Channel

Animation and Film

Autos and Vehicles

Music Videos

Pets and Animals

Sports

Travel & Events

Gaming

People and Blogs

Comedy

Entertainment

News and Politics

How to And Style

Education

Science And Technology

NonProfit & Activism

Others

Subtitles section

No translation

x 1.0

	Shortcuts	Functions
1	Space	Pause/Play video
2	Right arrow	Next subtitle
3	Left arrow	Previous subtitle
4	r	Repeat sentence

Newark ship blaze blamed on Ports America-owned loading vehicle

Original YouTube Video | wgowshipping Published on 2023-09-16 Level：77 Speed：60 maxwordlevel：28

Video vocabulary

grand

US / ɡrænd /

•

UK / ɡrænd /

adjecitve
A counter for 1000 of something
Great in amount, number or size
Being highest in status or rank; impressive

commence

US / kə'mens /

•

UK / kəˈmɛns /

verb
To begin or start

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

greg

US / 'gri:nweɪ /

•

UK / 'gri:nˌweɪ /

grimaldi

US / griˈmɑldi /

•

UK / /

below

US / bɪ'ləʊ /

•

UK / bɪˈlo /

preposition
In a lower position, place, or level

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

jeep

US / dʒi:p /

•

UK / dʒi:p /

noun
Small sturdy vehicle with four-wheel drive

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

welcome

US / 'welkəm /

•

UK / ˈwɛlkəm /

adjecitve
Being what was wanted or needed
noun
Friendly greeting to someone who has arrived
verb
To greet someone who has just arrived
To accept or receive something happily and gladly

bell

US / bel /

•

UK / bɛl /

noun
Metal object shaped like a cup that rings when hit
Electronic device that makes a ringing sound

episode

US / 'epɪsəʊd /

•

UK / ˈɛpɪˌsod /

noun
One separate event in a series of events
Show which is part of a larger story

burn

US / bɜ:n /

•

UK / bɚn /

noun
Damage from fire or heat
verb
To destroy with fire
To feel pain and heat
To use as fuel for a fire to make light or heat
To overcook food with too much heat it goes black

million

US / ˈmɪljən /

•

UK / ˈmɪljən /

number
1,000,000

try

US / traɪ /

•

UK / traɪ /

noun
Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
verb
To make an effort, to attempt to do something
To examine someone or something in a court of law
To test to see if it is good or you like it
To make a person go through hardship; test
To examine something to see if it works

surround

US / səˈraʊnd /

•

UK / səˈraʊnd /

other
To be closely connected to and have an effect on
verb
To be all the way around something
To be closely connected to and have an effect on
To move closer on all sides of something

importantly

US / ɪmˈpɔːtntli /

•

UK / ɪmˈpɔːrtntli /

adverb
In an important way;

gross

US / ɡrəʊs /

•

UK / ɡros /

adjecitve
Nasty; ill-mannered; unappealing
noun
144 of something; twelve dozen of something
Total sum of money earned before costs and taxes
Total weight of something including packaging
verb
To earn an amount of money before costs and taxes

rescue

US / 'reskju: /

•

UK / ˈrɛskju /

verb
To save someone who is in danger or in trouble

among

US / əˈmʌŋ /

•

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

preposition
In the center of several things

carbon

US / 'kɑ:bən /

•

UK / ˈkɑrbən /

noun
Chemical element with an atomic number of 6

reason

US / 'ri:zn /

•

UK / ˈrizən /

noun
Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
Explanation for why something occurred or was done
verb
To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

loading

US / ˈləʊdɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈlodɪŋ /

noun
Act of putting things on a truck, ship, etc.
verb
To put in items for use (e.g. bullets in a gun)

contain

US / kənˈteɪn /

•

UK / kənˈten /

verb
To keep something from spreading
To hold something inside something else

shipboard

US / ˈʃɪpbɔːd /

•

UK / ˈʃɪpbɔːrd /

noun
As if taking place on board a ship

sudden

US / ˈsʌdn /

•

UK / ˈsʌdn /

adjecitve
Happening or done quickly or unexpectedly

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

establish

US / ɪˈstæblɪʃ /

•

UK / ɪˈstæblɪʃ /

verb
To set or create something to last for a long time
To use facts, evidence to show truth or clarity

sense

US / sens /

•

UK / sɛns /

noun
Certain mental feeling or emotion
Normal or clear state of mind
Meaning of a particular word, phrase or text
verb
To perceive using sight, sound, taste touch etc.
To recognize the presence of something

usually

US / ˈju:ʒuəli /

•

UK / ˈjuːʒuəli /

adverb
Normally; regularly

host

US / həʊst /

•

UK / host /

noun
Mass; a great number
Person who entertains guests
Plant or animal on or in which parasites live
Presenter on a television or radio program
verb
To be the sponsor of an event, e.g. the Olympics
To lead or start a party, program, or other event
To lead a TV or radio show as the announcer

ramp

US / ræmp /

•

UK / ræmp /

noun
Path that increases in height as you walk up it
verb

topside

US / ˈtɒpsaɪd /

•

UK / ˈtɑ:psaɪd /

noun
Part of a ship above the waterline

inspect

US / ɪnˈspekt /

•

UK / ɪnˈspɛkt /

verb
To look at or examine carefully

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

determiner
Belonging to us

minute

US / 'mɪnɪt /

•

UK / ˈmɪnɪt /

adjecitve
Very very small
noun
Notes taken at a meeting to record what was said
Short period of time
Unit of time equal to 60 seconds
verb
To record in writing what is said at a meeting

US / səb'skraɪb /

•

UK / səbˈskraɪb /

verb
To regularly pay to receive a service

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

subscriber

US / səbˈskraɪbə(r) /

•

UK / səbˈskraɪbər /

noun
Person who pays a (monthly) fee to get a service

lawsuit

US / ˈlɔ:su:t /

•

UK / ˈlɔˌsut /

noun
A proceeding in law courts to get a legal decision

pick

US / pɪk /

•

UK / pɪk /

noun
Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
Item selected from a group of choices
verb
To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
To decide on a thing from various choices; select
To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

prevention

US / prɪˈvenʃn /

•

UK / prɪˈvɛnʃən /

noun
Act of stopping something bad from happening

underside

US / ˈʌndəsaɪd /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚˌsaɪd /

noun
Lower side of anything

aboard

US / əˈbɔ:d /

•

UK / əˈbɔrd, əˈbord /

adverb
On or onto a boat, airplane, train, etc.

super

US / ˈsu:pə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsupɚ /

adjecitve
Of the highest quality; great; marvelous

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

excuse

US / ɪk'skju:s /

•

UK / ɪkˈskjuz /

noun
Note explaining why someone cannot do or attend
Reason why you did or didn't do something
verb
To allow someone not to do (jury service, etc.)
To explain acting in a bad or impolite manner
To forgive someone for something bad or impolite

yes

US / jes /

•

UK / jɛs /

adverb
Way to say you agree or will do something

ongoing

US / ˈɒngəʊɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɑ:ngoʊɪŋ /

adjecitve
Continuing to exist or be in progress

america

US / ə'merɪkə /

•

UK / əˈmɛrɪkə /

noun
The United States of America; North America and/or South America

liability

US / ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti /

•

UK / ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti /

noun
Something that is owed to someone else, e.g. debt
Person, thing that causes problems for someone

risk

US / rɪsk /

•

UK / rɪsk /

noun
Actions that cause potential problems
verb
To do something potentially dangerous or foolish

engine

US / 'endʒɪn /

•

UK / ˈɛndʒɪn /

noun
Machine that changes energy into mechanical motion
The part of a train that pulls railway cars

discharge

US / dɪsˈtʃɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / dɪsˈtʃɑ:rdʒ /

noun
A substance that has been released
The retirement of someone from service e.g. army
Act of firing a weapon
Substance that is released
verb
To complete a task that has been assigned
To produce or release a substance
To deliver an electric charge
To let someone leave the army or other service
To fire or shoot (a gun)
To release a person or thing from jail, hospital

apologize

US / ə'pɒlədʒaɪz /

•

UK / əˈpɑləˌdʒaɪz /

verb
To say sorry because of a mistake or injury

nowhere

US / 'nəʊweə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnoˌhwɛr, -ˌwɛr /

adverb
Not in or at any place; no place

accordingly

US / əˈkɔ:dɪŋli /

•

UK / əˈkɔ:rdɪŋli /

adverb
Taking the situation into account; appropriately

section

US / 'sekʃn /

•

UK / ˈsɛkʃən /

noun
A part of a whole
Specific area or region within a larger place
Specific group of people from a larger group
Part of a book, newspaper, etc.
verb
To divide something into smaller parts

account

US / ə'kaʊnt /

•

UK / əˈkaʊnt /

noun
An advantage
Arrangement with a bank to keep your money for you
An invoice for things bought
Arrangement whereby you can use online services
A description, often written, of events; report

area

US / 'eərɪə /

•

UK / ˈɛriə /

noun
Amount of measured space
A specific section or space; part of a region
A subject or field of study

debate

US / dɪ'beɪt /

•

UK / dɪˈbet /

noun
General public discussion of a topic
A formal event where two sides discuss a topic
verb
To consider options before making a decision
To take part in a formal discussion

available

US / əˈveɪləbl /

•

UK / əˈveləbəl /

adjecitve
Present and able to be used
Able to be used at a scheduled time

certain

US / ˈsə:tn /

•

UK / ˈsɚtn /

adjecitve
Definite, fixed
Referring to an unspecified amount or quantity
Being sure about something; without doubt

immediately

US / ɪˈmi:diətli /

•

UK / ɪˈmidiɪtli /

adverb
Without any delay; straight away

safe

US / seɪf /

•

UK / sef /

noun
Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
adjecitve
Highly likely
Being out of danger

basic

US / 'beɪsɪk /

•

UK / ˈbesɪk /

adjecitve
At the most important or easiest (beginner) level

listen

US / ˈlɪsn /

•

UK / ˈlɪsən /

verb
To carefully consider what someone is saying

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

carrier

US / ˈkæriə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkæriɚ /

noun
A company, e.g. mail, airline, that carries things
Someone with a disease who gives it to another
someone who does not suffer from a disease but has the infection or genetic fault that causes it and

many

US / 'menɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛni /

determiner
Used to refer a large number of things

complicated

US / 'kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd /

•

UK / ˈkɑmplɪˌketɪd /

adjecitve
Difficult to do, understand or use
verb
To make more difficult to do, understand or use

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

attack

US / ə'tæk /

•

UK / əˈtæk /

noun
Act intended to hurt someone physically, mentally
verb
To try to destroy, beat, or injure

tow

US / təʊ /

•

UK / to /

noun
Pulling another vehicle; being pulled thus
verb
To pull a vehicle with ropes using another vehicle

authority

US / ɔ:ˈθɒrəti /

•

UK / əˈθɔrɪti, əˈθɑr-, ɔˈθɔr-, ɔˈθɑr- /

noun
The power to give orders to people
Person who is an expert on a particular topic
Expert knowledge on a given subject
The power to decide or approve things
a group of people who have the official power to make decisions

accident

US / ˈæksɪdənt /

•

UK / ˈæksɪdənt, -ˌdɛnt /

noun
Sudden unplanned event causing damage, injury etc.

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

point

US / pɔɪnt /

•

UK / pɔɪnt /

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

third

US / θɜ:d /

•

UK / θɜ:rd /

adjecitve
3rd: Number after second

heat

US / hi:t /

•

UK / hit /

noun
State of anger, excitement, or arguing
Particular temperature at which to cook something
High temperature
One of series of races to find the finalists
Hot temperature, conditions, or weather
verb
To make hot or hotter

shift

US / ʃɪft /

•

UK / ʃɪft /

adjecitve
(Of work) starting at a certain time, as at night
noun
A change in a persons plans, opinions or beliefs
Period of work starting at a certain time
verb
To change in position or direction
To move something from one place to another

marine

US / mə'ri:n /

•

UK / məˈrin /

adjecitve
Of the ocean or ocean plants and animals
Concerning sailing or doing business by sea
noun
Soldier trained to serve on land and sea

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

undertaking

US / ˌʌndəˈteɪkɪŋ /

•

UK / ˌʌndərˈteɪkɪŋ /

noun
Responsibility taken on; duty or task
verb
To begin; attempt; take on responsibility for

yearly

US / 'jɪəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈjɪrli /

adverb
Once a year; every 365 days

respond

US / rɪ'spɒnd /

•

UK / rɪˈspɑnd /

verb
To answer something or someone
To have a good reaction to e.g. medical treatment

deploy

US / dɪˈplɔɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈplɔɪ /

verb
To put into position (often a military operation)

story

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building
Account or description of how something happened

regulation

US / ˌregjuˈleɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌrɛɡjəˈleʃən /

noun
Act of controlling something with rules or orders
other

bumper

US / ˈbʌmpə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbʌmpɚ /

adjecitve
Large
noun
Front part of a car designed to prevent damage

negligence

US / ˈneglɪdʒəns /

•

UK / ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəns /

noun
Failure to give someone or something enough care

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

overcome

US / ˌəʊvə'kʌm /

•

UK / ˌovɚˈkʌm /

verb
To succeed in a struggle against; defeat

write

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

verb
To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
To invent or create a computer program
To create a song or piece of music

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

appear

US / ə'pɪə(r) /

•

UK / əˈpɪr /

verb
To be seen, become visible; come into sight
To seem to be
To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media

untrained

US / ˌʌnˈtreɪnd /

•

UK / ˌʌnˈtreɪnd /

adjecitve
Not educated in a particular subject
Not disciplined or conditioned by practice

either

US / ˈaɪðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈiðɚ, ˈaɪðɚ /

adjecitve
One of two (used when there is a choice of two)
adverb
(After negative statements) likewise, in addition
conjunction
Used as the first of two connected things
determiner
Used as the first of two connected things
pronoun
The one or the other

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

matter

US / 'mætə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmætɚ /

noun
Material all things are made of that fills space
Problem or reason for concern
verb
To be of great importance; to count

thick

US / θɪk /

•

UK / θɪk /

adjecitve
Difficult to see through, as fog
Full of (people, etc.)
(Of a liquid) that moves or pours slowly
Stupid; not smart
(Of person's accent) hard to understand
Having a large distance between two surfaces

continue

US / kən'tɪnju: /

•

UK / kənˈtɪnju /

verb
To do something without stopping, or after pausing
To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop

weather

US / 'weðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɛðɚ /

noun
Whether it is raining, sunny, cold etc. outside
verb
To successfully deal with a difficult situation
To erode or become damaged due to the environment

generate

US / ˈdʒenəreɪt /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛnəˌret /

verb
To create or be produced or bring into existence
To create electricity, heat, energy and power

middle

US / 'mɪdl /

•

UK / ˈmidl /

adjecitve
Equal distance from extremes
noun
Place that is halfway between two things

report

US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

•

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

noun
Account of the necessary facts and information
The telling of news in the media
Official statement about something
verb
To submit a report or bill to the government
To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
To state something officially
To officially present yourself to an authority
To describe something by telling it to others

operation

US / ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɑpəˈreʃən /

noun
Business or company, or its activities
Functioning; use
Medical procedure involving surgery

initiate

US / ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt /

•

UK / ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt /

verb
To cause something to begin
To allow someone into a group by a special ceremony

question

US / 'kwestʃən /

•

UK / ˈkwɛstʃən /

noun
Issue or problems you are dealing with
What you ask about; issue
verb
To ask for or try to get information
To have or express concerns or uncertainty

augie

US / /

•

UK / /

statement

US / ˈsteɪtmənt /

•

UK / ˈstetmənt /

noun
Record of activity in a bank account over time
Act or process of saying something formally

load

US / ləʊd /

•

UK / lod /

noun
Large, often heavy, amount of a thing to be moved
A burden; heavy responsibility
Many or much of something; a lot of
Items that fill a truck, machine
verb
To put in items for use (e.g. bullets in a gun)

limit

US / 'lɪmɪt /

•

UK / ˈlɪmɪt /

noun
Point beyond which it is not possible to go
verb
To stop or prevent an increase past a point

difficult

US / 'dɪfɪkəlt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlt, -kəlt /

adjecitve
Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it

ask

US / ɑ:sk /

•

UK / æsk /

verb
To say to someone that you want something

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

vent

US / vent /

•

UK / vɛnt /

noun
Opening allowing exit/entry of gas, steam etc.
Expression of feelings often of anger
verb
To express anger or grievance loudly/with feeling

max

US / mæks /

•

UK / mæks /

noun
Person's name
Short for 'maximum'

news

US / nju:z /

•

UK / nu:z /

noun
Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
Information about recent events

talk

US / tɔ:k /

•

UK / tɔk /

noun
Style of speaking
Discussion between two countries
Giving information in front of people; lecture
Saying things or ideas to someone with words
verb
To make a formal speech about something
To say things or ideas to someone with words

explode

US / ɪk'spləʊd /

•

UK / ɪkˈsplod /

verb
To express an emotion in a sudden and loud way
To increase in number or amount very quickly
To burst or cause to burst into pieces

thumb

US / θʌm /

•

UK / θʌm /

noun
Part of a glove that goes over the thumb
The short, thick finger on the side of your hand
verb
To use your thumb to request a ride in a car
To casually look through a book, magazine etc.

light

US / laɪt /

•

UK / laɪt /

adjecitve
Being bright making it easy to see; not dark
Being pale and lacking darkness of color
Not heavy; weighing only a little
adverb
Carrying few bags when traveling
noun
A source of energy that makes a room or area bright
Way in which something or someone is understood
verb
To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
To provide a way to see ahead

street

US / stri:t /

•

UK / strit /

noun
Road in a city with buildings and places to walk

system

US / 'sɪstəm /

•

UK / ˈsɪstəm /

adjecitve
Working in an organized, logical way
noun
Set of organized, planned ideas that work together

pursuant

US / pəˈsjuːənt /

•

UK / pərˈsuːənt /

adjecitve
In relation to

combination

US / ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌkɑmbəˈneʃən /

noun
Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
Act or result of mixing things together

amount

US / ə'maʊnt /

•

UK / əˈmaʊnt /

noun
Quantity of something
verb
To add up to a certain figure

stuff

US / stʌf /

•

UK / stʌf /

noun
Generic description for things, materials, objects
verb
To push material inside something, with force

pop

US / pɒp /

•

UK / pɑp /

adjecitve
Type of music or art popular with many people
noun
Sweet soda drink
verb
To cause something to open or burst suddenly
To go to or in a place for a brief period of time

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

alarm

US / əˈlɑ:m /

•

UK / əˈlɑ:rm /

noun
Sound or light used for a warning or alert
an alarm clock

responsible

US / rɪ'spɒnsəbl /

•

UK / rɪˈspɑnsəbəl /

adjecitve
Being the cause of something that has occurred
Having the duty of dealing with something
Able to be trusted to do what needs to be done

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

letter

US / 'letə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlɛtɚ /

noun
One of the 26 parts of the English alphabet
Message you put in an envelope and send by post

die

US / daɪ /

•

UK / daɪ /

noun
Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
verb
To cease to function or work
(Of a thing) to stop being used or done
(Of a person) to stop living

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

protection

US / prəˈtekʃn /

•

UK / prəˈtɛkʃən /

noun
Being kept from harm
Something that defends against harm or danger

salvage

US / 'sælvɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈsælvɪdʒ /

verb
To save damaged or discarded material
To do something to prevent a disaster

driver

US / ˈdraɪvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdraɪvɚ /

noun
People who move cattle from one place to another
Someone who operates a vehicle
A club with a wooden head used when playing golf

vehicle

US / ˈvi:əkl /

•

UK / ˈvi:hɪkl /

noun
Machine (such as a car) used to carry things
Means of expressing, showing, or achieving

subject

US / 'sʌbdʒɪkt /

•

UK / ˈsʌbdʒekt /

noun
Citizen of an area or country
The person or thing that does the action of a verb
People who take part in experiments or tests
An area of study at school, e.g. math, history
What a book, article etc. is about; theme
verb
To cause to suffer or experience something

coordinate

US / kəʊ'ɔ:dɪneɪt /

•

UK / ko'ɔrdəˈnet /

noun
Point on a map defining a location e.g. 135N, 34W
verb
To match styles or colors that go well together
To cause body parts to move smoothly together
To make plans to meet a shared goal
To bring order and organization to something

clarify

US / 'klærəfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈklærəˌfaɪ /

verb
To make a liquid become clear or pure
To state again so that a point is clearer

piece

US / pi:s /

•

UK / pis /

noun
A counter in a board game
Small part of something larger
verb
To put items together to assemble something

within

US / wɪˈðɪn /

•

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

adverb
Inside the limits of an area, time or range
preposition
From the inside of something

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

blame

US / bleɪm /

•

UK / blem /

noun
Act of saying someone did something bad
verb
To say someone is responsible for something bad

board

US / bɔ:d /

•

UK / bɔrd, bord /

noun
Surface for posting or showing information
Group of persons who direct an organization
Long piece of material used for riding the waves
Long thin piece of wood, used for building; plank
verb
To enter a ship, plane, or other vehicle
To cover with long wooden strips of wood
To pay money to live in someone's house; lodge

spokesperson

US / ˈspəukspə:sn /

•

UK / ˈspoksˌpɚsən /

noun
Advocate who represents another’s policy/purpose

unique

US / jʊ'ni:k /

•

UK / juˈnik /

adjecitve
Unlike other things; being the only one like it

black

US / blæk /

•

UK / blæk /

adjecitve
Color of the sky on a dark night
noun
A person with dark skin, often of African origin
Person's name
verb
To fill in something to make it a very dark color

toyota

US / ˈtɒksɪn /

•

UK / ˈtɑ:ksɪn /

recover

US / rɪ'kʌvə(r) /

•

UK / rɪ'kʌvər /

verb
To return to a prior normal condition
To get back something that was lost

per

US / pə(r) /

•

UK / pɚ /

preposition
In the manner directed or suggested
For each; during each

replace

US / rɪ'pleɪs /

•

UK / rɪˈples /

verb
To use instead of something else
To return an item to its original location

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

head

US / hed /

•

UK / hɛd /

noun
Counter for the number of cattle
Natural mental ability or intelligence
Leader or person with the greatest authority
Mind; mental ability; mental state
Side of a coin with a head on it
Top part of your body with eyes and a mouth
Starting point of something, e.g. a river
verb
To hit a ball with your head in a game
To be first or at the front or top (e.g. a list)
To travel or move toward a particular place; To go in a particular direction
To become the leader of something
To lead or be responsible for something

safety

US / ˈseɪfti /

•

UK / ˈsefti /

noun
Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
State of being free from harm or danger

exhaust

US / ɪɡ'zɔ:st /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzɔst /

noun
System of pipes through which gases escape
Waste gas from an engine, e.g. from a car
verb
To emit gas from the back of a car
To make a person feel very tired or without energy
To entirely use up a resource, possibilities etc.

member

US / ˈmembə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɛmbɚ /

noun
Part of the body of a human, animal
Person or thing belonging to a group or team

hatch

US / hætʃ /

•

UK / hætʃ /

noun
Door or covering to an opening in boat's deck
other
To be born or come out from an egg
verb
To be born or come out from an egg
To produce or create an idea or plan secretly

video

US / 'vɪdɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈvɪdiˌo /

adjecitve
Of a moving film, with sound
noun
Recording capturing action with sound
verb
To make a moving film of, with sound

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

ship

US / ʃɪp /

•

UK / ʃɪp /

noun
Large boat
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

operate

US / ˈɒpəreɪt /

•

UK / ˈɑ:pəreɪt /

verb
To control or handle something, such as a machine
To control or manage something such as a business
To be working or being used
To perform surgery on someone

gallon

US / ˈgælən /

•

UK / ˈɡælən /

noun
Unit of liquid equal to 4 US quarts (3.785 liters)

intensify

US / ɪn'tensɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɛnsəˌfaɪ /

verb
To make something stronger or more extreme

security

US / sɪ'kjʊərətɪ /

•

UK / sɪˈkjʊrɪtisə'kjurətɪ /

noun
Department in a company in charge of protection
Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
Person paid to protect property and people
Things done to protect people, buildings etc.
Condition of being safe from danger or harm

against

US / əˈgenst /

•

UK / əˈɡenst /

preposition
In physical contact with, as for support; next to
In opposition to; disagreeing with

quite

US / kwaɪt /

•

UK / kwaɪt /

adverb
Not very; fairly
Very; In a complete or total manner

amnesty

US / ˈæmnəsti /

•

UK / ˈæmnɪsti /

noun
Freedom given to someone who could be punished

wrangler

US / ˈræŋglə(r) /

•

UK / ˈræŋɡlɚ /

noun
Cowboy who takes care of the saddle horses

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

pack

US / pæk /

•

UK / pæk /

noun
Bag carried on the back of donkey, etc.
Group of people, animals, or objects
verb
To put things in a suitcase to go on a trip
To crowd a place with a large amount of things
To put something into a container to store it

type

US / taɪp /

•

UK / taɪp /

noun
Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
Group of things or people sharing common features
verb
To identify something belonging to a group
To write by touching keys on a keyboard

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

difficulty

US / ˈdɪfɪkəlti /

•

UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlti, -kəl- /

noun
Something that is hard to do

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

district

US / 'dɪstrɪkt /

•

UK / ˈdɪstrɪkt /

noun
Area of a country, city, or town

deceased

US / dɪˈsi:st /

•

UK / dɪˈsist /

adjecitve
Dead; not alive

berth

US / bɜ:θ /

•

UK / bɜ:rθ /

noun
A place to moor a ship
Sleeping area in a train or boat
verb
To tie a boat to the quay; to park a boat

style

US / staɪl /

•

UK / staɪl /

noun
The (tasteful) way something is designed or done
verb
To shape or design something in a certain way

lack

US / læk /

•

UK / læk /

noun
The state of not having or not having enough of
A shortage of something
verb
To not have, or not have enough, of something

sea

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Very large group of people, similar-looking things
Large body of salty water with land around it

operator

US / ˈɒpəreɪtə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɑ:pəreɪtə(r) /

noun
Someone who operates or controls a machine
Person whose job it is to connect phone calls

aware

US / əˈwɛə /

•

UK / əˈwɛr /

adjecitve
Knowing or feeling that something exists

storey

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

stevedore

US / ˈsti:vədɔ:(r) /

•

UK / 'sti:vədɔ:r /

noun
Laborer who loads and unloads vessels in a port

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

monthly

US / ˈmʌnθli /

•

UK / ˈmʌnθli /

adverb
Occurring about once every 4 weeks

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

require

US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

verb
To demand that someone does something
To need to do something, to make it necessary

block

US / blɒk /

•

UK / blɑk /

noun
Solid piece of material used for building
A piece of wood, chocolate etc.
Hard piece of wood, stone etc. with straight edges
Building made up of offices or apartments
Area of a city divided by four streets
verb
To stop from going forward or making progress

claim

US / kleɪm /

•

UK / klem /

noun
Demand for something that is believed to be due
Something said to be true when others don't agree
verb
To demand something that is believed to be due
To cause someone's life to come to an end
To say something is true when others may not agree

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

breach

US / bri:tʃ /

•

UK / britʃ /

verb
To break laws or barriers (e.g. walls)

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

search

US / sɜ:tʃ /

•

UK / sɜ:rtʃ /

noun
Examination of person to find something
Action to find an answer to a problem
Action of trying to find someone or something
verb
To examine a person's clothing to find something
To look for an answer or explanation to a problem
To look carefully for someone or something

civil

US / ˈsɪvl /

•

UK / ˈsɪvəl /

adjecitve
Of citizens of a country; not military, criminal
Acting in a polite, but not truly friendly manner

mainly

US / ˈmeɪnli /

•

UK / ˈmenli /

adverb
Mostly; usually; being the largest part

exceed

US / ɪk'si:d /

•

UK / ɪkˈsid /

verb
To be greater in number, degree than something
To go above or beyond a limit or rule

case

US / keɪs /

•

UK / kes /

noun
Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
Set of facts about a crime
Set of facts about an event
Example or instance of something
verb
To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

happen

US / 'hæpən /

•

UK / ˈhæpən /

verb
To take place or occur

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

secure

US / sɪ'kjʊə(r) /

•

UK / sɪˈkjʊr /

adjecitve
Being attached to something tightly and surely
(Place that is) locked, guarded and safe
verb
To get or achieve something with certainty
To firmly attach something to something else
To protect from danger or harm, keep things safe

highway

US / 'haɪweɪ /

•

UK / ˈhaɪˌwe /

noun
Main road connecting places

second

US / 'sekənd /

•

UK / ˈsɛkənd /

adjecitve
2nd; the one following first
noun
Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
Short period of time that you wait for someone
(Do) soon
verb
To agree to support a proposal at a meeting

hit

US / hɪt /

•

UK / hɪt /

noun
A planned killing, usually for money
Song, movie etc. that is successful
When someone strikes someone or something
Time when a player makes contact with the ball
Time when a website is accessed
verb
To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
To press something, such as a button or switch
To suddenly realize the importance of something
To move your hand, a bat, etc. against with force
To fight, attack or damage something or someone
To arrive at a specific place, level, or goal
To make contact with the ball in a game or sport

interesting

US / ˈɪntrəstɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ, -tərɪstɪŋ, -təˌrɛstɪŋ /

adjecitve
Taking your attention; making you want to know
verb
To make someone want to know about something
To persuade to do, become involved with something

hire

US / ˈhaɪə(r) /

•

UK / haɪr /

noun
Short term rental of something e.g. car, phone
verb
To give a job to someone in exchange for pay
To give the use of something in exchange for money

number

US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /

noun
Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
Particular song or dance performed during a show
Total quantity or amount of things
verb
To put numbers on things
To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set

great

US / ɡreɪt /

•

UK / ɡret /

adjecitve
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
adverb
Very good; better than before
noun
Successful and well-admired person

again

US / ə'ɡen /

•

UK / əˈɡɛn /

adverb
One more time, once more

fight

US / faɪt /

•

UK / faɪt /

noun
An argument or quarrel
Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
A struggle to do a difficult task
verb
To argue or quarrel with someone about something
To try to hurt someone by hitting them
To struggle to do a difficult task

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

ride

US / raɪd /

•

UK / raɪd /

noun
Machine at an amusement park for riding on for fun
Trip on a bicycle or a horse
verb
To travel in a particular vehicle as a passenger
To sit on and control a horse or vehicle

fire

US / 'faɪə(r) /

•

UK / faɪr /

noun
Heat and the flame produced when burning
Intense energy for or about something
verb
To apply heat to something to make it hard
To make a person leave their job; dismiss
To shoot a gun or weapon
To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
To start working on something e.g. a project

during

US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

preposition
At some point in the course of an event or thing

medium

US / 'mi:dɪəm /

•

UK / ˈmidiəm /

noun
Method of expressing ideas or feelings
Something available in a middle size or condition
Person who claims to communicate with the dead

action

US / 'ækʃn /

•

UK / ˈækʃən /

noun
Something that a person or thing does
verb
To act to do something

total

US / ˈtəʊtl /

•

UK / ˈtoʊtl /

adjecitve
Complete
noun
Whole number or amount of something
verb
To damage a car beyond repair

value

US / 'vælju: /

•

UK / ˈvælju /

noun
Importance you attach to something
Some information expressed as a number
Stated price of something; worth
verb
To place a high importance on something
To say how much money something is worth

sink

US / sɪŋk /

•

UK / sɪŋk /

noun
Large bowl in a kitchen or washroom for washing
verb
To push something down into the ground
To dig (a well)
To move down toward a lower point
To decrease in value or amount

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

felicity

US / fə'lɪsətɪ /

•

UK / fɪˈlɪsɪti /

noun
Pleasing and appropriate manner or style

priority

US / praɪ'ɒrətɪ /

•

UK / praɪˈɔrɪti, -ˈɑr- /

noun
Thing that is more important/urgent than others

catch

US / kætʃ /

•

UK / kætʃ, kɛtʃ /

noun
Amount of something that has been caught
Trick or something trying to deceive
verb
To stop something flying and hold it
To stop something and not let it go, e.g. animals
To get sick or get a disease from someone else
To find someone to do something, a task
To get stuck on or in something
To be trapped so you can’t escape
To be able to understand what someone is saying

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

tell

US / tel /

•

UK / tɛl /

verb
To (strongly) advise a person to do something
To be able to guess
To say or communicate information to someone
To inform, but without speaking; indicate
To have a negative effect on someone
To order someone to do something; command
To recognize something based on certain signs
To report something to an authority
To explain something or teach someone something

comment

US / 'kɒment /

•

UK / ˈkɑmɛnt /

noun
Something you say, giving an opinion; remark
verb
To say something that gives your opinion

state

US / steɪt /

•

UK / stet /

adjecitve
Concerning region within a country
noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in
verb
To say; declare as fact

legal

US / 'li:ɡl /

•

UK / ˈliɡəl /

adjecitve
Concerning the law; allowed by law

kind

US / kaɪnd /

•

UK / kaɪnd /

adjecitve
In a caring and helpful manner
friendly and considerate
noun
One type of thing

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

terminal

US / 'tɜ:mɪnl /

•

UK / ˈtɚmənəl /

adjecitve
(Of an illness, etc.) likely to lead to death
noun
Final stop or station for a bus, train or plane
Place where trips end or begin, like a train stop
other
End part of some structure or concept

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

follow

US / ˈfɔləu /

•

UK / ˈfɑlo /

verb
To come after someone; be guided by someone
To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
To be the logical result of something
To happen after something else happens
To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
To understand something happening or being said

five

US / faɪv /

•

UK / faɪv /

number
5

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

maintenance

US / 'meɪntənəns /

•

UK / ˈmentənəns /

noun
Keeping (a machine) working by checking and fixing

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

john

US / dʒɔn /

•

UK / dʒɑn /

noun
A toilet.
A prostitute's client.
proper noun
(1165–1216), son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine; king of England 1199–1216; known as John Lack
The name of six kings of Portugal.

dump

US / dʌmp /

•

UK / dʌmp /

verb
To end a romantic relationship
To put something somewhere without care
To throw away as waste
To get rid of unwanted things in an illegal manner

turn

US / tɜ:n /

•

UK / tɚn /

noun
Place where changing of direction happens
Your time or chance to perform a duty
Your chance to play or do in say a game
Unexpected change, as in the weather
verb
To become (a particular age)
To become a different quality, color, etc.
To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
To move in an opposite direction or position
To shape metal with a spinning tool

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

intense

US / ɪn'tens /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɛns /

adjecitve
Very strong, great or extreme in degree

deep

US / di:p /

•

UK / dip /

adjecitve
Complex and important
Extreme or intense
Going far down from the surface
Low in pitch, as a sound
adverb
At a certain distance beneath the surface

monoxide

US / mɒ'nɒksaɪd /

•

UK / məˈnɑkˌsaɪd /

noun
Oxide with one atom of oxygen per molecule

drown

US / draʊn /

•

UK / draʊn /

verb
To kill something by putting it under water
To make something very wet or cover it completely

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

may

US / meɪ /

•

UK / me /

noun
5th month of the year
other
Used to express a desire
Expresses permission, possibility or probability
Used to show that a thing could be true

entire

US / ɪn'taɪə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈtaɪr /

adjecitve
Complete or full; with no part left out; whole

live

US / lɪv /

•

UK / liv /

adjecitve
Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
Glowing because burning; hot
Not yet killed (for food)
adverb
(Music, drama) as it is performed
verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

pull

US / pʊl /

•

UK / pʊl /

noun
Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
Force something has that draws other things to it
Using your hands to move something to you
verb
To breathe in smoke, as from a pipe
To hold something and move it toward you
To remove something by force

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

finger

US / ˈfɪŋgə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɪŋɡɚ /

noun
One of the five long parts of the hand
verb
To touch something with the ends of the hands
To identify the person guilty of a crime

patreon

US / 'peɪʃənts /

•

UK / 'peɪʃənts /

lien

US / 'li:ən /

•

UK / lin, ˈliən /

noun
Law charge on property to satisfy a debt or duty

quote

US / kwəʊt /

•

UK / kwot /

noun
Written statement of the cost of something
The (often wise or famous) words of another person
verb
To tell someone how much a task will cost
To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

open

US / 'əʊpən /

•

UK / ˈopən /

adjecitve
Available for use; accessible
Not being hidden; available for others to see
Being available for customers to enter or use
Allowing everyone to use or take part in
Not secret anymore
Not closed or shut
Willing to accept new ideas and thoughts
noun
Name for a tennis or golf competition
verb
To make accessible or able to be used, e.g. road
To start the activities or services of a business
To make a space or hole appear in something
To move or change so that it is no longer closed
To start something, e.g. a new business

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

ones

US / wʌnz /

•

UK / wʌnz /

number
Number 1, a single person or thing

contact

US / 'kɒntækt /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌtækt /

adjecitve
Touching or feeling something
noun
Touching or feeling something
Object that allows electricity to run through it
Communication with someone or something
People who can give you information, introductions
verb
To get in touch with someone

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

term

US / tɜ:m /

•

UK / tɚm /

noun
Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
Length of time something is expected to happen
Fixed period of weeks for learning at school
The (precise) name given to something
verb
To call; give a name to

attempt

US / ə'tempt /

•

UK / əˈtɛmpt /

noun
Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
verb
To try to do something challenging or difficult

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

receive

US / rɪ'si:v /

•

UK / rɪˈsiv /

verb
To get something someone has given or sent to you
To allow someone to become a member (of a club)
To welcome someone as a guest into your home
To respond to (e.g. news) in a particular way

steal

US / sti:l /

•

UK / stil /

noun
A bargain; something bought very cheaply
Act of taking the ball or a base from another
verb
To move quietly or secretly to or from a place
To secretly take something that belongs to another

extinguish

US / ɪk'stɪŋɡwɪʃ /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ /

verb
To make something stop burning
To make something end or die

sal

US / sæl /

•

UK / sæl /

noun
A North Indian tree that yields hard, durable timber and dammar resin.

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

support

US / səˈpɔ:t /

•

UK / səˈpɔrt, -ˈport /

noun
Assistance or advice given to someone
Evidence that helps prove something is true
A thing to hold up or prevent from falling down
verb
To give assistance or advice to someone
To help prove or show that something is true
To hold up or prevent from falling down

july

US / dʒuˈlaɪ /

•

UK / dʒʊˈlaɪ /

noun
7th month of the year

register

US / 'redʒɪstə(r) /

•

UK / ˈrɛdʒɪstɚ /

noun
Till; machine used add up things you buy
Range of notes of a person's (singing) voice
verb
To record your name on an official list; sign up
To show an amount on a measurement device
(Of feelings) to show or make visible

neutral

US / ˈnju:trəl /

•

UK / ˈnu:trəl /

adjecitve
Something with pH value of 7
Having no positive or negative electrical charge
Not supporting either side in a war, etc.
Not taking either side in a debate; not involved
noun
Color that is dull and not bright, such as gray
The rest position for gears in a car or vehicle
Person/country not supporting a side in a war, etc.

fuel

US / 'fju:əl /

•

UK / ˈfjuəl /

noun
Material used to produce heat or power when burned
verb
To give power to (a mob, anger, etc.); incite
To provide gas or petrol for something

hose

US / həʊz /

•

UK / hoʊz /

noun
Tube that carries a liquid
Socks, stockings, pantyhose etc.
verb
To wet or clean something with a hose

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

exterior

US / ɪkˈstɪəriə(r) /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɪriɚ /

adjecitve
External; of the outside part
noun
Outside layer or surface
Way a person appears or seems to other people

cut

US / kʌt /

•

UK / kʌt /

noun
Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
verb
To reduce the size or amount of something
To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

involve

US / ɪn'vɒlv /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɑlv /

verb
To have or be included as a part of something

understand

US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

verb
To know the meaning of language, what someone says

necessary

US / 'nesəsərɪ /

•

UK / ˈnɛsɪˌsɛri /

adjecitve
Needed or required; unavoidable

formula

US / 'fɔ:mjələ /

•

UK / ˈfɔrmjələ /

noun
A mathematical or scientific rule
Plan, rule or method for doing or making something

africa

US / 'æfrɪkə /

•

UK / ˈæfrɪkə /

noun
Continent between the Atlantic and Indian oceans

whether

US / ˈweðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

conjunction
If something will happen or not

fault

US / fɔ:lt /

•

UK / fɔlt /

noun
A failure or negative aspect of
Crack in the earth where earthquakes can happen
Responsibility for a bad result or problem
verb
To blame someone, something for a negative result

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

canadian

US / kəˈneɪdiən /

•

UK / kəˈnediən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Canada
noun
Person from Canada

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

notify

US / 'nəʊtɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈnotəˌfaɪ /

verb
To inform; to communicate specific information

fix

US / fɪks /

•

UK / fɪks /

noun
Answer to a problem
verb
To arrange or prepare something
To attach something so it will not move or change
To dishonestly arrange the result of a game
To make an animal unable to produce young
To make something whole or able to work again

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

limitation

US / ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌlɪmɪˈteʃən /

noun
Act of controlling or reducing the size of

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

repair

US / rɪˈpeə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈper /

noun
How well cared for a thing is; physical condition
Action to fix or restore something that is broken
verb
To fix or restore something that is broken
To fix or correct the damage that one has caused

supplementary

US / ˌsʌplɪˈmentri /

•

UK / ˌsʌplɪˈmentri /

adjecitve
Functioning in a supporting capacity

nature

US / 'neɪtʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnetʃɚ /

noun
Person's character or particular way of behaving
Basic look, feel or function of something
Physical world, including plants, animals, rocks

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

responsibility

US / rɪˌspɒnsə'bɪlətɪ /

•

UK / rɪˌspɑnsəˈbɪlɪti /

noun
Job, task or thing you are expected to look after
A thing to be done because it is morally correct
State of being dependable or reliable

asset

US / 'æset /

•

UK / ˈæsˌɛt /

noun
Thing that has value to you

captain

US / 'kæptɪn /

•

UK / ˈkæptən /

noun
Title of a senior officer in the military
Person in charge of a team, a ship or an airplane
verb
To be in charge of a team, ship or airplane

tackle

US / 'tækl /

•

UK / ˈtækəl /

noun
Equipment used in fishing
Arrangement of ropes and wheels used for lifting
Attempt to force a person to the ground
verb
To start working on a difficult problem
To grab and throw a person to the ground

costa

US / 'kɒstə /

•

UK / 'kɒstə /

other
A riblike part of a plant or animal (such as a middle rib of a leaf or a thickened vein of an insect

very

US / 'verɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛri /

adjecitve
Concerning a large degree or amount
adverb
A lot; much; many
Used to stress or emphasize a noun

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

augusto

US / ˌɔˈgʌstoʊ /

•

UK / /

thank

US / θæŋk /

•

UK / θæŋk /

verb
To tell someone you are grateful to them

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

bit

US / bɪt /

•

UK / bɪt /

noun
Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
Small piece of something
verb
(E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

modify

US / ˈmɒdɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɑ:dɪfaɪ /

verb
To make minor change to something

freight

US / freɪt /

•

UK / fret /

noun
Commercial transportation of goods

cap

US / kæp /

•

UK / kæp /

noun
Covering for the end or top of something
Small, soft hat often with a front visor or shade
An upper limit on the amount of (e.g. budget)
verb
To cover the top or end of an object
To limit the amount of usage of something

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

confusing

US / kənˈfju:zɪŋ /

•

UK / kənˈfjuzɪŋ /

adjecitve
Being hard to understand
verb
To make something unclear or hard to understand

miss

US / mɪs /

•

UK / mɪs /

noun
Action of not hitting something or someone
Form of address to unmarried girl or woman
verb
To be absent
To fail to hit something e.g. a ball
To do without something
To fail to see or sense something
To fail to understand someone's message
To be too late to ride on something e.g. train
To feel you want to see someone who is not there

room

US / ru:m /

•

UK / rum, rʊm /

noun
All of the people inside a particular room
Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
verb
To share a home with someone

background

US / ˈbækgraʊnd /

•

UK / ˈbækˌɡraʊnd /

noun
Images, color, or information behind the main one
Someone's personal work and educational history
A position not as important as the main event
Past events that influence things in the present

main

US / meɪn /

•

UK / men /

adjecitve
Most important; most often used

act

US / ækt /

•

UK / ækt /

noun
What someone did; action; behavior
A law or rule passed by a government we must obey
One of the parts that a stage play is divided into
verb
To behave in a certain way
To perform on a stage or in a movie

believe

US / bɪ'li:v /

•

UK / bɪˈliv /

verb
To think or accept that something is true
To have a particular opinion about something

due

US / dju: /

•

UK / du, dju /

adjecitve
When something is required or expected
Owed to a person as a right
noun
Something you deserve; something you can expect

wednesday

US / ˈwenzdeɪ /

•

UK / ˈwenzdeɪ /

noun
Third day of the week; the day after Tuesday

electric

US / ɪˈlektrɪk /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛktrɪk /

adjecitve
Creating a feeling of excitement
Using electricity

allege

US / əˈledʒ /

•

UK / əˈlɛdʒ /

verb
To state without proof

court

US / kɔ:t /

•

UK / kɔrt, kort /

noun
Place king or queen meet people, makes laws etc.
Place where legal cases are decided
Large, flat area, to play tennis or basketball
verb
To act in a way to shows you wish to marry someone
To encourage dangerous behavior
To pay attention to someone to get their support

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

result

US / rɪ'zʌlt /

•

UK / rɪˈzʌlt /

noun
Something produced through tests or experiments
Final score of a competition, election or game
verb
To be the outcome of other causes and effects

death

US / deθ /

•

UK / dɛθ /

noun
When someone dies; the end of life

firefighter

US / ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfaɪərfaɪtə(r) /

noun
Person whose job is stopping and putting out fires

empty

US / 'emptɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛmpti /

adjecitve
Containing nothing; with no contents
Without emotions, feelings, meaning or force
noun
Item, e.g. a bottle, whose contents have been used
verb
To remove the contents from something

huge

US / hju:dʒ /

•

UK / hjudʒ /

adjecitve
Very very large

department

US / dɪˈpɑ:tmənt /

•

UK / dɪˈpɑ:rtmənt /

noun
Division of a larger part or organization

post

US / pəʊst /

•

UK / post /

noun
Message delivered or shared in an online group
Piece of wood, metal in the ground for support
Job or position within an organization or company
Place where a soldier, etc. is ordered to go
verb
To send a letter or package using stamps
To share a message on an internet discussion group
To send a soldier somewhere to do a job
To put a message in public for everyone to see

issue

US / 'ɪʃu: /

•

UK / ˈɪʃu /

noun
Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
Single edition of a magazine
verb
To make something available to be used or sold
To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

ventilation

US / ˌventɪ'leɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌvɛntlˈeʃən /

noun
Act of supplying fresh air to get rid of bad air

hey

US / heɪ /

•

UK / he /

exclamation
What you say when you want someone's attention

base

US / beɪs /

•

UK / bes /

noun
Place military personnel live, train, and operate
Bottom part of an object that touches a surface
Unit of counting, e.g. 10 for counting
Most important idea or ingredient to add others
Origin or start from which something came
Main place where an organization or a person works
verb
To use as the starting point or origin for
To have as the main location for (company, etc.)

call

US / kɔ:l /

•

UK / kɔl /

noun
A order or request for action
The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
A short visit to a place or person
A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
verb
To make a request or order for action
(Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
To announce the date of an election
To make a judgment about something
To give someone or something a name
To guess in advance the result or outcome
To visit a place or person for a short time
To phone someone
To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

seat

US / si:t /

•

UK / sit /

noun
Place where a government or organization is based
A chair or place to sit
Official position in an organization
Part of a chair on which a person sits
verb
To have seats available for a number of people
To give someone a place to sit down

theirs

US / ðɛəz /

•

UK / ðɛrz /

pronoun
Belonging to them

arise

US / əˈraɪz /

•

UK / əˈraɪz /

verb
To stand up
To result or happen due to a particular event

gauge

US / ɡeɪdʒ /

•

UK / ɡedʒ /

noun
A tool used to measure things
verb
To measure or make a judgment about something

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

stern

US / stɜ:n /

•

UK / stɜ:rn /

adjecitve
Being very severe, strict, or serious
Not likely to change, weaken or give in
noun
Back part of a ship or boat

lease

US / li:s /

•

UK / lis /

noun
Contract renting land, buildings, etc. to another
verb
To rent; pay money to use something, e.g. car

electrical

US / ɪˈlektrɪkl /

•

UK / ɪˈlektrɪkl /

adjecitve
Related or connected to electricity

estate

US / ɪˈsteɪt /

•

UK / ɪˈstet /

noun
A large piece of land, usually with a large house
Group of houses all built at the same time

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

leave

US / li:v /

•

UK / liv /

noun
Permission to do something
Vacation time; time off work
verb
To go away from; depart
To gift property to someone after you die
To allow something to continue happening
To let something remain unused or available
To let something or someone remain somewhere

button

US / 'bʌtn /

•

UK / ˈbʌtn /

noun
Small round piece material used to fasten clothing
Switch activated by pressing
verb
To fasten e.g. a shirt, coat

large

US / lɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

adjecitve
Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

US / ʃeə(r) /

•

UK / ʃɛr /

noun
Part-ownership in a property, business or company
Part of a company you own, shown by a certificate
verb
To divide something between two or more people
To allow others to use your things equally
To give information, etc. to someone

front

US / frʌnt /

•

UK / frʌnt /

adjecitve
Opposite of back; the forward part of an object
noun
Behavior not showing a person's true feelings
Area where fighting in a war is happening
Place where air of different temperatures meets
verb
To have the forward part facing something
To lead a group of people, usually a band

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

legislation

US / ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌlɛdʒɪˈsleʃən /

noun
Act or process of writing and passing laws

effort

US / ˈefət /

•

UK / ˈɛfət /

noun
Amount of work used trying to do something

hope

US / həʊp /

•

UK / hop /

noun
When you wish something will happen; what you wish
verb
To expect and want something to happen

literally

US / ˈlɪtərəli /

•

UK / ˈlɪtərəli /

adverb
So as to express the exact meaning of something
Used to say something is true, even if unlikely

channel

US / 'tʃænl /

•

UK / ˈtʃænəl /

noun
Long hole dug in the ground, e.g. to move water
TV or radio station or its programs
Method or way of sending or receiving information
Narrow passage through which water travels
Method or route used for sending or getting things
verb
To dig a long hole for carrying water
To send (e.g. money) to a certain place or person
To direct water or liquid through a passage
To direct energy or feelings into something

cooperation

US / kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / koˌɑpəˈreʃən /

noun
Working together to get something done

destine

US / ˈdestɪn /

•

UK / ˈdestɪn /

verb
Decree or designate beforehand

lot

US / lɒt /

•

UK / lɑt /

noun
What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
A group of people seen together
Item for sale at an auction
Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

arrive

US / əˈraɪv /

•

UK / əˈraɪv /

verb
To reach the place you are traveling to

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

far

US / fɑ:(r) /

•

UK / fɑr /

adjecitve
A long way away
Being a long way away
adverb
To a large degree or extent

form

US / fɔ:m /

•

UK / fɔrm /

noun
Sports team or person's current winning record
Document you complete when making an application
Visible shape or style; type; kind
verb
To organize something such as a club or group
To develop; to come into a shape or substance
To make something into a particular shape

ton

US / tʌn /

•

UK / tʌn /

noun
Unit of weight; 907 kilograms (US); 1016 (UK)

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

decide

US / dɪ'saɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

verb
To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
To make a legal judgment in court
to affect the result of something

couple

US / 'kʌpl /

•

UK / ˈkʌpəl /

noun
Two people in a romantic relationship
Two of something; two people; a pair
verb
To join something to something else
(Two animals) to engage in sexual relations
To put two people or things together

along

US / əˈlɒŋ /

•

UK / əˈlɔ:ŋ /

adverb
As a companion; taken with someone
preposition
At a point on a line

intact

US / ɪn'tækt /

•

UK / ɪn'tækt /

adjecitve
Being complete, without damaged or missing parts

company

US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

•

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

noun
Good feeling from being with someone else
A business that sells things or provides services
Guests, especially in your home
Being with another person rather than alone

abandon

US / ə'bændən /

•

UK / əˈbændən /

noun
Wild, carefree behavior
verb
To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
To withdraw your support, or leave someone
To stop doing or having (hope, plans); give up
To leave a place, car and not go back
To surrender to a desire, with little self-control

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

wave

US / weɪv /

•

UK / wev /

noun
Movement of sound, air or energy
Deep and strong emotion that is suddenly felt
Slightly curved shape in hair
Frequency of movement of objects together
Up and down movement of water in a lake or sea
Signal with your hand to say hello or goodbye
verb
To cause to move side to side or back and forth
To swing back and forth as a result of the wind
To move your hand or arm to say hello or goodbye

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

claimant

US / ˈkleɪmənt /

•

UK / ˈklemənt /

noun
Someone who claims a benefit, right or title

release

US / rɪ'li:s /

•

UK / rɪ'li:s /

noun
Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
verb
To free someone from a responsibility or burden
To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
To let go of something you are holding

pension

US / ˈpenʃn /

•

UK / ˈpɛnʃən /

noun
Regular payments you receive after you retire

maintain

US / meɪn'teɪn /

•

UK / menˈten /

verb
To keep saying something a certain way
To keep (machine) working by checking, repairing
To keep, exist or continue without changing

newark

US / ˈnuərk /

•

UK / /

proper noun
A city in northwestern Delaware, home to the University of Delaware; population 29,886 (est. 2008).
An industrial city in New Jersey; population 278,980 (est. 2008).
An industrial and commercial city in central Ohio; population 47,236 (est. 2008).

local

US / ˈləʊkl /

•

UK / ˈloʊkl /

adjecitve
Relating to a particular area, city, or town
noun
Bus or train, that stops at most stations
People who live in the area being discussed
The pub you most frequently go to

variety

US / və'raɪətɪ /

•

UK / vəˈraɪɪti /

noun
Particular type of thing or person

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

another

US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

•

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

adjecitve
One more, but not this
determiner
One more added
pronoun
One more (thing)

zone

US / zəʊn /

•

UK / zoʊn /

noun
Area of space designated for a particular use
verb
To divide an area for a particular reason

owner

US / ˈəʊnə(r) /

•

UK / ˈoʊnə(r) /

noun
Person who owns or has something

mad

US / mæd /

•

UK / mæd /

adjecitve
Very angry
Enthusiastic about something
Being or acting wildly and uncontrollably

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

calculate

US / 'kælkjʊleɪt /

•

UK / ˈkælkjəˌlet /

verb
To find an answer using mathematics
To make an educated guess about something

onto

US / ˈɒntə /

•

UK / ˈɑnˌtu, -tə, ˈɔn- /

preposition
Towards a certain direction/into a certain area

clear

US / klɪə(r) /

•

UK / klɪr /

adjecitve
Empty; without anything in it or on it
Being certain and without doubt
Being without any streaks, spots, or cracks
Easy to understand; well-explained; obvious
adverb
Completely; entirely; through the whole of
Away from; free from
verb
To recover from or remove a problem
To get rid of the entire contents of
To give permission for something to happen
To make a place or surface empty by removing
To prove that someone is not guilty or to blame

social

US / ˈsəuʃəl /

•

UK / ˈsoʃəl /

adjecitve
Involving activity with people, e.g. in free time
Liking being with other people; friendly
Living together and depending on each other

moment

US / 'məʊmənt /

•

UK / 'moʊmənt /

noun
Very short or brief period of time
A particular period in time

enjoy

US / ɪnˈdʒɔɪ /

•

UK / ɛnˈdʒɔɪ /

verb
To take pleasure in something

notice

US / 'nəʊtɪs /

•

UK / ˈnotɪs /

noun
Time by when you must leave, e.g. if you are fired
Paper with an announcement, e.g. pinned to a board
verb
To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing

full

US / fʊl /

•

UK / fʊl /

adjecitve
Containing all the parts; complete
Containing or holding as much as possible
Having had enough food
adverb
In a direct manner; completely

dangerous

US / ˈdeɪndʒərəs /

•

UK / ˈdendʒərəs /

adjecitve
Involving the chance of hurt or damage; risky

store

US / stɔ:(r) /

•

UK / stɔr, stor /

noun
Place where things are kept for future use
Place where you can go to buy things
verb
To put things in a place for later use

legally

US / 'li:ɡəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈliɡl:ɪ /

adverb
In a way that is allowed by or related to laws

blaze

US / bleɪz /

•

UK / blez /

noun
Bright light, as from a burning fire
a sudden show of very strong feeling
verb
(Of a fire) to burn brightly
(Of the sun, etc.) to shine brightly
to make news or information widely known by telling people about it in a way they are sure to notice

superstructure

US / ˈsu:pəstrʌktʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsu:pərstrʌktʃə(r) /

noun
Part of a ship abovethe main deck

break

US / breɪk /

•

UK / brek /

noun
Time you stop an activity before continuing
End of a relationship
An escape from a place such as a jail
(Lucky) advantage or benefit from something
Find a solution or answer to a problem or crime
Change in the weather
verb
To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
To form a crack in something
To burst or become damaged
To end a relationship
To escape from a place such as a jail
To train a wild animal e.g. a horse
To separate into pieces by force, or by dropping
To act against a law, rule, or promise
To become known suddenly, as in the news
To not do what you promised e.g. not keep promises
To solve a crime, or answer a problem
To stop functioning properly
To suddenly start, open or commence
To change in pitch suddenly, as in a voice
To fall on the shore, as in waves
To begin or change suddenly; the dawn or weather
To defeat by causing the person to lose their will

interior

US / ɪn'tɪərɪə(r) /

•

UK / ɪnˈtɪriɚ /

adjecitve
Being the inside part of a building, car etc.
noun
Part of country that is far from the border, coast
Remote central area of a continent

injury

US / 'ɪndʒərɪ /

•

UK / ˈɪndʒəri /

noun
Physical or emotional harm or damage

smoke

US / sməʊk /

•

UK / smoʊk /

noun
Grey gas from fires and cigarettes
Fog of air coming from e.g. a cigarette, fire
verb
To give off a cloud of grey gas from burning
To add a taste to food by putting it near a fire
To breathe in through a cigarette, etc.

trunk

US / trʌŋk /

•

UK / trʌŋk /

noun
Long nose of an elephant
Trunks shorts worn for swimming
Strong box/chest/container, as for traveling
Main thick and woody stem of a tree

brook

US / brʊk /

•

UK / brʊk /

noun
Small river

timeline

US / 'taɪmlaɪn /

•

UK / 'taɪmlaɪn /

noun
Sequence of related events arranged in time order

prior

US / 'praɪə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpraɪɚ /

adjecitve
Existing or coming earlier in time
(Of a claim, etc.) more important than another one
noun
Monk or priest in charge of a monastery

discovery

US / dɪ'skʌvərɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈskʌvəri /

noun
Learning something for the first time

incident

US / ˈɪnsɪdənt /

•

UK / ˈɪnsɪdənt /

noun
Event, usually unusual or important; accident

via

US / ˈvaɪə /

•

UK / ˈvaɪə, ˈviə /

preposition
By the means of using something
By going through, by way of

properly

US / ˈprɔpəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈprɑːpərli /

adverb
In an appropriate or correct manner

accord

US / ə'kɔ:d /

•

UK / əˈkɔ:rd /

noun
Agreement or harmony
An agreement or treaty between countries
verb
To be in harmony or agreement; consent
To give (someone) the respect due to them

filing

US / ˈfaɪlɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈfaɪlɪŋ /

verb
To make something smooth by rubbing it with a tool
To organize documents by storing them safely
To submit legal documents to an authority

guard

US / ɡɑ:d /

•

UK / ɡɑrd /

noun
Someone who watches a place or prevents escapes
verb
To keep watch over something to protect it

unfold

US / ʌn'fəʊld /

•

UK / ʌnˈfold /

other
To happen, be told or be revealed
verb
(Of a situation) to be told or revealed
To open something that was folded
To move apart two things such as your two arms

coast

US / kəʊst /

•

UK / kost /

noun
Land near the sea or ocean
verb
To progress in something without trying hard
(Of a vehicle) to move forward without power

federal

US / 'fedərəl /

•

UK / ˈfɛdərəl, ˈfɛdrəl /

adjecitve
Consisting of several united states

investigation

US / ɪnˌvestɪ'ɡeɪʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˌvɛstɪˈɡeʃən /

noun
Search for information about something

handle

US / 'hændl /

•

UK / ˈhændl /

noun
The part of a door you hold to open it
Thing you hold to carry or open a bag, pan etc.
verb
To cope with or take responsibility for
To control a machine, car etc.
To control or be controlled /used in a certain way
To deal with a particular situation/person; manage
To buy, sell, or move materials or goods
To hold, control, or use something with the hands
To touch objects with the hands to look at them

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

port

US / pɔ:t /

•

UK / pɔrt, port /

noun
City where ships can shelter during a storm
Left side of a ship when facing forward
Opening in a computer where wires can be connected
Sweet wine that is produced in Portugal
verb
To move data from one computer system to another

initially

US / ɪˈnɪʃəli /

•

UK / ɪˈnɪʃəli /

adverb
At first; originally

air

US / eə(r) /

•

UK / er /

noun
Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
A person's manner intended to impress others
verb
To expose to the outside, to dry or freshen
To broadcast a TV or radio show
To open a subject to discussion and debate

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

inspection

US / ɪnˈspekʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˈspɛkʃən /

noun
Official examination to make sure everything is ok

shipping

US / ˈʃɪpɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈʃɪpɪŋ /

noun
Business of transporting goods or orders to places
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

six

US / sɪks /

•

UK / sɪks /

number
6

car

US / kɑ:(r) /

•

UK / kɑr /

noun
A vehicle with wheels and engine to carry people

gran

US / ɡræn /

•

UK / ɡræn /

noun
Your mother or father's mother

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

process

US / prə'ses /

•

UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /

noun
Dealing with official forms in the way required
Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
verb
To organize and use data in a computer
To deal with official forms in the way required
To prepare by treating something in a certain way
To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
To convert by putting something through a machine

month

US / mʌnθ /

•

UK / mʌnθ /

noun
One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year

information

US / ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɪnfɚˈmeʃən /

noun
Collection of facts and details about something

loss

US / lɒs /

•

UK / lɔ:s /

noun
Friend, family, or other loved person's death
Decrease or decline in quantity or amount
Experience or state of failing to have or keep
A situation when you lose a game
Process of failing to have or keep something
Difficulty or trouble caused by someone's leaving
Situation when more money is spent than is earned

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

remember

US / rɪ'membə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈmɛmbɚ /

verb
To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
To hold a thought in your mind to not forget it
To bring a previous image or idea to your mind

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

US / nekst /

•

UK / nɛkst /

adverb
The one that follows another in time or order
At a time or place directly after the present one
noun
The one that follows after
adjecitve
Immediately after the previous one
First occurrence after the present one

quickly

US / ˈkwɪkli /

•

UK / ˈkwɪklɪ /

adverb
Without taking a lot of time; fast

assert

US / ə'sɜ:t /

•

UK / əˈsɚt /

verb
To state or declare your ideas positively strongly

smith

US / smɪθ /

•

UK / smɪθ /

noun
Someone who works hot metal to make things
Someone who works hot metal by hammering it
other
Religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in
Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in )
Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade
Someone who works at something specified

firefighting

US / 'faɪəfaɪtɪŋ /

•

UK / 'faɪəfaɪtɪŋ /

noun
Act of fighting fires (as a job)
verb
To act to put out fires (as a firefighter)

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

problem

US / ˈprɒbləm /

•

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

adjecitve
Causing trouble
noun
Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
Question to show understanding of a math concept

Subtitles section

On today's episode of What's Going On With Shipping, we have the cause of the Newark ship fire.

Hi, I'm your host, Sal Mercagliano.

Welcome to today's episode.

So Gran Costa d'Avorio, the ship that caught fire on July 5th up in the port of Newark, has been a subject of this channel quite a bit.

We've done a lot of videos on this, not just because it's a ship and had a fire, or it's a car carrier and there's a lot of debate about cars being loaded on ships, but mainly because two Newark firefighters died on board this vessel.

And the reason for the fire on board has now been released via the company Grimaldi in establishing its liability for the fire.

We're going to examine that through a story by Greg Miller over on Freight Waves.

If you're new to the channel, hey, take a moment, subscribe to the channel and hit the bell so you'll be alerted about new stories as they come in.

So this is a story on Freight Waves, Newark ship blaze blamed on Ports America.

Ports America is a terminal operator across the United States.

They don't own the ports, but they operate the terminals.

Ports America has been in the news for a variety of reasons, not the least of which is a lot of foreign companies have been trying to buy them.

The latest of which was a Canadian pension company.

But the fire is blamed on a Ports America owned loaded vehicle.

Grimaldi, the ship owner, filed its limits of liability and in it, it accounted for the cause of the fire.

So let's take a look here at Greg's story.

So the fire started on board the ship due to one of Ports America's own Jeep Wranglers being used to load non-working vehicles, according to Grimaldi Deep Seas.

Now this blaze resulted in the fire on board on July 5th.

The death of firefighters Augusto, Augie Akebu and Wayne Bullbrooks Jr. during those operations.

There were 1,200 vehicles on board the ship.

The ship was destined for West Africa.

The ship had no, no electric vehicles on board.

So we don't need to have the EV fight in the comment section.

This ship was loading new and used vehicles and it's the used vehicles that's a large part of this problem along with what was being used to load them.

Port Newark is leased and operated by Ports America.

Grand Costa Devoria was at the berth and a stevedoring company, this is a company that's hired to move the vehicles on and off and last them was called American Marine Services.

In the court filing on Wednesday, Grimaldi said this, quote, AMS, American Marine Services was loading used vehicle cargoes aboard the vessel and used a 2007 Jeep Wrangler to push non-running vehicles aboard.

So there are three types of vehicles on board this ship.

There are a combination of new and used, but more importantly, there are the ones that run.

You can get in, turn the key or hit the button and drive it up.

Great.

Stevedors do that.

There is a second type vehicle that doesn't run that has to be pushed by another vehicle up, pop it in the neutral and roll it up there.

And third, there were vehicles that just won't move, in which case they got to be picked up and physically moved and dumped on the ship.

American Marine Services used this 2007 Jeep Wrangler.

And according to Grimaldi,

Ports America's Jeep Wrangler was responsible for its, excuse me, Ports America owned Jeep Wrangler and was responsible for its maintenance, repair and safe operation condition.

AMS, through its employees, operated the Jeep Wrangler and had certain maintenance and repair responsibilities for its safe operations.

All right.

2007 Jeep Wrangler.

This is not a vehicle you'll see riding up and down the streets of Newark.

These are vehicles being used that are usually no longer road or street legal.

They've been involved in accidents.

They can't pass an inspection.

And so you modify them into kind of a Mad Max style vehicle to be able to push vehicles, put big bumpers on the front and stevedores drive that vehicle while pushing another vehicle up the ramps.

That's what was happening.

And according to the report here that Greg has says, a fire started on the underside of the Jeep Wrangler while it was being driven by an AMS employee and they were pushing a non-running Toyota Venza from the terminal to deck 10 onto the vessel.

So you're pushing in the interior of the vessel.

All of a sudden the Jeep Wrangler starts to smoke and fire happens.

What's not clear in the report or in this news story from Greg is what kind of fire prevention and protection they had for Ports America and AMS.

Were there fire extinguishers readily available?

Did they try to extinguish the fire?

Did they have a response crew to respond to these?

It's not clear this Jeep Wrangler was being inspected in terms of being road legal, but what type of maintenance and inspections were being done by Ports America and AMS on this vehicle?

What we do find out is the fire quickly enveloped the Jeep Wrangler, generated thick black smoke.

Remember, you're in the interior of a ship.

There's nowhere for this ventilation to go.

You've got big blowers going on, but that's to handle carbon monoxide coming from road exhaust, not for a burning vehicle.

So you have black smoke, you have an intense heat, and the drivers and lashers immediately left the vessel.

Now there should have been an alarm go off.

The ship's crew should have been notified.

Again, what's the responsibility of the stevedores to initially try to get a handle on it?

According to Grimaldi, the ship's crew members attempted to extinguish the fire, but it quickly spread and intensified.

So big question here on this, what did they do to extinguish it?

Did they use fire hoses?

Did they use portable extinguishers?

We know, I know at least, that they used the ship's fixed CO2 system.

The question is, when was it discharged?

So for this ship, the ship is broken up into zones, and zone three is the zone right here, the big huge block on the stern of the vessel.

This is deck six up until the weather deck.

Now to deploy CO2 on a ship, you have to do a couple of things.

Number one, you have to secure the ventilation and all the hatches.

That had not been done because they were in the middle of a loading operation.

So you would have to secure everything.

I know for a fact that the topside weather deck ramp right here, where this light brown smoke is coming out, was not secured, meaning that there was smoke billowing out and air billowing out of this,

Which means that if you use the CO2, it's going to vent out of there.

I know that on board, they did deploy the CO2 to the point that some of the firefighters on board did not know that, and they opened up hatches and were literally overcome by CO2.

But it's the timeline that I have a question with right now.

So we know the Newark firefighters came on board, and this is one of the reasons why it makes sense for Akabu and Brooks to be on Deck 10 and trying to hit this vehicle because this vehicle was the start of the fire.

And this appears to be what happened.

The local firefighters arrived, Akabu and Brooks were reported missing, and then the priority shifted to search and rescue.

It goes on here.

After the two missing firefighters recovered, Newark firefighters left the ship, Grimaldi said.

The ship's crew continued their own efforts until the morning of July 6th.

Okay, let's clarify that statement for a minute.

Okay.

It's not like they abandoned the vessel.

They decided to pull out of the ship and do an exterior attack.

They saw no reason to risk lives any further on board the ship, and they decided to do a basic surround and drown and keep the fire contained.

But by that time, the fire had spread to other decks, and the captain ordered the crew to leave the ship.

At which point, by the way, Grimaldi had contacted a salvage company.

They contacted Don John Smith, one of the best salvage companies in the world, to take over the salvage of the vessel and to initiate the firefighting.

Freight Waves asked Port America for a comment on this.

A spokesperson responded, quote, Ports America is aware of the following by Grimaldi.

We continue to provide the U.S. Coast Guard with our full support and cooperation on its ongoing confidential investigation into this matter.

Accordingly, we are unable to provide further comment at this time.

So yes, Ports America is not going to say their vehicle is the cause of the fire, because then they assume the entire liability.

Because what's happening right now is Grimaldi is trying to limit its liability, and it initiated a filing under what's called the Limitation of Liability Act.

And the Limitation of Liability Act is a confusing piece of marine legislation.

This is it right here.

So what it says is, for amnesty claims arising within the U.S. under the provisions of this act in cases alleging injury or loss due to negligence operations of the vessel, the U.S. may limit its liability to the value of the vessel after the incident from which the claim arose.

This is a really interesting thing.

You don't get liability which could be spread out among all the claimants based on the value of the vessel before the incident, but after the incident.

So if the vessel sinks and all the cargo is gone, there's no liability.

It's very unique in terms of maritime shipping.

But this ship didn't sink.

Remember, it is still there.

And so there's a question about whether the ship is a constructive total loss.

Can it be salvaged?

What's the actual assets on the vessel?

It goes on here.

The act requires filing it in action in federal district court within six months of receiving written notice of the claim.

So one of the things that Grimaldi is trying to do is limit their liability in this act.

Greg goes on to talk about this.

Grimaldi is blaming the Jeep Wrangler, maintaining that the Jeep Wrangler is the cause of the deaths, which is not theirs.

It would make the argument here it is either Ports America or American Maritime Services.

The ship owner, quote, believes civil actions and claims will be asserted against it in an amount exceeding the total amount for which Grimaldi may be legally responsible for the pursuant of the limitation act.

It goes on here.

The ship owner said the legal discovery actions have been commenced by Ports America, AMS, and the Port Authority, and the estates of the two deceased firefighters.

A formal claim has already been made by the estates of Akebu and Brooks, and Grimaldi has posted a tort lien of $20 million in the form of a letter of undertaking.

In the court filings, Grimaldi asked for the amount to be replaced by supplemental security of a little over $19 million for death and injury, and this is based on a formula generated of $400 per gross registered ton.

Grimaldi is calculating that the value of the vessel and the pending freight is $15.9 million, and they get to that through this process where the value of what the value of the ship was prior to the accident,

What it's going to cost to repair, to tow, to salvage, and they go from a $55 million ship down to $15 million, or $15.9 million of liability.

I know that's complicated, and I apologize for it, but that's the nature of this being.

Grimaldi is trying to put in place a cap, number one, on its amount of liability, $15.9 million.

It's also asserting in its claim, listen, the fire is not our fault, it is Ports America and American Maritime Services, because they were using a 2007 Jeep Wrangler that was not properly maintained,

Because if it was properly maintained, it shouldn't have exploded and caught fire pushing a Toyota up the ramps, and so what you're seeing here is the finger pointing going on.

This is going to be the problem for the estates of the two Newark firefighters.

It's going to be a problem for all the claimants going against Grimaldi at this time.

Grimaldi can't just say the ship is a total constructive loss, because above the main deck or the main through deck, deck five, and down the engine room and the hull are all intact, so all they really have to do is cut the superstructure off this vessel and put a new one on,

And they're off and running.

So this is where Grimaldi is going to have the issue.

The other issue that is generating from this is not just these lawsuits, but this story about why your stolen car may be in West Africa and what's being done about it, because there's a big argument here that not only is this Jeep Wrangler the cause for the fire,

But the vehicles that were loaded on board contributed to that, because a lot of these vehicles, number one, shouldn't have been on the vessel, because they may have been, quote, stolen and loaded on here,

But they also are used vehicles, and used vehicles, unlike new vehicles, have very little regulation for loading on a ship.

If you have a new vehicle, it's empty.

It has less than a gallon of fuel on board.

A new vehicle could be packed in the gills, in the back seat with stuff, in the trunk.

There's no telling how much fuel is on board, because the fuel gauge will be broken.

You don't know.

And some of these vehicles are just dangerous in many ways, and who knows what is stored in them, and this creates the problem that we see happening in the port of Newark.

That's what makes this case so important to understand, because while we talk about EVs on board Fremantle Highway and Felicity Ace, and we're having this huge debate about electrical vehicles and loading them,

This is an issue of loading new and used vehicles that are heading to Africa, and more importantly, the responsibility for safety in the port.

This doesn't even breach the issue about the Newark Fire Department's response, or lack of response, the difficulties in extinguishing the fire on board a ship that burned for six days, and the fact that there was not a coordinated response from not just Newark Fire Department,

But from other fire departments in the area, and the fact that the Newark firefighters were not well-trained to go on board and fight a shipboard fire.

They're well-trained in other areas, just not in this area.

I'm not saying they're not untrained firefighters.

I'm saying that they were not well-versed and had the background and information necessary to tackle a fire like this.

Very difficult case that's coming before us, and it's going to be interesting to see how it unfolds.

I hope you enjoyed today's episode.

If you did, take a moment, subscribe to the channel, hit the bell, so you'll be alerted about new videos as they come out.

Leave a comment, share it across social media, give it a thumbs up, and if you can, support the page.

How do you do that?

You hit the Super Thanks button down below, or head on over to Patreon, and you can become a monthly, yearly subscriber.

Until our next episode, this is Al, signing off.