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The Ruth's Chris Controversy That Shook The Steakhouse

Video vocabulary

few

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US / fju: /

UK / fju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Not many, a small number

greed

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US / gri:d /

UK / ɡrid /

B1
  • noun
  • Wanting too much of something

fact

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US / fækt /

UK / fækt /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that is known or proved to be true

much

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US / mʌtʃ /

UK / mʌtʃ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Very; to a high level or degree
  • adverb
  • A lot; large amount; a high degree of
  • Nearly; basically
  • On many occasions; often
  • noun
  • A large amount; a great quantity

standard

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US / 'stændəd /

UK / ˈstændəd /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being the accepted normal level of quality
  • (Of a language) being the most accepted in a place
  • noun
  • Official unit of measuring something
  • Principle of behaving in a moral way

complaint

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US / kəmˈpleɪnt /

UK / kəmˈplent /

B1
  • noun
  • Saying something is wrong and should be changed
  • Official charge against a person by the police
  • A medical problem with your body; illness

home

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US / həʊm /

UK / hom /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A sports team's own field or place of play
  • adverb
  • Into the correct or intended position
  • noun
  • House, apartment or building to be rented or sold
  • Institution for sick or elderly people
  • Place where a person or a family lives
  • Country where a person lives or was born
  • Region that is native to peoples, plant or animals
  • verb
  • To move towards a particular target location

report

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US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

A1
  • noun
  • Account of the necessary facts and information
  • The telling of news in the media
  • Official statement about something
  • verb
  • To submit a report or bill to the government
  • To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
  • To state something officially
  • To officially present yourself to an authority
  • To describe something by telling it to others

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

donate

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US / dəʊ'neɪt /

UK / ˈdoˌnet, doˈnet /

B1
  • verb
  • To give money, etc. to charity, party, etc.

player

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US / ˈpleɪə(r) /

UK / ˈpleɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Machine that plays recorded material
  • Person who plays a musical instrument
  • Person who plays games on devices
  • Person who plays sports

spend

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US / spend /

UK / spɛnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To use money to pay for something
  • To use time in order to do something
  • To use up something completely

time

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US / taɪm /

UK / taɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
  • Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
  • Occasion when something happens
  • Period or occasion that something occurred
  • Period in history or the past
  • Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
  • How long an event takes; duration
  • verb
  • To check speed at which music is performed
  • To choose a specific moment to do something
  • To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
  • To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

worth

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US / wɜ:θ /

UK / wɚθ /

A2
  • other
  • the financial, practical or moral value of somebody/something
  • having a particular value, especially in money

website

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US / ˈwebsaɪt /

UK / 'websaɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • Collection of webpages in one location

convince

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US / kən'vɪns /

UK / kənˈvɪns /

A2
  • verb
  • To persuade someone, or make them feel sure

handout

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US / ˈhændaʊt /

UK / ˈhændˌaʊt /

B2
  • noun
  • A piece of paper with information given in class
  • something such as food, clothing, or money that is given free to someone who has a great need for it

begin

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US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

A1
  • verb
  • To do the first part of an action; to start

such

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US / sʌtʃ /

UK / sʌtʃ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Being similar to
  • (Thing) as previously stated or referred to
  • adverb
  • (Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)

ryan

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US / ˈraɪən /

UK / ˈraɪən /

A1

express

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US / ɪk'spres /

UK / ɪkˈsprɛs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sent by a fast mail service
  • Traveling at high speed
  • noun
  • Fast train or bus
  • verb
  • To send something by fast mail
  • To state or show what you think or how you feel

funding

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US / ˈfʌndɪŋ /

UK / ˈfʌndɪŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To supply money for something

lockdown

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US / ˈlɒkdaʊn /

UK / ˈlɑ:kdaʊn /

A1
  • noun
  • Confining prisoners to their cells after a riot

mortgage

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US / 'mɔ:ɡɪdʒ /

UK / ˈmɔrɡɪdʒ /

B1
  • noun
  • Long-term loan from a bank for buying property

steakhouse

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US / ˈsteɪkhaʊs /

UK / ˈstekˌhaʊs /

A1
  • noun
  • Restaurant that specializes in steaks

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

never

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US / 'nevə(r) /

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not ever; not at any time

send

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US / send /

UK / sɛnd /

A1
  • verb
  • To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
  • To cause mail or packages to go to another place
  • To move something quickly in a particular way
  • To give information or greetings to someone

protection

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US / prəˈtekʃn /

UK / prəˈtɛkʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Being kept from harm
  • Something that defends against harm or danger

spirit

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US / 'spɪrɪt /

UK / ˈspɪrɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Person's strong determination or attitude
  • Unique qualities of person, place, or time
  • Part of a person thought to be moved by religion
  • Appearance or sense of a dead person
  • verb
  • To take someone away as if by magic

controversy

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US / 'kɒntrəvɜ:sɪ /

UK / ˈkɑntrəˌvɚsi /

B1
  • noun
  • Strong public disagreement about something

those

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US / ðəʊz /

UK / ðoz /

A1
  • determiner
  • The people or things we are talking about
  • pronoun
  • The objects far from the speaker

though

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US / ðəu /

UK / ðo /

A1
  • adverb
  • Although, despite the fact that

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

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US / bæk /

UK / bæk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
  • adverb
  • Have returned to a place you were before
  • noun
  • The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
  • Location at the rear of something
  • The reverse of side something
  • Area on the rear of your body
  • verb
  • To bet money on something
  • To go backwards in a car
  • To support and encourage someone or some cause

hardship

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US / ˈhɑ:dʃɪp /

UK / ˈhɑrdˌʃɪp /

B1
  • noun
  • When life is not easy, e.g. through being poor

hope

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US / həʊp /

UK / hop /

A1
  • noun
  • When you wish something will happen; what you wish
  • verb
  • To expect and want something to happen

lot

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US / lɒt /

UK / lɑt /

A1
  • noun
  • What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • A group of people seen together
  • Item for sale at an auction
  • Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking

major

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US / 'meɪdʒə(r) /

UK / ˈmedʒɚ /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
  • Important, serious, or large in scope, size
  • noun
  • High-ranking officer in the army
  • Main subject you study at university
  • verb
  • To study a particular subject at university

money

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US / 'mʌnɪ /

UK / ˈmʌni /

A1
  • noun
  • Coins or notes we use to pay for things

large

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US / lɑ:dʒ /

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

early

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US / ˈɜ:li /

UK / ˈɜ:rli /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Happening or appearing before
  • adverb
  • Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
  • Happening sooner than expected

most

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US / məʊst /

UK / most /

A1
  • adverb
  • Very; extremely
  • Greatest possible degree
  • pronoun
  • Nearly all of something

disaster

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US / dɪ'zɑ:stə(r) /

UK / dɪˈzæstɚ, -ˈsæs- /

A2
  • noun
  • State of extreme ruin and misfortune

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

out

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US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

over

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US / 'əʊvə(r) /

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Finished; no longer happening
  • Towards the ground/away from a standing position
  • noun
  • A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
  • other
  • Finished
  • preposition
  • Showing the relation when a thing is above another
  • On or covering something
  • Above or across something
  • More than you need
  • From one side to the other
  • In the direction of; toward

resource

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US / riˈsɔ:s /

UK / ˈriˌsɔrs, -ˌsors, -ˌzɔrs, -ˌzors, rɪˈsɔrs, -ˈsors, /

A2
  • noun
  • Something that can be used profitably; asset
  • An essential supply of something
  • Resourcefulness; ability to deal with problems
  • verb
  • To obtain (e.g. oil, gas) from its source

national

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US / 'næʃnəl /

UK / ˈnæʃənəl, ˈnæʃnəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a nation as a whole
  • noun
  • A person of a particular country

share

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US / ʃeə(r) /

UK / ʃɛr /

A2
  • noun
  • Part-ownership in a property, business or company
  • Part of a company you own, shown by a certificate
  • verb
  • To divide something between two or more people
  • To allow others to use your things equally
  • To give information, etc. to someone

travesty

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US / 'trævəstɪ /

UK / ˈtrævɪsti /

A1
  • noun
  • Debased, distorted, or grossly inferior imitation

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

leave

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US / li:v /

UK / liv /

A1
  • noun
  • Permission to do something
  • Vacation time; time off work
  • verb
  • To go away from; depart
  • To gift property to someone after you die
  • To allow something to continue happening
  • To let something remain unused or available
  • To let something or someone remain somewhere

owner

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US / ˈəʊnə(r) /

UK / ˈoʊnə(r) /

A1
  • noun
  • Person who owns or has something

far

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US / fɑ:(r) /

UK / fɑr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A long way away
  • Being a long way away
  • adverb
  • To a large degree or extent

knock

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US / nɒk /

UK / nɑk /

A2
  • noun
  • Bad experience that reduces a person's confidence
  • Action of something solid hitting something hard
  • verb
  • To criticize someone in an unreasonable way
  • To hit something to get people's attention
  • To strike something hard, causing damage

echo

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US / 'ekəʊ /

UK / 'ekoʊ /

B1
  • noun
  • Repetition of sounds after bouncing off something
  • A repetition of events or circumstances
  • verb
  • (Of a place) to be filled with repeating sounds
  • (Of a sound) to be repeated
  • To repeat something, e.g. something someone said

effort

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US / ˈefət /

UK / ˈɛfət /

A2
  • noun
  • Amount of work used trying to do something

company

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US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

A1
  • noun
  • Good feeling from being with someone else
  • A business that sells things or provides services
  • Guests, especially in your home
  • Being with another person rather than alone

encapsulate

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US / ɪnˈkæpsjuleɪt /

UK / ɛnˈkæpsəˌlet /

C1
  • verb
  • To express concisely the main points or ideas

help

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US / help /

UK / hɛlp /

A1
  • noun
  • Something given to enable a person to do something
  • Assistance given to someone in need
  • Someone who makes something easier or possible
  • verb
  • To act to enable a person to do something; assist
  • To make something better or less difficult

local

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US / ˈləʊkl /

UK / ˈloʊkl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Relating to a particular area, city, or town
  • noun
  • Bus or train, that stops at most stations
  • People who live in the area being discussed
  • The pub you most frequently go to

particular

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US / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /

UK / pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ, pəˈtɪk- /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • One specific (one)
  • Having firm ideas about what is desirable
  • Being special or more than is typical

suit

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US / su:t /

UK / sut /

A1
  • noun
  • Set of clothes including jacket and pants or skirt
  • Law case involving a claim of some kind
  • Set of playing cards such as hearts or diamonds
  • verb
  • To be appropriate for a given situation
  • (Of clothes) to look good on someone

potbelly

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US / 'pɒtˌbelɪ /

UK / ˈpɑtˌbɛli /

C2
  • noun
  • A rounded stove in which wood or coal is burned

think

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US / θɪŋk /

UK / θɪŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To have an idea about something without certainty
  • To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

uncle

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US / 'ʌŋkl /

UK / ˈʌŋkəl /

A2
  • noun
  • Brother of a parent or the husband of your aunt

fertile

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US / 'fɜ:taɪl /

UK / ˈfɚtl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • (Of imagination, etc.) working strongly; productive
  • Capable of producing children or young
  • Able to produce a lot of plants, e.g. food plants

college

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US / 'kɒlɪdʒ /

UK / 'kɑːlɪdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • School or educational institution for adults

kindness

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US / ˈkaɪndnəs /

UK / ˈkaɪndnɪs /

B1
  • noun
  • Quality of being warmhearted and helpful

forever

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US / fər'evə(r) /

UK / fɔrˈɛvɚ, fə- /

B1
  • adverb
  • For all future time; in the future

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

affect

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US / ə'fekt /

UK / əˈfɛkt /

A2
  • verb
  • To cause a change in something else

brand

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US / brænd /

UK / brænd /

A2
  • noun
  • A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
  • Product made or designed by a named company
  • verb
  • To burn a mark on an animal to show who owns it
  • To describe someone as a liar, coward, etc.
  • To give a famous name to a product or service

only

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US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

two

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • number
  • 2

criticism

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US / ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm /

UK / ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm /

A2
  • noun
  • Article or essay that judges quality
  • Negative judgment of something
  • Something negative that you say about something
  • School of thought

frustration

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US / frʌ'streɪʃn /

UK / frʌˈstreʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Annoyance because things don't go the way you want

legacy

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US / 'leɡəsɪ /

UK / ˈlɛɡəsi /

B2
  • noun
  • Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
  • Something left or given by a person who has died

now

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US / naʊ /

UK / naʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At the present time or moment
  • Right away or in the next possible moment
  • Used to refer to something that just happened
  • Time between the present and a moment in the past
  • conjunction
  • Resulting from or because of something

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

decision

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US / dɪ'sɪʒn /

UK / dɪˈsɪʒən /

A1
  • noun
  • Choice made after thinking; final judgment
  • Ability to make quick and confident choices

moral

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US / ˈmɒrəl /

UK / ˈmɔrəl, ˈmɑr- /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • In a way considered proper and good by most people
  • noun
  • In a way considered proper and good by most people
  • Lesson learned from a story or experience

pandemic

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US / pæn'demɪk /

UK / pænˈdɛmɪk /

C2
  • adjecitve
  • (of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals, or
  • noun
  • a pandemic disease

nearly

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US / ˈniəli /

UK / ˈnɪrli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not completely; almost

become

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US / bɪ'kʌm /

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

child

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US / tʃaɪld /

UK / tʃaɪld /

A1
  • noun
  • A very young person, between about 2 and 15

dream

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US / dri:m /

UK / drim /

A1
  • noun
  • A wish or hope for something to happen
  • Imagination or image of something you want
  • Images, thoughts, feelings experienced when asleep
  • verb
  • To wish for something to happen
  • To experience thoughts, images while asleep

advocacy

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US / ˈædvəkəsi /

UK / ˈædvəkəsi /

B1
  • noun
  • Request for change
  • Public support for a belief

harvest

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US / ˈhɑ:vɪst /

UK / ˈhɑ:rvɪst /

B1
  • noun
  • Gathering crops from the fields; the crops
  • The time of year to bring crops in from the fields
  • verb
  • To gather ripe crops in from the fields

online

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US / ˌɒnˈlaɪn /

UK / ˌɑ:nˈlaɪn /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Connected to the internet

shack

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US / ʃæk /

UK / ʃæk /

B2
  • noun
  • Small often wooden building that is not well made

business

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US / ˈbɪznəs /

UK / ˈbɪznɪs /

A1
  • noun
  • A company formed for making profit
  • Matter that has to be dealt with; task; situation
  • Activity of working to make a profit

whether

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US / ˈweðə(r) /

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

A1
  • conjunction
  • If something will happen or not

charitable

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US / ˈtʃærətəbl /

UK / ˈtʃærɪtəbəl /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning helping people who are sick or poor

food

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US / fu:d /

UK / fud /

A1
  • noun
  • What people and animals eat to live
  • Things taken in by plants to maintain life
  • A particular style or type of cooking, e.g. Asian

loan

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US / ləʊn /

UK / lon /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of allowing someone to borrow something
  • verb
  • To give money, etc. that must be paid back

mother

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US / ˈmʌðə(r) /

UK / ˈmʌðɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Female who has a child or children; female parent
  • verb
  • To take care of someone as if they were your child

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

scrape

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US / skreɪp /

UK / skrep /

B1
  • noun
  • Bad or unpleasant incident
  • other
  • To move roughly across the surface of something
  • verb
  • To take something off a surface with a sharp tool
  • To damage the surface by moving something roughly
  • To remove something by roughly brushing it off

luck

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US / lʌk /

UK / lʌk /

A1
  • noun
  • Accidental way things happen, often good things

reputation

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US / ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn /

UK / ˌrɛpjəˈteʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Common opinion that people have about someone

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

give

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US / ɡɪv /

UK / ɡɪv /

A1
  • noun
  • Degree of flexibility in something, a material
  • verb
  • To hand over or present something to someone
  • To cause someone to have or experience something

life

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US / laɪf /

UK / laɪf /

A1
  • noun
  • All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • Period of time things live, from birth to death

single

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US / 'sɪŋɡl /

UK / ˈsɪŋɡəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being one only, without others
  • Only; merely
  • Not married or in a relationship
  • noun
  • One run in cricket or a hit baseball
  • An individual song from a CD or album
  • Person who is not married or in a relationship

government

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US / ˈgʌvənmənt /

UK / ˈɡʌvənmənt /

A1
  • noun
  • Group of people and system that rule a nation

his

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US / hɪz /

UK / hɪz /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Something belonging to a male person

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

backlash

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US / ˈbæklæʃ /

UK / ˈbækˌlæʃ /

C2
  • noun
  • a strong negative reaction by a large number of people, for example to something that has recently c

behind

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US / bɪˈhaɪnd /

UK / bɪˈhaɪnd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a later or slower time than expected
  • Being in a losing position in a sporting event
  • Being in the past; old fashioned
  • adverb
  • Remaining
  • noun
  • The part of the body that one sits on
  • preposition
  • At or toward the back of someone or something
  • Supporting or helping someone

could

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US / kəd /

UK / kʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
  • Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

organizer

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US / 'ɔ:ɡənaɪzə(r) /

UK / 'ɔ:ɡənaɪzə(r) /

B1
  • noun
  • Someone who arranges and plans things

public

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US / 'pʌblɪk /

UK / ˈpʌblɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Owned by the government
  • Concerning society in general
  • Being available or accessible to people in general
  • Known or able to be known by all people

town

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US / taʊn /

UK / taʊn /

A1
  • noun
  • Small city
  • Part of city with shops and entertainments

accomplishment

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US / əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt /

UK / əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt /

B1
  • noun
  • Something you succeed in after hard work

forgivable

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US / fəˈɡɪvəbl /

UK / fərˈɡɪvəbl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Able to be forgiven

economic

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US / ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk /

UK / ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ˌikə- /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning trade, industry, and money

founder

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US / ˈfaʊndə(r) /

UK / ˈfaʊndɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Person establishing an organization, school etc.
  • verb
  • (Of business, idea, etc.) to fail
  • (Of a ship) To be sinking after hitting rocks

hand

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US / hænd /

UK / hænd /

A1
  • noun
  • Cards given to a player in a card game
  • Piece of a clock that points to the time
  • Someone who performs physical tasks or work
  • Body part at the end of a person's arm
  • Help for someone performing a particular action
  • Condition of having power or influence
  • Member of the crew of a ship
  • verb
  • To give something to someone personally

location

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US / ləʊˈkeɪʃn /

UK / loʊˈkeɪʃn /

B1
  • noun
  • Particular position or area of place, event, etc.

mind

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US / maɪnd /

UK / maɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • One's opinion or way of thinking about something
  • Part of humans that allows us to think or feel
  • verb
  • To be bothered or upset by something
  • To take care of someone e.g. as a bodyguard

accord

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US / ə'kɔ:d /

UK / əˈkɔ:rd /

B1
  • noun
  • Agreement or harmony
  • An agreement or treaty between countries
  • verb
  • To be in harmony or agreement; consent
  • To give (someone) the respect due to them

community

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US / kə'mju:nətɪ /

UK / kəˈmjunɪti /

A2
  • noun
  • Group of people who share a common idea or area

see

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US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

salute

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US / sə'lu:t /

UK / səˈlut /

B2
  • noun
  • Raising your hand to your head to show respect
  • Ceremony which honors someone
  • verb
  • To raise the arm to show respect for an officer
  • To show respect for someone; honor publicly

twitter

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US / ˈtwɪtə(r) /

UK / ˈtwɪtɚ /

C2
  • noun
  • An online messaging system
  • verb
  • To make small chattering sounds, like some birds

history

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US / 'hɪstrɪ /

UK / ˈhɪstəri /

A2
  • noun
  • Established pattern or record
  • Study of past events as an academic subject

alive

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US / ə'laɪv /

UK / əˈlaɪv /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Living; not dead

before

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US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time earlier than the present; previously
  • conjunction
  • In advance of something happening
  • preposition
  • In front of someone or something

desperately

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US / 'despərətlɪ /

UK / ˈdɛspərɪtlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a way that shows you don't have much hope

corporate

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US / ˈkɔ:pərət /

UK / ˈkɔrpərɪt, ˈkɔrprɪt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning (usually large) companies

extra

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US / 'ekstrə /

UK / 'ekstrə /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • More than necessary; additional
  • noun
  • Items more than you need; additional items
  • Person who has a small part in a movie
  • Special version of a newspaper

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

last

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US / lɑ:st /

UK / læst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Most recent; the latest
  • The one before
  • adverb
  • Final; with nothing following; after all others
  • Most recent; the latest
  • determiner
  • The one at the end
  • verb
  • To remain or continue for a certain period of time

part

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US / pɑ:t /

UK / pɑ:rt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To some degree; half; not fully
  • noun
  • Division of a book
  • Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
  • A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
  • Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
  • Some, but not all of a specific thing
  • Role in causing something to happen
  • verb
  • To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
  • To move two things apart creating a space
  • To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

academy

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US / ə'kædəmɪ /

UK / əˈkædəmi /

A2
  • noun
  • School that specializes in certain subjects

federal

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US / 'fedərəl /

UK / ˈfɛdərəl, ˈfɛdrəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Consisting of several united states

group

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US / ɡru:p /

UK / ɡrup /

A1
  • noun
  • Two or more musicians who play music together
  • Number of people or things gathered together
  • verb
  • To combine or collect objects or people together

memoir

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US / ˈmemwɑ:(r) /

UK / ˈmɛmˌwɑr, -ˌwɔr /

B2
  • noun
  • Written collection of memories someone has

center

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US / 'sentə /

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Community place people go health or social reasons
  • Place in the middle of something
  • Person or thing that is attracting attention
  • verb
  • To direct focus toward something

end

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US / end /

UK / ɛnd /

A1
  • noun
  • The point where a process or activity stops
  • A point that marks the limit of something; finish
  • Goal or desired result
  • The tip, edge or limit of something
  • verb
  • To be the last part of something

manage

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US / ˈmænɪdʒ /

UK / ˈmænɪdʒ /

A1
  • verb
  • To survive hardships and difficulties; to cope
  • To run or operate a business by directing others

orleans

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US / ˈɔːlɪənz /

UK / ˈɔrliənz /

A1
  • proper noun
  • The capital city of Centre region in central France, on the Loire River; population 116,256 (2006).

agree

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US / əˈgri: /

UK / əˈɡri /

A1
  • verb
  • To have the same opinion as someone else

devastate

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US / 'devəsteɪt /

UK / ˈdɛvəˌstet /

B1
  • verb
  • To cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly

condemn

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US / kənˈdem /

UK / kənˈdɛm /

B1
  • verb
  • To say that (a building) is too unsafe to be used
  • To state strongly that person, thing is bad, wrong

organization

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US / ˌɔ:gənaɪˈzeɪʃn /

UK / ˌɔrɡənɪˈzeʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Group of people with a particular purpose

due

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US / dju: /

UK / du, dju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • When something is required or expected
  • Owed to a person as a right
  • noun
  • Something you deserve; something you can expect

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

virtue

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US / 'vɜ:tʃu: /

UK / ˈvɜ:rtʃu: /

B1
  • noun
  • Benefit, advantage, or good result of something
  • Morally good quality

way

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US / weɪ /

UK / we /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to emphasize the amount of something
  • noun
  • Particular aspect of something being thought about
  • One of various choices that could be made
  • Particular existing condition or state
  • (Often long) distance or length of time
  • How something is done
  • Route to go to a place
  • Small street
  • Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

change

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US / tʃeɪndʒ /

UK / tʃendʒ /

A1
  • noun
  • Exchange of one set of clothes for another
  • Money in the form of coins instead of paper
  • Money returned after giving too much
  • Act of making or becoming something else
  • verb
  • To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • To exchange one kind of money for another
  • To replace something with another thing
  • To make or become something else
  • To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

loophole

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US / ˈlu:phəʊl /

UK / ˈlu:phoʊl /

C1
  • noun
  • Error when making rules allowing people to avoid

staff

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US / stɑ:f /

UK / stæf /

A1
  • noun
  • Employees of a company
  • Long stick that a person uses to help them walk
  • verb
  • To hire workers for a business

contribution

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US / ˌkɒntrɪˈbju:ʃn /

UK / ˌkɑ:ntrɪˈbju:ʃn /

A2
  • noun
  • Helping a cause by giving money, things, services
  • Article published in magazine or newspaper
  • Regular payments to the government for a pension

billion

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US / ˈbɪljən /

UK / ˈbɪljən /

A2
  • noun
  • Number 1,000,000,000

chris

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US / dʒɒʃ /

UK / dʒɑ:ʃ /

A1

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

very

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US / 'verɪ /

UK / ˈvɛri /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning a large degree or amount
  • adverb
  • A lot; much; many
  • Used to stress or emphasize a noun

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

its

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US / ɪts /

UK / ɪts /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
  • determiner
  • Of something; belonging or related to something
  • other
  • Possessive form of “it”

return

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US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Do again; repeated
  • noun
  • Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
  • Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
  • Profit made as a result of a business activity
  • Process of going back to a previous way or state
  • verb
  • To hit something back to the other player or team
  • To come back after being away from somewhere
  • To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
  • To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
  • To occur again

top

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US / tɒp /

UK / tɑp /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good or great; excellent
  • Being the most in degree or quality
  • noun
  • Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
  • A cover or lid
  • Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
  • Highest or upper part or point of something
  • Best or highest status or position
  • Flat upper surface or edge of an object
  • Child's toy that spins on its point
  • Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
  • Winning in a sport or contest
  • verb
  • To be higher or larger than a specific value
  • To arrive at the highest point of something
  • To put a cover or layer or over something
  • To kill; murder
  • To hold the highest position on a list
  • To be more important, successful or better than
  • To beat someone or win at a game

worker

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US / ˈwɜ:kə(r) /

UK / ˈwɜ:rkə(r) /

A1
  • noun
  • Person who works

sandwich

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US / ˈsænwɪtʃ /

UK / ˈsændwɪtʃ, ˈsæn- /

A1
  • noun
  • Two pieces of bread with meat, cheese etc. in it
  • verb
  • To catch between two things

work

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US / wɜ:k /

UK / wɚk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Activity completed in order to make money
  • noun
  • The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • Everything created by an author, artist, musician
  • Activity you do in order to make money
  • Place of employment
  • Final product or result of a some labor or effort
  • verb
  • To bring into a specific state of success
  • To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
  • To do your job in your company or workplace
  • To make an effort to do something
  • To operate a machine or device

act

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US / ækt /

UK / ækt /

A1
  • noun
  • What someone did; action; behavior
  • A law or rule passed by a government we must obey
  • One of the parts that a stage play is divided into
  • verb
  • To behave in a certain way
  • To perform on a stage or in a movie

approve

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US / əˈpru:v /

UK / əˈpruv /

A2
  • verb
  • To formally accept something or grant permission
  • To have a positive opinion of someone or something

believe

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US / bɪ'li:v /

UK / bɪˈliv /

A1
  • verb
  • To think or accept that something is true
  • To have a particular opinion about something

display

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US / dɪˈspleɪ /

UK / dɪˈsple /

A2
  • noun
  • Arrangement of objects so people can see or buy
  • verb
  • (Animals) to indicate readiness for sex
  • To show, e.g. your feelings, thoughts; demonstrate
  • To put so they can be seen or be bought

country

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US / ˈkʌntri /

UK / ˈkʌntri /

A1
  • noun
  • An area of land that is controlled by a government
  • Open land that is away from towns and cities

institute

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US / 'ɪnstɪtju:t /

UK / ˈɪnstɪˌtut, -ˌtjut /

A2
  • noun
  • Organization studying science, engineering etc.
  • verb
  • To start or commence doing, e.g. a business plan

pay

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US / peɪ /

UK / pe /

A1
  • noun
  • Money you receive from your job, work, etc.
  • verb
  • To give money for goods or work done
  • To give (attention, respect, etc.) to
  • To be punished or suffer for something you did
  • To make (a visit) to a person or place

close

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US / kləʊz /

UK / kloʊz /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Almost; near
  • (Of a friend) well-known; liked by others
  • Being near or related
  • Similar; nearly the same
  • verb
  • To come progressively nearer to something
  • To end; to bring to an end
  • To make something shut; stop from being open

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

son

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US / sʌn /

UK / sʌn /

A1
  • noun
  • Male child; friendly way of addressing a boy

yesterday

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US / ˈjestədeɪ /

UK / ˈjestərdeɪ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Day before today
  • noun
  • Day before today

ppp

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US / /

UK / /

A1
  • abbreviation
  • Pakistan People's Party.
  • Point to point protocol, which allows data conforming to the Internet Protocol to be handled on a se
  • Purchasing power parity (a way of measuring what an amount of money will buy in different countries)

also

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US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

how

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US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

louisiana

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US / luːˌiːziːˈænə /

UK / luˌiziˈænə /

A1
  • other
  • A state in southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the Am

year

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US / jə: /

UK / jɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
  • Used to refer to the age of a person

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

grill

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US / ɡrɪl /

UK / ɡrɪl /

B1
  • noun
  • Plate of food that has been grilled
  • Metal bars on which food is cooked over fire
  • Restaurant where meat, esp. steaks, are served
  • verb
  • To cook directly over fire on a flat metal bars
  • To ask many (difficult) questions for a long time

into

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US / 'ɪntə /

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1
  • preposition
  • Moving or going inside something
  • In the same direction as; in the direction of
  • So as to become; taking the state of

quote

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US / kwəʊt /

UK / kwot /

A2
  • noun
  • Written statement of the cost of something
  • The (often wise or famous) words of another person
  • verb
  • To tell someone how much a task will cost
  • To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

power

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US / 'paʊə(r) /

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal or official right to perform certain actions
  • Ability to move forcefully and quickly
  • Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
  • Mathematical way to multiply a number
  • Condition of being in political control
  • Physical force, energy, and strength
  • verb
  • To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
  • To move something forcefully and quickly

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

encounter

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US / ɪn'kaʊntə(r) /

UK / ɛnˈkaʊntɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • A chance meeting; unexpected or unplanned meeting
  • verb
  • To come up against a problem or trouble; meet
  • To meet someone or something unexpectedly

highlight

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US / ˈhaɪlaɪt /

UK / ˈhaɪˌlaɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Best or most interesting part of something
  • Spot or section lighter than the area around it
  • verb
  • To use chemicals to make some hair a lighter color
  • To make people aware of a problem, subject, issue
  • To focus particular attention on; draw attention
  • To use a pen to mark places of interest in a book

tumultuous

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US / tju:ˈmʌltʃuəs /

UK / tʊˈmʌltʃuəs, tjʊ- /

C1
  • adjecitve
  • Chaotic

live

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US / lɪv /

UK / liv /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
  • Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
  • Glowing because burning; hot
  • Not yet killed (for food)
  • adverb
  • (Music, drama) as it is performed
  • verb
  • To be alive
  • To experience a particular type of life
  • To make your home in a house or town

legal

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US / 'li:ɡl /

UK / ˈliɡəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning the law; allowed by law

opt

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US / ɒpt /

UK / ɑ:pt /

B1
  • verb
  • To choose one thing rather than other choices

paycheck

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US / 'peɪtʃek /

UK / ˈpeˌtʃɛk /

A1
  • noun
  • Check issued in payment of wages or salary

person

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US / 'pɜ:sn /

UK / 'pɜ:rsn /

A1
  • noun
  • Man, woman or child

seek

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US / si:k /

UK / sik /

A2
  • verb
  • To ask someone for help
  • To search for; try to find or do; look for
  • To try to achieve something

receive

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US / rɪ'si:v /

UK / rɪˈsiv /

A1
  • verb
  • To get something someone has given or sent to you
  • To allow someone to become a member (of a club)
  • To welcome someone as a guest into your home
  • To respond to (e.g. news) in a particular way

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

congress

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US / 'kɒŋɡres /

UK / ˈkɑŋɡrɪs /

B1
  • noun
  • Meeting of elected or appointed representatives
  • American governing body of elected representatives

infighting

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US / ˈɪnfaɪtɪŋ /

UK / ˈɪnfaɪtɪŋ /

C2
  • noun
  • Arguing or fighting within a group or family

may

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US / meɪ /

UK / me /

A1
  • noun
  • 5th month of the year
  • other
  • Used to express a desire
  • Expresses permission, possibility or probability
  • Used to show that a thing could be true

program

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US / 'prəʊɡræm /

UK / ˈproˌɡræm, -ɡrəm /

A1
  • noun
  • Small book of events in a play, concert or movie
  • A plan or schedule of events
  • Series of classes at a college or university
  • A computer application
  • TV show
  • verb
  • To make someone act or think in a certain way
  • To write computer code for a piece of software

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

able

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US / 'eɪbl /

UK / ˈebəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Skilled; good at something
  • Having the ability to do something

bank

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US / bæŋk /

UK / bæŋk /

A1
  • noun
  • A financial institution that keeps or lends money
  • The side of a river
  • A row of things in lines (e.g. computers)
  • verb
  • To put or keep your money in a bank
  • To turn a plane when flying; (of a plane) to turn

make

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US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

corporation

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US / ˌkɔ:pəˈreɪʃn /

UK / ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃn /

A2
  • noun
  • Big company or a combination of several companies

fund

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US / fʌnd /

UK / fʌnd /

A2
  • noun
  • Money collected, saved, or provided for a purpose
  • A specific account into which you put money
  • verb
  • To supply money for something

place

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US / pleɪs /

UK / ples /

A1
  • noun
  • Particular location, area or region
  • verb
  • To put someone in a particular type of situation
  • To put something in a certain location or position

ultimately

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US / ˈʌltɪmətli /

UK / ˈʌltəmɪtli /

B1
  • adverb
  • Done or considered as the final and most important

woe

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US / wəʊ /

UK / woʊ /

B2
  • noun
  • Feeling of great pain or sadness; unhappiness

despite

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US / dɪˈspaɪt /

UK / dɪˈspaɪt /

A2
  • preposition
  • Without being affected by something; in spite of

empire

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US / ˈempaɪə(r) /

UK / ˈɛmˌpaɪr /

B1
  • noun
  • Group of countries controlled by one government

hardly

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US / ˈhɑ:dli /

UK / ˈhɑ:rdli /

A2
  • adverb
  • Clearly or undoubtedly not; very little
  • Almost not; scarcely

she

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US / ʃɪ /

UK / ʃi /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Female person or animal mentioned before
  • (Refers to female person mentioned before)

even

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US / 'i:vn /

UK / ˈivən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
  • Being divided equally or fairly
  • (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
  • Smooth, level, or regular
  • Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
  • At a regular, equally steady manner
  • Remaining steady and unchanging
  • adverb
  • (When this is surprising) as well; too
  • (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
  • verb
  • To make something level; to flatten
  • To make something equal

eventually

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US / ɪˈventʃuəli /

UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /

A2
  • adverb
  • After a long time; after many attempts; in the end

grandmother

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US / ˈgrænmʌðə(r) /

UK / ˈɡrændˌmʌðɚ, ˈɡræn- /

B2
  • noun
  • Your mother or father's mother

like

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US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

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US / 'pi:pl /

UK / ˈpipəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • Men, Women, Children

petition

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US / pə'tɪʃn /

UK / pəˈtɪʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Request to an authority to change something
  • verb
  • To request an authority to make a change

randy

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US / 'rændɪ /

UK / ˈrændi /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Wanting to have sex (often)

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

what

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US / wɒt /

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Thing or things that; the same kind as
  • Used to emphasize something you are about to say
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
  • Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
  • adverb
  • To a certain degree
  • determiner
  • Question words used for asking for information
  • exclamation
  • Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
  • Used to ask people to repeat something they said

remind

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US / rɪ'maɪnd /

UK / rɪˈmaɪnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To cause someone to remember what they forgot

claim

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US / kleɪm /

UK / klem /

A2
  • noun
  • Demand for something that is believed to be due
  • Something said to be true when others don't agree
  • verb
  • To demand something that is believed to be due
  • To cause someone's life to come to an end
  • To say something is true when others may not agree

hit

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US / hɪt /

UK / hɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • A planned killing, usually for money
  • Song, movie etc. that is successful
  • When someone strikes someone or something
  • Time when a player makes contact with the ball
  • Time when a website is accessed
  • verb
  • To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
  • To press something, such as a button or switch
  • To suddenly realize the importance of something
  • To move your hand, a bat, etc. against with force
  • To fight, attack or damage something or someone
  • To arrive at a specific place, level, or goal
  • To make contact with the ball in a game or sport

restaurant

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US / 'restrɒnt /

UK / ˈrɛstərənt, -təˌrɑnt /

A1
  • noun
  • Place where you can order, buy and eat a meal

selfless

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US / ˈselfləs /

UK / ˈsɛlflɪs /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Showing unselfish concern for others

tell

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US / tel /

UK / tɛl /

A1
  • verb
  • To (strongly) advise a person to do something
  • To be able to guess
  • To say or communicate information to someone
  • To inform, but without speaking; indicate
  • To have a negative effect on someone
  • To order someone to do something; command
  • To recognize something based on certain signs
  • To report something to an authority
  • To explain something or teach someone something

stay

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US / steɪ /

UK / ste /

A1
  • noun
  • Legal order to stop or delay an action
  • Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
  • Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
  • verb
  • To keep trying without giving up
  • To remain in the same place and not move away
  • To spend time visiting a place or someone's home

york

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US / jɔ:k /

UK / jɔrk /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A city in northern England, on the Ouse River; population 136,900 (est. 2009).
  • A commercial and industrial city in southeastern Pennsylvania; population 40,097 (est. 2008).
  • The southwestern tip of Hayes Peninsula, on Baffin Bay in Greenland. It served as a base for US expl

first

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US / fɜ:st /

UK / fɚst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
  • noun
  • Something that has not happened before
  • Position of the winner of a competition

get

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US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

hard

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US / hɑ:d /

UK / hɑː(r)d /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Difficult to do; difficult to understand
  • (Of facts) not able to be misunderstood; clear
  • (Of alcohol) strong
  • Involving or requiring lots of work, effort, care
  • Being full of pain, trouble, and problems
  • Strong
  • (Of edge) clear; sharp
  • Difficult to bend, break or cut; solid
  • adverb
  • With lots of force, power, or impact

sue

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US / su: /

UK / su /

B2
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • verb
  • To take legal action against someone

spotlight

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US / ˈspɒtlaɪt /

UK / ˈspɑ:tlaɪt /

C1
  • noun
  • Lamp that produces a strong beam of light
  • verb
  • To highlight or put attention on something

afloat

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US / əˈfləʊt /

UK / əˈflot /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Remaining on top of a liquid; floating

convincing

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US / kənˈvɪnsɪŋ /

UK / kənˈvɪnsɪŋ /

A2
  • verb
  • To persuade someone, or make them feel sure

down

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US / daʊn /

UK / daʊn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being sad, sick, or unhappy
  • Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
  • adverb
  • In a sitting or lying position
  • Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
  • Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
  • noun
  • A period of play in American Football
  • The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
  • preposition
  • Along something's path, course, or direction
  • Going from a higher position to a lower position
  • verb
  • To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

include

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US / ɪnˈklu:d /

UK / ɪnˈklud /

A1
  • verb
  • To make someone, something part of a group

family

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US / 'fæməlɪ /

UK / ˈfæmli /

A1
  • noun
  • Close group of people or organizations
  • A group of people who are related through blood
  • Group of related plants or animals

during

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US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

A1
  • preposition
  • At some point in the course of an event or thing

find

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US / faɪnd /

UK / faɪnd /

A1
  • noun
  • Object discovered by chance
  • Things that have been discovered from searching
  • verb
  • To become aware of something that is happening
  • To discover or meet by chance
  • To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
  • To learn through study, research, or effort
  • To discover something by looking for it

enough

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US / ɪˈnʌf /

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sufficient to answer the need
  • adverb
  • To a satisfactory degree
  • pronoun
  • Equal to what is needed; as much as required
  • Adequate number or amount

outcry

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US / 'aʊtkraɪ /

UK / ˈaʊtˌkraɪ /

C1
  • noun
  • Show of anger or unhappiness by many people

mean

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US / mi:n /

UK / min /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good at
  • Nasty; unkind
  • Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
  • noun
  • Average of a set of numbers
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular meaning or value

total

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US / ˈtəʊtl /

UK / ˈtoʊtl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Complete
  • noun
  • Whole number or amount of something
  • verb
  • To damage a car beyond repair

city

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US / 'sɪtɪ /

UK / ˈsɪti /

A1
  • noun
  • Area with many buildings, roads and people

example

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US / ɪgˈzɑ:mpl /

UK / ɪɡˈzæmpəl /

A1
  • noun
  • Thing, person which represents a category

immense

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US / ɪˈmens /

UK / ɪˈmɛns /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Very great in size or amount

story

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US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

A1
  • noun
  • One of many floors or levels in a building
  • Account or description of how something happened

true

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US / tru: /

UK / tru: /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Agreeing with the facts; not false; real or actual

generosity

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US / ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti /

UK / ˌdʒenəˈrɑ:səti /

B1
  • noun
  • Giving or sharing things freely with others

should

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US / ʃʊd /

UK / ʃʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

after

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US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

UK / ˈæftɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Later than another time, or behind something
  • conjunction
  • Following something before
  • preposition
  • When an event happened or time has passed

cherish

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US / ˈtʃerɪʃ /

UK / ˈtʃɛrɪʃ /

B1
  • verb
  • To care a lot about or love someone or something
  • To remember or keep something with a lot of care

cook

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US / kʊk /

UK / kʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • A person who prepares food
  • Person's name
  • verb
  • To heat food until it is ready to eat

many

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US / 'menɪ /

UK / ˈmɛni /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer a large number of things

itself

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US / ɪtˈself /

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Referring to it

siskin

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US / /

UK / /

C2
  • noun
  • Small yellow-and-black Eurasian bird

slap

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US / slæp /

UK / slæp /

B1
  • verb
  • To hit with the open hand or with a flat object

thousand

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US / ˈθaʊznd /

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

A1
  • number
  • Number 1,000

feel

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US / fi:l /

UK / fil /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
  • To sense through direct contact; touch

ruth

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US / ru:θ /

UK / ruθ /

A1
  • other
  • A book of the Old Testament that tells the story of Ruth who was not an Israelite but who married an

among

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US / əˈmʌŋ /

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

A1
  • preposition
  • In the center of several things

new

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US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

surround

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US / səˈraʊnd /

UK / səˈraʊnd /

A2
  • other
  • To be closely connected to and have an effect on
  • verb
  • To be all the way around something
  • To be closely connected to and have an effect on
  • To move closer on all sides of something

small

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US / smɔ:l /

UK / smɔl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Little in size; not big
  • (Of letters) not written in capital letters
  • Being insignificant or minor
  • (Of a business) with few people or things; local
  • (Of voice) being soft and quiet
  • (Of a child) being young

integral

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US / ˈɪntɪgrəl /

UK / ˈɪntɪɡrəl, ɪnˈtɛɡrəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being an essential part of something; necessary

write

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • verb
  • To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
  • To invent or create a computer program
  • To create a song or piece of music

disgusting

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US / dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ /

UK / dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Having a very bad taste
  • verb
  • To cause a strong negative reaction or feeling

global

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US / ˈgləʊbl /

UK / ˈgloʊbl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
  • Of, affecting, or involving the entire world

million

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US / ˈmɪljən /

UK / ˈmɪljən /

A1
  • number
  • 1,000,000

while

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US / waɪl /

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

A1
  • conjunction
  • In spite of the fact that; although
  • During the time that; at the same time
  • noun
  • Short amount of time
  • Subtitles section
  • Back in 2020, Ruth's Chris found itself at the center of a public controversy that had even the family of the restaurant's founder calling out the steakhouse chain.
  • It all began with a federal loan the company received as part of a government handout during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The Paycheck Protection Program loans were approved by Congress as a means of helping out small businesses when the country was on lockdown.
  • In total, the government approved $350 billion in funds.
  • However, large corporations, including those behind Shake Shack and Potbelly Sandwiches, managed to receive loans as well due to a legal loophole, according to The New York Times.
  • Due to Ruth's Chris having fewer than 500 employees at a location, the organization was able to receive more than $20 million in funds.
  • Given that it made $227 million in 2020, many saw this as a misallotment of government resources.
  • While Ruth's Chris ultimately opted to return the money, Ryan Fertile, grandson to Ruth's Chris founder Ruth Fertile, opted to share some constructive criticism with the brand.
  • Taking to Twitter to voice his thoughts, Ryan condemned the chain for straying from his grandmother's morals by sharing a story of her kindness during hardships and disaster.
  • The New York Times reports that Ruth Fertile spent most of her life in New Orleans and scraped her way up to the top as a single mother with two children.
  • Ruth, seeking to send her sons to college, mortgaged her home to buy a New Orleans steakhouse that became successful, a true example of the American dream.
  • While Ruth's Chris did eventually return the loan they were provided, in the spirit of his grandmother's accomplishments, Ryan Fertile expressed on Twitter that they should have never taken the loan in the first place.
  • He wrote, "'I salute the decision you made yesterday to return the $20 million small business loan.
  • But it's not enough.
  • My grandmother believed in the virtue of giving, in community, in helping those in need." In particular, Ryan spotlighted how Ruth Fertile helped her local community after Hurricane Betsy devastated New Orleans and the surrounding cities and towns in Louisiana.
  • The hurricane hit very early into Ruth's work at the steakhouse, and the storm knocked out power for thousands of people.
  • In response, Ruth and her workers cooked steaks on gas grills to hand out to those affected.
  • What's more, her disaster response was by no means the end of Ruth's generosity.
  • She also employed a staff of single mothers, giving them the means to provide for their families that she desperately needed when founding the restaurant.
  • Acts like these encapsulated Ruth's kindness for those down on their luck, and Ryan reminded the chain that such selfless efforts were an integral part of Ruth's Chris' history.
  • "'That legacy is something that we cherish, it's something that we work very hard to live up to the standards that she set.'" Ryan Fertile was far from the only person to call out Ruth's Chris for taking a PPP loan.
  • Before the company agreed to return the $20 million in forgivable loans to the U.S. government, it took a petition of over 250,000 people to convince them.
  • The backlash to the $20 million was immense online, with small business owners taking to a Change.org petition to voice their frustration.
  • As the petition notes, not every small business could get the funds needed to stay afloat during the economic woes.
  • The organizer wrote, "'Many small businesses are now being told there is no money left for them and they cannot pay their employees and may have to close forever.
  • This is a travesty and a disgusting display of corporate greed during a time of disaster.'" Claims from lots of small business owners echoed this complaint and highlighted the fact that such a major corporation was hardly in need of that much extra funding.
  • Ultimately, the petition and public outcry worked, convincing Ruth's Chris to change its mind.
  • However, it's not the first time that the chain has encountered public woes.
  • Back in 2011, it was slapped with a class-action discrimination suit, and as Ruth's son and Ryan's uncle Randy revealed, there was a lot of infighting among the family, even when Ruth was alive.
  • In his memoir, he wrote, "'Nearly all the key players in the global empire of Ruth's Chris Steakhouse ended up suing her, to get what they felt they deserved.'" Despite the company's tumultuous reputation,
  • It is worth noting that Ruth's Chris has made charitable contributions.
  • According to their website, in the last 10 years, Ruth's Chris has donated well over $100,000 to groups including the National Children's Advocacy Center, Harvest Hope Food Bank, Siskin Children Institute,
  • Pattinson's Academy, and more.
  • The restaurant group says they are, quote, "'proud' to give back to their local communities by donating money, time, and service, though whether or not they live up to that claim is up to them."