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The Tesla Tower: The Incredible Story of the World's Most Powerful Wireless Energy System

Original YouTube Video | megaprojects9649 Published on 2023-07-17 Level：88 Speed：53 maxwordlevel：26

Video vocabulary

program

US / 'prəʊɡræm /

•

UK / ˈproˌɡræm, -ɡrəm /

noun
Small book of events in a play, concert or movie
A plan or schedule of events
Series of classes at a college or university
A computer application
TV show
verb
To make someone act or think in a certain way
To write computer code for a piece of software

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

shop

US / ʃɒp /

•

UK / ʃɑ:p /

noun
Place to learn how to fix or make things; class
Place where things are fixed or repaired, e.g. cars
Place which sells things
verb
To look for or buy goods or services

aspect

US / 'æspekt /

•

UK / ˈæspɛkt /

noun
Way something looks or seems to be
An element, feature, or quality of something

below

US / bɪ'ləʊ /

•

UK / bɪˈlo /

preposition
In a lower position, place, or level

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

image

US / 'ɪmɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈɪmɪdʒ /

noun
Picture, sculpture or painting of something
General idea or opinion of something
verb
To obtain pictures by scanning them with a machine

order

US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

noun
Religious or social group, as of nuns
Instructions to others to do what you want
State in which things are neat and organized
What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
Social or political control of an area
verb
To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
To give instructions to others to do what you want
To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

motivate

US / 'məʊtɪveɪt /

•

UK / ˈmotəˌvet /

verb
To give someone a reason, the will to do something

path

US / pɑ:θ /

•

UK / pæθ, pɑθ /

noun
Method of living leading to a particular result
Track made with stones, by walking over the ground

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

musk

US / mʌsk /

•

UK / mʌsk /

noun
Strong sweet-smelling substance used in perfume

pump

US / pʌmp /

•

UK / pʌmp /

noun
A device more moving liquids
Light woman's shoe
verb
To make liquid or gas flow in a particular direction
To make water/other liquid move using a machine
To move in or out, or up and down quickly
asking for information in an indirect way

steal

US / sti:l /

•

UK / stil /

noun
A bargain; something bought very cheaply
Act of taking the ball or a base from another
verb
To move quietly or secretly to or from a place
To secretly take something that belongs to another

thor

US / θɔː(r) /

•

UK / /

proper noun
The god of thunder, the weather, agriculture, and the home, the son of Odin and Freya (Frigga). Thur

rein

US / reɪn /

•

UK / ren /

noun
Control; limitation
Strap on a horse's head the rider controls it with
verb
To keep under control; limit; restrict

actress

US / ˈæktrəs /

•

UK / ˈæktrɪs /

noun
A woman or girl who acts on a stage or in a movie

circuit

US / ˈsɜ:kɪt /

•

UK / ˈsɜ:rkɪt /

noun
An area where cars race in a circle
Route for journey all the way around a place
Series of events moving from place to place
other
Electronic equipment consisting of switches
verb
To complete a journey all the way round an area

apparently

US / əˈpærəntli /

•

UK / əˈpærəntlɪ /

adverb
According to what you heard; from what can be seen

electromagnetic

US / ɪˌlektrəʊmægˈnetɪk /

•

UK / ɪˌlektroʊmægˈnetɪk /

adjecitve
Having magnetic and electrical parts

creator

US / kriˈeɪtə(r) /

•

UK / kriˈetɚ /

noun
Person who makes something original or new

deep

US / di:p /

•

UK / dip /

adjecitve
Complex and important
Extreme or intense
Going far down from the surface
Low in pitch, as a sound
adverb
At a certain distance beneath the surface

half

US / hɑ:f /

•

UK / hæf, hɑf /

adjecitve
Not complete
adverb
Partly; somewhat
noun
One of two equal periods of game time in a sport
The part you get when one is divided into two;

grand

US / ɡrænd /

•

UK / ɡrænd /

adjecitve
A counter for 1000 of something
Great in amount, number or size
Being highest in status or rank; impressive

man

US / mæn /

•

UK / mæn /

noun
Humans in general, including male and female
An adult male human being
Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
verb
To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)

investor

US / ɪnˈvestə(r) /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɛstɚ /

noun
Person who spends money to help businesses grow

horse

US / hɔ:s /

•

UK / hɔ:rs /

noun
Large animal with 4 legs used for riding
Stand or frame used to support something
verb
To fool around stupidly

plant

US / plɑ:nt /

•

UK / plænt /

noun
Factory or a place where things are made
Living thing with leaves and roots growing in soil
verb
To firmly position something (in the ground)
To put seeds, flowers, trees in the ground

stand

US / stænd /

•

UK / stænd /

noun
Effort to fight against something
Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
Place in a stadium where spectators watch
Table where things are sold at a fair or market
verb
To be a candidate in an election
To be able to accept someone, something; bear
To last for a long time
To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
To place something in a particular position; place
To be (as stated)
To still be valid
To have an opinion about something

state

US / steɪt /

•

UK / stet /

adjecitve
Concerning region within a country
noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in
verb
To say; declare as fact

client

US / 'klaɪənt /

•

UK / ˈklaɪənt /

noun
Person paying for professional services

big

US / bɪɡ /

•

UK / bɪɡ /

adjecitve
Popular
Serious
Large

electricity

US / ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti /

•

UK / ɪlɛkˈtrɪsɪti,ˌilɛk- /

noun
Energy generated positive and negative charges

navy

US / ˈneɪvi /

•

UK / ˈnevi /

noun
Very dark shade of blue
Armed force consisting of ships, sailors etc.

ionize

US / ˈaɪənaɪz /

•

UK / ˈaɪənaɪz /

verb
To cause something to become an ion by adding or removing electrons

free

US / fri: /

•

UK / fri /

adjecitve
Living, happening without being controlled
Costing no money
Not working; not busy
verb
To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison

across

US / əˈkrɔs /

•

UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /

adverb
Distance from one side to another
(Go) from one side to the other of something

traditional

US / trəˈdɪʃənl /

•

UK / trəˈdɪʃənəl /

adjecitve
Involved in a custom or event common to a people

send

US / send /

•

UK / sɛnd /

verb
To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
To cause mail or packages to go to another place
To move something quickly in a particular way
To give information or greetings to someone

special

US / 'speʃl /

•

UK / ˈspɛʃəl /

adjecitve
Being additional or extra
Different, better or greater than normal
noun
Heavily discounted sales item

operation

US / ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɑpəˈreʃən /

noun
Business or company, or its activities
Functioning; use
Medical procedure involving surgery

personal

US / ˈpɜ:sənl /

•

UK / ˈpɚsənəl /

adjecitve
Done by or to a particular person; individual
Concerning a person's private life or feelings

replace

US / rɪ'pleɪs /

•

UK / rɪˈples /

verb
To use instead of something else
To return an item to its original location

plaque

US / plæk /

•

UK / plæk /

noun
Sign on building as a reminder of an event/person
Hard matter that can build up on your teeth

never

US / 'nevə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnɛvɚ /

adverb
Not ever; not at any time

dine

US / daɪn /

•

UK / daɪn /

verb
To eat

anywhere

US / ˈeniweə(r) /

•

UK / ˈeniwer /

adverb
To any extent or degree (often used with not)
In, at or to any place
other
Use to indicate limits or variation

breakdown

US / 'breɪkdaʊn /

•

UK / ˈbrekˌdaʊn /

noun
When normal activity or behavior stops

somewhere

US / 'sʌmweə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌhwɛr, -ˌwɛr /

adverb
At or to an unknown or unnamed place

wooden

US / ˈwʊdn /

•

UK / ˈwʊdn /

adjecitve
(Of acting) without natural emotion; unconvincing
Made of wood

photography

US / fəˈtɒgrəfi /

•

UK / fəˈtɑ:grəfi /

noun
Art of taking pictures with a camera

modern

US / ˈmɔdən /

•

UK / ˈmɑdən /

adjecitve
Of the present time; up to date; contemporary

report

US / rɪ'pɔ:t /

•

UK / rɪˈpɔrt, ˈport /

noun
Account of the necessary facts and information
The telling of news in the media
Official statement about something
verb
To submit a report or bill to the government
To write in a newspaper or speak on a news program
To state something officially
To officially present yourself to an authority
To describe something by telling it to others

line

US / laɪn /

•

UK / laɪn /

noun
Border that divides two places or regions
Long crease in the skin, often from age
Mark that is long, straight and very thin
Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
Telephone connection
People waiting one behind the other; queue
Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
verb
To put material along the inside of something

matthew

US / ˈmæθjuː /

•

UK / ˈmæθju /

letter

US / 'letə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlɛtɚ /

noun
One of the 26 parts of the English alphabet
Message you put in an envelope and send by post

fortune

US / 'fɔ:tʃu:n /

•

UK / ˈfɔrtʃən /

noun
What might happen to you in the future
Chance or luck, particularly good luck
Very large amount of money

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

educational

US / ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl /

•

UK / ˌɛdʒəˈkeʃənəl /

adjecitve
Intended to teach or inform

career

US / kə'rɪə(r) /

•

UK / kəˈrɪr /

noun
Particular occupation in professional life
verb
To move forward very fast and without control

exchange

US / ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ /

•

UK / ɪksˈtʃendʒ /

noun
Sharing/directing a look, etc. at someone else
Short discussion or talk
The place you can change money to another currency
Place where things or services are exchanged
Act of returning something to a store
Act of giving a thing in return for another thing
verb
To share (a look, a few words etc.)
To sell one currency to get another
To return something to a store
To give things of similar value to each other

commemorate

US / kə'meməreɪt /

•

UK / kəˈmɛməˌret /

verb
To celebrate the memory of someone or some event

colorado

US / ˌkɒlə'rɑ:dəʊ /

•

UK / ˌkɑ:lə'rædoʊˌ -'rɑ:doʊ /

proper noun
A river that rises in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado and flows southwest for 1,468 miles (
A state in the central US; population 4,939,456 (est. 2008); capital, Denver. Colorado extends from
A river that flows east for 900 miles (1,450 km) across Texas, from the Llano Estacado to the Gulf o

worth

US / wɜ:θ /

•

UK / wɚθ /

other
the financial, practical or moral value of somebody/something
having a particular value, especially in money

wireless

US / 'waɪələs /

•

UK / ˈwaɪrlɪs /

adjecitve
Needing no wires to make something operate

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

text

US / tekst /

•

UK / tɛkst /

noun
Any form in which writing exists
Reading or audio passage, often a story or article
Written part of a book or other work
verb
To send a message by phone or other device

tower

US / 'taʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtaʊɚ /

noun
Tall, narrow building
Tall metal structure for broadcasting, or the view
verb
To be very good at something

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

resort

US / rɪ'zɔ:t /

•

UK / rɪ'zɔ:rt /

noun
Act of choosing something to help with a problem
Vacation hotel or complex; area for holidays

representative

US / ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv /

•

UK / ˌrɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv /

adjecitve
Acting or speaking for other people
Typical of a particular group or thing
noun
Typical example of a particular category
Politician who acts on behalf of the people
A person who acts as an agent or sales person

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

grant

US / ɡrɑ:nt /

•

UK / ɡrænt /

noun
Money given for education or research
Person's name
verb
To admit an opinion is true but not fully agreeing
To give or let someone do what they want

hello

US / hə'ləʊ /

•

UK / hɛˈlo, hə- /

exclamation
What you say when you meet someone

frequency

US / 'fri:kwənsɪ /

•

UK / ˈfrikwənsi /

noun
Number of repetitions of (radio or sound) wave
How often something happens

curtly

US / ˈkɜːtli /

•

UK / ˈkɜːrtli /

adverb
In a curt, abrupt and discourteous manner

developer

US / dɪˈveləpə(r) /

•

UK / dɪˈveləpər /

noun
Someone who develops real estate

wealthy

US / ˈwelθi /

•

UK / ˈwɛlθi /

adjecitve
Having a great quantity of money or property

system

US / 'sɪstəm /

•

UK / ˈsɪstəm /

adjecitve
Working in an organized, logical way
noun
Set of organized, planned ideas that work together

ocean

US / 'əʊʃn /

•

UK / ˈoʃən /

noun
Large body of salt water; a large sea

much

US / mʌtʃ /

•

UK / mʌtʃ /

adjecitve
Very; to a high level or degree
adverb
A lot; large amount; a high degree of
Nearly; basically
On many occasions; often
noun
A large amount; a great quantity

industrial

US / ɪnˈdʌstriəl /

•

UK / ɪnˈdʌstriəl /

adjecitve
Concerning making things in factories

individual

US / ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl /

•

UK / ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl /

adjecitve
Made for use by one single person
Having a distinct manner different from others
noun
Single person, looked at separately from others

earth

US / ɜ:θ /

•

UK / ɚθ /

noun
Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
The planet we live on
Soil in which we grow plants

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

financial

US / faɪˈnænʃl /

•

UK / faɪˈnænʃ(ə)l /

adjecitve
Involving money

few

US / fju: /

•

UK / fju /

pronoun
Not many, a small number

eccentricity

US / ˌeksenˈtrɪsəti /

•

UK / ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsɪti /

noun
Strange and unconventional behavior

evolve

US / ɪ'vɒlv /

•

UK / ɪˈvɑlv /

verb
To develop certain features
To develop or change slowly over time
To slowly change or develop into something better

rich

US / rɪtʃ /

•

UK / rɪtʃ /

adjecitve
Having a lot of money or valuable possessions
Containing a lot of exciting events or experiences and therefore very interesting
(of a color, sound, smell, etc.) Pleasantly deep or strong
If food is rich, it contains a large amount of oil, butter, eggs, or cream.

soon

US / su:n /

•

UK / sun /

adverb
At a time not long from now

renovation

US / ˌrenə'veɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌrenə'veɪʃn /

noun
Act of repairing or rebuilding a house, room, etc.

leviathan

US / ləˈvaɪəθən /

•

UK / ləˈvaɪəθən /

noun
Huge sea monster symbolizing evil

incredible

US / ɪnˈkredəbl /

•

UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəbəl /

adjecitve
Very good; amazing
Really good; amazing; great
Very hard to believe

charge

US / tʃɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / tʃɑrdʒ /

noun
An attack by running quickly toward someone
A price for a service or goods
When a battery has a certain amount of electricity
Amount of money you pay for a service
verb
To run quickly toward someone to attack them
To ask for money as a price for a service or goods
To put electricity in a battery
To give responsibility to take care of or manage
To state that someone has committed a crime

doubt

US / daʊt /

•

UK / daʊt /

noun
Not being sure of something; lack of certainty
verb
To question the truth or certainty of something

begin

US / bɪ'ɡɪn /

•

UK / ˈbeɡɪn /

verb
To do the first part of an action; to start

shoot

US / ʃu:t /

•

UK / ʃut /

noun
Emerging new part of a plant
verb
To kick or throw a ball at a goal
To fire a gun; injure or kill someone with a gun
To (cause to) fly away forcefully
To use a camera to record a film/take a photograph

mystery

US / ˈmɪstri /

•

UK / ˈmɪstəri /

noun
Quality of being strange and not understood
Book, play, or film about solving a strange crime
Something that is not known

street

US / stri:t /

•

UK / strit /

noun
Road in a city with buildings and places to walk

question

US / 'kwestʃən /

•

UK / ˈkwɛstʃən /

noun
Issue or problems you are dealing with
What you ask about; issue
verb
To ask for or try to get information
To have or express concerns or uncertainty

ownership

US / ˈəʊnəʃɪp /

•

UK / ˈoʊnərʃɪp /

noun
State of having a legal right to possess something

newfoundland

US / ˌnju:fəndˈlænd /

•

UK / ˈnufənlənd, -ˌlænd, -fənd-, ˈnju- /

noun
A breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and
other
An island in the north Atlantic

highly

US / ˈhaɪli /

•

UK / 'haɪlɪ /

adverb
In a manner that shows approval
More than usual; to a great degree

financier

US / faɪˈnænsiə(r) /

•

UK / ˌfɪnənˈsɪr /

noun
Someone who lends money to businesses

generate

US / ˈdʒenəreɪt /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛnəˌret /

verb
To create or be produced or bring into existence
To create electricity, heat, energy and power

cornwall

US / ˈkɔ:nwɔ:l /

•

UK / ˈkɔrnˌwɔl /

other
A hilly county in southwestern England

convince

US / kən'vɪns /

•

UK / kənˈvɪns /

verb
To persuade someone, or make them feel sure

astoria

US / ˌæˈstɔriə /

•

UK / /

proper noun
A city in northwestern Oregon, near the mouth of the Columbia River on the Pacific coast; population
A section of northwestern Queens in New York City, noted for its large Greek American population.

regularly

US / ˈregjələli /

•

UK / ˈregjələrli /

adverb
At the usual time each day, week, or month

though

US / ðəu /

•

UK / ðo /

adverb
Although, despite the fact that

steel

US / sti:l /

•

UK / stil /

adjecitve
Made of, or partly made of, a strong silvery metal
noun
Very strong or determined character in a person
Very strong metal made of iron, etc.
verb
To prepare yourself for something difficult

scrap

US / skræp /

•

UK / skræp /

adjecitve
Unneeded and thrown away
noun
A fight with someone
Small piece of something especially paper or cloth
other
Wasted things such as metal
verb
To fight with someone

mount

US / maʊnt /

•

UK / maʊnt /

noun
An attachment used to keep something in place
Title of a specific mountain
Horse that someone is riding
verb
To attach something to something else
To set a picture, jewel etc. in
To sit on a horse or bike in order to ride it
To climb a mountain
To organize an exhibition, race etc.
To start (an attack) against an enemy

light

US / laɪt /

•

UK / laɪt /

adjecitve
Being bright making it easy to see; not dark
Being pale and lacking darkness of color
Not heavy; weighing only a little
adverb
Carrying few bags when traveling
noun
A source of energy that makes a room or area bright
Way in which something or someone is understood
verb
To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
To provide a way to see ahead

possibly

US / ˈpɒsəbli /

•

UK / ˈpɑ:səbli /

adverb
May be true or likely, but is uncertain

pace

US / peɪs /

•

UK / pes /

noun
Rate of speed at which something moves or happens
Single step, often used to measure a distance
verb
To set and control your speed, as in a race
To walk with slow purposeful steps

initiate

US / ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt /

•

UK / ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt /

verb
To cause something to begin
To allow someone into a group by a special ceremony

fan

US / fæn /

•

UK / fæn /

noun
Thing you wave in front of your face to stay cool
Someone who admires a famous person, sport etc.
verb
To blow air upon a fire to make it stronger
To use a device to cool yourself, something

face

US / feɪs /

•

UK / fes /

noun
Side or outer surface of something
An expression using mouth, nose, eyes etc.
Front part of the head where eyes, mouth etc. are
Characteristics you show in public
verb
To cover a surface with something like paint
To deal with a problem or responsibilities
To look toward; point in a certain direction

control

US / kən'trəʊl /

•

UK / kənˈtrol /

noun
A device designed to operate a machine
Participant in experiment that is left untouched
Act to dominate or command; make manageable
A law limiting the growth or spread of something
A place which overseas or manages e.g. a factory
verb
To direct or influence the behavior of something

considerable

US / kənˈsɪdərəbl /

•

UK / kənˈsɪdərəbəl /

adjecitve
Large in size, amount, or effect

conductive

US / kənˈdʌktɪv /

•

UK / kənˈdʌktɪv /

adjecitve
Having the quality of conducting heat, electricity

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

since

US / sɪns /

•

UK / sɪns /

adverb
At a point before the present time
conjunction
For this reason; because
preposition
From the time in the past that

test

US / test /

•

UK / test /

noun
A medical examination
Action to establish the truth or nature of
Examination; questions to measure knowledge
verb
To be given a medical examination
To try to establish the truth or nature of
To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

tour

US / tʊə(r) /

•

UK / tʊr /

noun
A trip to several places to perform a show
A journey to visit several places for pleasure
verb
To travel to several places to perform a show
To visit several places for pleasure

ultraviolet

US / ˌʌltrə'vaɪələt /

•

UK / ˌʌltrəˈvaɪəlɪt /

adjecitve
Concerning light waves that are extremely short

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

specifically

US / spəˈsɪfɪkli /

•

UK / spəˈsɪfɪkli /

adverb
As regards a particular thing; closely related to
In particular

source

US / sɔ:s /

•

UK / sɔrs, sors /

adjecitve
Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
noun
Piece of information; a person giving information
Place from which something necessary comes
verb
To get, e.g. a raw material, from somewhere

sophistication

US / səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃn /

noun
Worldliness; experience; stylish taste

mortgage

US / 'mɔ:ɡɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈmɔrɡɪdʒ /

noun
Long-term loan from a bank for buying property

land

US / lænd /

•

UK / lænd /

noun
Region or country
Earth; the ground
verb
To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
To obtain or get something that you wanted
To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
To cause to arrive in a specific place or state

manufacture

US / ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˌmænjəˈfæktʃɚ /

verb
To produce large numbers of products in a factory
To create a story or explanation that is not true

grow

US / ɡrəʊ /

•

UK / ɡro /

verb
To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
To improve; to develop better skills over time
To develop and become bigger or taller over time

foreclosure

US / fɔ:ˈkləʊʒə(r) /

•

UK / fɔ:rˈkloʊʒə(r) /

noun
Proceedings to gain assets when debt is not paid

funding

US / ˈfʌndɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈfʌndɪŋ /

verb
To supply money for something

die

US / daɪ /

•

UK / daɪ /

noun
Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
verb
To cease to function or work
(Of a thing) to stop being used or done
(Of a person) to stop living

ask

US / ɑ:sk /

•

UK / æsk /

verb
To say to someone that you want something

something

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

adverb
In some degree or measure
noun
a person or thing of some value or consequence
pronoun
Thing that is not yet known or named
Approximately

paint

US / peɪnt /

•

UK / pent /

noun
Colored liquid you apply with a brush
verb
To make a picture with colored liquids
To describe as
To apply a color, oil or sealant with a brush

east

US / i:st /

•

UK / i:st /

noun
Direction where the sun rises
Geographic area including India, China, Japan etc.

finally

US / ˈfaɪnəli /

•

UK / ˈfaɪnəli /

adverb
used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
After a long time or some difficulty

cable

US / ˈkeɪbl /

•

UK / ˈkebəl /

noun
Wire carrying electricity, TV signals, internet
verb
To transmit a message over a wire

yacht

US / jɒt /

•

UK / jɑ:t /

noun
Large expensive boat

revel

US / 'revl /

•

UK / ˈrɛvəl /

verb
To get a lot of enjoyment from; celebrate

permanently

US / 'pɜ:mənəntlɪ /

•

UK / ˈpəmənəntlɪ /

adverb
For a long time; always

meet

US / mi:t /

•

UK / mit /

noun
Sporting competition e.g. swimming
verb
To provide something that is necessary
To come together at a certain time or place

mostly

US / ˈməʊstli /

•

UK / ˈmoʊstli /

adverb
In large part; mainly or chiefly

most

US / məʊst /

•

UK / most /

adverb
Very; extremely
Greatest possible degree
pronoun
Nearly all of something

large

US / lɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

adjecitve
Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

dispose

US / dɪ'spəʊz /

•

UK / dɪˈspoz /

verb
To get rid of by throwing away

US / ʃeə(r) /

•

UK / ʃɛr /

noun
Part-ownership in a property, business or company
Part of a company you own, shown by a certificate
verb
To divide something between two or more people
To allow others to use your things equally
To give information, etc. to someone

national

US / 'næʃnəl /

•

UK / ˈnæʃənəl, ˈnæʃnəl /

adjecitve
Concerning a nation as a whole
noun
A person of a particular country

press

US / pres /

•

UK / prɛs /

noun
Machine using pressure to shape, flatten, squeeze
General term for TV, radio, newspapers
A machine that prints books and newspapers
verb
To make clothes smooth using a heated iron; iron
To repeatedly ask someone to do something
To print something such as a book or newspaper
To push something against something else
To squeeze the liquid out of grapes, etc.

plug

US / plʌg /

•

UK / plʌɡ /

noun
Wood, rubber or metal used to block a hole
Thing on a wire to connect to electricity supply
A promotion of a product
verb
To use an object to block a hole
To promote or advertise a product

horizon

US / həˈraɪzn /

•

UK / həˈraɪzn /

noun
Line where the earth or sea meets the sky
Limits of someone's experience or understanding

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

grip

US / ɡrɪp /

•

UK / ɡrɪp /

noun
Strong understanding of an idea
Control over something or someone
Part of an object to help you hold onto it
Act of holding something firmly
other
Control over something or someone
verb
To hold someone's interest
To hold something in your hand very firmly

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

europe

US / ˈjʊərəp /

•

UK / ˈjʊrəp /

noun
A continent including Germany, France and Spain
other
The second smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use 'Europe' to re

venture

US / 'ventʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈvɛntʃɚ /

adjecitve
(Business activity) taking chances or risks
noun
(Business) activity involving calculated risks
verb
To risk something, such as money
To face the dangers, take the risk of something
To say something; to dare to speak your mind

until

US / ənˈtɪl /

•

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

conjunction
Up to; to a time when something happens
preposition
Before (a specific time)

money

US / 'mʌnɪ /

•

UK / ˈmʌni /

noun
Coins or notes we use to pay for things

propose

US / prə'pəʊz /

•

UK / prəˈpoz /

verb
To make an offer of marriage
To offer or put forward an idea for consideration

manhattan

US / mæn'hætn /

•

UK / mæn'hætn: /

noun
A cocktail made with whiskey and sweet vermouth with a dash of bitters
other
One of the five boroughs of New York City

ignore

US / ɪɡ'nɔ:(r) /

•

UK / ɪɡˈnɔr, -ˈnor /

verb
To not listen to, look at, or pay attention to

frame

US / freɪm /

•

UK / frem /

noun
Structure that holds a picture or photo
A person's body shape determined by their skeleton
Main part of structures supporting the other parts
verb
To make a person that is not guilty appear guilty
To put say or write something in a careful way
To put a picture in a protective structure

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

abandon

US / ə'bændən /

•

UK / əˈbændən /

noun
Wild, carefree behavior
verb
To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
To withdraw your support, or leave someone
To stop doing or having (hope, plans); give up
To leave a place, car and not go back
To surrender to a desire, with little self-control

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

wave

US / weɪv /

•

UK / wev /

noun
Movement of sound, air or energy
Deep and strong emotion that is suddenly felt
Slightly curved shape in hair
Frequency of movement of objects together
Up and down movement of water in a lake or sea
Signal with your hand to say hello or goodbye
verb
To cause to move side to side or back and forth
To swing back and forth as a result of the wind
To move your hand or arm to say hello or goodbye

suit

US / su:t /

•

UK / sut /

noun
Set of clothes including jacket and pants or skirt
Law case involving a claim of some kind
Set of playing cards such as hearts or diamonds
verb
To be appropriate for a given situation
(Of clothes) to look good on someone

proportion

US / prəˈpɔ:ʃn /

•

UK / prəˈpɔrʃən, -ˈpor- /

noun
A part of a whole thing
State of balance between two or more things
Size of one thing compared to the size of another
verb
To balance the size of something with another

secretary

US / 'sekrətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɛkrɪˌtɛri /

noun
Office worker who makes appointments, etc.
Official in charge of a governmental department

inject

US / ɪn'dʒekt /

•

UK / ɪnˈdʒɛkt /

verb
To add or put in more (money, energy etc.)
To motivate or put energy into something
To put medicine into someone with a syringe

layer

US / ˈleiə /

•

UK / ˈleɚ /

noun
One of several sheets of a material or object
verb
To put things one on top of another

luxurious

US / lʌgˈʒʊəriəs /

•

UK / lʌgˈʒʊriəs /

adjecitve
Being very comfortable, beautiful, and expensive

help

US / help /

•

UK / hɛlp /

noun
Something given to enable a person to do something
Assistance given to someone in need
Someone who makes something easier or possible
verb
To act to enable a person to do something; assist
To make something better or less difficult

decide

US / dɪ'saɪd /

•

UK / dɪˈsaɪd /

verb
To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
To make a legal judgment in court
to affect the result of something

experiment

US / ɪk'sperɪmənt /

•

UK / ɪkˈspɛrəmənt /

noun
Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
verb
To create and perform tests to research something
To try something new that you haven't tried before

dive

US / daɪv /

•

UK / daɪv /

noun
Restaurant, bar or club with a bad reputation
Rapid fall through air
A jump into water head-first from a high place
Rapid fall in the value or price of something
verb
To swim deep under water with an air supply
To rapid fall through air
To jump into water head-first
(Of prices) to rapidly fall

distance

US / 'dɪstəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪstəns /

noun
Lack of friendliness toward another person
Amount of space between two places or things
verb
To make it clear that you are not involved

audio

US / ˈɔ:diəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔ:dioʊ /

adjecitve
Concerning sound

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

aim

US / eɪm /

•

UK / em /

noun
Act of pointing something at a target
Purpose or goal
verb
To point something at a target
To intend to get a thing or for a thing to happen

company

US / 'kʌmpənɪ /

•

UK / ˈkʌmpəni /

noun
Good feeling from being with someone else
A business that sells things or provides services
Guests, especially in your home
Being with another person rather than alone

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

ambition

US / æmˈbɪʃn /

•

UK / æmˈbɪʃən /

noun
Desire to win or be successful in life, work

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

tube

US / tju:b /

•

UK / tub,tjub /

noun
Plastic or metal container for soft substances
Long hollow pipe used to hold or liquids or gases

picture

US / 'pɪktʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpɪktʃɚ /

noun
General situation or state of being
Mental image of what something is or looks like
Movie; film
Painting, drawing or photograph on paper or screen
verb
To understand or imagine something
To imagine someone or something in an image

owner

US / ˈəʊnə(r) /

•

UK / ˈoʊnə(r) /

noun
Person who owns or has something

owe

US / əʊ /

•

UK / o /

verb
To need to do something in return for a favor etc.
To credit someone or thing for making it possible
To have a commitment to pay someone for something

madness

US / ˈmædnəs /

•

UK / ˈmædnɪs /

noun
Obsolete term for legal insanity

foreshadow

US / fɔ:ˈʃædəʊ /

•

UK / fɔ:rˈʃædoʊ /

verb
To be a sign of future events

goodbye

US / ˌɡʊd'baɪ /

•

UK / ˌɡʊd'baɪ /

noun
Something you say when you leave someone

far

US / fɑ:(r) /

•

UK / fɑr /

adjecitve
A long way away
Being a long way away
adverb
To a large degree or extent

call

US / kɔ:l /

•

UK / kɔl /

noun
A order or request for action
The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
A short visit to a place or person
A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
verb
To make a request or order for action
(Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
To announce the date of an election
To make a judgment about something
To give someone or something a name
To guess in advance the result or outcome
To visit a place or person for a short time
To phone someone
To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

two

US / tu: /

•

UK / tu /

number
2

spring

US / sprɪŋ /

•

UK / sprɪŋ /

noun
Coil of metal that lessens impact, e.g. on cars
Sudden jump from one place to another
The time when plants start growing after winter
Place where water flows from beneath the ground
verb
To lessen the impact of something under pressure
To jump into the air

speculation

US / ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌspɛkjəˈleʃən /

noun
Taking risks that might lead to big profits
Prediction or guess about future events/outcomes

put

US / pʊt /

•

UK / pʊt /

phrasal verb
to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
verb
To move or place a thing in a particular position
To rate something in importance or value
To write or say something in a certain manner

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

possibility

US / ˌpɒsə'bɪlətɪ /

•

UK / ˌpɑsəˈbɪlɪti /

noun
Something with a chance of happening or being true

join

US / dʒɔɪn /

•

UK / dʒɔɪn /

verb
To bring something close to another, to become one
To become a member of
To participate in an activity with others

gig

US / gɪg /

•

UK / ɡɪɡ /

noun
Show; performance; job for a musician or performer
Job that lasts for a short amount of time

elon

US / /

•

UK / /

electrical

US / ɪˈlektrɪkl /

•

UK / ɪˈlektrɪkl /

adjecitve
Related or connected to electricity

connection

US / kəˈnekʃn /

•

UK / kəˈnɛkʃən /

noun
Something that joins things together; being joined
Person you know who can help you in some way
Changing vehicles when traveling

clean

US / kli:n /

•

UK / klin /

adjecitve
Not marked in any way; blank
Done according to the rules or standards; fair
Free from disease or sickness
Being free from dirt or marks; washed
Behaving well; not breaking any rules; legal
adverb
Completely; entirely
verb
To make free from dirt or marks; washed
To make neat and orderly e.g. a room
To remove the inner parts of an animal

ton

US / tʌn /

•

UK / tʌn /

noun
Unit of weight; 907 kilograms (US); 1016 (UK)

insert

US / ɪnˈsɜ:t /

•

UK / ɪnˈsɜ:rt /

noun
Act of putting into a certain place or spot
verb
To put something into a certain place or spot

complex

US / 'kɒmpleks /

•

UK / kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks /

adjecitve
Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
noun
Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
Psychological issue regarding self-image

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

understand

US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

verb
To know the meaning of language, what someone says

pick

US / pɪk /

•

UK / pɪk /

noun
Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
Item selected from a group of choices
verb
To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
To decide on a thing from various choices; select
To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

mysterious

US / mɪˈstɪəriəs /

•

UK / mɪˈstɪriəs /

adjecitve
Unusual; hard to understand or work out

principal

US / ˈprɪnsəpl /

•

UK / ˈprɪnsəpəl /

adjecitve
Being the main or most important
noun
Leading person in a group of musicians or dancers
Head teacher of a school
Original amount of money borrowed

north

US / nɔ:θ /

•

UK / nɔ:rθ /

adjecitve
Coming from the opposite direction to the south
noun
Direction to your left when facing the rising sun

luck

US / lʌk /

•

UK / lʌk /

noun
Accidental way things happen, often good things

involve

US / ɪn'vɒlv /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɑlv /

verb
To have or be included as a part of something

interested

US / ˈɪntrəstɪd /

•

UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪd, -tərɪstɪd, -təˌrɛstɪd /

adjecitve
Having had your attention taken; curious
verb
To make someone want to know about something
To persuade to do, become involved with something

ship

US / ʃɪp /

•

UK / ʃɪp /

noun
Large boat
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

war

US / wɔ:(r) /

•

UK / wɔr /

noun
Situation where armies fight each other

nearly

US / ˈniəli /

•

UK / ˈnɪrli /

adverb
Not completely; almost

architect

US / ˈɑ:kɪtekt /

•

UK / ˈɑrkɪˌtɛkt /

noun
Person who designs and advises on buildings

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

achieve

US / ə'tʃi:v /

•

UK / əˈtʃiv /

verb
To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard

plea

US / pli: /

•

UK / pli /

noun
Response given by a person charged with a crime
Urgent request

platform

US / 'plætfɔ:m /

•

UK / ˈplætˌfɔrm /

noun
Flat, raised structure that people stand on
Area from which you board a train at a station

opportunity

US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /

•

UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /

noun
Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance

july

US / dʒuˈlaɪ /

•

UK / dʒʊˈlaɪ /

noun
7th month of the year

dream

US / dri:m /

•

UK / drim /

noun
A wish or hope for something to happen
Imagination or image of something you want
Images, thoughts, feelings experienced when asleep
verb
To wish for something to happen
To experience thoughts, images while asleep

donation

US / dəʊˈneɪʃn /

•

UK / doʊˈneɪʃn /

noun
Gift or money given to help support a cause

child

US / tʃaɪld /

•

UK / tʃaɪld /

noun
A very young person, between about 2 and 15

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

wire

US / 'waɪə(r) /

•

UK / waɪr /

noun
Thin, flexible thread of metal
Thin string of metal used to carry electricity
Act of sending a message by telegraph
verb
To connect two or more things together with cable
To send money to someone electronically
To send or send word to by telegraph

trial

US / ˈtraɪəl /

•

UK / ˈtraɪəl, traɪl /

adjecitve
Being made or done as a test or experiment
noun
Hearing and judgment of a case in court
Act or process of testing or experimenting
verb
To be made or done as a test or experiment

tall

US / tɔ:l /

•

UK / tɔl /

adjecitve
High in height

south

US / saʊθ /

•

UK / saʊθ /

adjecitve
Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
Coming from the opposite direction from north
noun
The direction to your right of the rising sun

portfolio

US / pɔ:t'fəʊlɪəʊ /

•

UK / pɔrtˈfoliˌo, port- /

noun
A list of the financial assets held by someone
List of work submitted to a teacher/for approval

measure

US / ˈmeʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɛʒɚ /

noun
Plan to achieve a desired result
Tool used to calculate the size of something
verb
To determine the value or importance of something
To calculate size, weight or temperature of

museum

US / mjuˈzi:əm /

•

UK / mjuˈziəm /

noun
Building to display art/science/history objects

planet

US / 'plænɪt /

•

UK / ˈplænɪt /

noun
One of the bodies that orbit the sun

panic

US / 'pænɪk /

•

UK / ˈpænɪk /

noun
Overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety
verb
To feel sudden anxiety and fear and cannot think

now

US / naʊ /

•

UK / naʊ /

adverb
At the present time or moment
Right away or in the next possible moment
Used to refer to something that just happened
Time between the present and a moment in the past
conjunction
Resulting from or because of something

hollow

US / ˈhɒləʊ /

•

UK / ˈhɑ:loʊ /

adjecitve
(Of objects) having nothing inside; not solid
Lacking value, sincerity, or meaning
(E.g. of a laugh) lacking strength and emotion
(Sound) produced when something empty is hit
Appearing sunken or curved down
noun
Gap or indented surface
Area of land a little deeper than the surface
verb
To make a solid object have a large hole inside it

friend

US / frend /

•

UK / frɛnd /

noun
Person who you like and enjoy being with

effectiveness

US / ɪˌfek'tɪvnɪs /

•

UK / əˈfɛktɪvnɪs /

noun
Degree of how well something works or is done

whether

US / ˈweðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

conjunction
If something will happen or not

harness

US / 'hɑ:nɪs /

•

UK / ˈhɑrnɪs /

noun
Equipment used by horses to pull things
verb
To capture the power of something

description

US / dɪˈskrɪpʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈskrɪpʃən /

noun
Explanation of what something is like, looks like

coil

US / kɔɪl /

•

UK / kɔɪl /

noun
Wire wound into circles to carry electricity
Long material wound into circular rings
verb
To curl or wind around especially in neat rings
To make (rope, hair, etc.) into circles; wind

business

US / ˈbɪznəs /

•

UK / ˈbɪznɪs /

noun
A company formed for making profit
Matter that has to be dealt with; task; situation
Activity of working to make a profit

testament

US / ˈtestəmənt /

•

UK / ˈtɛstəmənt /

noun
Evidence or proof (usually of something good)

weigh

US / weɪ /

•

UK / weɪ /

verb
To balance things against each other
To consider something carefully to form an opinion
To determine the weight of, using scales

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

video

US / 'vɪdɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈvɪdiˌo /

adjecitve
Of a moving film, with sound
noun
Recording capturing action with sound
verb
To make a moving film of, with sound

sum

US / sʌm /

•

UK / sʌm /

noun
Amount when all is added together; total
verb
To add two or more numbers together; total

online

US / ˌɒnˈlaɪn /

•

UK / ˌɑ:nˈlaɪn /

adjecitve
Connected to the internet

lend

US / lend /

•

UK / lɛnd /

verb
To let someone borrow something for a while
To give help or support to someone in need

presumably

US / prɪˈzju:məbli /

•

UK / prɪˈzu:məbli /

adverb
So as to be likely to be true or correct

oatmeal

US / ˈəʊtmi:l /

•

UK / ˈoʊtmi:l /

noun
Cereal made from rolled or ground oats

invention

US / ɪnˈvenʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɛnʃən /

noun
Something new that is different from other things
Power or ability to create new things
Process of creating a new device or idea

george

US / dʒɔ:dʒ /

•

UK / dʒɔ:dʒ /

noun
Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in whic

signal

US / 'sɪɡnəl /

•

UK / ˈsɪɡnəl /

adjecitve
Most important or most noticeable
noun
Movement of a hand or other means to send messages
Act/sound that tells people to do/start something
Road-side lights that direct traffic to go or stop
Sound and light waves carrying TV and radio data
verb
To be evidence/an indication something will happen
To make a noise or motion to tell someone to start

nobody

US / ˈnəʊbədi /

•

UK / ˈnoʊbədi /

pronoun
No person; no one; not any person

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

demonstrate

US / 'demənstreɪt /

•

UK / ˈdɛmənˌstret /

verb
To display a feeling or ability openly
To protest about something often as a group
To prove or make clear by reasoning or evidence
To show how something works (e.g. product)

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

whole

US / həul /

•

UK / hol /

adjecitve
Complete or full; all of
Being in a good condition
noun
Complete amount or sum; total

radio

US / ˈreɪdiəʊ /

•

UK / ˈreɪdioʊ /

adjecitve
Concerning the broadcasting of sound
noun
System of sending/receiving signals through air
Device to listen to broadcast programs, messages
verb
To broadcast a message to be heard by radio

powerful

US / ˈpauəful /

•

UK / ˈpaʊəfəl /

adjecitve
Having control or influence over
Having a lot of physical force, energy, strength

maybe

US / ˈmeɪbi /

•

UK / ˈmebi /

adverb
Possibly but not certainly; perhaps

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

historical

US / /

•

UK / /

adjecitve
Connected with the past

italian

US / ɪ'tælɪən /

•

UK / ɪˈtæljən /

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Italy
noun
Person from Italy

foreclose

US / fɔ:'kləʊz /

•

UK / fɔrˈkloz, for- /

verb
Banking to take the house if mortgage is not paid

alternate

US / ɔ:lˈtɜ:nət /

•

UK / ˈɔ:ltərnət /

verb
To follow one thing after another repeatedly

belief

US / bɪˈli:f /

•

UK / bɪˈlif /

noun
Being sure that something exists or is true
Trust in an idea or set of ideas
A particular opinion about something

creative

US / krɪ'eɪtɪv /

•

UK / kriˈetɪv /

adjecitve
Having the ability to make something new

fit

US / fɪt /

•

UK / fɪt /

adjecitve
Good looking; physically attractive
Proper or acceptable; morally or socially correct
noun
Sudden loss of body control; attack (of crying)
verb
To install a machine, equipment etc.
To adjust or change to the right size or shape
To be the right size and shape that you want

little

US / 'lɪtl /

•

UK / ˈlɪtl /

adjecitve
Being short in length of time
Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
Being very young or younger than others
adverb
By an amount or degree that is not very much
Not often; rarely
noun
A person's name

investment

US / ɪnˈvestmənt /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɛstmənt /

noun
Something purchased hoping its value will increase
Act of giving time, energy to see a future reward

james

US / dʒeimz /

•

UK / dʒemz /

proper noun
The name of seven Stuart kings of Scotland.
The name of two kings of England, Ireland, and Scotland.

lead

US / li:d /

•

UK / lid /

adjecitve
Being the main part in movies or plays
noun
Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
Information that could help to solve a crime
Main part in a play or movie
Heavy, gray metal element
Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
Act of being at the front in a race or game
verb
To show the way or guide others
To be at the front of a race or game
To travel in front of; go in advance of others

murder

US / 'mɜ:də(r) /

•

UK / ˈmɚdɚ /

noun
Something that is difficult or painful to do
Crime of deliberately killing a person
verb
To intentionally kill a person
To spoil, ruin something by doing it poorly

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

mention

US / 'menʃn /

•

UK / ˈmɛnʃən /

noun
Act of referring to or talking about something
verb
To refer to or talk or write about something

stability

US / stəˈbɪləti /

•

UK / stəˈbɪlɪti /

noun
Quality or state of being even or consistent

receive

US / rɪ'si:v /

•

UK / rɪˈsiv /

verb
To get something someone has given or sent to you
To allow someone to become a member (of a club)
To welcome someone as a guest into your home
To respond to (e.g. news) in a particular way

wall

US / wɔ:l /

•

UK / wɔl /

noun
High, flat side of a room or building

transatlantic

US / ˌtrænzətˈlæntɪk /

•

UK / ˌtrænsətˈlæntɪk, ˌtrænz- /

adjecitve
Going across the Atlantic Ocean

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

bolt

US / bəʊlt /

•

UK / boʊlt /

noun
Line of electricity in the sky from lightning
Piece of metal for joining two things together
verb
To lock by putting a piece of metal across a door
To run away suddenly; jump into action

colleague

US / 'kɒli:ɡ /

•

UK / ˈkɑlˌiɡ /

noun
Person you work or cooperate with

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

generator

US / ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛnəˌretɚ /

noun
Machine that produces electrical power

live

US / lɪv /

•

UK / liv /

adjecitve
Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
Glowing because burning; hot
Not yet killed (for food)
adverb
(Music, drama) as it is performed
verb
To be alive
To experience a particular type of life
To make your home in a house or town

rent

US / rent /

•

UK / rɛnt /

verb
To give the use of something in return for payment
To cut a piece of cloth by tearing it

simply

US / ˈsɪmpli /

•

UK / ˈsɪmpli /

adverb
In an easy or clear manner

therefore

US / ˈðeəfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / ˈðerfɔ:(r) /

adverb
And so; for that reason

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

answer

US / 'ɑ:nsə(r) /

•

UK / ˈænsɚ /

noun
Reply to a question someone asks
Solution to a problem or test question
verb
To reply to a question someone asks
To solve a test question or a problem

click

US / klɪk /

•

UK / klɪk /

noun
The sound a computer mouse makes when you press it
A short, slight, and sharp sound
verb
To work well with someone or something
To press a computer mouse
To make a short, slight, and sharp sound

goal

US / ɡəʊl /

•

UK / ɡol /

noun
Something you try to do or achieve; an aim
(Sports) net into which you put a ball to score
(Sports) act of scoring by putting a ball in a net

favourite

US / ˈfeɪvərɪt /

•

UK / 'fevərɪt /

adjecitve
Best liked or most enjoyed
noun
A thing that someone likes best or enjoys most

forthcoming

US / ˌfɔ:θˈkʌmɪŋ /

•

UK / ˌfɔ:rθˈkʌmɪŋ /

adjecitve
About to appear, happen or arrive

park

US / pɑ:k /

•

UK / pɑ:rk /

noun
Person's name
Public green area in a town for exercise, relaxing
Field upon which a sport is played, e.g. baseball
verb
To stay still without moving
To leave your car, bike in a certain place

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

stanford

US / ˈstænfəd /

•

UK / ˈstænfərd /

rejection

US / rɪ'dʒekʃn /

•

UK / rɪˈdʒɛkʃən /

noun
Decision that something is not good enough
Act of refusing to consider or believe

concede

US / kən'si:d /

•

UK / kənˈsid /

verb
To admit that something is true

entire

US / ɪn'taɪə(r) /

•

UK / ɛnˈtaɪr /

adjecitve
Complete or full; with no part left out; whole

entrepreneur

US / ˌɒntrəprə'nɜ:(r) /

•

UK / ˌɑntrəprəˈnɚ, -ˈnʊr /

noun
Businessperson who develops new businesses

famous

US / 'feɪməs /

•

UK / ˈfeməs /

adjecitve
Excellent
Widely known; recognized by many people

john

US / dʒɔn /

•

UK / dʒɑn /

noun
A toilet.
A prostitute's client.
proper noun
(1165–1216), son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine; king of England 1199–1216; known as John Lack
The name of six kings of Portugal.

loomis

US / lu: /

•

UK / lu /

love

US / lʌv /

•

UK / lʌv /

noun
Person's name
A very strong feeling of affection
The person you care very deeply about
Strong, deep emotional and sexual attraction
verb
To care for and like someone very strongly, deeply
To like doing very much; enjoy greatly
To feel a strong emotional and romantic attraction

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

message

US / 'mesɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈmɛsɪdʒ /

noun
Main idea or theme in a story, book, or film
Piece of information that is told/given to someone
verb
To communicate using text

power

US / 'paʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

noun
Legal or official right to perform certain actions
Ability to move forcefully and quickly
Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
Mathematical way to multiply a number
Condition of being in political control
Physical force, energy, and strength
verb
To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
To move something forcefully and quickly

one

US / wʌn /

•

UK / wʌn /

pronoun
You; we; people in general; someone
The thing or person previously referred to
adjecitve
Used to refer to people generally
Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
number
Number 1

quote

US / kwəʊt /

•

UK / kwot /

noun
Written statement of the cost of something
The (often wise or famous) words of another person
verb
To tell someone how much a task will cost
To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

turn

US / tɜ:n /

•

UK / tɚn /

noun
Place where changing of direction happens
Your time or chance to perform a duty
Your chance to play or do in say a game
Unexpected change, as in the weather
verb
To become (a particular age)
To become a different quality, color, etc.
To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
To move in an opposite direction or position
To shape metal with a spinning tool

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

adjust

US / əˈdʒʌst /

•

UK / əˈdʒʌst /

verb
To change; to attain a desired state or function
To change so as to fit in with new conditions

contact

US / 'kɒntækt /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌtækt /

adjecitve
Touching or feeling something
noun
Touching or feeling something
Object that allows electricity to run through it
Communication with someone or something
People who can give you information, introductions
verb
To get in touch with someone

bad

US / bæd /

•

UK / bæd /

adjecitve
Not good; wrong
Lacking in good morals; evil
No longer fresh; spoiled

december

US / dɪˈsembə(r) /

•

UK / dɪˈsɛmbɚ /

noun
The 12th month of the year

ingenuity

US / ˌɪndʒə'nju:ətɪ /

•

UK / ˌɪndʒəˈnuɪti, -ˈnju- /

noun
Cleverness and originality

restore

US / rɪˈstɔ:(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈstɔr, -ˈstor /

verb
To return a thing to its original condition

tragedy

US / 'trædʒədɪ /

•

UK / ˈtrædʒɪdi /

noun
Play that has a sad ending with many deaths
Very sad event that usually involves death

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

number
Number 3

welcome

US / 'welkəm /

•

UK / ˈwɛlkəm /

adjecitve
Being what was wanted or needed
noun
Friendly greeting to someone who has arrived
verb
To greet someone who has just arrived
To accept or receive something happily and gladly

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

almost

US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /

•

UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /

adverb
Only a little less than, nearly, not quite

century

US / 'sentʃərɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /

noun
Period of 100 years

cover

US / 'kʌvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌvɚ /

noun
A different version of another song
Bed sheets; blankets
(Police or military) protection from attack
Amount of money to be paid in an insurance claim
Thing you put over something to close or hide it
Front and back part of a book or magazine
Shelter built to protect from the natural elements
verb
To record a different version of another song
To include as part of its area
To put something over something to hide it
To discuss a subject in a talk or meeting
To form a layer over something so it is hidden
To have sufficient funds to pay for something
To include something within an agreed limit
To report news on TV, radio or in a newspaper
(Police or military) to protect from attack
To travel a certain distance in a given time
To wrap something with something, such as a cloth

flash

US / flæʃ /

•

UK / flæʃ /

noun
Sudden and brief appearance of something
Light used by a camera to brighten the area
Sudden feeling, idea or occurrence
Publicly exposing your genitals to others
Sudden bright light
Showing something very quickly and briefly
Light used in the dark, powered by batteries
verb
To appear suddenly and briefly
To publicly expose your genitals to others
To shine brightly very suddenly and briefly
To show something very quickly and briefly

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

island

US / ˈaɪlənd /

•

UK / ˈaɪlənd /

noun
Area of land that is surrounded by water

machine

US / mə'ʃi:n /

•

UK / məˈʃin /

noun
Piece of equipment used to do work
Powerful group who control and organize things
verb
To shape, work on something, using a device

information

US / ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɪnfɚˈmeʃən /

noun
Collection of facts and details about something

merely

US / ˈmiəli /

•

UK / ˈmɪrli /

adverb
Only, simply, or nothing more than

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

plan

US / plæn /

•

UK / plæn /

noun
Drawing of how something should be done or made

visionary

US / ˈvɪʒənri /

•

UK / ˈvɪʒəneri /

adjecitve
Thinking about the future in an imaginative way

without

US / wɪˈðaʊt /

•

UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /

preposition
Not with; not having

center

US / 'sentə /

•

UK / ˈsɛntɚ /

noun
Community place people go health or social reasons
Place in the middle of something
Person or thing that is attracting attention
verb
To direct focus toward something

alternator

US / ˈɔ:ltəneɪtə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔ:ltərneɪtə(r) /

noun
Electric generator in vehicles

exist

US / ɪɡ'zɪst /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzɪst /

verb
To be present, alive or real

explore

US / ɪk'splɔ:(r) /

•

UK / ɪkˈsplɔr /

verb
To examine something in detail to learn about it
To travel to a place to discover more about it

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

engineer

US / ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r) /

•

UK / ˌɛndʒəˈnɪr /

noun
Someone whose job is designing machines, buildings
Someone whose job is to repair or maintain engines

fall

US / fɔ:l /

•

UK / fɔl /

noun
Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
A drop in amount; decrease
Dropping from a standing position to the ground
verb
To drop in amount; to decrease
To come down from a higher position suddenly
To go from standing to the ground, by accident

manage

US / ˈmænɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈmænɪdʒ /

verb
To survive hardships and difficulties; to cope
To run or operate a business by directing others

mark

US / mɑ:k /

•

UK / mɑrk /

noun
Person's name
A dirty spot or line on something
Grade or score given for homework
Line or symbol made when writing
Particular point on a scale of measurement
Grade, such as a student receives in school
Stain or spot on something
Sign or symbol of a quality of feeling
Written sign or symbol
verb
To put a dirty spot or line on something
To give a grade for homework
To indicate something with a sign or symbol
To make or leave a visible sign of (path, etc.)
(Animals) to go to the toilet to show your area
To write or draw a line on something

instant

US / ˈɪnstənt /

•

UK / ˈɪnstənt /

adjecitve
(Food) requiring very little preparation
Occurring immediately
noun
A very short period of time

shipping

US / ˈʃɪpɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈʃɪpɪŋ /

noun
Business of transporting goods or orders to places
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

art

US / ɑ:t /

•

UK / ɑrt /

noun
Creative skill using the imagination e.g. painting
A skill or talent you have

affair

US / ə'feə(r) /

•

UK / əˈfɛr /

noun
Secret sexual relationship between two people
Event or a set of events, often unpleasant ones

community

US / kə'mju:nətɪ /

•

UK / kəˈmjunɪti /

noun
Group of people who share a common idea or area

diameter

US / daɪˈæmɪtə(r) /

•

UK / daɪˈæmɪtɚ /

noun
Distance across the center of an object

expert

US / 'ekspɜ:t /

•

UK / ˈɛkˌspɚt /

adjecitve
Having special knowledge or skill
noun
Skillful person with special knowledge

jacob

US / ˈdʒeikəb /

•

UK / ˈdʒɛkəb /

proper noun
(in the Bible) a Hebrew patriarch, the younger of the twin sons of Isaac and Rebecca, who persuaded

rely

US / rɪ'laɪ /

•

UK / rɪˈlaɪ /

verb
Depend on with full trust or confidence

break

US / breɪk /

•

UK / brek /

noun
Time you stop an activity before continuing
End of a relationship
An escape from a place such as a jail
(Lucky) advantage or benefit from something
Find a solution or answer to a problem or crime
Change in the weather
verb
To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
To form a crack in something
To burst or become damaged
To end a relationship
To escape from a place such as a jail
To train a wild animal e.g. a horse
To separate into pieces by force, or by dropping
To act against a law, rule, or promise
To become known suddenly, as in the news
To not do what you promised e.g. not keep promises
To solve a crime, or answer a problem
To stop functioning properly
To suddenly start, open or commence
To change in pitch suddenly, as in a voice
To fall on the shore, as in waves
To begin or change suddenly; the dawn or weather
To defeat by causing the person to lose their will

air

US / eə(r) /

•

UK / er /

noun
Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
A person's manner intended to impress others
verb
To expose to the outside, to dry or freshen
To broadcast a TV or radio show
To open a subject to discussion and debate

correspondence

US / ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns /

•

UK / ˌkɔrɪˈspɑndəns, ˌkɑr- /

noun
Quality of similarity or equality
Communication by letters, emails or text messages

draw

US / drɔ: /

•

UK / drɔ /

noun
Something that attracts people to visit a place
A lottery or prize
Result of a game, contest where the score is equal
verb
To attract attention to someone or something
To get closer to or approach something or someone
To influence a person's involvement in something
To move an object by pulling
To create an image using pen or pencil and paper
To take one thing out of a container, etc.
(Of 2 teams) to finish a game with the same score

increase

US / ɪn'kri:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈkris /

noun
Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
verb
To make or become larger in size or amount

sun

US / sʌn /

•

UK / sʌn /

noun
Light and heat coming from a large star in the sky
Hot shining star the Earth moves around
verb
To lie in the sunshine and enjoy its warmth

tired

US / ˈtaɪəd /

•

UK / ˈtaɪərd /

adjecitve
Without energy so you want to rest or fall asleep
verb
To lose, cause to lose energy so you want to rest

unlikely

US / ʌnˈlaɪkli /

•

UK / ʌnˈlaɪkli /

adjecitve
Not seeming suitable for a particular purpose
adverb
Not likely to happen; not likely to be the truth

competitor

US / kəmˈpetɪtə(r) /

•

UK / kəmˈpɛtɪtɚ /

noun
Someone taking part in race, business, etc.

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

instance

US / 'ɪnstəns /

•

UK / ˈɪnstəns /

noun
An example of something; case
verb
To give as an example of something else

process

US / prə'ses /

•

UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /

noun
Dealing with official forms in the way required
Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
verb
To organize and use data in a computer
To deal with official forms in the way required
To prepare by treating something in a certain way
To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
To convert by putting something through a machine

sponsor

US / ˈspɒnsə(r) /

•

UK / ˈspɑ:nsə(r) /

noun
Person that supports the passage of a new law
Person giving money for someone's education
verb
To support the passage of a new law
To help someone succeed by giving them money
To pay for an event, usually as an advertisement

upon

US / əˈpɔn, əpən /

•

UK / əˈpɑn, əˈpɔn /

preposition
More formal term for 'on'

transmission

US / trænsˈmɪʃn /

•

UK / trænsˈmɪʃən, trænz- /

noun
Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
Electronic signal sent by radio waves; broadcast
Transfer of data from one machine to another
Transfer of money to another person or place
Act or process of transferring something to others

via

US / ˈvaɪə /

•

UK / ˈvaɪə, ˈviə /

preposition
By the means of using something
By going through, by way of

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

blow

US / bləʊ /

•

UK / blo /

noun
Something that causes you difficulty or sadness
Act of making air come out of your mouth
A hit or strike from an object
verb
To move something using air
To make air come quickly out of your mouth
To clear something by forcing air through it

bear

US / bɛː /

•

UK / bɛr /

noun
Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
Someone who expects stock market to fall
verb
To accept (responsibilities or duties)
To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
To accept or suffer the weight of difficulties
To keep moving left or right while going forward
To show (sign of something)
To support the weight of something, e.g. a bridge

film

US / fɪlm /

•

UK / fɪlm /

noun
Thin layer that covers something
Movie
verb
To record moving action with a camera

hand

US / hænd /

•

UK / hænd /

noun
Cards given to a player in a card game
Piece of a clock that points to the time
Someone who performs physical tasks or work
Body part at the end of a person's arm
Help for someone performing a particular action
Condition of having power or influence
Member of the crew of a ship
verb
To give something to someone personally

problem

US / ˈprɒbləm /

•

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

adjecitve
Causing trouble
noun
Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
Question to show understanding of a math concept

scientist

US / ˈsaɪəntɪst /

•

UK / ˈsaɪəntɪst /

noun
Person who is trained in a science

quickly

US / ˈkwɪkli /

•

UK / ˈkwɪklɪ /

adverb
Without taking a lot of time; fast

raise

US / reɪz /

•

UK / rez /

noun
Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
Pay increase
verb
To increase a bet above another when playing cards
To gather donations for a cause or charity
To bring up and educate a child to maturity
To bring a dead person to life
To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
To increase (salary, etc.)
To grow or care for plants or animals

rankin

US / ˈræŋkɪn /

•

UK / /

other
Leader in the women's suffrage movement in Montana; the first woman to serve in the United States Ho

canada

US / 'kænədə /

•

UK / ˈkænədə /

proper noun
A country in northern North America, the second largest country in the world; population 35,900,000

competition

US / ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌkɑmpɪˈtɪʃən /

noun
Fighting against others to win something

complete

US / kəm'pli:t /

•

UK / kəmˈplit /

adjecitve
Being finished; done; achieved
Being as perfect and as total as could be
verb
To finish or reach the end of doing something

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

foot

US / fʊt /

•

UK / fʊt /

noun
Base of something such as a mountain or vase
Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

hole

US / həʊl /

•

UK / hol /

noun
An empty space, as in the ground, in a sock etc.
Fault or weakness in a plan, idea or explanation
Opening into or through something
An awkward or difficult situation
Dirty or unpleasant place with poor facilities
verb
(Golf) to get the ball into the hole

repeat

US / rɪˈpi:t /

•

UK / rɪˈpit /

noun
Action that is done again
Musical passage that is to be played again
Radio or television program that was shown before
verb
To do something over again
To say something you have learned and memorized
To relate something you have been told by another
To say something again

public

US / 'pʌblɪk /

•

UK / ˈpʌblɪk /

adjecitve
Owned by the government
Concerning society in general
Being available or accessible to people in general
Known or able to be known by all people

rack

US / ræk /

•

UK / ræk /

noun
A frame, stand, hook on which things are hung
verb
To cause someone pain or suffering

station

US / 'steɪʃn /

•

UK / ˈsteʃən /

noun
Building, area, place used for a specific reason
A person's place in society
Place where you can catch a train or a bus
Company that broadcasts radio or TV programs
verb
(Army) to be posted to a place to perform duties
To put a person in a certain place or position

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

estimate

US / 'estɪmət /

•

UK / ˈɛstəˌmet /

noun
Guess or calculation of cost, size or value
verb
To guess or calculate the cost, size or value of

meter

US / ˈmi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmitɚ /

noun
Unit of length equal to 100 cm or about 39 inches
Device for measuring things e.g. gas
Device to put money into to rent a parking place
Rhythm of a poem
verb
To measure water, etc. when it has to be paid for

hundred

US / 'hʌndrəd /

•

UK / ˈhʌndrɪd /

number
100

namely

US / ˈneɪmli /

•

UK / ˈnemli /

adverb
That is to say, specifically

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

build

US / bɪld /

•

UK / bɪld /

noun
Your physical shape; physique
verb
To establish e.g. a reputation, over time
To construct a house, office, factory

feature

US / 'fi:tʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfitʃɚ /

adjecitve
Main; important
noun
Special report in a magazine or paper
Distinctive or important point of something
verb
To highlight or give special importance to

fill

US / fɪl /

•

UK / fɪl /

noun
Act of filling; amount used to make something full
verb
To make something full
To move into all parts of an area
To repair a surface by adding a substance to it
To use (time); to do something during

fulfilment

US / fʊl'fɪlmənt /

•

UK / fʊl'fɪlmənt /

noun
Feeling of satisfaction from achieving something

option

US / 'ɒpʃn /

•

UK / ˈɑpʃən /

noun
A choice
Right to buy or sell at a certain price and time

sale

US / seɪl /

•

UK / sel /

noun
Event during which the prices of goods are reduced
Giving something for money; the amount sold

old

US / əʊld /

•

UK / old /

adjecitve
Having existed for a long time, not young or new
Age of a person since birth

prove

US / pru:v /

•

UK / pruv /

verb
To demonstrate truth by providing evidence

tunnel

US / 'tʌnl /

•

UK / ˈtʌnəl /

adjecitve
As if looking in a long hole
noun
Passage under the ground, often for cars or trains
verb
To dig a hole from one side to another

utopian

US / ju:'təʊpɪən /

•

UK / juˈtopiən /

adjecitve
Being like an ideal society
noun
A believer in an ideal world

work

US / wɜ:k /

•

UK / wɚk /

adjecitve
Activity completed in order to make money
noun
The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
Everything created by an author, artist, musician
Activity you do in order to make money
Place of employment
Final product or result of a some labor or effort
verb
To bring into a specific state of success
To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
To do your job in your company or workplace
To make an effort to do something
To operate a machine or device

worry

US / ˈwʌri /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:ri /

noun
Something that causes trouble or concern
verb
To cause concern or trouble over something

bring

US / brɪŋ /

•

UK / brɪŋ /

verb
To take or go with someone to a place

avenue

US / 'ævənju: /

•

UK / ˈævəˌnu, -ˌnju /

noun
Wide street
Way to approach something or some issue
other

extensive

US / ɪkˈstensɪv /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɛnsɪv /

adjecitve
Large; full or complete

glow

US / ɡləʊ /

•

UK / ɡlo /

noun
Pink color in the face, e.g. from exercise/emotion
Pleasant feeling, as of happiness or satisfaction
Soft, steady light given off without a flame
verb
To look very healthy and contented
To emit a steady even light

link

US / lɪŋk /

•

UK / lɪŋk /

noun
Any one of the rings that are part of a chain
Connection between two or more things or people
Webpage item you click to go to another webpage
verb
To join or connect together

minimize

US / 'mɪnɪmaɪz /

•

UK / ˈmɪnəˌmaɪz /

verb
To make something seem small or less important

project

US / prəˈdʒekt /

•

UK / prəˈdʒɛkt /

noun
A planned piece of work for specific purpose
Group of homes built by government for poor people
verb
To predict what will happen in the future
To show something on a screen using light
To stick out past the edge of something

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

room

US / ru:m /

•

UK / rum, rʊm /

noun
All of the people inside a particular room
Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
verb
To share a home with someone

communication

US / kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn /

•

UK / kəˌmjunɪˈkeʃən /

noun
Talking to people; giving information to people

main

US / meɪn /

•

UK / men /

adjecitve
Most important; most often used

possible

US / ˈpɒsəbl /

•

UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /

adjecitve
Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
Having a chance of happening, or being true

several

US / ˈsevrəl /

•

UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /

adjecitve
Many of
pronoun
More than two but not a large amount

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

bagpipe

US / 'bæɡpaɪp /

•

UK / 'bæɡpaɪp /

noun
Scottish wind instrument with a bag and pipes

everyone

US / ˈevriwʌn /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌwʌn /

pronoun
Every person; everybody

chance

US / tʃɑ:ns /

•

UK / tʃæns /

adjecitve
Happening by luck; not planned
Taking a risk to try something
noun
The way something happens without planning
An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
The possibility that something will happen
verb
To occur just through luck; happen
To take a risk to try something

illuminate

US / ɪˈlu:mɪneɪt /

•

UK / ɪˈluməˌnet /

verb
To supply light to something
To make something easier to understand

grid

US / ɡrɪd /

•

UK / ɡrɪd /

noun
Electrical network supplying electricity to area
Metal structure with bars used to cover a hole
Pattern made up of lines and small squares

historian

US / hɪˈstɔ:riən /

•

UK / hɪˈstɔriən /

noun
Someone who studies the course of history

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

return

US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

•

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

adjecitve
Do again; repeated
noun
Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
Profit made as a result of a business activity
Process of going back to a previous way or state
verb
To hit something back to the other player or team
To come back after being away from somewhere
To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
To occur again

top

US / tɒp /

•

UK / tɑp /

adjecitve
Being good or great; excellent
Being the most in degree or quality
noun
Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
A cover or lid
Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
Highest or upper part or point of something
Best or highest status or position
Flat upper surface or edge of an object
Child's toy that spins on its point
Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
Winning in a sport or contest
verb
To be higher or larger than a specific value
To arrive at the highest point of something
To put a cover or layer or over something
To kill; murder
To hold the highest position on a list
To be more important, successful or better than
To beat someone or win at a game

web

US / web /

•

UK / wɛb /

noun
Skin between ducks' toes that enables them to swim
Internet's collection of interrelated information
Net made from silk threads produced by spiders
Complicated set of relationships or connections

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

worker

US / ˈwɜ:kə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:rkə(r) /

noun
Person who works

agree

US / əˈgri: /

•

UK / əˈɡri /

verb
To have the same opinion as someone else

demolish

US / dɪ'mɒlɪʃ /

•

UK / dɪˈmɑlɪʃ /

verb
To destroy completely (e.g. an idea, a building)

bet

US / bet /

•

UK / bet /

noun
Act of gambling money on the result of a race etc.
verb
To gamble money to win more money, e.g. on horses

design

US / dɪˈzaɪn /

•

UK / dɪˈzaɪn /

noun
The way something is planned, to fulfill a purpose
verb
To plan in a particular way to fulfill a purpose
To think of a plan

cote

US / kəʊt /

•

UK / koʊt /

other
A small shelter for domestic animals (as sheep or pigeons)

else

US / els /

•

UK / ɛls /

adverb
Otherwise; if you fail to
(Of person place thing etc.) besides; in addition

heart

US / hɑ:t /

•

UK / hɑrt /

noun
A feeling of care for others; compassion
Courage, confidence, and emotional strength
Be cheerfully encouraging
Most essential, important, or central part
Referring to a promise or something important
State or feelings of affection or deep love
Core part of a vegetable, e.g. a lettuce
The part of the body that pumps blood
Place where emotions are believed to be felt
A shape that represents love

due

US / dju: /

•

UK / du, dju /

adjecitve
When something is required or expected
Owed to a person as a right
noun
Something you deserve; something you can expect

hotel

US / həʊ'tel /

•

UK / hoˈtɛl /

noun
Place where people can stay when traveling

management

US / 'mænɪdʒmənt /

•

UK / ˈmænɪdʒmənt /

noun
People who are in control of a business or group
The process of running an organization

organization

US / ˌɔ:gənaɪˈzeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɔrɡənɪˈzeʃən /

noun
Group of people with a particular purpose

install

US / ɪnˈstɔ:l /

•

UK / ɪnˈstɔl /

verb
To set up equipment so that it is ready to use
To place someone officially in a job position

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

quit

US / kwɪt /

•

UK / kwɪt /

other
To leave a school etc. without finishing
verb
To leave a job
To leave a place
To leave a school etc. without finishing
To end an action or activity

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

determiner
Belonging to them

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

device

US / dɪˈvaɪs /

•

UK / dɪˈvaɪs /

noun
Object, machine, or equipment for a specific use
Method of doing something; a way

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

electric

US / ɪˈlektrɪk /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛktrɪk /

adjecitve
Creating a feeling of excitement
Using electricity

dollar

US / ˈdɒlə(r) /

•

UK / ˈdɑ:lə(r) /

noun
A basic unit of money equal to 100 cent

envision

US / ɪnˈvɪʒn /

•

UK / ɪnˈvɪʒn /

verb
To imagine or picture in your mind

laboratory

US / lə'bɒrətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, -ˌtori /

noun
A place to do scientific experiments

telegraph

US / ˈtelɪgrɑ:f /

•

UK / ˈtelɪgræf /

noun
Messaging system using wires and electric signals
verb
To signal to someone without speaking
To send messages using electric wires

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

waldorf

US / weɪk /

•

UK / wek /

atlantic

US / æt'læntɪk /

•

UK / ætˈlæntɪk /

adjecitve
Of the ocean between Africa and the Americas

approach

US / ə'prəʊtʃ /

•

UK / əˈprəʊtʃ /

noun
Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
Specific way to handle a project, task, problem
verb
To get close to reaching something or somewhere
To request someone to do something specific

consensus

US / kənˈsensəs /

•

UK / kənˈsɛnsəs /

noun
A decision that is shared by most of a group

cup

US / kʌp /

•

UK / kʌp /

noun
Small round container used for drinking
Silver trophy teams compete to win
Unit of measurement for foods or liquids
verb
To make the shape of a bowl with your hands

hold

US / həʊld /

•

UK / hold /

noun
Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
Influence or power held over someone
Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
verb
To agree to keep something for someone
To have the capacity to support/contain something
To control an area and protect it from attack
To not allow someone to leave a place
To cause an event to happen at a place or time
To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
To have a specific quality or property
To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
To have or own something
To wait before being able to talk on the phone
To limit the movement of someone in a sport

initial

US / ɪ'nɪʃl /

•

UK / ɪˈnɪʃəl /

adjecitve
Existing or occurring at the beginning
noun
First letter of your given name
verb
To authorize something by writing your initials

numerous

US / ˈnju:mərəs /

•

UK / ˈnumərəs, ˈnju- /

adjecitve
Existing in large numbers

ongoing

US / ˈɒngəʊɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɑ:ngoʊɪŋ /

adjecitve
Continuing to exist or be in progress

result

US / rɪ'zʌlt /

•

UK / rɪˈzʌlt /

noun
Something produced through tests or experiments
Final score of a competition, election or game
verb
To be the outcome of other causes and effects

space

US / speɪs /

•

UK / spes /

noun
Empty area kept for a specific reason, like a car
Empty area with nothing in it
Area in the sky where the stars are
Area between written words on a page
verb
To make a certain distance or time between

theory

US / ˈθiəri /

•

UK / ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri /

noun
Ideas or principles that explain facts or events

travel

US / ˈtrævl /

•

UK / ˈtrævəl /

noun
Going to other places, esp. distant places
verb
To go to a place that is far away

show

US / ʃəʊ /

•

UK / ʃo /

noun
False display of love, emotion or action
An event for displaying or promoting goods
Play, opera or theater production
Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
verb
To be easily seen or displayed
To display your emotions or feelings
To let someone see something; display
To explain or teach how something is done
To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
To prove something to be true, correct
To reveal or allow something to be seen

bit

US / bɪt /

•

UK / bɪt /

noun
Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
Small piece of something
verb
(E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught

believe

US / bɪ'li:v /

•

UK / bɪˈliv /

verb
To think or accept that something is true
To have a particular opinion about something

encourage

US / ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ /

•

UK / ɛnˈkɚrɪdʒ, -ˈkʌr- /

verb
To increase the chance of something happening
To make someone more determined or confident

kilometre

US / ˈkɪləmi:tə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkɪləmiːtər /

noun
A metric unit of length equal to 1000 metres

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

pay

US / peɪ /

•

UK / pe /

noun
Money you receive from your job, work, etc.
verb
To give money for goods or work done
To give (attention, respect, etc.) to
To be punished or suffer for something you did
To make (a visit) to a person or place

productivity

US / ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti /

•

UK / ˌprɑ:dʌkˈtɪvəti /

noun
Rate at which people or machines produce

tap

US / tæp /

•

UK / tæp /

noun
Faucet; the place you can get water from a pipe
Light hit, generally one that makes a sound
verb
To access a liquid (e.g. in a tree) through a hole
To move feet/fingers to make light regular sounds
To spy one someone electronically
To hit something or someone lightly
To remove from an object e.g. oil from the ground

cupola

US / ˈkju:pələ /

•

UK / ˈkjupələ /

noun
Vertical furnace for melting iron for casting

drainage

US / ˈdreɪnɪdʒ /

•

UK / ˈdrenɪdʒ /

noun
Process of removing water or liquid from something

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

lose

US / lu:z /

•

UK / luz /

verb
To be unable to keep in check or control something
To decrease in value or quantity (e.g. weight)
To stop having certain qualities or abilities
To stop having or being entitled to
To fail to win something that is being contested
To be unable to find something you once had
To be dependent on someone (used with 'not')

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

housing

US / ˈhaʊzɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈhaʊzɪŋ /

noun
Homes; houses in general
Cover for a machine
verb
To give someone a place to live
To contain or store something

morgan

US / ˈmɔːgən /

•

UK / ˈmɔrgən /

other
An American breed of small compact saddle horses

scientific

US / ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk /

•

UK / ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk /

adjecitve
Concerning academic study of the physical world

tesla

US / 'teslə /

•

UK / 'teslə /

noun
Unit of magnetic flux density equal to one weber per square meter

small

US / smɔ:l /

•

UK / smɔl /

adjecitve
Little in size; not big
(Of letters) not written in capital letters
Being insignificant or minor
(Of a business) with few people or things; local
(Of voice) being soft and quiet
(Of a child) being young

four

US / fɔ:(r) /

•

UK / fɔr, for /

number
4

global

US / ˈgləʊbl /

•

UK / ˈgloʊbl /

adjecitve
Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
Of, affecting, or involving the entire world

million

US / ˈmɪljən /

•

UK / ˈmɪljən /

number
1,000,000

inside

US / ˌɪn'saɪd /

•

UK / ɪnˈsaɪd, ˈɪnˌsaɪd /

adjecitve
Being in something
Being in a building
adverb
Into a house; indoors
noun
Inner part or surface of something

satisfy

US / ˈsætɪsfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ /

verb
To make someone happy because they got their wish
To do what is required in order to finish

resonance

US / ˈrezənəns /

•

UK / ˈrɛzənəns /

noun
Continuing to make a loud clear deep sound
Quality of sound produced by vibrations of strings

wait

US / weɪt /

•

UK / wet /

verb
To delay or not do something until later
To spend time until an expected thing happens
To remain in a place until a thing happens

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

appear

US / ə'pɪə(r) /

•

UK / əˈpɪr /

verb
To be seen, become visible; come into sight
To seem to be
To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

guess

US / ɡes /

•

UK / ɡɛs /

noun
Answer given when you don't know if it is correct
verb
To give an answer without knowing if it is correct

itself

US / ɪtˈself /

•

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

pronoun
Referring to it

many

US / 'menɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɛni /

determiner
Used to refer a large number of things

marconi

US / mɑ:tʃɪŋ /

•

UK / mɑ:tʃɪŋ /

radiate

US / ˈreɪdieɪt /

•

UK / ˈrediˌet /

verb
To show a lot of feeling clearly
To spread out from a center
To emit something like a wave

ultimate

US / ˈʌltɪmət /

•

UK / ˈʌltəmɪt /

adjecitve
Basic; original; most significant
Being the greatest example of something
Happening or coming at the end of process; final

weather

US / 'weðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɛðɚ /

noun
Whether it is raining, sunny, cold etc. outside
verb
To successfully deal with a difficult situation
To erode or become damaged due to the environment

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

theorize

US / ˈθɪəraɪz /

•

UK / ˈθiːəraɪz /

verb
To form new ideas about a particular subject

thousand

US / ˈθaʊznd /

•

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

number
Number 1,000

code

US / kəʊd /

•

UK / kod /

noun
A password made of a set of letters or numbers
Set of rules for behavior
A secret language using secret symbols
Written part of a computer program
verb
To express information in a series of numbers
To write a secret message using secret symbols
To write programs using computer languages

feel

US / fi:l /

•

UK / fil /

verb
To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
To sense through direct contact; touch

harry

US / 'hærɪ /

•

UK / ˈhæri /

noun
Make a pillaging or destructive raid on (a place), as in wartimes

equivalent

US / ɪˈkwɪvələnt /

•

UK / ɪˈkwɪvələnt /

adjecitve
Equal to something in value, use or meaning
noun
Thing like another in quality, quantity or degree

machinery

US / məˈʃi:nəri /

•

UK / məˈʃinəri, -ˈʃinri /

noun
System/processes to get official approval, etc.
Machines in general
Inner, working parts of a machine

inflation

US / ɪn'fleɪʃn /

•

UK / ɪnˈfleʃən /

noun
Act of filling something with air or gas
Continual rise in the prices of products

plus

US / plʌs /

•

UK / plʌs /

noun
A benefit or advantage
preposition
In addition; add
In addition to; Indicates a number above
Having a value greater than zero

morse

US / mɔːs /

•

UK / mɔrs /

other
A telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short a

patent

US / ˈpætnt /

•

UK / ˈpætnt /

adjecitve
(E.g. of a lie) clear and obvious what it is
noun
Legal protection for inventions or ideas
verb
To obtain legal protection for inventions or ideas

retain

US / rɪ'teɪn /

•

UK / rɪˈten /

verb
To continue to have or use; keep the quality of
To keep one thing inside another for a time
To memorize information

transmit

US / trænsˈmɪt /

•

UK / trænsˈmɪt, trænz- /

other
To broadcast by using signals to a radio/TV
verb
To broadcast by using signals to a radio/TV
To transfer data from one machine to another
To allow the passage of light
To transfer money to another person or place
To transfer a disease between people
To transfer to other people e.g. ownership of car

associate

US / ə'səʊʃɪeɪt /

•

UK / əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt /

adjecitve
Part of a job title indicating a junior position
noun
Partner in professional work, e.g. in law
verb
To spend time with other people; mix with
To form a connection in your mind between things

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

point

US / pɔɪnt /

•

UK / pɔɪnt /

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

transmitter

US / trænsˈmɪtə(r) /

•

UK / trænsˈmɪtɚ, trænz- /

noun
Tower used to transmit radio waves and messages

continue

US / kən'tɪnju: /

•

UK / kənˈtɪnju /

verb
To do something without stopping, or after pausing
To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop

science

US / 'saɪəns /

•

UK / ˈsaɪəns /

noun
Study of the physical world, based on facts

race

US / reɪs /

•

UK / res /

noun
Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
People who share physical features or culture
verb
To take part in a running or swimming competition
To move or go at a very fast pace
To take someone, something to a place very quickly

speculate

US / ˈspekjuleɪt /

•

UK / ˈspɛkjəˌlet /

verb
To take risks that might lead to big profits
To predict or guess what is possible or likely

white

US / waɪt /

•

UK / hwaɪt, waɪt /

adjecitve
Belonging to a race of people with light skin
Of the color of fresh snow and milk
noun
Person's name
Lightest color; The color of fresh snow.

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

worried

US / ˈwʌrid /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:rid /

adjecitve
Feeling troubled or concerned
verb
To cause concern or trouble over something
To feel concerned or troubled about something

truth

US / tru:θ /

•

UK / truθ /

noun
Real facts about something

banker

US / 'bæŋkə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbæŋkɚ /

noun
An executive who works for a bank

contract

US / 'kɒntrækt /

•

UK / 'kɑ:ntrækt /

noun
Legal agreement, e.g. for doing work for money
Agreement to pay someone to kill a person
verb
To become ill as a result of getting a disease
To make an agreement for doing work for money
To reduce in size, length due to heat loss
To reduce the amount of

desperate

US / ˈdespərət /

•

UK / ˈdɛspərɪt /

adjecitve
Being beyond hope; prepared to do anything
State of urgently wanting to go to the toilet

extensively

US / ɪk'stensɪvlɪ /

•

UK / ɪkˈstɛnsɪvlɪ /

adverb
Very much or often; to a large degree

debt

US / det /

•

UK / dɛt /

noun
Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid

magnate

US / ˈmægneɪt /

•

UK / ˈmæɡˌnet, -nɪt /

noun
Person with great wealth and power

perfectly

US / ˈpɜ:fɪktli /

•

UK / ˈpəfɪktli /

adverb
In a faultless manner; without mistakes

skeptical

US / 'skeptɪkəl /

•

UK / 'skeptɪkəl /

adjecitve
Doubting that something is true/probable/useful

story

US / 'stɔ:rɪ /

•

UK / ˈstɔri, ˈstori /

noun
One of many floors or levels in a building
Account or description of how something happened

straight

US / streɪt /

•

UK / stret /

adjecitve
Not having curves, bends, or angles
Not gay; heterosexual
honest and direct
adverb
in a line; immediately; honestly and directly

visit

US / ˈvɪzɪt /

•

UK / ˈvɪzɪt /

noun
Trip to a place for a time, usually for a reason
verb
To go to a place for a time, usually for a reason

actually

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

•

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

adverb
Used to add new (often different) information

attack

US / ə'tæk /

•

UK / əˈtæk /

noun
Act intended to hurt someone physically, mentally
verb
To try to destroy, beat, or injure

debate

US / dɪ'beɪt /

•

UK / dɪˈbet /

noun
General public discussion of a topic
A formal event where two sides discuss a topic
verb
To consider options before making a decision
To take part in a formal discussion

immediately

US / ɪˈmi:diətli /

•

UK / ɪˈmidiɪtli /

adverb
Without any delay; straight away

sell

US / sel /

•

UK / sɛl /

verb
To exchange something for money
To persuade people to do, like or agree

titanic

US / taɪ'tænɪk /

•

UK / taɪˈtænɪk /

adjecitve
Concerning great force or power

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

write

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

verb
To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
To invent or create a computer program
To create a song or piece of music

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

honor

US / 'ɒnə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɑnɚ /

noun
Award you get for doing well; prize, title, etc.
Chance to do something special; privilege
Respect given to someone who is admired
Good standing a person has in a community
verb
To fulfill an agreement
To give an award to someone
To respect someone or something

include

US / ɪnˈklu:d /

•

UK / ɪnˈklud /

verb
To make someone, something part of a group

manager

US / ˈmænɪdʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmænɪdʒɚ /

noun
Person who controls and runs a business or group

sea

US / /

•

UK / /

noun
Very large group of people, similar-looking things
Large body of salty water with land around it

vision

US / 'vɪʒn /

•

UK / ˈvɪʒən /

noun
Ability to see; eyesight
Something you see in your imagination or dreams
Ability to plan for the future of something

then

US / ðen /

•

UK / ðɛn /

adverb
A time that is not now
Following another thing in time or arrangement
Following on reasonably from what was just stated
At that time, not now

yugoslavia

US / ˈju:ɡəuˈslɑ:vjə /

•

UK / ˌjuɡoˈslɑviə /

other
A former country of southeastern Europe bordering the Adriatic Sea; formed in and named Yugoslavia i

bottom

US / 'bɒtəm /

•

UK / ˈbɑtəm /

adjecitve
Concerning the part under something, e.g. a vase
noun
The part of your body you sit on
Lowest position, often in a company or contest
Lowest part of something; part on which it rests
Lowest level, part or point of an object
The part under something, e.g. a vase
verb
To hit the lowest part of something

city

US / 'sɪtɪ /

•

UK / ˈsɪti /

noun
Area with many buildings, roads and people

exhibit

US / ɪɡ'zɪbɪt /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzɪbɪt, ɛɡ- /

noun
Object put on public display, e.g. in a gallery
verb
To show something, such as an emotion
To put object on public display, e.g. in a gallery

ground

US / graʊnd /

•

UK / ɡraʊnd /

noun
Connection of electrical equipment to earth
Place where people play particular sports
Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
verb
To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
To make sharp or smooth through friction
To press together with force making a sound
To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
To hit the bottom
(Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
To prevent a plane from taking off
To place the ball over the goal line in rugby

hub

US / hʌb /

•

UK / hʌb /

noun
Center of action or interest
Central part of a wheel

veracity

US / və'ræsətɪ /

•

UK / vəˈræsɪti /

noun
(Formal) truthfulness; adherence to the truth

virtual

US / ˈvɜ:tʃuəl /

•

UK / ˈvɚtʃuəl /

adjecitve
Existing only on the internet or on a computer
Existing only in a digital world
Almost being; nearly complete

yeah

US / jeə /

•

UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /

exclamation
Another way of saying 'yes'

claim

US / kleɪm /

•

UK / klem /

noun
Demand for something that is believed to be due
Something said to be true when others don't agree
verb
To demand something that is believed to be due
To cause someone's life to come to an end
To say something is true when others may not agree

agra

US / ˈægrə /

•

UK / /

proper noun
A city on the Jumna River in Uttar Pradesh state, northern India; population 1,638,200 (est. 2009).

comic

US / ˈkɒmɪk /

•

UK / ˈkɑ:mɪk /

adjecitve
Funny; that makes you laugh
noun
Person who stands on a stage and tells jokes
Amusing story told in a series of pictures

bill

US / bɪl /

•

UK / bɪl /

noun
Plan for a new law being discussed by a government
Sign or poster advertising something
Paper money; a bank note
Piece of paper showing what you have to pay
Hard, often pointed part of a bird's mouth
Person's name
verb
To request payment by handing over an invoice

education

US / ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɛdʒəˈkeʃən /

noun
Academic field studying the practice of teaching
Process of giving or receiving teaching

lane

US / leɪn /

•

UK / len /

noun
Marked strip of the road or swimming pool
Narrow way or road, often with steep sides
Person's name

number

US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /

noun
Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
Particular song or dance performed during a show
Total quantity or amount of things
verb
To put numbers on things
To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set

officially

US / əˈfɪʃəli /

•

UK / əˈfɪʃəlɪ /

adverb
According to what is stated by an authority figure

tell

US / tel /

•

UK / tɛl /

verb
To (strongly) advise a person to do something
To be able to guess
To say or communicate information to someone
To inform, but without speaking; indicate
To have a negative effect on someone
To order someone to do something; command
To recognize something based on certain signs
To report something to an authority
To explain something or teach someone something

redefine

US / ˌri:dɪˈfaɪn /

•

UK / ˌriːdɪˈfaɪn /

verb
To give a new explanation of or reason for
To set or mark the limits of something again

york

US / jɔ:k /

•

UK / jɔrk /

proper noun
A city in northern England, on the Ouse River; population 136,900 (est. 2009).
A commercial and industrial city in southeastern Pennsylvania; population 40,097 (est. 2008).
The southwestern tip of Hayes Peninsula, on Baffin Bay in Greenland. It served as a base for US expl

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

first

US / fɜ:st /

•

UK / fɚst /

adjecitve
1st; Coming before all others in time or place
noun
Something that has not happened before
Position of the winner of a competition

present

US / 'preznt /

•

UK / ˈprɛznt /

adjecitve
Being in attendance; being there; having turned up
noun
Gift
Verb tense indicating an action is happening now
Current time; now
verb
To introduce someone to others
To host a program on television or radio
To give a speech or presentation
To show something to someone who will examine it
To appear or happen
To give an award or prize to someone

shaft

US / ʃɑ:ft /

•

UK / ʃæft /

noun
Vertical, sloping passageway leading to a surface
verb
To ruin the plans or prospects of others

win

US / wɪn /

•

UK / wɪn /

noun
Success in beating the other team or competitors
Success in a game or contest
verb
To get something as a prize because of a success
To gain something you want because of your efforts
To succeed in a game or contest

corporation

US / ˌkɔ:pəˈreɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃn /

noun
Big company or a combination of several companies

fund

US / fʌnd /

•

UK / fʌnd /

noun
Money collected, saved, or provided for a purpose
A specific account into which you put money
verb
To supply money for something

inventor

US / ɪnˈventə(r) /

•

UK / ɪnˈventə(r) /

noun
Person who creates new machines, systems etc.

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

place

US / pleɪs /

•

UK / ples /

noun
Particular location, area or region
verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position

ultimately

US / ˈʌltɪmətli /

•

UK / ˈʌltəmɪtli /

adverb
Done or considered as the final and most important

transformer

US / trænsˈfɔ:mə(r) /

•

UK / trænsˈfɔ:rmə(r) /

noun
Electrical device to change electrical voltage

boat

US / bəʊt /

•

UK / bot /

noun
Small form of transport for traveling on water
verb
To travel on a lake or river

amplify

US / 'æmplɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈæmpləˌfaɪ /

verb
To increase the effect of something
To add more details to a story or something said

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

again

US / ə'ɡen /

•

UK / əˈɡɛn /

adverb
One more time, once more

different

US / ˈdɪfrənt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

adjecitve
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

current

US / 'kʌrənt /

•

UK / ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr- /

adjecitve
Happening or being in the present time
noun
Electricity flowing through wires
Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

eventually

US / ɪˈventʃuəli /

•

UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /

adverb
After a long time; after many attempts; in the end

iron

US / ˈaɪən /

•

UK / ˈaɪərn /

adjecitve
Being very tough, strong, and determined
noun
Heavy metal device heated to smooth clothes
Golf club with a metal head
Strong hard metal used to make steel
verb
To use a hot flat-based machine to smooth clothes

optimism

US / ˈɒptɪmɪzəm /

•

UK / ˈɑptəˌmɪzəm /

noun
Condition of having a positive outlook or belief

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

people

US / 'pi:pl /

•

UK / ˈpipəl /

noun
Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
Men, Women, Children

site

US / saɪt /

•

UK / saɪt /

noun
Place that is reserved for a particular activity
Location of building work
Location of something
Place where something of special interest happened
Website
verb
To place something in a particular position, area

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

week

US / wi:k /

•

UK / wik /

noun
Period of seven days from Sunday to Saturday

equipment

US / ɪˈkwɪpmənt /

•

UK / ɪˈkwɪpmənt /

noun
Tools or materials used to perform a task

house

US / haʊs /

•

UK / haʊs /

noun
Place where a specific activity or business occurs
Building in which a family, person lives
verb
To give someone a place to live
To contain or store something

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

sink

US / sɪŋk /

•

UK / sɪŋk /

noun
Large bowl in a kitchen or washroom for washing
verb
To push something down into the ground
To dig (a well)
To move down toward a lower point
To decrease in value or amount

telephone

US / ˈtelɪfəʊn /

•

UK / ˈtelɪfoʊn /

noun
Machine used to talk to someone who is far away
verb
To talk to someone using a phone

refuse

US / rɪ'fju:z /

•

UK / ˈrefjus /

noun
Garbage, waste
verb
To not accept, allow, or give something

wine

US / waɪn /

•

UK / waɪn /

adjecitve
Dark red color
noun
Alcoholic drink made from the juice of grapes

anyone

US / ˈeniwʌn /

•

UK / ˈɛniˌwʌn, -wən /

pronoun
Any person

attract

US / ə'trækt /

•

UK / əˈtrækt /

verb
To make something move closer using magnetic force
To make someone notice and become interested in

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

expand

US / ɪk'spænd /

•

UK / ɪkˈspænd /

verb
To make something larger in size, number, amount

factory

US / ˈfæktri /

•

UK / ˈfæktəri /

noun
Building where things are made

energy

US / 'enədʒɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛnədʒi /

noun
Physical or mental strength

enough

US / ɪˈnʌf /

•

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

adjecitve
Sufficient to answer the need
adverb
To a satisfactory degree
pronoun
Equal to what is needed; as much as required
Adequate number or amount

great

US / ɡreɪt /

•

UK / ɡret /

adjecitve
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
adverb
Very good; better than before
noun
Successful and well-admired person

learner

US / 'lɜ:nə(r) /

•

UK / 'lɜ:rnər /

noun
Someone gaining knowledge or skill through study

instrumentation

US / ˌɪnstrəmenˈteɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɪnstrəmɛnˈteʃən /

noun
Series of gauges and dials that provide data

offer

US / 'ɒfə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔfɚ, ˈɑfɚ /

noun
Price you say you are willing to pay for something
Act of making a thing available to be accepted
verb
To suggest a price you are willing to pay
To give the opportunity to accept something
To say you are willing to do something
To give or say something as an act of worship

reply

US / rɪˈplaɪ /

•

UK / rɪˈplaɪ /

noun
Answer to someone's question
A response in speech, writing or action
verb
To respond by speech, writing or action
To give a response in speech, writing or action

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

require

US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

verb
To demand that someone does something
To need to do something, to make it necessary

watch

US / wɒtʃ /

•

UK / wɑtʃ /

noun
Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
verb
To keep in check, manage, or control something
To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
To look at carefully to work out what is happening
To protect and care for someone or something

Subtitles section

These days, we take it for granted that we can transmit text, audio, and even images all over the world in an instant.

In fact, there's a good chance that you're watching this video wirelessly, across the ocean, thousands of miles away.

It's only been this way for a bit over a century, though, and there was a time when the scientific consensus believed that sending electromagnetic signals like radio waves over the horizon was just impossible.

Due to this belief, famous inventor Nikola Tesla came up with a different idea for sending information wirelessly over long distances, conducting an electrical current through the Earth itself.

While his initial plan was simply aimed at sending messages from the US to the UK and ships at sea, it eventually evolved into a design for a global, wireless energy system with devices drawing power from the Earth with no need for wires.

As grand as these visions were, Tesla's colleagues, competitors, and financiers were less than convinced, and the story of the Tesla Tower quickly went from one of optimism and ingenuity to eccentricity,

Tragedy, and madness.

Tesla

Tower, or Wardenclyffe Tower as it was officially called because Tesla had bought the land in Shoreham, Long Island from developer James S. Warden, was the principal part of the inventor's design for transmitting electricity through the Earth.

Like most scientists at the time, Tesla believed that radio waves, which he doubted even existed, would travel in straight lines and therefore be useless in transmitting energy or information over the horizon since they'd just shoot off into space.

Instead, in the late 1890s, Tesla began experimenting with the electrical charge of the Earth itself.

He theorized that if he injected a current into the ground at the right frequency, the Earth's charge would amplify it into waves that could be harnessed from anywhere on the planet for power or communication.

To complete the required circuit, the charge would be returned through the air.

This relied on a theory by Mallon Loomis, who posited that there was a layer of Earth's atmosphere that was highly conductive.

Tesla had not tested this theory extensively, but he had achieved wireless power transmission at his facility in Colorado Springs using the Tesla Coil, or Magnifying Transmitter as he called it, as one of his most famous inventions that was patented in 1891.

This involved illuminating Geissler vacuum tubes planted in the ground several miles away with an electrical current sent through the Earth, though some still debate the veracity of that experiment.

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Tesla was apparently convinced, though, and believed that he could transmit power not just over a few miles in Colorado, but around the entire world.

People could power machines, or pick up audio and other information or signals from anywhere around the globe without having to plug into a grid, and as the current returned through the atmosphere, it would even create a glow that could be used to light cities and shipping lanes.

This world-wireless system would rely on a system of 30 towers like the one Tesla ultimately built at Wardenclyffe.

These would take power generated by industrial alternators and pump it into the Earth as low-frequency longwaves.

Upon returning to New York from Colorado Springs, Tesla's utopian visions of a future with global wireless power had grown to leviathan proportions, and included harnessing the sun as a power source,

Weather control, and the end of war.

Because why not?

He immediately began writing to important investors to get funding for the Wardenclyffe Tower.

Tesla's ventures in Colorado Springs had been funded by John Jacob Astor, a friend of Tesla's and one of the richest men in the world, who would later die in the 1912 sinking of the Titanic.

Back in New York, Tesla moved into the luxurious Waldorf Astoria Hotel on Park Avenue, where he wined and dined other potential investors, starting with George Westinghouse, an engineer and entrepreneur who had made a fortune manufacturing electrical equipment.

Tesla proposed that Westinghouse provide all the electric machinery while retaining ownership and receiving a large share of Tesla's company.

Westinghouse declined, but did lend the investor $6,000, which is well over $200,000 today.

John Jacob Astor also bought 500 shares of the company.

But Tesla had little luck convincing investors until wealthy banker and magnate J.P. Morgan became interested in wireless transmissions after Italian inventor Mark Cote managed to use radio signals to send reports of the America's Cup Yacht Races to New York from Long Island.

Morgan was convinced that wireless transmission would replace transatlantic telegraph cables and wanted to bet on which horse would win the wireless race.

After a meeting, Morgan signed a contract for an investment of $150,000 in exchange for 51% of Tesla's company.

This was no small sum, the equivalent of over $5 million today.

With Morgan's money, Tesla went straight to work.

He placed orders for generators and transformers with Westinghouse and bought 200 acres of lands on Long Island from James S. Warden, who was in the process of building a resort community called Wardenclyffe-on-Sound.

Together, the two men envisioned Wardenclyffe becoming the hub of the world wireless system, and a radio city filled with factories and housing for thousands of workers.

However, this dream was short-lived, and Tesla's associates quickly lost their optimism for the project.

The End of the World Marconi soon proved the scientific consensus wrong, including Tesla, by transmitting radio signals over the horizon.

In December, 1901, the Italian scientist transmitted three clicks, Morse code for the letter S, across the Atlantic, from Poldo in Cornwall to St. John's, Newfoundland in Canada.

This was 2,200 miles, or 3,500 kilometers, much farther than was thought possible.

And though modern scientists were actually skeptical of Marconi's claims, it was enough to worry Tesla and his investors.

The competition seemed to motivate Tesla, though, who decided his system at Wardenclyffe would have to be even bigger and more powerful.

He wanted to quickly demonstrate the system's effectiveness by transmitting Morse code wirelessly to Europe, as well as a telephone call and images, and, of course, not to mention electrical power.

Specifically, Tesla decided he needed a tower at least 300 feet tall, and possibly as tall as 600, somewhere between 90 and 180 meters.

The problem was that this would cost more than the $150,000 that J.P. Morgan had agreed to, most of which Tesla still hadn't received.

Instead, it was going to cost $450,000, three times as much.

Morgan refused, foreshadowing the financial problems Tesla was about to face.

Ultimately,

Tesla conceded to build a tower just 186 feet, or 57 meters, tall.

It stood on a wooden frame, but had a steel cupola at the top that measured 68 feet, or 21 meters, in diameter, and weighed 55 tons.

Tesla connected the tower to the Earth via a steel-lined hollow shaft measuring 10 by 12 feet, or 3 by 3.5 meters, inserted 120 feet, or 37 meters, into the ground.

Tesla claimed that, at the bottom of the shaft, he had pushed 16 iron pipes measuring 300 feet, or 90 meters, even deeper into the ground.

He would then send the current through these pipes to take hold of the Earth.

He stated that this would allow him to, quote, "...have a grip on the Earth so the whole of this globe can quiver." Below the tower, Tesla built a facility, designed by his friend and architect, Stanford White.

It housed a laboratory, instrumentation room, boiler room, and machine shop, as well as a room for the coal-fired, 200-kilowatt Westinghouse Alternating Current Generator.

The inventor brought in extensive equipment, including transformers, glass-blowing machinery, X-ray machines, Tesla coils, and even a remote-controlled boat.

Little else is known about the facility, because Tesla minimized press contact, which has led to creative speculation about other aspects of the Wardenclyffe Complex.

For instance, the tower's cupola featured a five-foot hole in its top where Tesla mounted ultraviolet lights.

No one knows what these were for, though some guess they were meant to create an ionized path to tap into the conductive layer of the atmosphere that was central to Tesla's theories.

Other mysterious parts of the facility include four tunnels 100 feet or 30 meters long, radiating north, south, east, and west from the tower's main shaft.

Were they part of the tower's electrical connection to the Earth's resonance, or merely drainage tunnels?

Nobody really knows.

With little inside information getting out, everything appeared to be going great to the public.

In 1902, Tesla told the press, quote, "...we have been sending wireless messages for long distances from this station for some time." And in June of that year, he more or less moved his operation permanently to Wardenclyffe,

Abandoning his laboratory in Manhattan.

However, Tesla's private correspondence paints a much different picture.

By the fall of 1901, letters between him and Stanford White show the inventor was already worried about foreclosure on the facility.

By 1903, Tesla was desperate, and wrote to J.P. Morgan, "...will you help me, or let my great work, almost complete, go to pots?" Morgan basically blew him off with his response, saying, "...I have received your letter,

And in reply would say that I should not feel disposed at present to make any further advances." After receiving the banker's rejection on July 14, 1903, Tesla initiated what has come to be the greatest mystery of the Wardenclyffe facility.

That night, the Tesla Tower turned on and shot flashes of light up into the Long Island sky, which it continued to do for several nights after.

Tesla never said what the flashes meant, and the tower was never turned on again.

Things only got worse from there.

Not only was Marconi regularly sending radio transmissions with increasing sophistication, but the 1903 Wall Street Panic made investors more cautious and skeptical.

Tesla continued looking for funding, and even approached the US Navy, but had no luck.

J.P. Morgan ignored the inventor's continued pleas, or replied curtly through his secretary.

Everything finally broke down in 1906.

Stanford White was murdered by Harry Kendall Thor, after the architect had an affair with his wife, actress Evelyn Nesbitt.

One of Tesla's inventors, William Rankin, also had a heart attack and passed away.

Tesla's manager at the Wardenclyffe facility, George Scherff, quit, presumably because he wasn't getting paid.

Many modern historians speculate that, at this point, Tesla had a nervous breakdown as a result of these events.

Still living at the Waldorf Astoria, Tesla took out a mortgage on the Wardenclyffe property to pay the considerable bill he'd racked up, something he had to repeat in 1908.

With no new money forthcoming, and debts being called in, Tesla finally abandoned Wardenclyffe in 1911.

In 1912, Tesla's investors started asking questions.

Namely, where was their money?

Tesla didn't have an answer for them.

The truth was, he couldn't even pay his rent, much less the investments that the press had estimated at over a million dollars, or nearly $36 million today.

In fact, he still owed $20,000 to George C. Bolt, the owner of the Waldorf Astoria.

That's more than half a million dollars adjusted for inflation.

Bolt eventually foreclosed on the two mortgages Tesla had taken out on the Wardenclyffe facility, but it did little to satisfy the debt.

Bolt demolished the Tesla Tower and sold it for $1,750 worth of scrap.

He then put the land up for sale.

The property passed through numerous hands, before ending up with the AGRA Corporation, a Belgium-German manufacturer of various photography, film, and imaging products.

They ran a factory on the site, which they closed in 1992.

After cleaning it up, AGRA put the property up for sale in 2009 for $1.65 million.

A non-profit organization bought it in 2013, with funding from an unlikely source, the Oatmeal Web comic.

The Wardenclyffe site had already been marked as a testament to Tesla's ingenuity in 1976.

With the facility's main building still standing, representatives from the Brookhaven National Laboratory installed a plaque from Yugoslavia commemorating Tesla, who had been born in Serbia, or at the time part of Yugoslavia,

In 1856.

However, the plaque was stolen in 2009, and Tesla fans decided they wanted something grander to honor the visionary.

Matthew Inman, creator of the Oatmeal, took up the reins and joined the Tesla Science Center at Wardenclyffe non-profit organization to start an Indiegogo crowdfunding campaign to create a museum and educational science center on the property.

They raised their goal of $850,000 in a week, in part due to donations from business magnate Elon Musk.

Now, mostly restored, the Tesla Science Center at Wardenclyffe offers tours of the historical facilities, educational programs, rotating exhibits and celebrations.

They plan to expand their educational programs to provide even more ways to engage children in the arts and sciences, and encourage and improve science education.

Renovations of the facilities are ongoing, as well.

Plus, the center offers a number of virtual programs and tours.

Anyone can visit the historical site online and revel in Tesla's genius, and the ambition, if not fulfilled, of his dream of a world with wireless power.

And, yeah, if you took the plaque, give it back.