Lacking in courage; cowardly (used as an INSULT)
verb
To turn yellow, often due to being old

capability

US / ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti /

•

UK / ˌkeɪpə'bɪləti /

noun
Means, ability, or potential to do something

flight

US / flaɪt /

•

UK / flaɪt /

noun
Act of leaving a place, usually to escape danger
Trip by plane, helicopter etc.

highly

US / ˈhaɪli /

•

UK / 'haɪlɪ /

adverb
In a manner that shows approval
More than usual; to a great degree

martin

US / ˈmɑ:tn /

•

UK / ˈmɑrtn: /

other
Any of various swallows with squarish or slightly forked tail and long pointed wings; migrate around

news

US / nju:z /

•

UK / nu:z /

noun
Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
Information about recent events

wrap

US / ræp /

•

UK / ræp /

noun
Piece of clothing worn loosely on the shoulders
Thin bread filled with food and rolled
verb
To be or move around something
To cover something with paper or a cloth e.g. gift

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

observatory

US / əbˈzɜ:vətri /

•

UK / əbˈzɜ:rvətɔ:ri /

noun
Building built for studying and watching the stars

ray

US / reɪ /

•

UK / re /

noun
Person's name
Lines of light coming from an object
Fish with a pointed tail and flat body

spend

US / spend /

•

UK / spɛnd /

verb
To use money to pay for something
To use time in order to do something
To use up something completely

twelfth

US / twelfθ /

•

UK / twɛlfθ /

noun
12th

short

US / ʃɔ:t /

•

UK / ʃɔrt /

adverb
Less than what is needed
Suddenly stopping what you are saying or doing
verb
(Of electric circuit) to spark because faulty
adjecitve
Measuring a small distance
Happening for a small amount of time
Unfriendly or rude

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

tower

US / 'taʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtaʊɚ /

noun
Tall, narrow building
Tall metal structure for broadcasting, or the view
verb
To be very good at something

breakdown

US / 'breɪkdaʊn /

•

UK / ˈbrekˌdaʊn /

noun
When normal activity or behavior stops

french

US / frentʃ /

•

UK / frentʃ /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of France
noun
Person's name

maneuver

US / mə'nu:və /

•

UK / məˈnuvɚ, -ˈnju- /

noun
Military movement of troops
verb
To move troops in a battle

replace

US / rɪ'pleɪs /

•

UK / rɪˈples /

verb
To use instead of something else
To return an item to its original location

send

US / send /

•

UK / sɛnd /

verb
To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
To cause mail or packages to go to another place
To move something quickly in a particular way
To give information or greetings to someone

california

US / ˌkælɪ'fɔ:njə, -'fɔ:ni:ə /

•

UK / ˌkælɪ'fɔ:rnjəˌ -'fɔ:rni:ə /

noun
A state in the western United States on the Pacific; the rd largest state; known for earthquakes

fully

US / 'fʊlɪ /

•

UK / ˈfʊli /

adverb
Completely or entirely

chinese

US / /

•

UK / /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of China

load

US / ləʊd /

•

UK / lod /

noun
Large, often heavy, amount of a thing to be moved
A burden; heavy responsibility
Many or much of something; a lot of
Items that fill a truck, machine
verb
To put in items for use (e.g. bullets in a gun)

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

range

US / reɪndʒ /

•

UK / rendʒ /

noun
Cooking stove with multiple burners
Given distance from a point; how far plane can fly
Large grassy area where cattle wander and feed
Group or chain of mountains
Set of things with something in common
Limits within which something extends or varies
A set of products, e.g. so that people can choose
verb
To cover an area from one point to another
To extend to or vary within given limits
To put things in a row or in line
To wander or explore

technology

US / tek'nɒlədʒɪ /

•

UK / tɛkˈnɑlədʒi /

noun
Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.

eighty

US / 'eɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈeti /

number
80

dress

US / dres /

•

UK / drɛs /

noun
Women's garment with a top part and a skirt
Clothing suitable for a time period or occasion
verb
To prepare food (e.g. salad) before cooking or eating
To decorate something for display e.g. a mannequin
To put clothes on
To clean, care for and apply a cover to a wound

generation

US / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən /

noun
Act or process of producing or causing something
People born and living at about the same time

hour

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

noun
60 minutes
Particular time of the day
Fixed, regularly occurring time

possibly

US / ˈpɒsəbli /

•

UK / ˈpɑ:səbli /

adverb
May be true or likely, but is uncertain

occur

US / əˈkɜ:(r) /

•

UK / əˈkɚ /

verb
To come to pass or to happen

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

eight

US / eɪt /

•

UK / et /

number
8

eighth

US / eɪtθ /

•

UK / etθ, eθ /

noun
8th

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

incredible

US / ɪnˈkredəbl /

•

UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəbəl /

adjecitve
Very good; amazing
Really good; amazing; great
Very hard to believe

pair

US / peə(r) /

•

UK / per /

noun
Two of the same thing, e.g. socks
Two people viewed together for some reason; couple
verb
To put two things or people together

soon

US / su:n /

•

UK / sun /

adverb
At a time not long from now

such

US / sʌtʃ /

•

UK / sʌtʃ /

determiner
Being similar to
(Thing) as previously stated or referred to
adverb
(Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

smart

US / smɑ:t /

•

UK / smɑ:rt /

adjecitve
Fashionable; well-dressed; well-groomed
Looking clean, neat and stylish
(Of phones, weapons) with clever features
Associated with rich, popular and stylish people
Clever; with intelligence
adverb
Energetic or quick in motion or movement
In a clever way; with intelligence
noun
Feeling of being hurt and upset
Sharp, burning pain
verb
To feel hurt or upset
To hurt with an unexpected sharp or burning pain

coffee

US / ˈkɒfi /

•

UK / ˈkɔ:fi /

adjecitve
A brown chocolate color
noun
A brown drink made from roasted beans and water

dedicated

US / 'dedɪkeɪtɪd /

•

UK / ˈdɛdɪˌketɪd /

verb
To state a person's name in book, song, in respect
To give your energy, time, etc. completely

land

US / lænd /

•

UK / lænd /

noun
Region or country
Earth; the ground
verb
To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
To obtain or get something that you wanted
To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
To cause to arrive in a specific place or state

launch

US / lɔ:ntʃ /

•

UK / lɔntʃ, lɑntʃ /

noun
Starting a new project; introducing new product
Act of firing rockets into the air
verb
To start a new project; start selling a product
To put a rocket into the air
To put a ship into the water for the first time

manufacture

US / ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˌmænjəˈfæktʃɚ /

verb
To produce large numbers of products in a factory
To create a story or explanation that is not true

grow

US / ɡrəʊ /

•

UK / ɡro /

verb
To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
To improve; to develop better skills over time
To develop and become bigger or taller over time

source

US / sɔ:s /

•

UK / sɔrs, sors /

adjecitve
Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
noun
Piece of information; a person giving information
Place from which something necessary comes
verb
To get, e.g. a raw material, from somewhere

stream

US / stri:m /

•

UK / strim /

noun
Classes split into ability levels
A small river
verb
To send a constant flow of data over the internet
To split classes or students into ability levels

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

set

US / set /

•

UK / sɛt /

adjecitve
Prepared for something; ready
noun
Complete group of something
Place where a television show or movie is filmed
Group of games in a tennis match
Device that receives radio or television signals
verb
To make a clock state or ring at a particular time
To decide upon or choose something
To make something ready for use (e.g. table)
To decide on a price for something
To become hard (of glue, concrete etc.)
To be located in a specific place or time
To put (e.g. a vase) down carefully in a place
To put someone in a certain condition or state
(Of the sun) to go lower than the horizon

within

US / wɪˈðɪn /

•

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

adverb
Inside the limits of an area, time or range
preposition
From the inside of something

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

test

US / test /

•

UK / test /

noun
A medical examination
Action to establish the truth or nature of
Examination; questions to measure knowledge
verb
To be given a medical examination
To try to establish the truth or nature of
To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

thirteenth

US / ˌθɜ:'ti:nθ /

•

UK / θə:ˈtinθ /

noun
13th

traverse

US / trəˈvɜ:s /

•

UK / trəˈvɜ:rs /

verb
To pass across, over, or through

board

US / bɔ:d /

•

UK / bɔrd, bord /

noun
Surface for posting or showing information
Group of persons who direct an organization
Long piece of material used for riding the waves
Long thin piece of wood, used for building; plank
verb
To enter a ship, plane, or other vehicle
To cover with long wooden strips of wood
To pay money to live in someone's house; lodge

cold

US / kəʊld /

•

UK / kold /

adjecitve
Having a very low temperature
Being unfriendly or lacking emotion
noun
Illness of sneezing, coughing, and a sore throat

few

US / fju: /

•

UK / fju /

pronoun
Not many, a small number

earth

US / ɜ:θ /

•

UK / ɚθ /

noun
Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
The planet we live on
Soil in which we grow plants

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

system

US / 'sɪstəm /

•

UK / ˈsɪstəm /

adjecitve
Working in an organized, logical way
noun
Set of organized, planned ideas that work together

window

US / ˈwɪndəʊ /

•

UK / ˈwɪndoʊ /

noun
Opening in a wall or door to let in light
Opening in a wall through which people do business

vehicle

US / ˈvi:əkl /

•

UK / ˈvi:hɪkl /

noun
Machine (such as a car) used to carry things
Means of expressing, showing, or achieving

communication

US / kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn /

•

UK / kəˌmjunɪˈkeʃən /

noun
Talking to people; giving information to people

list

US / lɪst /

•

UK / lɪst /

noun
Lean of a boat to one side
Series of written names, words or numbers
verb
To lean to one side, like a boat or ship
To present for sale for a specific price
To write a series of names, words, or numbers

movement

US / ˈmu:vmənt /

•

UK / ˈmuvmənt /

noun
Part of a piece of classical music
Group with a shared interest or goal
Group sharing the same idea to change society, art
Action you do when exercising, e.g. in a gym
Part of a piece of music

pretty

US / 'prɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɪti /

adjecitve
Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
adverb
Very; to a great degree

spaceflight

US / 'speɪsflaɪt /

•

UK / 'speɪsˌflaɪt /

noun
Voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

relativity

US / ˌreləˈtɪvəti /

•

UK / ˌrɛləˈtɪvɪti /

noun
Einstein theory about time, space and position

main

US / meɪn /

•

UK / men /

adjecitve
Most important; most often used

several

US / ˈsevrəl /

•

UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /

adjecitve
Many of
pronoun
More than two but not a large amount

solar

US / 'səʊlə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsolɚ /

adjecitve
Concerning the sun, or its heat

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

execute

US / ˈeksɪkju:t /

•

UK / ˈɛksɪˌkjut /

verb
To kill someone, usually as an official punishment
To perform a plan or action

original

US / ə'rɪdʒənl /

•

UK / əˈrɪdʒənəl /

adjecitve
Being first made, thought or performed; fresh
Being unique or thinking differently from others

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

cancel

US / 'kænsl /

•

UK / ˈkænsəl /

verb
To end a legal, business, or other agreement
To stop a planned event from happening

endure

US / ɪn'djʊə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈdʊr, -ˈdjʊr /

verb
To last for a long time; continue to exist
To accept difficulties without struggle

digit

US / ˈdɪdʒɪt /

•

UK / ˈdɪdʒɪt /

noun
Person's finger or toe
Written symbol of the numbers from 0 to 9

kilometre

US / ˈkɪləmi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkɪləmiːtər /

noun
A metric unit of length equal to 1000 metres

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

moon

US / mu:n /

•

UK / mun /

noun
Round object circling the Earth at night
verb
To expose your buttocks as a joke

calcium

US / 'kælsɪəm /

•

UK / ˈkælsiəm /

noun
A substance important for making bones and teeth

both

US / bəuθ /

•

UK / boθ /

determiner
Used to refer to two things at the same time
pronoun
Used to refer to two things at the same time

military

US / 'mɪlətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning the army or navy
noun
Army or armed forces

space

US / speɪs /

•

UK / spes /

noun
Empty area kept for a specific reason, like a car
Empty area with nothing in it
Area in the sky where the stars are
Area between written words on a page
verb
To make a certain distance or time between

activity

US / æk'tɪvətɪ /

•

UK / ækˈtɪvɪti /

noun
An action or task, e.g. sports, washing clothes

add

US / æd /

•

UK / æd /

verb
To include as well
To put two things or numbers together, e.g. 2+2

article

US / 'ɑ:tɪkl /

•

UK / ˈɑrtɪkəl /

noun
Word such as 'a', 'an', or 'the' used before nouns
Piece of writing about a particular subject
Piece of something, e.g. clothing
Section of a business contract or law

crucial

US / 'kru:ʃl /

•

UK / ˈkruʃəl /

adjecitve
Extremely important or necessary

bring

US / brɪŋ /

•

UK / brɪŋ /

verb
To take or go with someone to a place

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

update

US / ˌʌpˈdeɪt /

•

UK / ʌpˈdet /

noun
Addition of a current version of something
New information or data to make more current
verb
To download the latest version of software
To make more current or modern

tranch

US / /

•

UK / /

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

barge

US / bɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / bɑ:rdʒ /

noun
Large low boat with a flat bottom
verb
To push your way into a place or conversation

batch

US / bætʃ /

•

UK / bætʃ /

noun
Amount of something that is produced at one time
A group of things made or done together
verb
To combine or arrange together into a group

engine

US / 'endʒɪn /

•

UK / ˈɛndʒɪn /

noun
Machine that changes energy into mechanical motion
The part of a train that pulls railway cars

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

notification

US / ˌnəʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn /

noun
Act of giving formal or official information

operational

US / ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənl /

•

UK / ˌɑpəˈreʃənəl /

adjecitve
Being in working condition and ready to be used
Working; able to function

return

US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

•

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

adjecitve
Do again; repeated
noun
Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
Profit made as a result of a business activity
Process of going back to a previous way or state
verb
To hit something back to the other player or team
To come back after being away from somewhere
To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
To occur again

seismic

US / ˈsaɪzmɪk /

•

UK / ˈsaɪzmɪk /

adjecitve
Of earthquakes

top

US / tɒp /

•

UK / tɑp /

adjecitve
Being good or great; excellent
Being the most in degree or quality
noun
Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
A cover or lid
Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
Highest or upper part or point of something
Best or highest status or position
Flat upper surface or edge of an object
Child's toy that spins on its point
Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
Winning in a sport or contest
verb
To be higher or larger than a specific value
To arrive at the highest point of something
To put a cover or layer or over something
To kill; murder
To hold the highest position on a list
To be more important, successful or better than
To beat someone or win at a game

eighteen

US / ˌeɪˈti:n /

•

UK / eˈtin /

number
18

fourth

US / fɔ:θ /

•

UK / fɔ:rθ /

noun
4th

old

US / əʊld /

•

UK / old /

adjecitve
Having existed for a long time, not young or new
Age of a person since birth

sultan

US / 'sʌltən /

•

UK / ˈsʌltən /

noun
Ruler of a Muslim country or state

work

US / wɜ:k /

•

UK / wɚk /

adjecitve
Activity completed in order to make money
noun
The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
Everything created by an author, artist, musician
Activity you do in order to make money
Place of employment
Final product or result of a some labor or effort
verb
To bring into a specific state of success
To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
To do your job in your company or workplace
To make an effort to do something
To operate a machine or device

ago

US / əˈgəʊ /

•

UK / əˈgoʊ /

adverb
At a specified length of time in the past

agree

US / əˈgri: /

•

UK / əˈɡri /

verb
To have the same opinion as someone else

direction

US / də'rekʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ- /

noun
When someone tells people what to do
Describes the way you are going, e.g. North

due

US / dju: /

•

UK / du, dju /

adjecitve
When something is required or expected
Owed to a person as a right
noun
Something you deserve; something you can expect

guarantee

US / ˌɡærən'ti: /

•

UK / ˌɡærənˈti /

noun
A promise to repair a broken product
Promise that something will be done as expected
verb
To promise to repair a broken product
To promise that something will happen or be done
To promise to pay if another person fails to do so

china

US / ˈtʃaɪnə /

•

UK / ˈtʃaɪnə /

noun
A communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the wo
other
High quality porcelain originally made only in China

chromosphere

US / ˈkrəʊməˌsfɪə /

•

UK / ˈkroməˌsfɪr /

noun
Gaseous layer of the sun's atmosphere (extending from the photosphere to the corona) that is visible

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

spacesuit

US / ˈspeɪssu:t /

•

UK / ˈspeɪssuːt /

noun
Pressure suit worn by astronauts while in space

section

US / 'sekʃn /

•

UK / ˈsɛkʃən /

noun
A part of a whole
Specific area or region within a larger place
Specific group of people from a larger group
Part of a book, newspaper, etc.
verb
To divide something into smaller parts

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

vandenberg

US / ˈvælju:ləs /

•

UK / ˈvæljulɪs /

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

Subtitles section

SpaceX's Starship is fully stacked, Chandrayaan III shuts down, and Stokes Base's hop just got even closer.

I'm Alicia Siegel for NSF.

It's Friday the eighth of September, and there's much more to come this week in Space Flight.

India's Chandrayaan III has completed its primary mission, and my oh my, it has done a lot of science in the less than two weeks that it's been active on the surface.

We touched on some of this science in last week's episode, like, for example, how the lander's thermal probe found that the temperature of the moon's regolith goes down drastically at a depth of only a few centimeters.

Some of the other science includes the discovery of sulfur on the Moon using the Pragyan rover's laser induced breakdown spectroscope, or LIBS.

This instrument has also detected other elements such as aluminum, calcium, iron, chromium, titanium, manganese, silicon, and oxygen.

Some of these were already expected to be found on the Moon, and others were seen previously at other lunar locations.

The Chandrayaan III lander also included a seismometer that captured the movements of the ground underneath it, and it detected at least a natural source of seismic activity, which is currently under investigation.

As you can imagine, it also captured the movement of the rover moving around nearby.

But it's not just science that these vehicles conducted on the surface.

The Pragaan rover traversed over a hundred meters across the surface of the moon until it had to shut down for the lunar night.

Now this means that both the lander and the rover had to endure the cold lunar nights with no heating units and no power.

So, for now, the primary mission is considered complete.

But, nonetheless, before that happened, the lander also did a small hop on the Moon.

It ignited its engines and went up by forty centimeters and moved thirty to forty centimeters away, becoming the second spacecraft to land on the Moon, fly up again, and land some distance away.

This demonstrates that the lander's technology could be used in the future for a potential lunar sample return mission.

Both the lander and rover are now patiently waiting for the sun to rise again.

While there are no guarantees that they'll wake up, ISRO is ready in the event that they do.

So what do you think?

Will they wake up?

ESA and Arianespace have completed two crucial tests of the Ariane VI rocket, making it just a few steps away from being fully developed.

The first of these tests happened on September first at Lampelthausen in Germany, where an Ariane VI second stage was test fired for a full duration simulating launch.

This test also included active use of the stage's auxiliary power unit, just as it would during flight.

The second stage is pretty much now fully tested under expected and nominal conditions, and one test remains for this fall where it'll be tested with degraded conditions.

This will ensure that the upper stage demonstrates its reliability even when not in fully nominal conditions.

The other test this week happened on September fifth at the Guiana Space Center with a development test article of the Ariane six rocket firing its main engines for four seconds.

This short hot fire test had originally been scheduled to occur in July and then in late August, but different issues delayed it until just this week.

During the test, the vehicle and ground system simulated a full countdown.

The rocket was fully loaded as if it were to launch, and its main engine was ignited at the end of the count.

The test article will now be prepared for a full duration hot fire test set to occur on October third, and, if it occurs successfully, it'll clear the rocket and launch pad systems for launch.

Well, development of Ariane six wraps up.

The first flight article is in production and it's expected to be shipped to French Guiana sometime early next year.

ESA and Ariane space say that they will not set a launch target date until these two tests are completed.

So stick around and we may find out about it in the next few months.

Now let's take a look at this week in launches.

Starting off the week, we had the launch of a PSLV XL on September second at six twenty UTC from the second launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Center.

The rocket was carrying the Aditya L I solar observatory into a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth.

The Aditya L I is India's first satellite dedicated to studying the sun's activity and the dynamics within and between its chromosphere and corona.

The satellite, now healthy and successfully in orbit around the Earth, will begin a series of orbit raising maneuvers to set itself on a course toward the Sun Earth Lagrange point one.

This point is about one point five million kilometers away from the Earth in the direction of the Sun.

As of recording, the spacecraft is in a two hundred eighty two by forty thousand two hundred twenty five kilometer orbit around the Earth, and its next orbit raising maneuver is set for September tenth.

A Falcon Nine lifted off this week on September second at twelve twenty five UTC from Vandenberg in California.

The rocket was carrying the last batch of the Space Development Agency's Tranch Zero satellites into a polar orbit.

The satellites involved in this batch were ten Tranch Zero transport layer satellites manufactured by Lockheed Martin, another Tranch Zero transport layer satellite manufactured by York Space Systems, and two Tranch Zero tracking layer satellites manufactured by SpaceX.

This is the second of two main launches planned for the Tranche Zero constellation.

Another four Tranche Zero transport layer satellites by York Space Systems will be launched later this year on a rideshare mission on board another Falcon Nine rocket.

The booster for this mission, B Ten Sixty Three, was flying for a thirteenth time, and it successfully landed back on land at landing zone four.

Another Falcon Nine lifted off on September fourth at two forty seven UTC from Launch Complex thirty nine A. The rocket was carrying twenty one Starlink V two mini satellites into low Earth orbit in support of Starlink's second generation constellation.

The booster, B ten seventy three, was flying for a tenth time, making it the tenth booster to reach this mark.

That's a lot of boosters now in double digit flights!

As usual, the booster successfully returned to Earth, landing on SpaceX's drone ship Just Read The Instructions.

With this launch, SpaceX has now put five thousand forty eight satellites into orbit, of which four thousand seven hundred four remain in orbit and three thousand nine hundred seventy nine are in operational orbit.

A Series One by Galactic Energy lifted off on September fifth at nine thirty four UTC from the Defu one five zero zero two barge stationed in the Yellow Sea.

It was carrying four Tianchi satellites into low Earth orbit.

The launch, dubbed the Little Mermaid, was the first one of this rocket from a marine launch platform, and the first maritime launch by a private Chinese rocket.

The Tianqi satellites are part of an experimental Internet of Things communications constellation by Guo Di and Gao Ke.

This Chongzheng IV C rocket lifted off on September sixth at at the South Launch Site II at the Jiquan Satellite Launch Center in China.

The rocket was carrying the third Yaoguan XXXIII remote sensing satellite into a sun synchronous orbit.

The satellite adds another one to the Chinese military Yaoguan satellite constellation.

This week, we also had the launch of an H IIA rocket from the Tanegashima Space Center on September sixth at twenty three forty two UTC.

The rocket was carrying the X ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission, or CRISM, and the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, aka SLIM.

CRISM is the latest X ray observatory from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, or JAXA, in collaboration with NASA.

This next generation X ray telescope will bridge the gap between current telescopes, like Chandra or XMM Newton, and those in the works for the future.

It also replaces, in some sense, the Hitomi X ray Observatory, which was lost in the year of its creation.

SLIM is JAXA's first lunar lander that aims to demonstrate a new way of landing more accurately and in a wider range of terrain.

The spacecraft will spend a few weeks in Earth orbit, adjusting its orbit before sending itself into a low energy trajectory around the Earth Moon system to get captured around the Moon without spending a lot of fuel.

Its arrival at the Moon is not expected until next year, and it will spend several months in lunar orbit before attempting to land.

Add yet another lunar lander to the list.

SpaceX's Crew Six mission has now returned to Earth, marking the end of the company's original commercial crew contract.

Crew Dragon Endeavour, which carried the crew of Crew Six to the ISS, undocked from the station on September third at eleven oh five UTC.

After about ten orbits around the Earth, the crew donned their spacesuits and strapped themselves in for re entry into the atmosphere.

Endeavour executed a sixteen minute long de orbit burn at three twenty three UTC on September fourth.

The capsule successfully splashed down off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida about fifty five minutes later at four seventeen UTC.

With this flight, all three rookies on board, Woody Holberg, Sultan Alnayati, and Andrey Fedyaev, have now spent a total of a hundred and eighty five days, twenty two hours, and forty three minutes in space.

As for the veteran on this mission, Steven Bowen, he gets to add that to his total time spent in space, which has now grown to two hundred twenty six days, eight hours, and forty three minutes.

This launch wraps up SpaceX's original commercial crew contract, which is really something considering that Boeing Starliner spacecraft still hasn't carried any astronauts yet.

But, hey, maybe soon it'll have its time to shine.

Now let's take a quick glimpse at some other stories across space.

And, according to the Air Force Global Strike Command, this test launch was set to validate and verify the safety, security, effectiveness, and readiness of this weapon system.

Meanwhile, on the other coast at Cape Canaveral, there were potential indications of a hypersonic missile test occurring this week.

This included the release of navigational warnings and temporary flight restrictions that didn't match other sorts of launches from this site.

However, it appears this test has been cancelled and possibly postponed to a later date.

It's always important to remember that from each of these launch centers, there's not only normal rockets launching, but also missile tests.

But I'm sure we can all agree that no one wants any of those being used for anything other than tests.

SpaceX has rolled out the first section of the Crew Access Tower for Space Launch Complex Forty.

This tower will eventually support crew launches from this pad, basically providing backup crew launch capability for when Starship launches start happening from Launch Complex Thirty Nine A.

This is just the first of what we expect will be four tower sections.

So, stick around our Space Coast Live TV live stream and you may catch the next few sections rolling out real soon.

Stoke Space's Hopper II test vehicle has completed its wet dress rehearsal and is getting ready to perform a static fire test.

The tests of this prototype vehicle are in preparation for the long awaited hop test of the vehicle, which could happen really soon.

We're anxiously waiting over here, Stoke!

If you'd love to see Falcon Nine launches as much as we do, get ready for more, because Elon Musk says there's a lot more coming.

The company is aiming to achieve a cadence of ten launches a month by the end of this year in order to reach their goal of a hundred launches in twenty twenty three and then aims to perform twelve launches a month in twenty twenty four.

Now that would total a hundred and forty four launches for next year.

This comes right after SpaceX broke its own record this week for most launches in a single year, completing sixty two launches with Falcon rockets compared to sixty one last year.

We're already buying lots of coffee here at NSF to prepare for the loads of three a.m.

Starlink launches that'll be coming up with this incredible cadence.

Keep it up!

Relativity has broken ground at NASA's Stennis Space Center to use the old A II test stand to test its Terran R rocket.

This test stand started off its life supporting testing of the Saturn V S II rocket stage and was later used to test space shuttle main engines and the J IIX development engine.

If you notice, all of those are hydrogen fueled engines, but now this stand is coming back in the XXI century style and will be used to test a methalox rocket, the Terran R. SpaceX has brought another full Starship stack back to Starbase this week with the stacking of Ship XXV on top of Booster Nine.

This was the first time a booster sporting a hot staging ring has seen a ship placed on top of it, which, by the way, means Starship broke its own record for tallest rocket in the world once again.

While Elon now claims the rocket and company are ready for launch pending regulatory approval, teams are still working on the vehicles and the pad systems, and we might still see a few more tests happening before the launch.

We'll just have to wait and see what happens.

And now let's go over next week in Space Flight!

A Falcon nine carrying the next batch of Starlink V II mini satellites will lift off from Cape Canaveral next week.

Launch is set to occur on September eighth at twenty three fifty six UTC with two backup launch opportunities at three twelve and three thirty UTC on September ninth.

The launch of Atlas V's next mission had to be delayed a couple of weeks ago due to Hurricane Adalia, but it's back on the pad and ready to go.

The liftoff is planned to occur on September ninth at twelve fifty one UTC.

We'll be live for that, so be sure to set notifications for our channel when that happens.

A Changjiang VI A rocket is set to liftoff next week with a yet unknown payload.

Launch is set for September tenth at four forty UTC from the Taiyan Satellite Launch Center in China.

A pair of Falcon Nine rockets are preparing for launch next week to carry more batches of Starlink satellites from each coast of the United States.

The first one, from Vandenberg, is set to lift off on September the twelfth within a three hour window that opens at six forty seven UTC.

The second one, from Cape Canaveral, is set to lift off on September the fifteenth within a four hour, fifty five minute window that opens at two twenty UTC.

Roscosmos is preparing to launch its next crew mission to the International Space Station, also on September the fifteenth, with liftoff set to occur at fifteen forty four UTC on that day.

The Soyuz MS XXIV spacecraft is set to dock with the station just three hours and fourteen minutes later at eighteen fifty eight UTC.

And that's your weekly update of spaceflight news.

We'll see you all again next week to recap this week in spaceflight.