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ruling

US / ˈru:lɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈrulɪŋ /

A2

noun
A legal decision about a court case
verb
To decide legally, especially in court
To have control or influence
To mark with a straight line

vice

US / ˌvaɪs /

•

UK / ˌvaɪ.sə /

B2

adverb
used to say that what you have just said is also true in the opposite order

chaos

US / 'keɪɒs /

•

UK / ˈkeˌɑs /

B1

other
State of utter confusion or disorder

convoy

US / ˈkɒnvɔɪ /

•

UK / ˈkɑ:nvɔɪ /

B2

noun
Group of moving vehicles, e.g. of an army/navy

exploit

US / ɪk'splɔɪt /

•

UK / ɪkˈsplɔɪt /

B1

noun
Personal journey or series of events
verb
To selfishly take advantage of or treat badly
To use something in a very effective manner

rich

US / rɪtʃ /

•

UK / rɪtʃ /

A1

adjecitve
Having a lot of money or valuable possessions
Containing a lot of exciting events or experiences and therefore very interesting
(of a color, sound, smell, etc.) Pleasantly deep or strong
If food is rich, it contains a large amount of oil, butter, eggs, or cream.

sound

US / saʊnd /

•

UK / saʊnd /

A1

adjecitve
Sensible, dependable and reliable
Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
Firm or solid in structure
Sane; not mentally ill
Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
noun
Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
verb
To seem or appear to be, from what was said
To say in a clear deliberate manner
To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

grow

US / ɡrəʊ /

•

UK / ɡro /

A1

verb
To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
To improve; to develop better skills over time
To develop and become bigger or taller over time

conclave

US / ˈkɒŋkleɪv /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌklev, ˈkɑŋ- /

C2

noun
Confidential or secret meeting

within

US / wɪˈðɪn /

•

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

A1

adverb
Inside the limits of an area, time or range
preposition
From the inside of something

yourself

US / jɔ:ˈself /

•

UK / jʊrˈsɛlf, jɔr-, jor-, jə- /

A1

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'you', used for an emphasis

consider

US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

•

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

A1

verb
To think carefully about something

cornerstone

US / ˈkɔ:nəstəʊn /

•

UK / ˈkɔ:rnərstoʊn /

A1

noun
Stone at the outer corner of two joining walls

matter

US / 'mætə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmætɚ /

A1

noun
Material all things are made of that fills space
Problem or reason for concern
verb
To be of great importance; to count

once

US / wʌns /

•

UK / wʌns /

A1

adverb
One time; one instance
At a time in the past
conjunction
When; as soon as

motivation

US / ˌməʊtɪ'veɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌmotəˈveʃən /

B1

noun
Reason behind why someone did something

trade

US / treɪd /

•

UK / treid /

A2

noun
A specific industry, e.g. shoe making
Action of buying and selling things in business
The buying and selling of goods and services
Exchanging something for something else
Job often requiring physical skills, e.g. plumbing
verb
To buy, sell and exchange goods in business
To give something in return for something else

stem

US / stem /

•

UK / stɛm /

B1

noun
Long thin central part of a plant, bearing leaves
Long thin part supporting something e.g. a light
Main part of a word, e.g. 'use' in 'useful'
verb
To remove the stem of a flower or fruit
To start from or be the origin of
To stop something bad from spreading or developing

centaur

US / ˈsentɔː(r) /

•

UK / ˈsentɔːr /

A1

noun
Mythical being that is half man and half horse

domestic

US / dəˈmestɪk /

•

UK / dəˈmɛstɪk /

A2

adjecitve
British informal fight between husband and wife
Concerning your own home or house
Concerning or made in your own country
noun
Someone paid to help with housework in your house

attack

US / ə'tæk /

•

UK / əˈtæk /

A2

noun
Act intended to hurt someone physically, mentally
verb
To try to destroy, beat, or injure

industrious

US / ɪnˈdʌstriəs /

•

UK / ɪnˈdʌstriəs /

C1

adjecitve
Working hard

sell

US / sel /

•

UK / sɛl /

A1

verb
To exchange something for money
To persuade people to do, like or agree

speak

US / spi:k /

•

UK / spik /

A1

verb
To be able to use a certain language
To use words to tell information, express thoughts

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

A1

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

council

US / 'kaʊnsl /

•

UK / ˈkaʊnsəl /

A2

noun
Group chosen to make decisions about something

sure

US / ʃʊə(r) /

•

UK / ʃʊr /

A1

adjecitve
Having no doubts about something
Have confidence in your own words or actions
Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
Being correct or true
adverb
What you say to agree willingly

additional

US / əˈdɪʃənl /

•

UK / ə'dɪʃənl /

A2

adjecitve
Further or added

after

US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

•

UK / ˈæftɚ /

A1

adverb
Later than another time, or behind something
conjunction
Following something before
preposition
When an event happened or time has passed

discipline

US / 'dɪsəplɪn /

•

UK / ˈdɪsəplɪn /

B1

noun
Instruction and practice to teach obedience
Particular field of study
Act of punishing a person for wrongdoing
verb
To control or train others by making them obey you
To punish a person for their wrongdoing

monstrous

US / ˈmɒnstrəs /

•

UK / ˈmɑ:nstrəs /

B1

adjecitve
Abnormally large or bad

thousand

US / ˈθaʊznd /

•

UK / ˈθaʊzənd /

A1

number
Number 1,000

surely

US / ˈʃʊəli /

•

UK / ˈʃʊrli /

A1

adverb
With certainty; definitely

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

A1

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

capture

US / 'kæptʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkæptʃɚ /

B1

verb
To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
To record, tape, or film something
To catch and prevent from being free
To take control of a place or object by force

himself

US / hɪmˈself /

•

UK / hɪmˈsɛlf /

A1

pronoun
The same (male) person who did the action

petrify

US / ˈpetrɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈpɛtrəˌfaɪ /

C2

verb
To be very afraid or paralysed with terror
To convert into stone or a stony substance

among

US / əˈmʌŋ /

•

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

A1

preposition
In the center of several things

armament

US / ˈɑ:məmənt /

•

UK / ˈɑrməmənt /

C1

noun
Weapon or military force

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

A1

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

tool

US / tu:l /

•

UK / tul /

A2

noun
Device used to make things, e.g. a hammer
verb
To provide a workshop with the right equipment

knife

US / naɪf /

•

UK / naɪf /

A1

noun
Long piece of metal you use for cutting things
verb
To attack someone with a sharp long blade
To move through something easily and quickly

industry

US / 'ɪndəstrɪ /

•

UK / ˈɪndəstri /

A1

noun
Hard work; being busy working
Factories or businesses that make certain products

large

US / lɑ:dʒ /

•

UK / lɑ:rdʒ /

A1

adjecitve
Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat

ingredient

US / ɪnˈgri:diənt /

•

UK / ɪnˈɡridiənt /

B1

noun
Food item used when making a meal or drink
Quality necessary to be something to work well

stack

US / stæk /

•

UK / stæk /

B1

noun
A large number or amount of something
Large tube through which smoke exits a building
verb
To arrange cards in a certain order, to cheat
To put one thing on top of another, e.g. boxes

exile

US / 'eksaɪl /

•

UK / ˈɛɡˌzaɪl, ˈɛkˌsaɪl /

B2

noun
State of being forced to leave your country
One forced to leave their home and live elsewhere
verb
One forced to leave their home and live elsewhere

perhaps

US / pəˈhæps /

•

UK / pɚˈhæps /

A1

adverb
Possibly, but not certainly; maybe

seat

US / si:t /

•

UK / sit /

A1

noun
Place where a government or organization is based
A chair or place to sit
Official position in an organization
Part of a chair on which a person sits
verb
To have seats available for a number of people
To give someone a place to sit down

abomination

US / əˌbɒmɪˈneɪʃn /

•

UK / əˌbɑ:mɪˈneɪʃn /

C1

noun
Something or someone that makes you feel disgust

forever

US / fər'evə(r) /

•

UK / fɔrˈɛvɚ, fə- /

B1

adverb
For all future time; in the future

forge

US / fɔ:dʒ /

•

UK / fɔ:rdʒ /

B1

noun
A furnace to melt and shape metals with heat
verb
To create something by hammering hot metal
To form something new, such a relationship
To make a false copy to deceive others

keep

US / ki:p /

•

UK / kip /

A1

noun
Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
Money spent on you so you can live in a place
verb
To continue doing something; not to stop
To stop balls going in a goal in sports
To not give back or return something
(Of food) to not spoil or not rot
To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
To have and continue to hold something
To do something that you have promised or agreed
To stay in a certain place or condition
To maintain the rules

notch

US / nɒtʃ /

•

UK / nɑtʃ /

B2

noun
Certain level (slightly higher or lower than)
Narrow pass between two mountains or hills
Cut in the shape of the letter V
verb
To cut a small V-shaped mark into something

name

US / neɪm /

•

UK / nem /

A1

noun
What something or someone is called
verb
To state what someone is called, e.g. John

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

A1

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

guy

US / ɡaɪ /

•

UK / ɡaɪ /

A1

noun
Man; boy; any person

major

US / 'meɪdʒə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmedʒɚ /

A2

adjecitve
Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
Important, serious, or large in scope, size
noun
High-ranking officer in the army
Main subject you study at university
verb
To study a particular subject at university

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

concept

US / 'kɒnsept /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌsɛpt /

A2

noun
Abstract idea of something or how it works

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

A1

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

resource

US / riˈsɔ:s /

•

UK / ˈriˌsɔrs, -ˌsors, -ˌzɔrs, -ˌzors, rɪˈsɔrs, -ˈsors, /

A2

noun
Something that can be used profitably; asset
An essential supply of something
Resourcefulness; ability to deal with problems
verb
To obtain (e.g. oil, gas) from its source

versa

US / 'vɜ:sə /

•

UK / 'vɜ:sə /

C1

adverb
used to say that what you have just said is also true in the opposite order

call

US / kɔ:l /

•

UK / kɔl /

A1

noun
A order or request for action
The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
A short visit to a place or person
A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
verb
To make a request or order for action
(Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
To announce the date of an election
To make a judgment about something
To give someone or something a name
To guess in advance the result or outcome
To visit a place or person for a short time
To phone someone
To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

leave

US / li:v /

•

UK / liv /

A1

noun
Permission to do something
Vacation time; time off work
verb
To go away from; depart
To gift property to someone after you die
To allow something to continue happening
To let something remain unused or available
To let something or someone remain somewhere

seize

US / si:z /

•

UK / siz /

B1

verb
To take a place with force, as by military action
To arrest or catch someone
To take someone's property with legal authority
To take hold of something suddenly and violently

where

US / hwɛə /

•

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1

conjunction
At or in the place which
In whatever place
pronoun
Word you use to ask the location of something

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

A1

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

backbone

US / 'bækbəʊn /

•

UK / ˈbækˌbon /

B2

noun
Strength and determination

corpse

US / kɔ:ps /

•

UK / kɔrps /

B2

noun
A dead body

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

A1

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

dwarf

US / dwɔ:f /

•

UK / dwɔrf /

B2

noun
Person of short stature, due to medical condition

gold

US / gəʊld /

•

UK / goʊld /

A2

noun
Soft yellow metal that is very valuable
Person's name
adjecitve
Dark yellow color often seen in sunsets

competition

US / ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌkɑmpɪˈtɪʃən /

A2

noun
Fighting against others to win something

darkness

US / 'dɑ:knəs /

•

UK / ˈdɑrknɪs /

A2

noun
The state or quality of being dark in color

sorcery

US / ˈsɔ:səri /

•

UK / ˈsɔrsəri /

B2

noun
Use of supernatural power over others; witchcraft

willing

US / 'wɪlɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈwɪlɪŋ /

A2

adjecitve
Act of making a choice
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

damn

US / dæm /

•

UK / dæm /

B2

exclamation
A mild swear word used to express annoyance
verb
To cause the downfall or failure of; criticize
To threaten with everlasting punishment

smith

US / smɪθ /

•

UK / smɪθ /

A1

noun
Someone who works hot metal to make things
Someone who works hot metal by hammering it
other
Religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in
Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in )
Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade
Someone who works at something specified

priest

US / pri:st /

•

UK / prist /

B1

noun
Person who can perform ceremonies in a religion

unit

US / ˈju:nɪt /

•

UK / ˈjunɪt /

B2

noun
One apartment in a building
Group of people, e.g. soldiers, that work together
A chapter of a textbook
A standard of measurement of something
Single item made by a company

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

A1

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

his

US / hɪz /

•

UK / hɪz /

A1

pronoun
Something belonging to a male person

father

US / ˈfɑ:ðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfɑðɚ /

A1

noun
A male parent
Man who is the first to do or invent something
verb
To create a child by making a woman pregnant

upon

US / əˈpɔn, əpən /

•

UK / əˈpɑn, əˈpɔn /

A1

preposition
More formal term for 'on'

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

gather

US / ˈgæðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɡæðɚ /

A2

noun
Fold in cloth, as in a full skirt
verb
To bring objects together into one place
(Of liquids) To come to a head, as in boil
To collect foods such as wild berries or crops
To increase or accumulate
To bring people, animals together into a group
To activate strength, courage to prepare for task
To understand or believe some information

squad

US / skwɒd /

•

UK / skwɑ:d /

B1

noun
A sports team

waste

US / weɪst /

•

UK / west /

A2

noun
Materials left over after a process has finished
verb
To kill or severely harm someone
To use valuable things ineffectively

vicious

US / 'vɪʃəs /

•

UK / ˈvɪʃəs /

B1

adjecitve
Very dangerous, e.g. an animal or dog
Being very mean or violent
Expressing very mean or angry feelings

increase

US / ɪn'kri:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈkris /

A1

noun
Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
verb
To make or become larger in size or amount

stark

US / stɑ:k /

•

UK / stɑ:rk /

B2

adjecitve
Very clear and often unpleasant

almost

US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /

•

UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /

A1

adverb
Only a little less than, nearly, not quite

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

A1

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

machine

US / mə'ʃi:n /

•

UK / məˈʃin /

A1

noun
Piece of equipment used to do work
Powerful group who control and organize things
verb
To shape, work on something, using a device

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

A1

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

prophet

US / ˈprɒfɪt /

•

UK / ˈprɑ:fɪt /

B2

noun
Someone who predicts the future
Religious person who foretells the will of God

both

US / bəuθ /

•

UK / boθ /

A1

determiner
Used to refer to two things at the same time
pronoun
Used to refer to two things at the same time

drill

US / drɪl /

•

UK / drɪl /

B1

noun
A machine that makes holes with a metal bit
Exercise done to learn military skills
Disciplined practice, as of soldiers marching
verb
To make a deep hole to find oil, gas etc.
To put a hole in something by using a boring tool
To train in something through repetition

hold

US / həʊld /

•

UK / hold /

A1

noun
Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
Influence or power held over someone
Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
verb
To agree to keep something for someone
To have the capacity to support/contain something
To control an area and protect it from attack
To not allow someone to leave a place
To cause an event to happen at a place or time
To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
To have a specific quality or property
To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
To have or own something
To wait before being able to talk on the phone
To limit the movement of someone in a sport

military

US / 'mɪlətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri /

B1

adjecitve
Concerning the army or navy
noun
Army or armed forces

salvation

US / sælˈveɪʃn /

•

UK / sælˈveʃən /

B2

noun
Being sent to heaven by believing in God
Thing that saves someone from danger, loss, etc.

stout

US / staʊt /

•

UK / staʊt /

C2

adjecitve
Having a large body wide with fat or muscles
noun
A dark bitter beer

add

US / æd /

•

UK / æd /

A1

verb
To include as well
To put two things or numbers together, e.g. 2+2

discover

US / dɪˈskʌvə(r) /

•

UK / dɪˈskʌvɚ /

A2

verb
To find something new that was not known before

society

US / sə'saɪətɪ /

•

UK / səˈsaɪɪti /

A2

noun
A group who meet to share values or interests
Group of people living together
Upper class of a community

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

A1

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

A1

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

nature

US / 'neɪtʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnetʃɚ /

A1

noun
Person's character or particular way of behaving
Basic look, feel or function of something
Physical world, including plants, animals, rocks

expedition

US / ˌekspəˈdɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɛkspɪˈdɪʃən /

B1

noun
Long journey, often to a dangerous or new place
Short trip to a specific place, e.g. for shopping

heart

US / hɑ:t /

•

UK / hɑrt /

A1

noun
A feeling of care for others; compassion
Courage, confidence, and emotional strength
Be cheerfully encouraging
Most essential, important, or central part
Referring to a promise or something important
State or feelings of affection or deep love
Core part of a vegetable, e.g. a lettuce
The part of the body that pumps blood
Place where emotions are believed to be felt
A shape that represents love

outpost

US / 'aʊtpəʊst /

•

UK / ˈaʊtˌpost /

C1

noun
Outlying branch or position of a main organization

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

A1

determiner
Belonging to them

way

US / weɪ /

•

UK / we /

A1

adverb
Used to emphasize the amount of something
noun
Particular aspect of something being thought about
One of various choices that could be made
Particular existing condition or state
(Often long) distance or length of time
How something is done
Route to go to a place
Small street
Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

ancestor

US / 'ænsestə(r) /

•

UK / ˈænˌsɛstɚ /

B1

noun
A person from your family that lived in the past

beset

US / bɪ'set /

•

UK / bɪˈsɛt /

C1

verb
To have or cause great difficulties; harass

fear

US / fɪə(r) /

•

UK / fɪr /

A1

noun
Unpleasant feeling caused by being aware of danger
verb
To be afraid of or nervous about something

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

A1

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

A1

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

very

US / 'verɪ /

•

UK / ˈvɛri /

A1

adjecitve
Concerning a large degree or amount
adverb
A lot; much; many
Used to stress or emphasize a noun

elite

US / iˈliːt /

•

UK / iˈliːt /

B2

adjecitve
Belonging to the richest, most powerful, best-educated, or best-trained group in a society
noun
The richest, most powerful, best-educated, or best-trained group in a society

rage

US / reɪdʒ /

•

UK / reɪdʒ /

B1

noun
Strong or violent anger
Sudden display of strong or violent anger
verb
To act or speak with strong or violent anger
To move violently, like a storm

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

A1

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

A1

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

strange

US / streɪndʒ /

•

UK / strendʒ /

A1

adjecitve
Unusual or odd; surprising because unexpected

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

A1

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

worker

US / ˈwɜ:kə(r) /

•

UK / ˈwɜ:rkə(r) /

A1

noun
Person who works

build

US / bɪld /

•

UK / bɪld /

A1

noun
Your physical shape; physique
verb
To establish e.g. a reputation, over time
To construct a house, office, factory

cap

US / kæp /

•

UK / kæp /

B1

noun
Covering for the end or top of something
Small, soft hat often with a front visor or shade
An upper limit on the amount of (e.g. budget)
verb
To cover the top or end of an object
To limit the amount of usage of something

master

US / 'mɑ:stə(r) /

•

UK / ˈmæstɚ /

A2

adjecitve
Being very skilled at doing something
Being the main or most important thing or part
noun
Someone who is very skilled at doing something
Holding a higher degree from a university
Male teacher
Owner of an animal, e.g. a dog
verb
To gain control over something
To learn to do something very well

right

US / raɪt /

•

UK / raɪt /

A1

adjecitve
Correct or true
The south side of you looking at the rising sun
adverb
Exactly in a place or time
Being appropriate for a particular event
In a straight or direct manner
noun
Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
Ideal of what is just and good
Political view based on conservatism
verb
To fix something previously wrong or unjust
To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

fight

US / faɪt /

•

UK / faɪt /

A1

noun
An argument or quarrel
Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
A struggle to do a difficult task
verb
To argue or quarrel with someone about something
To try to hurt someone by hitting them
To struggle to do a difficult task

happen

US / 'hæpən /

•

UK / ˈhæpən /

A1

verb
To take place or occur

find

US / faɪnd /

•

UK / faɪnd /

A1

noun
Object discovered by chance
Things that have been discovered from searching
verb
To become aware of something that is happening
To discover or meet by chance
To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
To learn through study, research, or effort
To discover something by looking for it

factory

US / ˈfæktri /

•

UK / ˈfæktəri /

A2

noun
Building where things are made

energy

US / 'enədʒɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛnədʒi /

A2

noun
Physical or mental strength

enough

US / ɪˈnʌf /

•

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

A1

adjecitve
Sufficient to answer the need
adverb
To a satisfactory degree
pronoun
Equal to what is needed; as much as required
Adequate number or amount

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

A1

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

type

US / taɪp /

•

UK / taɪp /

A1

noun
Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
Group of things or people sharing common features
verb
To identify something belonging to a group
To write by touching keys on a keyboard

powder

US / 'paʊdə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpaʊdɚ /

B1

noun
Dry material made up of small powder-like pieces
Dry and light form of snow
verb
To apply a dust onto the body or face

servant

US / ˈsɜ:vənt /

•

UK / ˈsɚvənt /

A2

noun
Person paid to clean, cook, etc. in another's home

about

US / ə'baʊt /

•

UK / əˈbaʊt /

A1

adverb
To be ready to; going to
Nearly; approximately; roughly
Near; next to; close to
In every direction; in the area of
preposition
Concerning or of (a topic)

even

US / 'i:vn /

•

UK / ˈivən /

A1

adjecitve
Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
Being divided equally or fairly
(Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
Smooth, level, or regular
Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
At a regular, equally steady manner
Remaining steady and unchanging
adverb
(When this is surprising) as well; too
(Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
verb
To make something level; to flatten
To make something equal

cutthroat

US / ˈkʌtθrəʊt /

•

UK / ˈkʌtˌθroʊt /

A1

adjecitve
Ruthless in competition

like

US / laɪk /

•

UK / laɪk /

A1

adjecitve
Being equal in status or kind to something else
Similar; the same
adverb
For example
preposition
Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
In a way similar to the way something is done
Such as; for example
verb
To want to
To find something pleasing; to prefer something

different

US / ˈdɪfrənt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfrənt /

A1

adjecitve
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

that

US / ðæt /

•

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1

adjecitve
The person or thing being talked about
Used to identify something both the speakers know
adverb
Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
To such a degree
conjunction
Used to connect a noun clause
Used to introduce an adverbial clause
Used to introduce a noun clause
determiner
Used as a noun to refer to something
pronoun
Referring an object far away
Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

what

US / wɒt /

•

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1

pronoun
Thing or things that; the same kind as
Used to emphasize something you are about to say
adjecitve
Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
adverb
To a certain degree
determiner
Question words used for asking for information
exclamation
Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
Used to ask people to repeat something they said

nothing

US / 'nʌθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈnʌθɪŋ /

A1

noun
Item of little or no value, importance, interest
Number or value of zero
pronoun
Not anything, not a single thing

get

US / ɡet /

•

UK / ɡɛt /

A1

verb
To become affected by illness or disease
To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
To go somewhere to obtain something
To (cause to) do a particular thing
To obtain, receive or be given something
To currently have
To prepare for use
To understand something being said or read

cultist

US / /

•

UK / /

B2

noun
Member of an extreme religious cult

lowly

US / 'ləʊlɪ /

•

UK / ˈloli /

A1

adverb
Low or inferior in rank or quality

particularly

US / pəˈtikjuləli /

•

UK / pɚˈtɪkjələli, pəˈtɪk- /

A2

adverb
Specially; more than others

access

US / 'ækses /

•

UK / ˈæksɛs /

A2

noun
Way to enter a place, e.g. a station or stadium
verb
To be able to use or have permission to use

down

US / daʊn /

•

UK / daʊn /

A1

adjecitve
Being sad, sick, or unhappy
Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
adverb
In a sitting or lying position
Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
noun
A period of play in American Football
The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
preposition
Along something's path, course, or direction
Going from a higher position to a lower position
verb
To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping

fire

US / 'faɪə(r) /

•

UK / faɪr /

A1

noun
Heat and the flame produced when burning
Intense energy for or about something
verb
To apply heat to something to make it hard
To make a person leave their job; dismiss
To shoot a gun or weapon
To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
To start working on something e.g. a project

frankly

US / ˈfræŋkli /

•

UK / ˈfræŋkli /

B2

adverb
Speaking honestly and directly

search

US / sɜ:tʃ /

•

UK / sɜ:rtʃ /

A2

noun
Examination of person to find something
Action to find an answer to a problem
Action of trying to find someone or something
verb
To examine a person's clothing to find something
To look for an answer or explanation to a problem
To look carefully for someone or something

alright

US / ɔ:lˈraɪt /

•

UK / ɔlˈraɪt /

A2

adjecitve
OK; fine; good

capital

US / 'kæpɪtl /

•

UK / ˈkæpɪtl /

A2

adjecitve
Main, or major
noun
Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
Official main city of a country, province or state
Collective name for money, shares, and assets
Money that is used for a business

fair

US / feə(r) /

•

UK / fɛr /

A1

adjecitve
Neither very good nor very bad; average
(Of skin) light colored; not dark
Quite good; quite a lot
Treating all people the same way
(Of hair) light colored; blonde
(Of weather) sunny; not raining
noun
Event for companies to show their products
Event to sell things to help a charity

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

A1

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

perfect

US / 'pɜ:fɪkt /

•

UK / ˈpɚfɪkt /

A1

adjecitve
So good it cannot be improved
verb
To do something so well, it cannot be done better

power

US / 'paʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈpaʊɚ /

A1

noun
Legal or official right to perform certain actions
Ability to move forcefully and quickly
Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
Mathematical way to multiply a number
Condition of being in political control
Physical force, energy, and strength
verb
To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
To move something forcefully and quickly

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

A1

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

turn

US / tɜ:n /

•

UK / tɚn /

A1

noun
Place where changing of direction happens
Your time or chance to perform a duty
Your chance to play or do in say a game
Unexpected change, as in the weather
verb
To become (a particular age)
To become a different quality, color, etc.
To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
To move in an opposite direction or position
To shape metal with a spinning tool

indenture

US / ɪnˈdentʃə(r) /

•

UK / ɪnˈdɛntʃɚ /

A1

noun
Bind by or as if by indentures

innovate

US / ˈɪnəveɪt /

•

UK / ˈɪnəˌvet /

B1

verb
To introduce or create new things or make changes

make

US / meɪk /

•

UK / mek /

A1

noun
Product made by a particular company; brand
verb
To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
To get to (a place) on time
To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
To create something by putting things together
To earn a certain amount of money at a job
To cause or force a person to do something
To cause something to happen or be formed

refine

US / rɪ'faɪn /

•

UK / rɪˈfaɪn /

B1

verb
To change slightly in order to improve it
To narrow down your search to a smaller number
To make a liquid cleaner by removing something

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

A2

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

attribute

US / əˈtrɪbju:t /

•

UK / əˈtrɪbjut /

B1

noun
Characteristic something has, e.g. size or color
Adjectives placed before the nouns they modify
verb
(Of books, art, music) to say it was composed by

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

A1

number
Number 3

unpaid

US / ˌʌnˈpeɪd /

•

UK / ʌnˈped /

B1

adjecitve
Yet to be paid

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

A1

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

A1

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

giant

US / 'dʒaɪənt /

•

UK / ˈdʒaɪənt /

A2

adjecitve
Very large, or much bigger than other things
noun
Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
Very successful, powerful person or organization

follow

US / ˈfɔləu /

•

UK / ˈfɑlo /

A1

verb
To come after someone; be guided by someone
To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
To be the logical result of something
To happen after something else happens
To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
To understand something happening or being said

gnome

US / nəʊm /

•

UK / nom /

B2

noun
Small being living underground guarding treasure

laborer

US / 'leɪbərə /

•

UK / ˈlebərɚ /

A1

noun
Person doing physically challenging work for money

sorcerer

US / 'sɔ:sərə(r) /

•

UK / ˈsɔrsəɚ /

B2

noun
(In movies or books) person with magic powers

bout

US / baʊt /

•

UK / baʊt /

B2

noun
A boxing match
Period of time spent in a way; period; spell

ashen

US / ˈæʃn /

•

UK / ˈæʃn /

B1

adjecitve
Pale looking from illness or emotion

mate

US / meɪt /

•

UK / met /

B1

noun
A friend who you work, live, or go to school with
Partner in a (sexual) relationship
One of a matched pair e.g. a shoe or glove
A kind of officer on a ship
other
Person your wish to, or are married to
verb
To pair a male and female so they have children
To join or fit two things together

price

US / praɪs /

•

UK / praɪs /

A1

noun
Person's name
Cost of something in money
verb
To determine or set the cost of something

teach

US / ti:tʃ /

•

UK / titʃ /

A1

verb
To help someone learn or do something

stand

US / stænd /

•

UK / stænd /

A1

noun
Effort to fight against something
Piece of furniture; device to hold or support
Place in a stadium where spectators watch
Table where things are sold at a fair or market
verb
To be a candidate in an election
To be able to accept someone, something; bear
To last for a long time
To be upright; not be sitting or lying down
To place something in a particular position; place
To be (as stated)
To still be valid
To have an opinion about something

state

US / steɪt /

•

UK / stet /

A1

adjecitve
Concerning region within a country
noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in
verb
To say; declare as fact

bull

US / bʊl /

•

UK / bʊl /

B1

noun
Large male animal such as a cow or elephant
Nonsense; untrue or foolish statements
verb
To push/force something into a certain direction

alone

US / ə'ləʊn /

•

UK / əˈlon /

A1

adjecitve
Apart from others
Without equal
adverb
Without anyone or anything else

let

US / let /

•

UK / lɛt /

A1

verb
To allow someone to do something
Introducing a suggestion to do something together
To rent a house, etc. to others

material

US / məˈtɪəriəl /

•

UK / məˈtɪriəl /

A2

adjecitve
Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
Belonging to the world of physical things
noun
Cloth; fabric
Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
Substance from which a thing is made of

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

A1

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

newly

US / ˈnu:li:, ˈnju:- /

•

UK / ˈnuli, ˈnju- /

A2

adverb
Very recently; just done or made

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

A1

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

A1

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

brother

US / ˈbrʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbrʌðɚ /

A1

noun
A boy or man who shares a parent with you

decision

US / dɪ'sɪʒn /

•

UK / dɪˈsɪʒən /

A1

noun
Choice made after thinking; final judgment
Ability to make quick and confident choices

raw

US / rɔ: /

•

UK / rɔ /

B1

adjecitve
Being uncontrolled or strong, as your emotions
Being inexperienced
Being in a natural or unchanged state
(Of skin) being red and sore on the surface
(Of foods) uncooked

war

US / wɔ:(r) /

•

UK / wɔr /

A2

noun
Situation where armies fight each other

barrier

US / 'bærɪə(r) /

•

UK / ˈbæriɚ /

B1

noun
Difficult situation preventing something happening
Structure or object that stops free movement

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

A1

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

favour

US / ˈfeɪvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈfevɚ /

A2

noun
What someone asks of you; helpful act; a kindness
verb
To prefer or promote over another

pick

US / pɪk /

•

UK / pɪk /

A1

noun
Sharp tool used for breaking the ground
Item selected from a group of choices
verb
To take fruit or vegetables from a plant or tree
To decide on a thing from various choices; select
To remove (flower, etc.) with your fingers

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

A1

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

angle

US / ˈæŋgl /

•

UK / ˈæŋɡəl /

B1

noun
Place where two lines or surfaces meet

convert

US / kən'vɜ:t /

•

UK / kənˈvɚt /

A2

noun
Person switching from one belief system to another
verb
To switch from a religion, belief etc. to another
To change form, character, or function to another

equal

US / 'i:kwəl /

•

UK / ˈikwəl /

A1

adjecitve
Same in shape, size, or number
verb
To add up or be the same as

politic

US / ˈpɒlətɪk /

•

UK / ˈpɑlɪtɪk /

B2

adjecitve
Careful what you say; diplomatic

south

US / saʊθ /

•

UK / saʊθ /

A1

adjecitve
Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
Coming from the opposite direction from north
noun
The direction to your right of the rising sun

businessman

US / ˈbɪznəsmæn /

•

UK / ˈbɪznɪsˌmæn /

A2

noun
A man who works in business

dream

US / dri:m /

•

UK / drim /

A1

noun
A wish or hope for something to happen
Imagination or image of something you want
Images, thoughts, feelings experienced when asleep
verb
To wish for something to happen
To experience thoughts, images while asleep

opportunity

US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /

•

UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /

A2

noun
Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance

brutal

US / 'bru:tl /

•

UK / ˈbrutl /

B1

adjecitve
Extremely violent or mean

expect

US / ɪk'spekt /

•

UK / ɪkˈspɛkt /

A1

verb
To believe something is probably going to happen

tremble

US / 'trembl /

•

UK / ˈtrɛmbəl /

B1

verb
To shake a little, as due to an earthquake
To shake slightly because you are afraid/excited

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

A1

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

A1

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

establish

US / ɪˈstæblɪʃ /

•

UK / ɪˈstæblɪʃ /

A2

verb
To set or create something to last for a long time
To use facts, evidence to show truth or clarity

color

US / 'kʌlə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkʌlɚ /

A1

noun
Quality of things you can see, e.g. red, blue
Pink or red in your face, e.g. after being ill
The shade of someone's skin e.g. black, or yellow
verb
To change or affect someone's opinion
To make something colorful using colored pencils

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

A1

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

mine

US / maɪn /

•

UK / maɪn /

A1

noun
A bomb hidden in the ground or the sea
Rich source of material or information
Place under the ground where coal, etc. is dug out
pronoun
That thing that belongs to me
verb
To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
To dig into the earth or sea to obtain minerals

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

A1

determiner
Belonging to us

themselves

US / ðəmˈselvz /

•

UK / ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðəm- /

A1

pronoun
Reflexive form of 'they'

talk

US / tɔ:k /

•

UK / tɔk /

A1

noun
Style of speaking
Discussion between two countries
Giving information in front of people; lecture
Saying things or ideas to someone with words
verb
To make a formal speech about something
To say things or ideas to someone with words

control

US / kən'trəʊl /

•

UK / kənˈtrol /

A1

noun
A device designed to operate a machine
Participant in experiment that is left untouched
Act to dominate or command; make manageable
A law limiting the growth or spread of something
A place which overseas or manages e.g. a factory
verb
To direct or influence the behavior of something

limb

US / lɪm /

•

UK / lɪm /

B1

noun
Leg, arm, branch or wing
Part of something that extends out over an area

commander

US / kəˈmɑ:ndə(r) /

•

UK / kəˈmændə(r) /

B1

noun
Person with authority who commands or controls

those

US / ðəʊz /

•

UK / ðoz /

A1

determiner
The people or things we are talking about
pronoun
The objects far from the speaker

black

US / blæk /

•

UK / blæk /

A1

adjecitve
Color of the sky on a dark night
noun
A person with dark skin, often of African origin
Person's name
verb
To fill in something to make it a very dark color

leg

US / leɡ /

•

UK / lɛɡ /

A1

noun
Part of the body from the hips down
The piece of furniture that touches the ground

disgrace

US / dɪsˈgreɪs /

•

UK / dɪsˈɡres /

B2

noun
Shame or dishonor

send

US / send /

•

UK / sɛnd /

A1

verb
To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
To cause mail or packages to go to another place
To move something quickly in a particular way
To give information or greetings to someone

success

US / sək'ses /

•

UK / səkˈsɛs /

A2

noun
Achievement of a desired purpose or goal
A successful person; one who achieved their aims

labor

US / 'leɪbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈlebɚ /

A1

noun
The people with work in a community
All of the workers in a country, specific company
verb
To struggle to do something because it's difficult
To work hard (often physically) for many hours

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

hobgoblin

US / hɒbˈɡɒblɪn /

•

UK / ˈhɑːbɡɑːblɪn /

A1

noun
An ugly, mischievous elf or goblin.

rank

US / ræŋk /

•

UK / ræŋk /

B1

adjecitve
Complete and total; very obvious
Growing out of control
(Of a smell) very bad; pungent; stinking
noun
Group of people with a certain level of status
Level or position, as in society/sport competition
A place for taxis to wait for customers
Row in which people stand side by side, as in army
verb
To rate or class things
To assign a level or status, as of importance, to
To put items into a sequence, e.g. of importance

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

A2

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

tower

US / 'taʊə(r) /

•

UK / ˈtaʊɚ /

A2

noun
Tall, narrow building
Tall metal structure for broadcasting, or the view
verb
To be very good at something