Why do Flowers Exist? (Gymnosperms & Angiosperms): Crash Course Botany #9
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
own
US / əʊn /
•UK / on /
- adjecitve
- Belong to oneself
- determiner
- Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
- pronoun
- (Something) belong to myself
- verb
- To have something as your property
place
US / pleɪs /
•UK / ples /
- noun
- Particular location, area or region
- verb
- To put someone in a particular type of situation
- To put something in a certain location or position
meteoric
US / ˌmi:tiˈɒrɪk /
•UK / ˌmi:tiˈɔ:rɪk /
- adjecitve
- Concerning atmospheric phenomena
clever
US / 'klevə(r) /
•UK / ˈklɛvɚ /
- adjecitve
- Funny in a way that shows intelligence
- Showing intelligence; quick to understand or learn
touch
US / tʌtʃ /
•UK / tʌtʃ /
- noun
- Certain way of doing that makes something special
- A small amount of something
- Feeling of a surface
- verb
- To affect feelings, especially by causing sympathy
- To be next to each other with no space between
- To get involved with (used in negative)
- To feel an object with your fingers, etc.
she
US / ʃɪ /
•UK / ʃi /
- pronoun
- Female person or animal mentioned before
- (Refers to female person mentioned before)
right
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- adjecitve
- Correct or true
- The south side of you looking at the rising sun
- adverb
- Exactly in a place or time
- Being appropriate for a particular event
- In a straight or direct manner
- noun
- Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
- Ideal of what is just and good
- Political view based on conservatism
- verb
- To fix something previously wrong or unjust
- To make upright, as a boat that has turned over
ride
US / raɪd /
•UK / raɪd /
- noun
- Machine at an amusement park for riding on for fun
- Trip on a bicycle or a horse
- verb
- To travel in a particular vehicle as a passenger
- To sit on and control a horse or vehicle
resistance
US / rɪ'zɪstəns /
•UK / rɪˈzɪstəns /
- noun
- Force that stops or slows movement of something
- Refusal to accept something new or different
essentially
US / ɪˈsenʃəli /
•UK / ɪˈsenʃəli /
- adverb
- Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
endanger
US / ɪn'deɪndʒə(r) /
•UK / ɛnˈdendʒɚ /
- verb
- To bring a person/thing into a dangerous situation
baby
US / ˈbeɪbi /
•UK / ˈbeɪbi /
- adjecitve
- Small in size; smaller than usual
- noun
- A very young child, who cannot yet speak
- verb
- To treat someone as if they were newly born
vein
US / veɪn /
•UK / ven /
- noun
- Tube that returns blood from the body to the heart
- Mood or particular turn of mind
- Thin line of something that has a different color
thrive
US / θraɪv /
•UK / θraɪv /
- verb
- To be or become healthy or successful
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
stinky
US / ˈstɪŋki /
•UK / ˈstɪŋki /
- other
site
US / saɪt /
•UK / saɪt /
- noun
- Place that is reserved for a particular activity
- Location of building work
- Location of something
- Place where something of special interest happened
- Website
- verb
- To place something in a particular position, area
like
US / laɪk /
•UK / laɪk /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in status or kind to something else
- Similar; the same
- adverb
- For example
- preposition
- Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
- In a way similar to the way something is done
- Such as; for example
- verb
- To want to
- To find something pleasing; to prefer something
migrate
US / maɪˈgreɪt /
•UK / ˈmaɪgreɪt /
- verb
- To move from one country or place to live or work
different
US / ˈdɪfrənt /
•UK / ˈdɪfrənt /
- adjecitve
- Not of the same kind; unlike other things
eventually
US / ɪˈventʃuəli /
•UK / ɪˈvɛntʃuəli /
- adverb
- After a long time; after many attempts; in the end
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
about
US / ə'baʊt /
•UK / əˈbaʊt /
- adverb
- To be ready to; going to
- Nearly; approximately; roughly
- Near; next to; close to
- In every direction; in the area of
- preposition
- Concerning or of (a topic)
typical
US / ˈtɪpɪkl /
•UK / ˈtɪpɪkəl /
- adjecitve
- Normal; usual; expected
similarly
US / ˈsɪmələli /
•UK / ˈsɪmələrli /
- adverb
- In a way almost the same as something else
each
US / i:tʃ /
•UK / itʃ /
- determiner
- Every one of two or more things
- pronoun
- Per one person or thing
microscope
US / ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp /
•UK / ˈmaɪkrəskoʊp /
- noun
- Scientific device making small things look bigger
method
US / 'meθəd /
•UK / ˈmɛθəd /
- noun
- (Organized and planned) way of doing something
happen
US / 'hæpən /
•UK / ˈhæpən /
- verb
- To take place or occur
decongestant
US / ˌdi:kənˈdʒestənt /
•UK / ˌdikənˈdʒɛstənt /
- noun
- Drug that decreases pulmonary congestion
diversity
US / daɪ'vɜ:sətɪ /
•UK / dɪˈvə:sɪti, daɪ- /
- noun
- Having a range of different races, ideas etc.
city
US / 'sɪtɪ /
•UK / ˈsɪti /
- noun
- Area with many buildings, roads and people
cell
US / sel /
•UK / sɛl /
- noun
- Smallest unit of living things in biology
- Group of people - often from a secret organization
- Prisoner's room in a jail
- Shortened form of 'cellphone'
wet
US / wet /
•UK / wɛt /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a bar that serves or sells alcohol
- Having or experiencing a great deal of rain
- Containing water or liquid; not dry
- verb
- To accidentally pee in clothes or a bed
array
US / əˈreɪ /
•UK / ə'reɪ /
- noun
- A regular order or arrangement of things
- verb
- To arrange things in a regular order
determine
US / dɪ'tɜ:mɪn /
•UK / dɪˈtɚmɪn /
- verb
- To control exactly how something will be or act
- To establish the facts about; discover
head
US / hed /
•UK / hɛd /
- noun
- Counter for the number of cattle
- Natural mental ability or intelligence
- Leader or person with the greatest authority
- Mind; mental ability; mental state
- Side of a coin with a head on it
- Top part of your body with eyes and a mouth
- Starting point of something, e.g. a river
- verb
- To hit a ball with your head in a game
- To be first or at the front or top (e.g. a list)
- To travel or move toward a particular place; To go in a particular direction
- To become the leader of something
- To lead or be responsible for something
send
US / send /
•UK / sɛnd /
- verb
- To cause to behave or respond in a particular way
- To cause mail or packages to go to another place
- To move something quickly in a particular way
- To give information or greetings to someone
success
US / sək'ses /
•UK / səkˈsɛs /
- noun
- Achievement of a desired purpose or goal
- A successful person; one who achieved their aims
special
US / 'speʃl /
•UK / ˈspɛʃəl /
- adjecitve
- Being additional or extra
- Different, better or greater than normal
- noun
- Heavily discounted sales item
ask
US / ɑ:sk /
•UK / æsk /
- verb
- To say to someone that you want something
grow
US / ɡrəʊ /
•UK / ɡro /
- verb
- To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
- To improve; to develop better skills over time
- To develop and become bigger or taller over time
land
US / lænd /
•UK / lænd /
- noun
- Region or country
- Earth; the ground
- verb
- To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
- To obtain or get something that you wanted
- To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
- To cause to arrive in a specific place or state
tour
US / tʊə(r) /
•UK / tʊr /
- noun
- A trip to several places to perform a show
- A journey to visit several places for pleasure
- verb
- To travel to several places to perform a show
- To visit several places for pleasure
since
US / sɪns /
•UK / sɪns /
- adverb
- At a point before the present time
- conjunction
- For this reason; because
- preposition
- From the time in the past that
start
US / stɑ:t /
•UK / stɑrt /
- noun
- First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
- First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
- Sudden action or movement because you are scared
- other
- Beginning of something in place or time
- verb
- To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
- To turn something on
unique
US / jʊ'ni:k /
•UK / juˈnik /
- adjecitve
- Unlike other things; being the only one like it
well
US / wel /
•UK / wɛl /
- adjecitve
- Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
- Healthy and in good condition
- adverb
- In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
- In a complete, total, or full manner
- A great and considerable degree
- In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
- exclamation
- Used to begin or continue a particular statement
- Used to show you want to start saying something
- Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
- You say this to change the topic of a conversation
- Used to indicate you are making a final remark
- noun
- Long deep hole in the ground to get water
- verb
- To cause your eyes to fill with tears
amazing
US / ə'meɪzɪŋ /
•UK / ə'meɪzɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Surprising in a pleasing way
- verb
- To cause wonder; to surprise completely
branch
US / brɑ:ntʃ /
•UK / bræntʃ /
- noun
- Part of a family related to the same members
- Part of organization with a specific function
- Part of a tree growing outward from the trunk
- One of several streams combining to create a river
- Local office or store of a bank or large company
- (Often secret) group or subgroup of a religion
- Specific area of knowledge or study
- verb
- To separate away from the main part
pod
US / pɒd /
•UK / pɑ:d /
- noun
- Seed container that grows on plants
water
US / 'wɔ:tə(r) /
•UK / ˈwɔtɚ, ˈwɑtɚ /
- noun
- Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
- Large area such as an ocean or sea
- verb
- (Of the eyes) to produce tears
- (Mouth) to become wet at the thought of nice food
- To pour liquids onto a plant to keep it alive
green
US / gri:n /
•UK / ɡrin /
- adjecitve
- Color of young leaves
- Covered with vegetation, e.g. grass
- Concerned about protecting the environment
- The color of young leaves
- Lacking in experience/knowledge due to being young
- Being not fully grown or ripe, as in fruit
- noun
- Large grassy area
- used as a part of a name of a place (UK)
nutrient
US / ˈnju:triənt /
•UK / ˈnutriənt /
- noun
- A chemical living things needs to be healthy
news
US / nju:z /
•UK / nu:z /
- noun
- Broadcast on radio or TV about recent events
- Information about recent events
tasty
US / ˈteɪsti /
•UK / ˈtesti /
- adjecitve
- Good tasting; having a lot of flavor
crucial
US / 'kru:ʃl /
•UK / ˈkruʃəl /
- adjecitve
- Extremely important or necessary
dioxide
US / daɪˈɒksaɪd /
•UK / daɪˈɑksaɪd /
- noun
- An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
discover
US / dɪˈskʌvə(r) /
•UK / dɪˈskʌvɚ /
- verb
- To find something new that was not known before
room
US / ru:m /
•UK / rum, rʊm /
- noun
- All of the people inside a particular room
- Part of building enclosed by walls, e.g. kitchen
- Opportunity to exist, happen, or be true
- verb
- To share a home with someone
between
US / bɪˈtwi:n /
•UK / bɪˈtwin /
- preposition
- From one person, thing, or place, to another
- In the space that separates two objects
- Among two or more people who share something
everything
US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /
•UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /
- pronoun
- All of the things mentioned
devise
US / dɪ'vaɪz /
•UK / dɪˈvaɪz /
- verb
- To think of and plan something
herbivore
US / ˈhɜ:bɪvɔ:(r) /
•UK / ˈɜ:rbɪvɔ:(r) /
- noun
- Any animal that feeds chiefly on grass and plants
cozy
US / 'kəʊzɪ /
•UK / ˈkozi /
- adjecitve
- Comfortable, warm, pleasant, and often, small
gradually
US / ˈgrædʒuəli /
•UK / ˈɡrædʒʊəlɪ /
- adverb
- Occurring in a slow manner over a period of time
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
let
US / let /
•UK / lɛt /
- verb
- To allow someone to do something
- Introducing a suggestion to do something together
- To rent a house, etc. to others
little
US / 'lɪtl /
•UK / ˈlɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Being short in length of time
- Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
- Being very young or younger than others
- adverb
- By an amount or degree that is not very much
- Not often; rarely
- noun
- A person's name
might
US / maɪt /
•UK / maɪt /
- other
- Used to politely request an action
- Used to express that something could happen
- Power, strength, force or influence
big
US / bɪɡ /
•UK / bɪɡ /
- adjecitve
- Popular
- Serious
- Large
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
may
US / meɪ /
•UK / me /
- noun
- 5th month of the year
- other
- Used to express a desire
- Expresses permission, possibility or probability
- Used to show that a thing could be true
hitch
US / hɪtʃ /
•UK / hɪtʃ /
- noun
- Small problem that makes things more difficult
- verb
- To ask for and get (a ride in someone's car)
- To attach a trailer to a car; tow
fruit
US / fru:t /
•UK / frut /
- noun
- Result or product of something
- Food that grows on a tree or bush, usually sweet
- verb
- To grow e.g. apples, bananas, as a plant or a tree
free
US / fri: /
•UK / fri /
- adjecitve
- Living, happening without being controlled
- Costing no money
- Not working; not busy
- verb
- To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison
consist
US / kən'sɪst /
•UK / kənˈsɪst /
- verb
- To have as an essential, necessary or main part
witch
US / wɪtʃ /
•UK / wɪtʃ /
- noun
- Woman believed to have magical powers
- Mean and ugly old woman
unpack
US / ˌʌnˈpæk /
•UK / ʌnˈpæk /
- verb
- To try to understand by thinking about something
- To take things out of a suitcase
transport
US / ˈtrænspɔ:t /
•UK / ˈtrænspɔ:rt /
- noun
- Very strong uncontrollable emotion, e.g. delight
- Vehicle used to take soldiers to other places
- verb
- To carry things from one place to another
- To cause to feel you are in a previous time
exquisite
US / ɪkˈskwɪzɪt /
•UK / ˈɛkskwɪzɪt, ɪkˈskwɪzɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being very sensitive or detailed, e.g. of taste
fertilize
US / ˈfɜ:təlaɪz /
•UK / ˈfɜ:rtəlaɪz /
- verb
- To make pregnant; to put sperm in an egg
- To add chemicals to produce larger, better plants
fern
US / fɜ:n /
•UK / fɜ:rn /
- noun
- Type of plant with long, thin leaves
ecosystem
US / ˈi:kəʊsɪstəm /
•UK / ˈɛkoˌsɪstəm, ˈiko- /
- noun
- Types of plants and animals in an specific area
cuisine
US / kwɪˈzi:n /
•UK / kwɪˈzin /
- noun
- Certain style or technique of cooking
able
US / 'eɪbl /
•UK / ˈebəl /
- adjecitve
- Skilled; good at something
- Having the ability to do something
adapt
US / ə'dæpt /
•UK / əˈdæpt /
- verb
- To change something for a different function
- To change something to fit or suit a new purpose
you
US / jʊ /
•UK / ju /
- pronoun
- Person someone is speaking or writing to
- Person or people in general
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
sepal
US / ˈsepl /
•UK / ˈsipəl /
- noun
- One of the parts that form the calyx of a flower
kind
US / kaɪnd /
•UK / kaɪnd /
- adjecitve
- In a caring and helpful manner
- friendly and considerate
- noun
- One type of thing
live
US / lɪv /
•UK / liv /
- adjecitve
- Being broadcast as events happen, not recorded
- Carrying electric current; able to give a shock
- Glowing because burning; hot
- Not yet killed (for food)
- adverb
- (Music, drama) as it is performed
- verb
- To be alive
- To experience a particular type of life
- To make your home in a house or town
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
also
US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /
•UK / ˈɔlso /
- adverb
- In addition; too; in a similar way
colleague
US / 'kɒli:ɡ /
•UK / ˈkɑlˌiɡ /
- noun
- Person you work or cooperate with
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
wheat
US / wi:t /
•UK / hwit, wit /
- noun
- A kind of grain that is used to make flour
turn
US / tɜ:n /
•UK / tɚn /
- noun
- Place where changing of direction happens
- Your time or chance to perform a duty
- Your chance to play or do in say a game
- Unexpected change, as in the weather
- verb
- To become (a particular age)
- To become a different quality, color, etc.
- To change the direction of something, e.g. a car
- To move in an opposite direction or position
- To shape metal with a spinning tool
scent
US / sent /
•UK / sɛnt /
- noun
- Pleasant smell, as of flowers or perfume
- verb
- To become aware of the presence of a smell, etc.
- To add smell to something
phone
US / fəʊn /
•UK / foʊn /
- noun
- Machine used to talk to someone who is far away
- verb
- To talk to someone using a telephone
other
US / 'ʌðə(r) /
•UK / ˈʌðər /
- adjecitve
- A thing different from that mentioned
- determiner
- (Something) else; not the first (one)
- pronoun
- Being the one and only thing of that category
maximize
US / ˈmæksɪmaɪz /
•UK / ˈmæksəˌmaɪz /
- verb
- To make as large or great as possible
rock
US / rɒk /
•UK / rɑk /
- noun
- Type of popular music with a strong, loud beat
- Strong, tough person who can be relied upon
- Big stone; hard, solid substance forming mountains
- verb
- To be greatly upset by something, e.g. a death
- To be extremely effective or pleasing
- To play, sing along with, or dance to heavy music
- To move back and forth or from side to side
patreon
US / 'peɪʃənts /
•UK / 'peɪʃənts /
open
US / 'əʊpən /
•UK / ˈopən /
- adjecitve
- Available for use; accessible
- Not being hidden; available for others to see
- Being available for customers to enter or use
- Allowing everyone to use or take part in
- Not secret anymore
- Not closed or shut
- Willing to accept new ideas and thoughts
- noun
- Name for a tennis or golf competition
- verb
- To make accessible or able to be used, e.g. road
- To start the activities or services of a business
- To make a space or hole appear in something
- To move or change so that it is no longer closed
- To start something, e.g. a new business
one
US / wʌn /
•UK / wʌn /
- pronoun
- You; we; people in general; someone
- The thing or person previously referred to
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to people generally
- Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
- number
- Number 1
into
US / 'ɪntə /
•UK / ˈɪntu /
- preposition
- Moving or going inside something
- In the same direction as; in the direction of
- So as to become; taking the state of
flourish
US / 'flʌrɪʃ /
•UK / ˈflɚrɪʃ, ˈflʌr- /
- noun
- Fancy addition or decoration
- verb
- To show and direct attention by waving something
- To add a fancy addition or decoration
- To be healthy or successful
extract
US / 'ekstrækt /
•UK / ɪkˈstrækt /
- noun
- Essential ingredient of a natural thing
- Part taken from a longer written work
- verb
- To get a substance out of a plant, etc.
- To get a person to share secret information
- To remove something by pulling or cutting
valuable
US / ˈvæljuəbl /
•UK / ˈvæljuəbəl, ˈvæljə- /
- adjecitve
- Being useful or important
- Being worth a lot of money
sperm
US / spɜ:m /
•UK / spə:m /
- noun
- Cell produced by men and needed for reproduction
specific
US / spəˈsɪfɪk /
•UK / spɪˈsɪfɪk /
- adjecitve
- Precise; particular; just about that thing
- Concerning one particular thing or kind of thing
giant
US / 'dʒaɪənt /
•UK / ˈdʒaɪənt /
- adjecitve
- Very large, or much bigger than other things
- noun
- Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
- Very successful, powerful person or organization
answer
US / 'ɑ:nsə(r) /
•UK / ˈænsɚ /
- noun
- Reply to a question someone asks
- Solution to a problem or test question
- verb
- To reply to a question someone asks
- To solve a test question or a problem
broad
US / brɔ:d /
•UK / brɔd /
- adjecitve
- General; not detailed
- Wide; from the shorter two sides to the other
safely
US / ˈseɪfli /
•UK / ˈseflɪ /
- adverb
- Out of danger
refine
US / rɪ'faɪn /
•UK / rɪˈfaɪn /
- verb
- To change slightly in order to improve it
- To narrow down your search to a smaller number
- To make a liquid cleaner by removing something
nest
US / nest /
•UK / nɛst /
- noun
- Home, e.g. of twigs, made by a bird, insect etc.
- Things designed to fit together
- Place where you feel secure; home or own room
- verb
- To create or live in a nest
- To fit together, inside or around each other
ones
US / wʌnz /
•UK / wʌnz /
- number
- Number 1, a single person or thing
marie
US / mɑ:'sel /
•UK / mɑ:'sel /
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
forest
US / 'fɒrɪst /
•UK / ˈfɔrɪst, ˈfɑr- /
- noun
- Large area with many trees
efficient
US / ɪˈfɪʃnt /
•UK / ɪˈfɪʃənt /
- adjecitve
- Able to produce results without waste
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
staggering
US / ˈstægərɪŋ /
•UK / ˈstæɡərɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Causing amazement; unbelievable
- verb
- To greatly surprise someone
tree
US / tri: /
•UK / tri /
- noun
- Tall green plants in a forest
tube
US / tju:b /
•UK / tub,tjub /
- noun
- Plastic or metal container for soft substances
- Long hollow pipe used to hold or liquids or gases
quarry
US / ˈkwɒri /
•UK / ˈkwɔ:ri /
- noun
- Large pit in the earth where stone is mined
- Animal that is hunted
- verb
- To dig for minerals in an open mine
leave
US / li:v /
•UK / liv /
- noun
- Permission to do something
- Vacation time; time off work
- verb
- To go away from; depart
- To gift property to someone after you die
- To allow something to continue happening
- To let something remain unused or available
- To let something or someone remain somewhere
pollution
US / pəˈlu:ʃn /
•UK / pəˈluʃən /
- noun
- Dangerous substances released into an environment
inaccessible
US / ˌɪnækˈsesəbl /
•UK / ˌɪnækˈsɛsəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Difficult or impossible to get or get into
far
US / fɑ:(r) /
•UK / fɑr /
- adjecitve
- A long way away
- Being a long way away
- adverb
- To a large degree or extent
double
US / 'dʌbl /
•UK / ˈdʌbəl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or intended for use by two people
- Two times the amount or degree; twice
- Made of two parts that are the same, similar
- noun
- Person that is exactly like someone else
- verb
- To be used for two functions at the same time
- To make or become twice as much
call
US / kɔ:l /
•UK / kɔl /
- noun
- A order or request for action
- The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
- A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
- A short visit to a place or person
- A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
- verb
- To make a request or order for action
- (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
- To announce the date of an election
- To make a judgment about something
- To give someone or something a name
- To guess in advance the result or outcome
- To visit a place or person for a short time
- To phone someone
- To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice
think
US / θɪŋk /
•UK / θɪŋk /
- verb
- To have an idea about something without certainty
- To have an idea, opinion or belief about something
studio
US / 'stju:dɪəʊ /
•UK / ˈstudio, ˈstju- /
- noun
- Place for painting, broadcasting, etc.
particular
US / pəˈtɪkjələ(r) /
•UK / pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ, pəˈtɪk- /
- adjecitve
- One specific (one)
- Having firm ideas about what is desirable
- Being special or more than is typical
layer
US / ˈleiə /
•UK / ˈleɚ /
- noun
- One of several sheets of a material or object
- verb
- To put things one on top of another
local
US / ˈləʊkl /
•UK / ˈloʊkl /
- adjecitve
- Relating to a particular area, city, or town
- noun
- Bus or train, that stops at most stations
- People who live in the area being discussed
- The pub you most frequently go to
help
US / help /
•UK / hɛlp /
- noun
- Something given to enable a person to do something
- Assistance given to someone in need
- Someone who makes something easier or possible
- verb
- To act to enable a person to do something; assist
- To make something better or less difficult
come
US / kʌm /
•UK / kʌm /
- verb
- To arrive at a place
- (Of mail) to be delivered
- To move toward someone; go with someone
- To reach a certain point or state
cedar
US / 'si:də(r) /
•UK / ˈsidɚ /
- noun
- Tall tree that retains needle-like leaves all year
sometimes
US / ˈsʌmtaɪmz /
•UK / ˈsʌmˌtaɪmz /
- adverb
- Only at certain times; occasionally
ton
US / tʌn /
•UK / tʌn /
- noun
- Unit of weight; 907 kilograms (US); 1016 (UK)
hey
US / heɪ /
•UK / he /
- exclamation
- What you say when you want someone's attention
environment
US / ɪn'vaɪrənmənt /
•UK / ɛnˈvaɪrənmənt, -ˈvaɪən- /
- noun
- Natural world in which plants and animals live
- The entire surrounding conditions of something
complex
US / 'kɒmpleks /
•UK / kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks /
- adjecitve
- Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
- noun
- Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- Psychological issue regarding self-image
bird
US / bɜ:d /
•UK / bɜ:rd /
- noun
- Animal with feathers that uses wings to fly
another
US / əˈnʌðə(r) /
•UK / əˈnʌðɚ /
- adjecitve
- One more, but not this
- determiner
- One more added
- pronoun
- One more (thing)
soybeans
US / ˈsɔɪbiːnz /
•UK / ˈsɔɪˌbinz /
- other
- Edible seed widely used to make sauce, in cooking
typically
US / ˈtɪpɪkli /
•UK / ˈtɪpɪklɪ /
- adverb
- In a normal or usual way
rather
US / 'rɑ:ðə(r) /
•UK / ˈræðɚ, ˈrɑðɚ /
- adverb
- Somewhat; fairly; not that much
keep
US / ki:p /
•UK / kip /
- noun
- Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
- Money spent on you so you can live in a place
- verb
- To continue doing something; not to stop
- To stop balls going in a goal in sports
- To not give back or return something
- (Of food) to not spoil or not rot
- To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
- To have and continue to hold something
- To do something that you have promised or agreed
- To stay in a certain place or condition
- To maintain the rules
forever
US / fər'evə(r) /
•UK / fɔrˈɛvɚ, fə- /
- adverb
- For all future time; in the future
dominance
US / 'dɒmɪnəns /
•UK / ˈdɑmənəns /
- noun
- Having more power, success than others
until
US / ənˈtɪl /
•UK / ʌnˈtɪl /
- conjunction
- Up to; to a time when something happens
- preposition
- Before (a specific time)
seed
US / si:d /
•UK / sid /
- noun
- A person's children; offspring
- Part of a plant used to grow more on them
- Source of a feeling or thought
- Top-ranked person in a competition, e.g. in tennis
- verb
- (Of plants) to produce seeds for the future
- To produce seeds, as a plant
- To remove the center part from a fruit or vegetable
- To be the source of a feeling or thought
- To plant seeds in the ground
pollen
US / ˈpɒlən /
•UK / ˈpɑ:lən /
- noun
- Fine, usually yellow powder produced by plants
major
US / 'meɪdʒə(r) /
•UK / ˈmedʒɚ /
- adjecitve
- Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
- Important, serious, or large in scope, size
- noun
- High-ranking officer in the army
- Main subject you study at university
- verb
- To study a particular subject at university
lot
US / lɒt /
•UK / lɑt /
- noun
- What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- A group of people seen together
- Item for sale at an auction
- Small area of land used for a purpose e.g. parking
harsh
US / hɑ:ʃ /
•UK / hɑrʃ /
- adjecitve
- Rough; tough; hard to experience or accept
- Being severe and unkind
hopefully
US / ˈhəʊpfəli /
•UK / ˈhopfəli /
- adverb
- In a manner wishing something to happen
hope
US / həʊp /
•UK / hop /
- noun
- When you wish something will happen; what you wish
- verb
- To expect and want something to happen
base
US / beɪs /
•UK / bes /
- noun
- Place military personnel live, train, and operate
- Bottom part of an object that touches a surface
- Unit of counting, e.g. 10 for counting
- Most important idea or ingredient to add others
- Origin or start from which something came
- Main place where an organization or a person works
- verb
- To use as the starting point or origin for
- To have as the main location for (company, etc.)
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
throughout
US / θru:ˈaʊt /
•UK / θruˈaʊt /
- adverb
- From the beginning of something until the end
- preposition
- Over/across an entire place/thing; in every part
reproduction
US / ˌri:prəˈdʌkʃn /
•UK / ˌriprəˈdʌkʃən /
- noun
- Act or process of producing a copy of something
- The process of making children
early
US / ˈɜ:li /
•UK / ˈɜ:rli /
- adjecitve
- Happening or appearing before
- adverb
- Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
- Happening sooner than expected
most
US / məʊst /
•UK / most /
- adverb
- Very; extremely
- Greatest possible degree
- pronoun
- Nearly all of something
hazel
US / 'heɪzl /
•UK / ˈhezəl /
- noun
- Color between light brown, green, and gray
- Type of small tree or bush which can produce nuts
- Person's name
ephedrine
US / ˈefɪˌdriːn /
•UK / ˈefədrin /
- noun
- White odorless powdered or crystalline alkaloid from plants of the genus Ephedra (especially Ephedra
diverse
US / daɪˈvɜ:s /
•UK / dɪˈvɚs, daɪ-, ˈdaɪˌvɚs /
- adjecitve
- Being varied or different from each other
- Very different from each other
over
US / 'əʊvə(r) /
•UK / ˈovɚ /
- adverb
- Finished; no longer happening
- Towards the ground/away from a standing position
- noun
- A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
- other
- Finished
- preposition
- Showing the relation when a thing is above another
- On or covering something
- Above or across something
- More than you need
- From one side to the other
- In the direction of; toward
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
maple
US / ˈmeɪpl /
•UK / ˈmepəl /
- noun
- Any of various trees, some producing syrup
hot
US / hɒt /
•UK / hɑ:t /
- adjecitve
- Angry or excited
- Being very good at something
- Having a high temperature
- Popular and causing a great deal of excitement
- Attractive in a sexually exciting way
- (Of food) very spicy
- Stolen; dangerous to buy or trade in
digestive
US / daɪˈdʒestɪv /
•UK / daɪˈdʒɛstɪv, dɪ- /
- adjecitve
- Concerning processes of converting food to energy
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
entirely
US / ɪnˈtaɪəli /
•UK / ɪnˈtaɪərli /
- adverb
- Wholly; completely
two
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- number
- 2
trigger
US / 'trɪɡə(r) /
•UK / ˈtrɪɡɚ /
- noun
- Lever on a gun that you pull to fire
- Device that starts a process
- verb
- To start a process off e.g. a memory
release
US / rɪ'li:s /
•UK / rɪ'li:s /
- noun
- Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
- Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
- Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
- Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
- verb
- To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
- To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
- To let go of something you are holding
put
US / pʊt /
•UK / pʊt /
- phrasal verb
- to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
- verb
- To move or place a thing in a particular position
- To rate something in importance or value
- To write or say something in a certain manner
only
US / ˈəunli /
•UK / ˈonli /
- adverb
- Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
- Not very important or serious
- Just that type of thing, person
- Short time ago; not before a certain time
- conjunction
- Except; but
join
US / dʒɔɪn /
•UK / dʒɔɪn /
- verb
- To bring something close to another, to become one
- To become a member of
- To participate in an activity with others
completely
US / kəmˈpli:tli /
•UK / kəmˈpliːtli /
- adverb
- In every way or as much as possible
clean
US / kli:n /
•UK / klin /
- adjecitve
- Not marked in any way; blank
- Done according to the rules or standards; fair
- Free from disease or sickness
- Being free from dirt or marks; washed
- Behaving well; not breaking any rules; legal
- adverb
- Completely; entirely
- verb
- To make free from dirt or marks; washed
- To make neat and orderly e.g. a room
- To remove the inner parts of an animal
want
US / wɔnt /
•UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /
- noun
- Something you desire or wish for
- State or condition of poverty
- verb
- To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing
yet
US / jet /
•UK / jɛt /
- adverb
- At a later time (used after ‘not’)
- (Used to emphasize that thing is, will be greater)
- Eventually; at a future time
- Until now; up to the present
- conjunction
- Adding to what has been said, often as a contrast
sweep
US / swi:p /
•UK / swip /
- noun
- Man who cleans chimneys
- Act of cleaning a surface with a brush
- Long, smooth movement made with your arm or a tool
- Movement or search that covers a large area
- verb
- To clean something from a surface with a brush
- To move or pass quickly and steadily
- To search a very wide area for something
outermost
US / ˈaʊtəməʊst /
•UK / ˈaʊtərmoʊst /
- adjecitve
- Situated the farthest possible point from a center
grass
US / grɑ:s /
•UK / græs /
- noun
- Slang name for marijuana
- Plants with narrow green leaves, grown on lawns
- verb
- To betray someone
- To cover an area of ground to make a lawn or field
acorn
US / ˈeɪkɔ:n /
•UK / ˈeɪkɔ:rn /
- noun
- The small round nut of an oak tree
wide
US / waɪd /
•UK / waɪd /
- adjecitve
- Having a great distance from one side to the other
- adverb
- Fully; completely
whether
US / ˈweðə(r) /
•UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /
- conjunction
- If something will happen or not
visualize
US / ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz /
•UK / ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz /
- verb
- To create a picture in your mind of something
scale
US / skeɪl /
•UK / skel /
- noun
- Size, level, or amount when compared
- Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
- Device that is used to weigh a person or thing
- Range of numbers from the lowest to the highest
- Dimensions or size of something
- verb
- To change the size of but keep the proportions
- To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
- To remove the scales of a fish
sense
US / sens /
•UK / sɛns /
- noun
- Certain mental feeling or emotion
- Normal or clear state of mind
- Meaning of a particular word, phrase or text
- verb
- To perceive using sight, sound, taste touch etc.
- To recognize the presence of something
pattern
US / 'pætn /
•UK / ˈpætən /
- noun
- Model to follow in making or doing something
- Colors or shapes which are repeated on objects
- Regular repeated behavior
- verb
- To copy the way something else is made
harness
US / 'hɑ:nɪs /
•UK / ˈhɑrnɪs /
- noun
- Equipment used by horses to pull things
- verb
- To capture the power of something
freeze
US / fri:z /
•UK / friz /
- noun
- Sudden stop to prevent increase or decreases
- Period of very cold weather under zero degrees
- verb
- To harden to a solid below zero degrees
- To store an item of food in a cold place
- To make someone to not want to communicate
- To stop moving and be still; stay the same
concentric
US / kənˈsentrɪk /
•UK / kənˈsɛntrɪk /
- adjecitve
- Having a common center, e.g. some circles
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
advantage
US / əd'vɑ:ntɪdʒ /
•UK / ædˈvæntɪdʒ /
- noun
- Thing making the chance of success higher
- A positive point about something
whole
US / həul /
•UK / hol /
- adjecitve
- Complete or full; all of
- Being in a good condition
- noun
- Complete amount or sum; total
survive
US / sə'vaɪv /
•UK / sɚˈvaɪv /
- verb
- To continue to live despite illness or trouble
squirrel
US / 'skwɪrəl /
•UK / ˈskwɚrəl, ˈskwʌr- /
- noun
- Small furry tree-living animal with a big tail
size
US / saɪz /
•UK / saɪz /
- noun
- How big or small a thing is
- Standard measurements for clothing, shoes
- verb
- To make something to fit a particular measurement
- To organize or group from small to large
our
US / 'aʊə(r) /
•UK / aʊr /
- determiner
- Belonging to us
osiris
US / əuˈsaiəris /
•UK / oˈsaɪrɪs /
- other
- Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead; husband and brother of Isis; father of Horus
reproduce
US / ˌri:prə'dju:s /
•UK / ˌriprəˈdus, -ˈdjus /
- verb
- To make a copy of something
- To have children/young; grow roots/new plants
powerful
US / ˈpauəful /
•UK / ˈpaʊəfəl /
- adjecitve
- Having control or influence over
- Having a lot of physical force, energy, strength
not
US / nɒt /
•UK / nɑt /
- adverb
- Word indicating the negative
- (Used to form the negative of verbs)
development
US / dɪ'veləpmənt /
•UK / dɪˈvɛləpmənt /
- noun
- Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
- A new event related to a previous event
belong
US / bɪ'lɒŋ /
•UK / bɪˈlɔŋ /
- verb
- To be a welcomed as a new member of a group
- To own something
- To be in the right place or situation
arrange
US / əˈreɪndʒ /
•UK / əˈrendʒ /
- verb
- To write music for a particular instrument
- To organize things or people in a particular way
- To plan (an event) at a time and place
- To organize events so they happen
would
US / wʊd /
•UK / wʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate something imagined
- Used to ask or request something politely
- Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
- Used to indicate a preference
- Used to indicate a reaction
- Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
- Used to indicate willingness or ability to do
understand
US / ˌʌndə'stænd /
•UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /
- verb
- To know the meaning of language, what someone says
really
US / ˈri:əli /
•UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /
- adverb
- Used to stress something that is said; definitely
- In a true or accurate manner
- Very
pollination
US / ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn /
•UK / ˈpɑləneʃən /
- noun
- Putting pollen on a plant so it makes seeds
habit
US / 'hæbɪt /
•UK / ˈhæbɪt /
- noun
- Loose clothing like a cloak, worn by monks, nuns
- Usual way of behaving; something often repeated
compare
US / kəm'peə(r) /
•UK / kəmˈpɛr /
- verb
- To consider how similar and different things are
brilliant
US / 'brɪlɪənt /
•UK / ˈbrɪljənt /
- adjecitve
- Having a great amount of intelligence or talent
- Being very bright, like a diamond; shining
bury
US / 'berɪ /
•UK / ˈbɛri /
- verb
- To put something into the ground and cover it
structure
US / ˈstrʌk.tʃə /
•UK / ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ /
- noun
- The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in
- verb
- To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
organ
US / 'ɔ:ɡən /
•UK / ˈɔrɡən /
- noun
- Part of a person's body with a particular function
- Large institution or body
- Large wind instrument similar to a piano
ripen
US / 'raɪpən /
•UK / ˈraɪpən /
- verb
- To make or become ripe and ready to eat, as fruit
planet
US / 'plænɪt /
•UK / ˈplænɪt /
- noun
- One of the bodies that orbit the sun
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
zip
US / zɪp /
•UK / zɪp /
- noun
- Energy; vigor; determination
- Way to say 'nothing' or 'zero'
- Device with interlocking teeth to close pants, etc.
- verb
- To compress digital documents into one file
- To move very quickly in a certain direction
- To close using a zipper
nearly
US / ˈniəli /
•UK / ˈnɪrli /
- adverb
- Not completely; almost
oak
US / əʊk /
•UK / oʊk /
- adjecitve
- Made from a special hard durable wood
- noun
- Hard, tough wood taken from an oak tree
enter
US / 'entə(r) /
•UK / ˈɛntɚ /
- verb
- To start a career or an education
- To become a competitor in a contest
- To add or type information in a computer
- To go into a room, building etc.
category
US / ˈkætəgəri /
•UK / ˈkætɪˌɡɔri, -ˌɡori /
- noun
- Groups of things that are similar in some way
brother
US / ˈbrʌðə(r) /
•UK / ˈbrʌðɚ /
- noun
- A boy or man who shares a parent with you
angiosperm
US / ˌændʒɪəˌspɜ:m /
•UK / ˌændʒɪrˌspɜ:m /
- noun
- Plants having seeds in a closed ovary
unicorn
US / ˈju:nɪkɔ:n /
•UK / ˈjunɪˌkɔrn /
- noun
- Horselike mythical animal with a horn on forehead
transform
US / træns'fɔ:m /
•UK / trænsˈfɔrm /
- verb
- To change the shape completely in a good way
pine
US / paɪn /
•UK / paɪn /
- noun
- Tall pointed evergreen tree with needlelike leaves
- verb
- To feel sad because you miss someone
tiny
US / 'taɪnɪ /
•UK / ˈtaɪni /
- adjecitve
- Very, very small
same
US / seɪm /
•UK / sem /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in quality and amount
- Identical; not different
- Not changing; constant
pollinators
US / ˈpɒlɪneɪtəz /
•UK / ˈpɑləˌneɪtərz /
- other
- Insect moving pollen from one plant to another
opportunity
US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /
•UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /
- noun
- Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
fossil
US / 'fɒsl /
•UK / ˈfɑsəl /
- noun
- Plant or animal that became rock after many years
flower
US / ˈflaʊə(r) /
•UK / ˈflaʊɚ /
- noun
- Plant with a pretty head, e.g. a rose
- verb
- (Of flowers) to emerge into full shape; to bloom
- To develop successfully or fully
become
US / bɪ'kʌm /
•UK / bɪˈkʌm /
- verb
- To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
- To be suitable for a particular job or role
coincide
US / ˌkəʊɪn'saɪd /
•UK / ˌkoɪnˈsaɪd /
- verb
- To occur by chance and without planning
- To happen together at the same time
coat
US / kəʊt /
•UK / koʊt /
- noun
- Clothing worn outside over your normal clothes
- verb
- To cover something thinly with something
address
US / ə'dres /
•UK / əˈdrɛs /
- noun
- Exact street location of a place
- A formal speech to a group of people
- verb
- To write the place someone lives on a letter
- To refer to someone or something formally
- To make a formal speech to a group of people
- To try to find a solution to; think about
single
US / 'sɪŋɡl /
•UK / ˈsɪŋɡəl /
- adjecitve
- Being one only, without others
- Only; merely
- Not married or in a relationship
- noun
- One run in cricket or a hit baseball
- An individual song from a CD or album
- Person who is not married or in a relationship
ovary
US / ˈəʊvəri /
•UK / ˈoʊvəri /
- noun
- Egg-producing organ of female humans and animals
life
US / laɪf /
•UK / laɪf /
- noun
- All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
- Period of time things live, from birth to death
pistil
US / ˈpɪstɪl /
•UK / ˈpɪstəl /
- noun
- Female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
bat
US / bæt /
•UK / bæt /
- noun
- Small flying mouse-like animal with wings
- Object used for hitting a ball in various games
- verb
- To use a wooden stick in baseball or cricket
tell
US / tel /
•UK / tɛl /
- verb
- To (strongly) advise a person to do something
- To be able to guess
- To say or communicate information to someone
- To inform, but without speaking; indicate
- To have a negative effect on someone
- To order someone to do something; command
- To recognize something based on certain signs
- To report something to an authority
- To explain something or teach someone something
specie
US / 'spi:ʃi: /
•UK / 'spi:ʃɪ /
- noun
- Singular of species
tissue
US / ˈtɪʃu: /
•UK / ˈtɪʃu /
- noun
- Substance formed by cells of living thing; flesh
- Kind of thin, light paper used to pack objects
- Thin soft paper for blowing the nose, etc.
number
US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /
•UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /
- noun
- Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
- Particular song or dance performed during a show
- Total quantity or amount of things
- verb
- To put numbers on things
- To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
- To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set
danish
US / ˈdeiniʃ /
•UK / ˈdenɪʃ /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of Denmark
virtually
US / ˈvɜ:tʃuəli /
•UK / ˈvɚtʃuəli /
- adverb
- In an almost complete or entire manner
second
US / 'sekənd /
•UK / ˈsɛkənd /
- adjecitve
- 2nd; the one following first
- noun
- Unit of time; one sixtieth of a minute
- Short period of time that you wait for someone
- (Do) soon
- verb
- To agree to support a proposal at a meeting
get
US / ɡet /
•UK / ɡɛt /
- verb
- To become affected by illness or disease
- To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
- To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
- To go somewhere to obtain something
- To (cause to) do a particular thing
- To obtain, receive or be given something
- To currently have
- To prepare for use
- To understand something being said or read
then
US / ðen /
•UK / ðɛn /
- adverb
- A time that is not now
- Following another thing in time or arrangement
- Following on reasonably from what was just stated
- At that time, not now
slowly
US / ˈsləʊli /
•UK / ˈsloʊli /
- adverb
- In an unhurried or not speedy manner
orchid
US / ˈɔ:kɪd /
•UK / ˈɔ:rkɪd /
- noun
- Color that is light purple
- Showy plant, often with unusually shaped flowers
preserve
US / prɪˈzɜ:v /
•UK / prɪˈzɜ:rv /
- noun
- Protected area of land with plants and animals
- verb
- To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
- To protect something from harm, loss or damage
- To keep or maintain unchanged or perfect
include
US / ɪnˈklu:d /
•UK / ɪnˈklud /
- verb
- To make someone, something part of a group
family
US / 'fæməlɪ /
•UK / ˈfæmli /
- noun
- Close group of people or organizations
- A group of people who are related through blood
- Group of related plants or animals
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
fire
US / 'faɪə(r) /
•UK / faɪr /
- noun
- Heat and the flame produced when burning
- Intense energy for or about something
- verb
- To apply heat to something to make it hard
- To make a person leave their job; dismiss
- To shoot a gun or weapon
- To launch something into the sky, e.g. a rocket
- To start working on something e.g. a project
egg
US / eg /
•UK / ɛɡ /
- noun
- Hard-shelled thing from which a young bird is born
comment
US / 'kɒment /
•UK / ˈkɑmɛnt /
- noun
- Something you say, giving an opinion; remark
- verb
- To say something that gives your opinion
abundant
US / əˈbʌndənt /
•UK / əˈbʌndənt /
- adjecitve
- Being in very great supply; plentiful
sprout
US / spraʊt /
•UK / spraʊt /
- noun
- New part of a plant that has just begun to grow
- verb
- To grow, produce, or develop e.g. ideas
- (Of plants) to start to grow or produce leaves
watch
US / wɒtʃ /
•UK / wɑtʃ /
- noun
- Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
- Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
- Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
- verb
- To keep in check, manage, or control something
- To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
- To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
- To look at carefully to work out what is happening
- To protect and care for someone or something
type
US / taɪp /
•UK / taɪp /
- noun
- Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
- Group of things or people sharing common features
- verb
- To identify something belonging to a group
- To write by touching keys on a keyboard
tend
US / tend /
•UK / tɛnd /
- verb
- To move or act in a certain manner
- To take care of
- To regularly behave in a certain way
mean
US / mi:n /
•UK / min /
- adjecitve
- Being good at
- Nasty; unkind
- Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
- noun
- Average of a set of numbers
- verb
- To express a particular idea or thought
- To intend to do something in particular
- To have a particular meaning or value
great
US / ɡreɪt /
•UK / ɡret /
- adjecitve
- Very large in size
- Very important
- Very good; fantastic; wonderful
- adverb
- Very good; better than before
- noun
- Successful and well-admired person
harden
US / 'hɑ:dn /
•UK / 'hɑ:rdn /
- verb
- To make or become hard or firm
expand
US / ɪk'spænd /
•UK / ɪkˈspænd /
- verb
- To make something larger in size, number, amount
find
US / faɪnd /
•UK / faɪnd /
- noun
- Object discovered by chance
- Things that have been discovered from searching
- verb
- To become aware of something that is happening
- To discover or meet by chance
- To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
- To learn through study, research, or effort
- To discover something by looking for it
attract
US / ə'trækt /
•UK / əˈtrækt /
- verb
- To make something move closer using magnetic force
- To make someone notice and become interested in
apple
US / ˈæpl /
•UK / ˈæpəl /
- noun
- Hard round red or green fruit with a white center
stoma
US / ˈstəʊmə /
•UK / ˈstoʊmə /
- noun
- Minute epidermal pore in a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor can pass
botany
US / ˈbɒtəni /
•UK / ˈbɑ:təni /
- noun
- The science studies plant life
effective
US / ɪˈfektɪv /
•UK / ɪˈfɛktɪv /
- adjecitve
- Working efficiently to produce a desired result
fir
US / fɜ:(r) /
•UK / fə: /
- noun
- Type of evergreen tree
plant
US / plɑ:nt /
•UK / plænt /
- noun
- Factory or a place where things are made
- Living thing with leaves and roots growing in soil
- verb
- To firmly position something (in the ground)
- To put seeds, flowers, trees in the ground
level
US / 'levl /
•UK / ˈlɛvəl /
- adjecitve
- (Sports) equal to another
- Being steady and determined (e.g. a voice)
- noun
- Specific height of something
- Amount of ability you have compared to others
- Floor or deck within a building
- Tool used to determine if something is lying flat
- verb
- To aim a gun at someone
- To destroy a building; flatten an area completely
- To make things flat or even
- To make a score equal to another, in sports
tweak
US / twi:k /
•UK / twik /
- noun
- A small change or adjustment
- verb
- To make a small change or adjustment
carrot
US / ˈkærət /
•UK / ˈkærət /
- noun
- Reward offered to make someone do something
- Long hard orange vegetable that grows underground
botanical
US / bəˈtænɪkl /
•UK / bəˈtænɪkəl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning plants or botany
dependent
US / dɪˈpendənt /
•UK / dɪˈpɛndənt /
- adjecitve
- Someone who relies on (financial) support
face
US / feɪs /
•UK / fes /
- noun
- Side or outer surface of something
- An expression using mouth, nose, eyes etc.
- Front part of the head where eyes, mouth etc. are
- Characteristics you show in public
- verb
- To cover a surface with something like paint
- To deal with a problem or responsibilities
- To look toward; point in a certain direction
generation
US / ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn /
•UK / ˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən /
- noun
- Act or process of producing or causing something
- People born and living at about the same time
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
though
US / ðəu /
•UK / ðo /
- adverb
- Although, despite the fact that
foxtail
US / 'fɒksteɪl /
•UK / 'fɒksˌteɪl /
- noun
- Grass with dense, brush-like flowering spikes
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
indonesian
US / ˌɪndəˈni:ʒən, -ʃən /
•UK / ˌɪndəˈniʒən, -ʃən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of Indonesia
- noun
- Person from Indonesia
peony
US / ˈpiːəni /
•UK / ˈpiːəni /
- noun
- Plant with large showy red, pink or white flowers
through
US / θru: /
•UK / θru /
- adjecitve
- having finished using or doing something
- adverb
- From the beginning of something until the end
- preposition
- Over, in, across an entire thing or place
- Allowing you to pass between, or to
- By a particular way or process; by the use of
why
US / waɪ /
•UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /
- adverb
- Question word to ask for a reason
- exclamation
- (Used to express surprise or approval)
wind
US / wɪnd /
•UK / wɪnd /
- adjecitve
- (Musical instruments) that you blow into to play
- noun
- A current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt
- Something that has influence
- verb
- If a road, path, or river winds, it follows a route that turns repeatedly in different directions
- To turn or cause something to turn
- To twist around something
animal
US / ˈænɪml /
•UK / ˈænəməl /
- noun
- A living creature that is not a plant or person
cycle
US / ˈsaɪkl /
•UK / ˈsaɪkəl /
- noun
- Series of regular and repeated actions
- Bicycle, bike
- verb
- To go through a series of events repeatedly
- To ride on a bicycle
foundational
US / faʊn'deɪʃənəl /
•UK / faʊn'deɪʃənəl /
- adjecitve
- Being the base or important starting point
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
precede
US / prɪ'si:d /
•UK / prɪˈsid /
- verb
- To happen or come before something
- To go somewhere before a person/thing
bubble
US / ˈbʌbl /
•UK / ˈbʌbəl /
- noun
- A small ball of air inside of a liquid
- verb
- (Of a liquid) to produce bubbles, as when boiling
- To show intense emotion, e.g. excitement, anger
combination
US / ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn /
•UK / ˌkɑmbəˈneʃən /
- noun
- Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
- Act or result of mixing things together
efficiently
US / ɪ'fɪʃntlɪ /
•UK / ɪˈfɪʃəntlɪ /
- adverb
- In a way that does not create waste
few
US / fju: /
•UK / fju /
- pronoun
- Not many, a small number
evolve
US / ɪ'vɒlv /
•UK / ɪˈvɑlv /
- verb
- To develop certain features
- To develop or change slowly over time
- To slowly change or develop into something better
explode
US / ɪk'spləʊd /
•UK / ɪkˈsplod /
- verb
- To express an emotion in a sudden and loud way
- To increase in number or amount very quickly
- To burst or cause to burst into pieces
much
US / mʌtʃ /
•UK / mʌtʃ /
- adjecitve
- Very; to a high level or degree
- adverb
- A lot; large amount; a high degree of
- Nearly; basically
- On many occasions; often
- noun
- A large amount; a great quantity
earth
US / ɜ:θ /
•UK / ɚθ /
- noun
- Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
- The planet we live on
- Soil in which we grow plants
system
US / 'sɪstəm /
•UK / ˈsɪstəm /
- adjecitve
- Working in an organized, logical way
- noun
- Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
mountaintop
US / ˈmaʊntəntɒp /
•UK / ˈmaʊntntɑ:p /
- noun
- The top of a mountain; summit
largely
US / ˈlɑ:dʒli /
•UK / ˈlɑ:rdʒli /
- adverb
- In large part; mainly or chiefly
seedless
US / ˈsi:dləs /
•UK / ˈsidlɪs /
- adjecitve
- (Of a fruit) lacking seeds
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
very
US / 'verɪ /
•UK / ˈvɛri /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a large degree or amount
- adverb
- A lot; much; many
- Used to stress or emphasize a noun
absorb
US / əb'sɔ:b /
•UK / əbˈsɔrb, -ˈzɔrb /
- verb
- To take up all attention / energy of something
- To take in a liquid; soak up
both
US / bəuθ /
•UK / boθ /
- determiner
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
- pronoun
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
change
US / tʃeɪndʒ /
•UK / tʃendʒ /
- noun
- Exchange of one set of clothes for another
- Money in the form of coins instead of paper
- Money returned after giving too much
- Act of making or becoming something else
- verb
- To exchange one set of clothes for another
- To exchange one kind of money for another
- To replace something with another thing
- To make or become something else
- To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another
pore
US / pɔ:(r) /
•UK / pɔr, por /
- noun
- Small hole on skin, etc. allowing liquid to pass
travel
US / ˈtrævl /
•UK / ˈtrævəl /
- noun
- Going to other places, esp. distant places
- verb
- To go to a place that is far away
ago
US / əˈgəʊ /
•UK / əˈgoʊ /
- adverb
- At a specified length of time in the past
conifer
US / ˈkɒnɪfə(r) /
•UK / ˈkɑ:nɪfə(r) /
- noun
- Evergreen tree with cones and needlelike leaves
envelope
US / ˈenvələʊp /
•UK / ˈenvəloʊp /
- noun
- Paper cover you put around a letter to mail it
huge
US / hju:dʒ /
•UK / hjudʒ /
- adjecitve
- Very very large
move
US / mu:v /
•UK / muv /
- noun
- Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
- An action; doing something
- Step taken to achieve a goal
- verb
- To cause someone to have certain emotions
- To cause something to change to a different place
- To change where people live or a business operates
- To take action to do or achieve something
nurture
US / ˈnɜ:tʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈnɜ:rtʃə(r) /
- noun
- Care and support given to people as they develop
- other
- To help something or someone to grow or succeed
- verb
- To help something or someone to grow or succeed
yes
US / jes /
•UK / jɛs /
- adverb
- Way to say you agree or will do something
their
US / ðɛː /
•UK / ðer /
- determiner
- Belonging to them
way
US / weɪ /
•UK / we /
- adverb
- Used to emphasize the amount of something
- noun
- Particular aspect of something being thought about
- One of various choices that could be made
- Particular existing condition or state
- (Often long) distance or length of time
- How something is done
- Route to go to a place
- Small street
- Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone
bit
US / bɪt /
•UK / bɪt /
- noun
- Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- Small piece of something
- verb
- (E.g. of fish) to take bait and be caught
jewelweed
US / 'dʒu:əlwi:d /
•UK / 'dʒu:əlˌwi:d /
- verb
- North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid
human
US / 'hju:mən /
•UK / ˈhjumən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or characteristic of people
- noun
- A person; a man, woman or child
look
US / lʊk /
•UK / lʊk /
- noun
- Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
- Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
- The way someone, something appears to be
- Act of searching for or examining something
- verb
- To appear to be; seem
nature
US / 'neɪtʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈnetʃɚ /
- noun
- Person's character or particular way of behaving
- Basic look, feel or function of something
- Physical world, including plants, animals, rocks
innovation
US / ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn /
•UK / ˌɪnəˈveʃən /
- noun
- Process of creating new ideas or inventions
swimming
US / ˈswɪmɪŋ /
•UK / ˈswɪmɪŋ /
- noun
- The act of moving through water
- verb
- To move through water by moving parts of the body
thank
US / θæŋk /
•UK / θæŋk /
- verb
- To tell someone you are grateful to them
build
US / bɪld /
•UK / bɪld /
- noun
- Your physical shape; physique
- verb
- To establish e.g. a reputation, over time
- To construct a house, office, factory
arctic
US / 'ɑ:ktɪk /
•UK / ˈɑrktɪk, ˈɑrtɪk /
- adjecitve
- The regions to the north of the Arctic Circle centered on the North Pole
- Region 66.3 degrees latitude north of the equator
feature
US / 'fi:tʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈfitʃɚ /
- adjecitve
- Main; important
- noun
- Special report in a magazine or paper
- Distinctive or important point of something
- verb
- To highlight or give special importance to
old
US / əʊld /
•UK / old /
- adjecitve
- Having existed for a long time, not young or new
- Age of a person since birth
petal
US / ˈpetl /
•UK / ˈpɛtl /
- noun
- Delicate colored part of a flower
work
US / wɜ:k /
•UK / wɚk /
- adjecitve
- Activity completed in order to make money
- noun
- The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- Everything created by an author, artist, musician
- Activity you do in order to make money
- Place of employment
- Final product or result of a some labor or effort
- verb
- To bring into a specific state of success
- To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
- To do your job in your company or workplace
- To make an effort to do something
- To operate a machine or device
all
US / ɔ:l /
•UK / ɔl /
- adverb
- Completely; totally
- determiner
- Being every one of something
- pronoun
- 100% of something; the complete amount
common
US / 'kɒmən /
•UK / ˈkɑmən /
- adjecitve
- Shared; Belonging to or used by everyone
- Typical, normal; not unusual
- noun
- Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
- Field near a village owned by the local community
everyone
US / ˈevriwʌn /
•UK / ˈɛvriˌwʌn /
- pronoun
- Every person; everybody
drop
US / drɒp /
•UK / drɑp /
- noun
- Distance between a higher and a lower level
- Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
- A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
- Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
- verb
- To drive someone to a place and then drive away
- To let something fall from your hand
- To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
- To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
- To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality
fast
US / fɑ:st /
•UK / fæst /
- adjecitve
- In a way that is difficult to move or change
- Moving or able to move quickly
- Showing time that is later than the actual time
- adverb
- With a great deal of speed
- noun
- Period of time when a person chooses not to eat
- verb
- To refuse food for a long time
its
US / ɪts /
•UK / ɪts /
- adjecitve
- Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
- determiner
- Of something; belonging or related to something
- other
- Possessive form of “it”
produce
US / prə'dju:s /
•UK / prəˈdus, -ˈdjus, pro- /
- noun
- Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- verb
- To grow something naturally
- To make something appear
- To manufacture something using machines
- To control the making a movie or television show
top
US / tɒp /
•UK / tɑp /
- adjecitve
- Being good or great; excellent
- Being the most in degree or quality
- noun
- Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
- A cover or lid
- Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
- Highest or upper part or point of something
- Best or highest status or position
- Flat upper surface or edge of an object
- Child's toy that spins on its point
- Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
- Winning in a sport or contest
- verb
- To be higher or larger than a specific value
- To arrive at the highest point of something
- To put a cover or layer or over something
- To kill; murder
- To hold the highest position on a list
- To be more important, successful or better than
- To beat someone or win at a game
photosynthesis
US / ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθəsɪs /
•UK / ˌfotoˈsɪnθɪsɪs /
- noun
- Process of plants using the sun to make their food
main
US / meɪn /
•UK / men /
- adjecitve
- Most important; most often used
pretty
US / 'prɪtɪ /
•UK / ˈprɪti /
- adjecitve
- Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- adverb
- Very; to a great degree
possible
US / ˈpɒsəbl /
•UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
- Having a chance of happening, or being true
sweden
US / 'swi:dn /
•UK / 'swi:dn /
- proper noun
- A country that occupies the eastern part of the Scandinavian peninsula; population 9,800,000 (estima
accurately
US / 'ækjərətlɪ /
•UK / 'ækjərətlɪ /
- adverb
- Exactly and without any mistakes; correctly
end
US / end /
•UK / ɛnd /
- noun
- The point where a process or activity stops
- A point that marks the limit of something; finish
- Goal or desired result
- The tip, edge or limit of something
- verb
- To be the last part of something
exist
US / ɪɡ'zɪst /
•UK / ɪɡˈzɪst /
- verb
- To be present, alive or real
explore
US / ɪk'splɔ:(r) /
•UK / ɪkˈsplɔr /
- verb
- To examine something in detail to learn about it
- To travel to a place to discover more about it
explosive
US / ɪkˈspləʊsɪv /
•UK / ɪkˈsplosɪv /
- adjecitve
- Tending to show strong emotion suddenly
- Occurring very quickly and suddenly
- Able to release a lot of energy fast, like a bomb
- noun
- Material which can explode (e.g. a bomb)
ratio
US / ˈreɪʃiəʊ /
•UK / ˈreɪʃioʊ /
- noun
- The relationship in relative size, etc.
scene
US / si:n /
•UK / sin /
- noun
- Incident where someone behaves angrily, badly
- View that looks like a picture
- Place where something particular happened
- Part of an act in a play
blow
US / bləʊ /
•UK / blo /
- noun
- Something that causes you difficulty or sadness
- Act of making air come out of your mouth
- A hit or strike from an object
- verb
- To move something using air
- To make air come quickly out of your mouth
- To clear something by forcing air through it
bear
US / bɛː /
•UK / bɛr /
- noun
- Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
- Someone who expects stock market to fall
- verb
- To accept (responsibilities or duties)
- To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
- To accept or suffer the weight of difficulties
- To keep moving left or right while going forward
- To show (sign of something)
- To support the weight of something, e.g. a bridge
charcoal
US / ˈtʃɑ:kəʊl /
•UK / ˈtʃɑ:rkoʊl /
- noun
- Burnt wood used for fuel/drawing
film
US / fɪlm /
•UK / fɪlm /
- noun
- Thin layer that covers something
- Movie
- verb
- To record moving action with a camera
desert
US / 'dezət /
•UK / ˈdɛzət /
- noun
- Bare area of land, often with few plants and water
- verb
- To leave a place for ever; abandon
- To leave when one is needed or expected to stay
location
US / ləʊˈkeɪʃn /
•UK / loʊˈkeɪʃn /
- noun
- Particular position or area of place, event, etc.
next
US / nekst /
•UK / nɛkst /
- adverb
- The one that follows another in time or order
- At a time or place directly after the present one
- noun
- The one that follows after
- adjecitve
- Immediately after the previous one
- First occurrence after the present one
scientist
US / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
•UK / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
- noun
- Person who is trained in a science
could
US / kəd /
•UK / kʊd /
- other
- Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
- Used to ask for something politely, or to offer
competition
US / ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn /
•UK / ˌkɑmpɪˈtɪʃən /
- noun
- Fighting against others to win something
complete
US / kəm'pli:t /
•UK / kəmˈplit /
- adjecitve
- Being finished; done; achieved
- Being as perfect and as total as could be
- verb
- To finish or reach the end of doing something
moment
US / 'məʊmənt /
•UK / 'moʊmənt /
- noun
- Very short or brief period of time
- A particular period in time
know
US / nəʊ /
•UK / noʊ /
- verb
- To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- To feel sure or be convinced about something
- To discover or be aware of something
- To be able to distinguish
- To have knowledge of things
often
US / ˈɔfən /
•UK / ˈɔfən,ˈɑfən,ˈɔftən,ˈɑf- /
- adverb
- Many times; frequently; on many occasions
repeat
US / rɪˈpi:t /
•UK / rɪˈpit /
- noun
- Action that is done again
- Musical passage that is to be played again
- Radio or television program that was shown before
- verb
- To do something over again
- To say something you have learned and memorized
- To relate something you have been told by another
- To say something again
mature
US / məˈtʃʊə(r) /
•UK / məˈtʃʊr /
- adjecitve
- Behaving like an adult
- Being fully developed physically
- verb
- (Wine, cheese) To age to improve its taste
process
US / prə'ses /
•UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /
- noun
- Dealing with official forms in the way required
- Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
- verb
- To organize and use data in a computer
- To deal with official forms in the way required
- To prepare by treating something in a certain way
- To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
- To convert by putting something through a machine
recently
US / ˈri:sntli /
•UK / 'risṇtlɪ /
- adverb
- Just a while ago; not long ago
spore
US / spɔ:(r) /
•UK / spɔr, spor /
- noun
- Tiny cell like dust that can reproduce itself
tenure
US / ˈtenjə(r) /
•UK / ˈtɛnjɚ, -ˌjʊr /
- noun
- Land or buildings one owns
- Permanent right to (e.g. university teaching) job
- Period of time which a particular office is held
upon
US / əˈpɔn, əpən /
•UK / əˈpɑn, əˈpɔn /
- preposition
- More formal term for 'on'
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
via
US / ˈvaɪə /
•UK / ˈvaɪə, ˈviə /
- preposition
- By the means of using something
- By going through, by way of
fertilization
US / ˌfɜ:təlaɪ'zeɪʃn /
•UK / ˌfɚtlɪˈzeʃən /
- noun
- Process of a sperm entering an egg in reproduction
group
US / ɡru:p /
•UK / ɡrup /
- noun
- Two or more musicians who play music together
- Number of people or things gathered together
- verb
- To combine or collect objects or people together
protect
US / prə'tekt /
•UK / prəˈtɛkt /
- verb
- To defend someone or something from harm or danger
outgrow
US / ˌaʊt'ɡrəʊ /
•UK / aʊtˈɡro /
- verb
- To grow too large so something doesn't fit
world
US / wɜ:ld /
•UK / wɜrld /
- noun
- All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- Political division due to some kind of similarity
almost
US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /
•UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /
- adverb
- Only a little less than, nearly, not quite
before
US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /
•UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /
- adverb
- At a time earlier than the present; previously
- conjunction
- In advance of something happening
- preposition
- In front of someone or something
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
information
US / ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn /
•UK / ˌɪnfɚˈmeʃən /
- noun
- Collection of facts and details about something
part
US / pɑ:t /
•UK / pɑ:rt /
- adjecitve
- To some degree; half; not fully
- noun
- Division of a book
- Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
- A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
- Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
- Some, but not all of a specific thing
- Role in causing something to happen
- verb
- To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
- To move two things apart creating a space
- To leave someone, or to break off a relationship
sporangium
US / spɒˈrændʒɪəm /
•UK / spəˈrændʒiəm /
- other
- Organ containing or producing spores
without
US / wɪˈðaʊt /
•UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /
- preposition
- Not with; not having
air
US / eə(r) /
•UK / er /
- noun
- Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
- A person's manner intended to impress others
- verb
- To expose to the outside, to dry or freshen
- To broadcast a TV or radio show
- To open a subject to discussion and debate
botanist
US / ˈbɒtənɪst /
•UK / ˈbɑtnɪst /
- noun
- Scientist who focuses on the study of plant life
cypress
US / 'saɪprəs /
•UK / ˈsaɪprɪs /
- noun
- Tall evergreen tree with dark green leaves
ginkgo
US / ˈɡɪŋkəʊ /
•UK / ˈɡɪŋkoʊ /
- noun
- Deciduous Chinese tree with fan-shaped leaves
history
US / 'hɪstrɪ /
•UK / ˈhɪstəri /
- noun
- Established pattern or record
- Study of past events as an academic subject
increase
US / ɪn'kri:s /
•UK / ɪnˈkris /
- noun
- Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
- verb
- To make or become larger in size or amount
community
US / kə'mju:nətɪ /
•UK / kəˈmjunɪti /
- noun
- Group of people who share a common idea or area
onto
US / ˈɒntə /
•UK / ˈɑnˌtu, -tə, ˈɔn- /
- preposition
- Towards a certain direction/into a certain area
see
US / si: /
•UK / si /
- verb
- To go on a date with someone
- To predict whether something is, or will be true
- To understand what someone says
- To use your eyes to look at something
- To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
- To visit or meet with someone
- To find out by waiting or looking
- To watch (a game, movie or TV show)
specialized
US / ˈspeʃəlaɪzd /
•UK / ˈspɛʃəlˌaɪzd /
- verb
- To focus on one area of a field or profession
- To name something individually
contain
US / kənˈteɪn /
•UK / kənˈten /
- verb
- To keep something from spreading
- To hold something inside something else
eat
US / i:t /
•UK / it /
- verb
- To put food in your mouth
elsa
US / ˈɡɔtn /
•UK / ˈɡɑtn /
four
US / fɔ:(r) /
•UK / fɔr, for /
- number
- 4
interact
US / ˌɪntər'ækt /
•UK / ˌɪntɚˈækt /
- verb
- To talk or do things with each other
gymnosperm
US / 'dʒɪmnəspɜ:m /
•UK / 'dʒɪmnəˌspɜ:m /
- noun
- Plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary
habitat
US / 'hæbɪtæt /
•UK / ˈhæbɪˌtæt /
- noun
- Natural place where a plant or animal lives
million
US / ˈmɪljən /
•UK / ˈmɪljən /
- number
- 1,000,000
inside
US / ˌɪn'saɪd /
•UK / ɪnˈsaɪd, ˈɪnˌsaɪd /
- adjecitve
- Being in something
- Being in a building
- adverb
- Into a house; indoors
- noun
- Inner part or surface of something
once
US / wʌns /
•UK / wʌns /
- adverb
- One time; one instance
- At a time in the past
- conjunction
- When; as soon as
while
US / waɪl /
•UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /
- conjunction
- In spite of the fact that; although
- During the time that; at the same time
- noun
- Short amount of time
continue
US / kən'tɪnju: /
•UK / kənˈtɪnju /
- verb
- To do something without stopping, or after pausing
- To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop
countless
US / ˈkaʊntləs /
•UK / ˈkaʊntlɪs /
- adjecitve
- Being too many to be numbered or imagined
ecological
US / ˌi:kəˈlɒdʒɪkl /
•UK / ˌi:kəˈlɑ:dʒɪkl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the environment, plants, or animals
unless
US / ənˈles /
•UK / ʌnˈlɛs /
- conjunction
- Negative of 'if'
consider
US / kən'sɪdə(r) /
•UK / kənˈsɪdər /
- verb
- To think carefully about something
beautiful
US / 'bju:tɪfl /
•UK / ˈbjutəfəl /
- adjecitve
- Having dome something well
- Being very attractive or appealing physically
prehistoric
US / ˌpri:hɪˈstɒrɪk /
•UK / ˌpri:hɪˈstɔ:rɪk /
- adjecitve
- Relating to the period before written history
- Out-dated; very old-fashioned
ripe
US / raɪp /
•UK / raɪp /
- adjecitve
- (Of a smell) disgusting
- Fully grown or mature; ready to eat
- Being ready, mature or appropriate for something
visit
US / ˈvɪzɪt /
•UK / ˈvɪzɪt /
- noun
- Trip to a place for a time, usually for a reason
- verb
- To go to a place for a time, usually for a reason
soft
US / sɒft /
•UK / sɔft, sɑft /
- adjecitve
- Having flowing curves rather than sharp edges
- Easy to press, bend or cut; not hard or firm
- Showing a sympathetic and gentle heart
- Not rough to the touch; light in feel
- (Of lights, music) not too bright; not too loud
embryo
US / ˈembriəʊ /
•UK / ˈɛmbriˌo /
- noun
- Tiny plant stored inside a seed
- Early form of an unborn human or animal
develop
US / dɪ'veləp /
•UK / dɪˈvɛləp /
- verb
- To explain something in steps and in detail
- To create or think of something
- To grow bigger, more complex, or more advanced
- To make a photograph from film
day
US / deɪ /
•UK / de /
- noun
- A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
- The period of time when it is light outside
- Person's name
point
US / pɔɪnt /
•UK / pɔɪnt /
- noun
- An item to be discussed
- Small spot or dot
- Fact or detail
- Feature of something
- The size of the text on a page or screen
- A certain time or stage in a process
- Certain position in time or space
- Idea or fact you try to convince people about
- Measurement of scores in a game, sport
- Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
- verb
- To face a certain direction, e.g. north
- To indicate something with your finger to others
resemble
US / rɪˈzembl /
•UK / rɪˈzɛmbəl /
- verb
- To be similar to in looks or manner
sequoia
US / sɪˈkwɔɪə /
•UK / sɪ'kwɔɪə /
- noun
- A huge coniferous California tree
splat
US / splæt /
•UK / splæt /
- noun
- The sound of something soft hitting a hard surface
- verb
- To make a sound when hitting something hard
astounding
US / əˈstaʊndɪŋ /
•UK / əˈstaʊndɪŋ /
- verb
- To surprise someone greatly
digital
US / ˈdɪdʒɪtl /
•UK / ˈdɪdʒɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Using electronic signals or computers
rough
US / rʌf /
•UK / rʌf /
- adjecitve
- Causing or involving violence, force, and harm
- (Of situations) tough; difficult to get through
- Being imprecise, inexact, and not detailed
- Not gentle or not soft
- Having an uneven or not smooth surface
- Raw and natural
- (Of sea weather etc.) not calm with strong winds
- Involving or causing sudden, forceful movements
- adverb
- In a manner that is difficult, or violent
- noun
- Violent, loud, and unpleasant person
- Incomplete drawing or draft done lacking detail
- verb
- To make something less smooth
widely
US / ˈwaɪdli /
•UK / ˈwaɪdlɪ /
- adverb
- To a large degree; over a large range
- By or among a large number of people
use
US / ju:s /
•UK / ju:s /
- noun
- Ability to employ something
- Need to enable it to work
- Permission to do something with something
- Act of spending money
- Operation of a machine for its function
- verb
- To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
- To need to operate or work
- To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
- To treat a person badly
- To do something with, for a task or purpose
army
US / 'ɑ:mɪ /
•UK / ˈɑrmi /
- noun
- Large group of soldiers organized to fight in wars
endosperm
US / ˈendəʊspɜːm /
•UK / ˈendoʊspɜːrm /
- noun
- Nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo within seeds of flowering plants
here
US / hɪə(r) /
•UK / hɪr /
- adverb
- In this place; at this location, position or time
lose
US / lu:z /
•UK / luz /
- verb
- To be unable to keep in check or control something
- To decrease in value or quantity (e.g. weight)
- To stop having certain qualities or abilities
- To stop having or being entitled to
- To fail to win something that is being contested
- To be unable to find something you once had
- To be dependent on someone (used with 'not')
kale
US / keɪl /
•UK / keɪl /
- noun
- Hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves
new
US / nju: /
•UK / nu, nju /
- adjecitve
- Not old, recently born, built or made
- Being or doing something for the first time
- Not felt, seen or known previously
- Having been recently bought or obtained
strategy
US / 'strætədʒɪ /
•UK / ˈstrætədʒi /
- noun
- Careful plan or method for achieving a goal
- other
- Branch of military dealing with command
showy
US / ˈʃəʊi /
•UK / ˈʃoʊi /
- adjecitve
- Tasteless and extravagant display
try
US / traɪ /
•UK / traɪ /
- noun
- Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
- verb
- To make an effort, to attempt to do something
- To examine someone or something in a court of law
- To test to see if it is good or you like it
- To make a person go through hardship; test
- To examine something to see if it works
corn
US / kɔ:n /
•UK / kɔrn /
- noun
- Small, painful hard spot on the foot
- Plant with many yellow seeds used as food
carbon
US / 'kɑ:bən /
•UK / ˈkɑrbən /
- noun
- Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
code
US / kəʊd /
•UK / kod /
- noun
- A password made of a set of letters or numbers
- Set of rules for behavior
- A secret language using secret symbols
- Written part of a computer program
- verb
- To express information in a series of numbers
- To write a secret message using secret symbols
- To write programs using computer languages
plus
US / plʌs /
•UK / plʌs /
- noun
- A benefit or advantage
- preposition
- In addition; add
- In addition to; Indicates a number above
- Having a value greater than zero
poop
US / pu:p /
•UK / pup /
- noun
- Feces
- verb
- To defecate
reproductive
US / ˌri:prəˈdʌktɪv /
•UK / ˌriprəˈdʌktɪv /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the process of making children
- Relating to having children, young, or new plants
ovule
US / ˈɒvjuːl /
•UK / ˈoʊvjuːl /
- noun
- Small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant; develops into a seed after fertilization;
too
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- adverb
- In addition, also; with emphasis
- Say that something is more than you want
appear
US / ə'pɪə(r) /
•UK / əˈpɪr /
- verb
- To be seen, become visible; come into sight
- To seem to be
- To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media
after
US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /
•UK / ˈæftɚ /
- adverb
- Later than another time, or behind something
- conjunction
- Following something before
- preposition
- When an event happened or time has passed
container
US / kənˈteɪnə(r) /
•UK / kənˈtenɚ /
- noun
- An object that can be used to hold things
enclose
US / ɪnˈkləʊz /
•UK / ɪnˈkloʊz /
- verb
- To place something in a package or envelope
- To surround something
diversification
US / daɪˌvɜ:sɪfɪ'keɪʃn /
•UK / dɪˌvɜ:sɪfɪ'keɪʃn /
- noun
- Offering or owning a variety of goods and services
episode
US / 'epɪsəʊd /
•UK / ˈɛpɪˌsod /
- noun
- One separate event in a series of events
- Show which is part of a larger story
many
US / 'menɪ /
•UK / ˈmɛni /
- determiner
- Used to refer a large number of things
partnership
US / ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp /
•UK / ˈpɑ:rtnərʃɪp /
- noun
- Shared business relationship with someone
- Working with others for some purpose
reward
US / rɪ'wɔ:d /
•UK / rɪˈwɔrd /
- noun
- Money given for information about criminals
- verb
- To give something because of someone's good work
- To give someone money for helping the police
- To give someone satisfaction for what they did
will
US / wɪl /
•UK / wɪl /
- noun
- Desire or choice of someone
- Document saying who gets your money when you die
- Strong desire to do something; determination
- Desire to do something; strong wish to do
- other
- Used with verbs to express the future
- verb
- To leave property to someone after your death
- To use mental effort to make something happen
- Am (is, are) likely to do
- To influence someone to do something
- To make something happen by strongly wanting it