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Williams's F1 problems go far beyond its 2023 'knife fight'

Video vocabulary

lack

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US / læk /

UK / læk /

A2
  • noun
  • The state of not having or not having enough of
  • A shortage of something
  • verb
  • To not have, or not have enough, of something

own

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US / əʊn /

UK / on /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Belong to oneself
  • determiner
  • Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
  • pronoun
  • (Something) belong to myself
  • verb
  • To have something as your property

similar

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US / ˈsɪmələ(r) /

UK / ˈsɪməlɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Nearly the same; alike

elsewhere

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US / ˌelsˈweə(r) /

UK / ˌelsˈwer /

A1
  • adverb
  • In, or to, another or different place

house

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US / haʊs /

UK / haʊs /

A1
  • noun
  • Place where a specific activity or business occurs
  • Building in which a family, person lives
  • verb
  • To give someone a place to live
  • To contain or store something

growth

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US / grəʊθ /

UK / groʊθ /

A2
  • noun
  • Improvement, development in a skill over time
  • A mass on the skin or body part related to illness
  • Act of growing

least

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US / li:st /

UK / list /

A1
  • adverb
  • In the smallest or lowest way
  • noun
  • Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

right

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US / raɪt /

UK / raɪt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Correct or true
  • The south side of you looking at the rising sun
  • adverb
  • Exactly in a place or time
  • Being appropriate for a particular event
  • In a straight or direct manner
  • noun
  • Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
  • Ideal of what is just and good
  • Political view based on conservatism
  • verb
  • To fix something previously wrong or unjust
  • To make upright, as a boat that has turned over

force

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US / fɔ:s /

UK / fɔrs, fors /

A1
  • noun
  • Group of persons trained for military action; army
  • Pressure; attraction
  • The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
  • verb
  • To use physical strength or violence to persuade

confront

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US / kən'frʌnt /

UK / kənˈfrʌnt /

B1
  • verb
  • To make someone, e.g. who has lied, face the truth
  • (Of problem) to face someone who must deal with it

include

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US / ɪnˈklu:d /

UK / ɪnˈklud /

A1
  • verb
  • To make someone, something part of a group

during

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US / ˈdjʊərɪŋ /

UK / ˈdʊrɪŋ, ˈdjʊr- /

A1
  • preposition
  • At some point in the course of an event or thing

then

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US / ðen /

UK / ðɛn /

A1
  • adverb
  • A time that is not now
  • Following another thing in time or arrangement
  • Following on reasonably from what was just stated
  • At that time, not now

step

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US / step /

UK / stɛp /

A1
  • noun
  • Movement done as part of a particular dance
  • Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
  • One part or stage in a process
  • Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
  • Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
  • verb
  • To raise and moving the foot to put it down

nothing

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US / 'nʌθɪŋ /

UK / ˈnʌθɪŋ /

A1
  • noun
  • Item of little or no value, importance, interest
  • Number or value of zero
  • pronoun
  • Not anything, not a single thing

onwards

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US / ˈɒnwədz /

UK / ˈɑ:nwərdz /

B1
  • adverb
  • Moving toward a future (often better) time/place

fight

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US / faɪt /

UK / faɪt /

A1
  • noun
  • An argument or quarrel
  • Act of trying to hurt someone by hitting them
  • A struggle to do a difficult task
  • verb
  • To argue or quarrel with someone about something
  • To try to hurt someone by hitting them
  • To struggle to do a difficult task

happen

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US / 'hæpən /

UK / ˈhæpən /

A1
  • verb
  • To take place or occur

each

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US / i:tʃ /

UK / itʃ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Every one of two or more things
  • pronoun
  • Per one person or thing

overuse

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US / ˌəʊvə'ju:z /

UK / ˌovɚˈjuz /

B2
  • noun
  • Use of an object too often or too extensively
  • verb
  • To use something too often or too extensively

track

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US / træk /

UK / træk /

A2
  • noun
  • A circular course for running
  • Course or way someone takes, e.g. in education
  • Path in a field or a forest made by walkers
  • Often circular course laid out for car racing
  • One of multiple musical recordings on an album
  • Band surrounding the wheels of a tank
  • Metal lines that trains ride on
  • verb
  • To use marks to follow a wild animal
  • To move a certain way/follow a particular course
  • To record and examine the progress of something

about

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US / ə'baʊt /

UK / əˈbaʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • To be ready to; going to
  • Nearly; approximately; roughly
  • Near; next to; close to
  • In every direction; in the area of
  • preposition
  • Concerning or of (a topic)

current

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US / 'kʌrənt /

UK / ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr- /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Happening or being in the present time
  • noun
  • Electricity flowing through wires
  • Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky

even

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US / 'i:vn /

UK / ˈivən /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
  • Being divided equally or fairly
  • (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
  • Smooth, level, or regular
  • Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
  • At a regular, equally steady manner
  • Remaining steady and unchanging
  • adverb
  • (When this is surprising) as well; too
  • (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
  • verb
  • To make something level; to flatten
  • To make something equal

govern

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US / ˈgʌvn /

UK / ˈgʌvərn /

B1
  • verb
  • To officially control land and make policies

like

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US / laɪk /

UK / laɪk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being equal in status or kind to something else
  • Similar; the same
  • adverb
  • For example
  • preposition
  • Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
  • In a way similar to the way something is done
  • Such as; for example
  • verb
  • To want to
  • To find something pleasing; to prefer something

quest

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US / kwest /

UK / kwɛst /

B2
  • noun
  • Long and challenging journey to find something

that

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US / ðæt /

UK / ðæt, ðət /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • The person or thing being talked about
  • Used to identify something both the speakers know
  • adverb
  • Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
  • To such a degree
  • conjunction
  • Used to connect a noun clause
  • Used to introduce an adverbial clause
  • Used to introduce a noun clause
  • determiner
  • Used as a noun to refer to something
  • pronoun
  • Referring an object far away
  • Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’

threat

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US / θret /

UK / θrɛt /

A2
  • noun
  • Warning of probable trouble
  • A warning that you may be harmed

what

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US / wɒt /

UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Thing or things that; the same kind as
  • Used to emphasize something you are about to say
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
  • Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
  • adverb
  • To a certain degree
  • determiner
  • Question words used for asking for information
  • exclamation
  • Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
  • Used to ask people to repeat something they said

warner

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US / 'wɔ:nə /

UK / 'wɔ:nə /

A1
  • other
  • Someone who gives a warning to others

weaken

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US / 'wi:kən /

UK / ˈwikən /

A2
  • verb
  • To make something or someone less powerful

aerospace

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US / 'eərəʊspeɪs /

UK / ˈɛroˌspes /

B2
  • noun
  • Industry of air and space travel

barely

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US / ˈbɛəli /

UK / ˈbɛrli /

A2
  • adverb
  • Only just; just possible

enough

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US / ɪˈnʌf /

UK / ɪˈnʌf /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Sufficient to answer the need
  • adverb
  • To a satisfactory degree
  • pronoun
  • Equal to what is needed; as much as required
  • Adequate number or amount

exceed

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US / ɪk'si:d /

UK / ɪkˈsid /

B1
  • verb
  • To be greater in number, degree than something
  • To go above or beyond a limit or rule

mean

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US / mi:n /

UK / min /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good at
  • Nasty; unkind
  • Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
  • noun
  • Average of a set of numbers
  • verb
  • To express a particular idea or thought
  • To intend to do something in particular
  • To have a particular meaning or value

offer

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US / 'ɒfə(r) /

UK / ˈɔfɚ, ˈɑfɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Price you say you are willing to pay for something
  • Act of making a thing available to be accepted
  • verb
  • To suggest a price you are willing to pay
  • To give the opportunity to accept something
  • To say you are willing to do something
  • To give or say something as an act of worship

priority

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US / praɪ'ɒrətɪ /

UK / praɪˈɔrɪti, -ˈɑr- /

B1
  • noun
  • Thing that is more important/urgent than others

reply

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US / rɪˈplaɪ /

UK / rɪˈplaɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Answer to someone's question
  • A response in speech, writing or action
  • verb
  • To respond by speech, writing or action
  • To give a response in speech, writing or action

tend

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US / tend /

UK / tɛnd /

A2
  • verb
  • To move or act in a certain manner
  • To take care of
  • To regularly behave in a certain way

analysis

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US / əˈnæləsɪs /

UK / əˈnælɪsɪs /

B1
  • noun
  • Careful study to better understand something

first

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US / fɜ:st /

UK / fɚst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
  • noun
  • Something that has not happened before
  • Position of the winner of a competition

get

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US / ɡet /

UK / ɡɛt /

A1
  • verb
  • To become affected by illness or disease
  • To begin to feel or understand an emotion or idea
  • To send or bring someone or something home, etc.
  • To go somewhere to obtain something
  • To (cause to) do a particular thing
  • To obtain, receive or be given something
  • To currently have
  • To prepare for use
  • To understand something being said or read

particularly

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US / pəˈtikjuləli /

UK / pɚˈtɪkjələli, pəˈtɪk- /

A2
  • adverb
  • Specially; more than others

present

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US / 'preznt /

UK / ˈprɛznt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in attendance; being there; having turned up
  • noun
  • Gift
  • Verb tense indicating an action is happening now
  • Current time; now
  • verb
  • To introduce someone to others
  • To host a program on television or radio
  • To give a speech or presentation
  • To show something to someone who will examine it
  • To appear or happen
  • To give an award or prize to someone

recruit

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US / rɪ'kru:t /

UK / rɪˈkrut /

B1
  • noun
  • Person who has just joined the military
  • Person who has just begun a new activity or job
  • verb
  • To convince and help people to join the military
  • To find new employees, volunteers or members
  • To find people to join an organization or business

downforce

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US / /

UK / /

C2
  • noun
  • Pressure generated by a car moving over a surface

industry

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US / 'ɪndəstrɪ /

UK / ˈɪndəstri /

A1
  • noun
  • Hard work; being busy working
  • Factories or businesses that make certain products

knife

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US / naɪf /

UK / naɪf /

A1
  • noun
  • Long piece of metal you use for cutting things
  • verb
  • To attack someone with a sharp long blade
  • To move through something easily and quickly

most

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US / məʊst /

UK / most /

A1
  • adverb
  • Very; extremely
  • Greatest possible degree
  • pronoun
  • Nearly all of something

saudi

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US / 'saʊdɪ /

UK / 'saʊdɪ /

A1
  • other
  • A native or inhabitant of Saudi Arabia

and

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US / ənd /

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to refer to two or more things
  • Plus; in addition; on top of that
  • Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

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US / bæk /

UK / bæk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
  • adverb
  • Have returned to a place you were before
  • noun
  • The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
  • Location at the rear of something
  • The reverse of side something
  • Area on the rear of your body
  • verb
  • To bet money on something
  • To go backwards in a car
  • To support and encourage someone or some cause

base

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US / beɪs /

UK / bes /

A2
  • noun
  • Place military personnel live, train, and operate
  • Bottom part of an object that touches a surface
  • Unit of counting, e.g. 10 for counting
  • Most important idea or ingredient to add others
  • Origin or start from which something came
  • Main place where an organization or a person works
  • verb
  • To use as the starting point or origin for
  • To have as the main location for (company, etc.)

culture

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US / 'kʌltʃə(r) /

UK / ˈkʌltʃɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • Beliefs and customs of a particular group

hope

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US / həʊp /

UK / hop /

A1
  • noun
  • When you wish something will happen; what you wish
  • verb
  • To expect and want something to happen

until

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US / ənˈtɪl /

UK / ʌnˈtɪl /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Up to; to a time when something happens
  • preposition
  • Before (a specific time)

another

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US / əˈnʌðə(r) /

UK / əˈnʌðɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • One more, but not this
  • determiner
  • One more added
  • pronoun
  • One more (thing)

call

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US / kɔ:l /

UK / kɔl /

A1
  • noun
  • A order or request for action
  • The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
  • A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
  • A short visit to a place or person
  • A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
  • verb
  • To make a request or order for action
  • (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
  • To announce the date of an election
  • To make a judgment about something
  • To give someone or something a name
  • To guess in advance the result or outcome
  • To visit a place or person for a short time
  • To phone someone
  • To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice

dawn

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US / dɔ:n /

UK / dɔn /

B1
  • noun
  • First light of day
  • Person's name
  • verb
  • To begin to grow light as the sun rises
  • To begin to be understood for the first time

far

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US / fɑ:(r) /

UK / fɑr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • A long way away
  • Being a long way away
  • adverb
  • To a large degree or extent

leave

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US / li:v /

UK / liv /

A1
  • noun
  • Permission to do something
  • Vacation time; time off work
  • verb
  • To go away from; depart
  • To gift property to someone after you die
  • To allow something to continue happening
  • To let something remain unused or available
  • To let something or someone remain somewhere

where

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US / hwɛə /

UK / hwɛr, wɛr /

A1
  • conjunction
  • At or in the place which
  • In whatever place
  • pronoun
  • Word you use to ask the location of something

agreement

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US / əˈgri:mənt /

UK / əˈɡrimənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Sharing the same opinion or reach a decision

front

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US / frʌnt /

UK / frʌnt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Opposite of back; the forward part of an object
  • noun
  • Behavior not showing a person's true feelings
  • Area where fighting in a war is happening
  • Place where air of different temperatures meets
  • verb
  • To have the forward part facing something
  • To lead a group of people, usually a band

join

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US / dʒɔɪn /

UK / dʒɔɪn /

A1
  • verb
  • To bring something close to another, to become one
  • To become a member of
  • To participate in an activity with others

only

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US / ˈəunli /

UK / ˈonli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
  • Not very important or serious
  • Just that type of thing, person
  • Short time ago; not before a certain time
  • conjunction
  • Except; but

put

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US / pʊt /

UK / pʊt /

A1
  • phrasal verb
  • to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
  • verb
  • To move or place a thing in a particular position
  • To rate something in importance or value
  • To write or say something in a certain manner

perhaps

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US / pəˈhæps /

UK / pɚˈhæps /

A1
  • adverb
  • Possibly, but not certainly; maybe

two

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • number
  • 2

ten

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US / ten /

UK / tɛn /

A1
  • number
  • 10

along

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US / əˈlɒŋ /

UK / əˈlɔ:ŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • As a companion; taken with someone
  • preposition
  • At a point on a line

anything

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US / ˈeniθɪŋ /

UK / ˈɛniˌθɪŋ /

A1
  • pronoun
  • A thing of any kind

from

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US / frəm /

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1
  • preposition
  • Starting at a particular place, time or level

grip

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US / ɡrɪp /

UK / ɡrɪp /

A2
  • noun
  • Strong understanding of an idea
  • Control over something or someone
  • Part of an object to help you hold onto it
  • Act of holding something firmly
  • other
  • Control over something or someone
  • verb
  • To hold someone's interest
  • To hold something in your hand very firmly

false

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US / fɔ:ls /

UK / fɔ:ls /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Not real or genuine

out

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US / aʊt /

UK / aʊt /

A1
  • adverb
  • No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
  • Away from home, business, or the usual place
  • In a direction/movement away from inside or center
  • noun
  • Act when a batter cannot continue playing
  • verb
  • To tell people a secret

over

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US / 'əʊvə(r) /

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Finished; no longer happening
  • Towards the ground/away from a standing position
  • noun
  • A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
  • other
  • Finished
  • preposition
  • Showing the relation when a thing is above another
  • On or covering something
  • Above or across something
  • More than you need
  • From one side to the other
  • In the direction of; toward

share

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US / ʃeə(r) /

UK / ʃɛr /

A2
  • noun
  • Part-ownership in a property, business or company
  • Part of a company you own, shown by a certificate
  • verb
  • To divide something between two or more people
  • To allow others to use your things equally
  • To give information, etc. to someone

linkedin

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US / ˈlɪŋktɪn /

UK / ˈlɪŋktɪn /

A1

keep

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US / ki:p /

UK / kip /

A1
  • noun
  • Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
  • Money spent on you so you can live in a place
  • verb
  • To continue doing something; not to stop
  • To stop balls going in a goal in sports
  • To not give back or return something
  • (Of food) to not spoil or not rot
  • To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
  • To have and continue to hold something
  • To do something that you have promised or agreed
  • To stay in a certain place or condition
  • To maintain the rules

fallow

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US / ˈfæləʊ /

UK / ˈfæloʊ /

C1
  • adjecitve
  • (Of fields) plowed but not sowed; uncultivated

monitor

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US / ˈmɒnɪtə(r) /

UK / ˈmɑ:nɪtə(r) /

A2
  • noun
  • A senior student at school
  • Electronic screen on which you can see images
  • verb
  • To observe and keep a record of something

paint

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US / peɪnt /

UK / pent /

A1
  • noun
  • Colored liquid you apply with a brush
  • verb
  • To make a picture with colored liquids
  • To describe as
  • To apply a color, oil or sealant with a brush

rather

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US / 'rɑ:ðə(r) /

UK / ˈræðɚ, ˈrɑðɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Somewhat; fairly; not that much

something

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US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1
  • adverb
  • In some degree or measure
  • noun
  • a person or thing of some value or consequence
  • pronoun
  • Thing that is not yet known or named
  • Approximately

ambition

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US / æmˈbɪʃn /

UK / æmˈbɪʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Desire to win or be successful in life, work

come

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US / kʌm /

UK / kʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To arrive at a place
  • (Of mail) to be delivered
  • To move toward someone; go with someone
  • To reach a certain point or state

help

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US / help /

UK / hɛlp /

A1
  • noun
  • Something given to enable a person to do something
  • Assistance given to someone in need
  • Someone who makes something easier or possible
  • verb
  • To act to enable a person to do something; assist
  • To make something better or less difficult

haul

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US / hɔ:l /

UK / hɔl /

B2
  • verb
  • To pull or drag something heavy (e.g. boat)

alongside

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US / əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd /

UK / əˌlɔ:ŋˈsaɪd /

B1
  • preposition
  • Side by side with something

ceo

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US / ˌsiː iː ˈəʊ /

UK / ˌsiː iː ˈoʊ /

C2
  • abbreviation
  • CEO for Chief Operating Officer

frederick

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US / ˈfredrɪk /

UK / ˈfredrɪk /

A1
  • proper noun
  • A city in northern Maryland; population 59,213 (est. 2008).

experience

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US / ɪk'spɪərɪəns /

UK / ɪkˈspɪriəns /

A1
  • noun
  • Thing a person has done or that happened to them
  • An event at which you learned something
  • Knowledge gained by living life, doing new things
  • verb
  • To gain knowledge by doing things

deal

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US / di:l /

UK / dil /

A1
  • verb
  • To cope with something - usually troubles
  • To give (something bad e.g. news) to
  • To buy and sell illegal drugs
  • To give out (cards, etc.) to; distribute
  • To do business with someone or to sell products

now

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US / naʊ /

UK / naʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At the present time or moment
  • Right away or in the next possible moment
  • Used to refer to something that just happened
  • Time between the present and a moment in the past
  • conjunction
  • Resulting from or because of something

operate

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US / ˈɒpəreɪt /

UK / ˈɑ:pəreɪt /

A1
  • verb
  • To control or handle something, such as a machine
  • To control or manage something such as a business
  • To be working or being used
  • To perform surgery on someone

perform

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US / pə'fɔ:m /

UK / pɚˈfɔrm /

A1
  • verb
  • To carry out an action well or successfully
  • To entertain an audience by dancing, singing etc.

trim

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US / trɪm /

UK / trɪm /

B2
  • verb
  • To cut (hair, etc.) to make it neater/shorter

achieve

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US / ə'tʃi:v /

UK / əˈtʃiv /

A2
  • verb
  • To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard

financially

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US / fə'nænʃəlɪ /

UK / faɪˈnænʃəlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • From a financial point of view

decision

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US / dɪ'sɪʒn /

UK / dɪˈsɪʒən /

A1
  • noun
  • Choice made after thinking; final judgment
  • Ability to make quick and confident choices

potentially

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US / pə'tenʃəlɪ /

UK / pəˈtɛnʃəlɪ /

B1
  • adverb
  • That could happen or become reality

recent

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US / 'ri:snt /

UK / ˈrisənt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Happening or beginning not long ago

ship

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US / ʃɪp /

UK / ʃɪp /

A1
  • noun
  • Large boat
  • verb
  • To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

respectable

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US / rɪˈspektəbl /

UK / rɪˈspɛktəbəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Having socially/conventionally acceptable morals

not

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US / nɒt /

UK / nɑt /

A1
  • adverb
  • Word indicating the negative
  • (Used to form the negative of verbs)

overhaul

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US / 'əʊvəhɔ:l /

UK / ˌovɚˈhɔl,ˈovɚˌhɔl /

B2
  • verb
  • To repair and fix something

currently

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US / ˈkʌrəntli /

UK / ˈkʌrənt(ə)li /

A2
  • adverb
  • Happening or being in the present time

calm

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US / kɑ:m /

UK / kɑm /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Without wind or storm; quiet; peaceful
  • Relaxed and not worried or angry
  • verb
  • To make or become relaxed and not worried or angry

expect

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US / ɪk'spekt /

UK / ɪkˈspɛkt /

A1
  • verb
  • To believe something is probably going to happen

hybrid

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US / ˈhaɪbrɪd /

UK / ˈhaɪbrɪd /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Formed from combining different things
  • noun
  • Something formed from combining different things

significant

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US / sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt /

UK / sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
  • Having meaning; important; noticeable
  • (Statistics) being clearly different

testing

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US / ˈtestɪŋ /

UK / ˈtestɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be given a medical examination
  • To try to establish the truth or nature of
  • To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

safety

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US / ˈseɪfti /

UK / ˈsefti /

A1
  • noun
  • Device on a gun to prevent accidental shooting
  • State of being free from harm or danger

yet

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US / jet /

UK / jɛt /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a later time (used after ‘not’)
  • (Used to emphasize that thing is, will be greater)
  • Eventually; at a future time
  • Until now; up to the present
  • conjunction
  • Adding to what has been said, often as a contrast

but

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US / bət /

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used before you say something different, opposite

finish

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US / ˈfɪnɪʃ /

UK / ˈfɪnɪʃ /

A1
  • noun
  • End of something; completion
  • Final coat (of paint) applied to a surface
  • verb
  • To use or consume all of something
  • To reach the end; to complete something
  • To put a final surface (e.g. paint) on something

good

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US / ɡʊd /

UK / ɡʊd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper, appropriate or right
  • (Of an amount) enough; plenty
  • Excellent; high quality
  • Acting well or properly; of moral character
  • In a positive or happy emotional state
  • noun
  • Advantage or benefit

give

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US / ɡɪv /

UK / ɡɪv /

A1
  • noun
  • Degree of flexibility in something, a material
  • verb
  • To hand over or present something to someone
  • To cause someone to have or experience something

saturday

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US / /

UK / /

A1
  • noun
  • Sixth day of the week; the day after Friday

phrase

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US / freɪz /

UK / frez /

A2
  • noun
  • Common expression or saying
  • Section of musical notes in a piece of music
  • A set of words used together
  • verb
  • To choose words to say what you mean clearly

rightly

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US / ˈraɪtli /

UK / ˈraɪtli /

B1
  • adverb
  • In accordance with what is right

become

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US / bɪ'kʌm /

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1
  • verb
  • To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
  • To be suitable for a particular job or role

opportunity

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US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /

UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /

A2
  • noun
  • Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance

slow

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US / sləʊ /

UK / sloʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Lacking activity, busyness or excitement
  • (Clock) showing time earlier than the actual time
  • Having difficulty understanding simple things
  • Moving or happening without speed; not fast
  • verb
  • To move, with less speed than before
  • To move or go without much speed

smooth

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US / smu:ð /

UK / smuð /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Moving without stops and starts
  • Pleasant and flat to touch, not rough
  • Being free from problems or difficulties
  • verb
  • To make something rough feel flat, e.g. by ironing
  • To spread a substance over a surface

role

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US / rəʊl /

UK / rol /

A2
  • noun
  • Character played by an actor
  • Part you play in an activity; job; responsibility

principal

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US / ˈprɪnsəpl /

UK / ˈprɪnsəpəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Being the main or most important
  • noun
  • Leading person in a group of musicians or dancers
  • Head teacher of a school
  • Original amount of money borrowed

really

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US / ˈri:əli /

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to stress something that is said; definitely
  • In a true or accurate manner
  • Very

wheater

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US / /

UK / /

A1

would

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US / wʊd /

UK / wʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate something imagined
  • Used to ask or request something politely
  • Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
  • Used to indicate a preference
  • Used to indicate a reaction
  • Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
  • Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

can

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US / kæn /

UK / kən,kæn /

A1
  • noun
  • A metal container for storing food
  • other
  • Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
  • verb
  • To have permission to
  • To be possible to do
  • To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

credit

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US / 'kredɪt /

UK / ˈkrɛdɪt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Having a positive amount of money
  • noun
  • System to buy something and pay for it later
  • Points earned instead of money
  • Quality of having a good reputation for a reason
  • Points earned towards a university degree
  • verb
  • To add a certain amount of money to a total
  • To recognize someone's achievements or help

comparison

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US / kəmˈpærɪsn /

UK / kəmˈpærɪsən /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of comparing things

quotes

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US / kwəʊts /

UK / kwoʊts /

B1
  • other
  • Written statement of the cost of something
  • The (often wise or famous) words of people
  • verb
  • To tell someone how much a task will cost
  • To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

regime

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US / reɪˈʒi:m /

UK / reˈʒim, rɪ- /

B1
  • noun
  • A system of management; a form of government

surprise

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US / səˈpraɪz /

UK / sərˈpraɪz /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • That surprises you; not expected
  • noun
  • Something unexpected that slightly shocks you
  • verb
  • To do something that another person didn't expect

perception

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US / pəˈsepʃn /

UK / pɚˈsɛpʃən /

B1
  • noun
  • Way in which one sees or understands something

whether

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US / ˈweðə(r) /

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

A1
  • conjunction
  • If something will happen or not

accelerate

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US / əkˈseləreɪt /

UK / ækˈsɛləˌret /

B1
  • verb
  • To cause to occur earlier than expected
  • To increase the speed or rate of something

his

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US / hɪz /

UK / hɪz /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Something belonging to a male person

process

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US / prə'ses /

UK / ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs /

A2
  • noun
  • Dealing with official forms in the way required
  • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
  • verb
  • To organize and use data in a computer
  • To deal with official forms in the way required
  • To prepare by treating something in a certain way
  • To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
  • To convert by putting something through a machine

restart

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US / ˌri:ˈstɑ:t /

UK / ˌri:ˈstɑ:rt /

B1
  • verb
  • To begin working again after it has stopped

retire

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US / rɪ'taɪə(r) /

UK / rɪˈtaɪr /

A2
  • verb
  • To stop using, producing, or servicing something
  • To stop taking part in a competition or game
  • To quit having jobs because you are old
  • To move to a different area or room (formal)
  • To go to bed (formal)

with

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US / wɪð /

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1
  • preposition
  • As an employee of a certain company
  • Against something or someone
  • By using something as a means
  • Due to; because of
  • Including
  • Possessing as a feature
  • Related to
  • (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
  • Used to express that people or things are together

enjoy

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US / ɪnˈdʒɔɪ /

UK / ɛnˈdʒɔɪ /

A1
  • verb
  • To take pleasure in something

finalize

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US / 'faɪnəlaɪz /

UK / ˈfaɪnəˌlaɪz /

B1
  • verb
  • To make preparations to bring a thing to a finish

could

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US / kəd /

UK / kʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
  • Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

know

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US / nəʊ /

UK / noʊ /

A1
  • verb
  • To be familiar with a person or place, thing
  • To feel sure or be convinced about something
  • To discover or be aware of something
  • To be able to distinguish
  • To have knowledge of things

willing

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US / 'wɪlɪŋ /

UK / ˈwɪlɪŋ /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Act of making a choice
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

weakness

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US / ˈwi:knəs /

UK / ˈwiknɪs /

A2
  • noun
  • Fault or bad quality preventing success
  • Liking for something that you are a bit ashamed of

century

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US / 'sentʃərɪ /

UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /

A1
  • noun
  • Period of 100 years

before

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US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a time earlier than the present; previously
  • conjunction
  • In advance of something happening
  • preposition
  • In front of someone or something

have

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US / həv /

UK / hæv /

A1
  • verb
  • To drink, smoke, eat or use something
  • To experience the effects of something
  • To organize an event, or join in an activity
  • To own, possess, or hold something
  • To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

last

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US / lɑ:st /

UK / læst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Most recent; the latest
  • The one before
  • adverb
  • Final; with nothing following; after all others
  • Most recent; the latest
  • determiner
  • The one at the end
  • verb
  • To remain or continue for a certain period of time

plan

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US / plæn /

UK / plæn /

A1
  • noun
  • Drawing of how something should be done or made

part

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US / pɑ:t /

UK / pɑ:rt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To some degree; half; not fully
  • noun
  • Division of a book
  • Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
  • A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
  • Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
  • Some, but not all of a specific thing
  • Role in causing something to happen
  • verb
  • To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
  • To move two things apart creating a space
  • To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

car

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US / kɑ:(r) /

UK / kɑr /

A1
  • noun
  • A vehicle with wheels and engine to carry people

nor

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US / nɔ:(r) /

UK / nɔr /

A2
  • conjunction
  • Not this or that; also not

see

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US / si: /

UK / si /

A1
  • verb
  • To go on a date with someone
  • To predict whether something is, or will be true
  • To understand what someone says
  • To use your eyes to look at something
  • To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
  • To visit or meet with someone
  • To find out by waiting or looking
  • To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

relatively

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US / ˈrelətɪvli /

UK / ˈrɛlətɪvlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • In a manner comparing something to something else

departure

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US / dɪˈpɑ:tʃə(r) /

UK / dɪˈpɑrtʃɚ /

B1
  • noun
  • Act of leaving a place, to start a journey
  • Starting something new or doing it in a new way

end

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US / end /

UK / ɛnd /

A1
  • noun
  • The point where a process or activity stops
  • A point that marks the limit of something; finish
  • Goal or desired result
  • The tip, edge or limit of something
  • verb
  • To be the last part of something

manage

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US / ˈmænɪdʒ /

UK / ˈmænɪdʒ /

A1
  • verb
  • To survive hardships and difficulties; to cope
  • To run or operate a business by directing others

mark

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US / mɑ:k /

UK / mɑrk /

A2
  • noun
  • Person's name
  • A dirty spot or line on something
  • Grade or score given for homework
  • Line or symbol made when writing
  • Particular point on a scale of measurement
  • Grade, such as a student receives in school
  • Stain or spot on something
  • Sign or symbol of a quality of feeling
  • Written sign or symbol
  • verb
  • To put a dirty spot or line on something
  • To give a grade for homework
  • To indicate something with a sign or symbol
  • To make or leave a visible sign of (path, etc.)
  • (Animals) to go to the toilet to show your area
  • To write or draw a line on something

clear

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US / klɪə(r) /

UK / klɪr /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Empty; without anything in it or on it
  • Being certain and without doubt
  • Being without any streaks, spots, or cracks
  • Easy to understand; well-explained; obvious
  • adverb
  • Completely; entirely; through the whole of
  • Away from; free from
  • verb
  • To recover from or remove a problem
  • To get rid of the entire contents of
  • To give permission for something to happen
  • To make a place or surface empty by removing
  • To prove that someone is not guilty or to blame

problem

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US / ˈprɒbləm /

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Causing trouble
  • noun
  • Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
  • Question to show understanding of a math concept

aspire

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US / əˈspaɪə(r) /

UK / əˈspaɪr /

B2
  • verb
  • To have a great ambition or goal

era

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US / 'ɪərə /

UK / 'ɪrə /

B1
  • noun
  • Period characterized by particular events, people

hugely

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US / ˈhju:dʒli /

UK / ˈhjuːdʒli /

A2
  • adverb
  • Greatly; extremely

world

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US / wɜ:ld /

UK / wɜrld /

A1
  • noun
  • All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • Political division due to some kind of similarity

upgrade

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US / ˌʌpˈgreɪd /

UK / ˈʌpˌɡred /

B1
  • noun
  • Updated or better version of something
  • verb
  • To improve something in terms of quality

challenge

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US / 'tʃælɪndʒ /

UK / ˈtʃæləndʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
  • Act of formally inviting someone to compete
  • A question to determine correctness of something
  • verb
  • To formally invite someone to compete at something
  • To question the correctness of something

decade

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US / ˈdekeɪd /

UK / ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked /

B1
  • noun
  • Period of 10 years

ago

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US / əˈgəʊ /

UK / əˈgoʊ /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a specified length of time in the past

agree

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US / əˈgri: /

UK / əˈɡri /

A1
  • verb
  • To have the same opinion as someone else

appoint

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US / ə'pɔɪnt /

UK / əˈpɔɪnt /

A2
  • verb
  • To officially choose a person for a job, position

design

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US / dɪˈzaɪn /

UK / dɪˈzaɪn /

A1
  • noun
  • The way something is planned, to fulfill a purpose
  • verb
  • To plan in a particular way to fulfill a purpose
  • To think of a plan

direction

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US / də'rekʃn /

UK / dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ- /

A2
  • noun
  • When someone tells people what to do
  • Describes the way you are going, e.g. North

lived

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US / 'lɪvd /

UK / 'lɪvd /

A1
  • verb
  • To be alive
  • To experience a particular type of life
  • To make your home in a house or town

earmark

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US / ˈɪəmɑːk /

UK / ˈɪrmɑːrk /

C2
  • verb
  • To reserve or keep a resource to a person or cause

powerhouse

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US / ˈpaʊəhaʊs /

UK / ˈpaʊərhaʊs /

A1
  • noun
  • Highly energetic and indefatigable person

their

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US / ðɛː /

UK / ðer /

A1
  • determiner
  • Belonging to them

way

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US / weɪ /

UK / we /

A1
  • adverb
  • Used to emphasize the amount of something
  • noun
  • Particular aspect of something being thought about
  • One of various choices that could be made
  • Particular existing condition or state
  • (Often long) distance or length of time
  • How something is done
  • Route to go to a place
  • Small street
  • Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone

both

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US / bəuθ /

UK / boθ /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time
  • pronoun
  • Used to refer to two things at the same time

change

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US / tʃeɪndʒ /

UK / tʃendʒ /

A1
  • noun
  • Exchange of one set of clothes for another
  • Money in the form of coins instead of paper
  • Money returned after giving too much
  • Act of making or becoming something else
  • verb
  • To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • To exchange one kind of money for another
  • To replace something with another thing
  • To make or become something else
  • To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

comfortably

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US / ˈkʌmftəbli /

UK / ˈkʌmfɚtəblɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • Having more than enough e.g. money for your needs
  • Not being worried about something; at ease

hold

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US / həʊld /

UK / hold /

A1
  • noun
  • Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
  • Influence or power held over someone
  • Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
  • verb
  • To agree to keep something for someone
  • To have the capacity to support/contain something
  • To control an area and protect it from attack
  • To not allow someone to leave a place
  • To cause an event to happen at a place or time
  • To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
  • To have a specific quality or property
  • To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
  • To have or own something
  • To wait before being able to talk on the phone
  • To limit the movement of someone in a sport

show

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US / ʃəʊ /

UK / ʃo /

A1
  • noun
  • False display of love, emotion or action
  • An event for displaying or promoting goods
  • Play, opera or theater production
  • Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
  • verb
  • To be easily seen or displayed
  • To display your emotions or feelings
  • To let someone see something; display
  • To explain or teach how something is done
  • To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
  • To prove something to be true, correct
  • To reveal or allow something to be seen

result

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US / rɪ'zʌlt /

UK / rɪˈzʌlt /

A2
  • noun
  • Something produced through tests or experiments
  • Final score of a competition, election or game
  • verb
  • To be the outcome of other causes and effects

cap

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US / kæp /

UK / kæp /

B1
  • noun
  • Covering for the end or top of something
  • Small, soft hat often with a front visor or shade
  • An upper limit on the amount of (e.g. budget)
  • verb
  • To cover the top or end of an object
  • To limit the amount of usage of something

option

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US / 'ɒpʃn /

UK / ˈɑpʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • A choice
  • Right to buy or sell at a certain price and time

post

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US / pəʊst /

UK / post /

A1
  • noun
  • Message delivered or shared in an online group
  • Piece of wood, metal in the ground for support
  • Job or position within an organization or company
  • Place where a soldier, etc. is ordered to go
  • verb
  • To send a letter or package using stamps
  • To share a message on an internet discussion group
  • To send a soldier somewhere to do a job
  • To put a message in public for everyone to see

prove

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US / pru:v /

UK / pruv /

A2
  • verb
  • To demonstrate truth by providing evidence

work

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US / wɜ:k /

UK / wɚk /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Activity completed in order to make money
  • noun
  • The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • Everything created by an author, artist, musician
  • Activity you do in order to make money
  • Place of employment
  • Final product or result of a some labor or effort
  • verb
  • To bring into a specific state of success
  • To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
  • To do your job in your company or workplace
  • To make an effort to do something
  • To operate a machine or device

communication

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US / kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn /

UK / kəˌmjunɪˈkeʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Talking to people; giving information to people

introduce

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US / ˌɪntrəˈdju:s /

UK / ˌɪntrəˈdus, -ˈdjus /

A1
  • verb
  • To open an essay to set the scene
  • To guide or explain something, e.g. a town
  • To begin the use of a new thing or practice
  • To make someone known to another by name
  • To insert or put something inside another thing

possible

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US / ˈpɒsəbl /

UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
  • Having a chance of happening, or being true

several

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US / ˈsevrəl /

UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Many of
  • pronoun
  • More than two but not a large amount

speed

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US / spi:d /

UK / spid /

A2
  • noun
  • How fast or slow something is or is done
  • verb
  • To move quickly when completing an action
  • To drive a vehicle faster than laws allow

bring

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US / brɪŋ /

UK / brɪŋ /

A1
  • verb
  • To take or go with someone to a place

naive

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US / naɪˈi:v /

UK / nɑˈiv /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Unsophisticated; innocent and unknowing

take

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US / teɪk /

UK / tek /

A1
  • noun
  • Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
  • verb
  • To accept something that is offered
  • To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
  • To use a camera to make (a photo)
  • To pick up something and go away with it
  • To study a subject in school
  • To attempt to pass (an exam)
  • To require a certain amount of time, money, space

wealth

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US / welθ /

UK / wɛlθ /

A2
  • noun
  • Amount of money or possessions you own, e.g. large
  • Great quantity, amount, or number of something

constructor

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US / kənˈstrʌktə(r) /

UK / kən'strʌktə /

B2
  • noun
  • Someone who builds things, like houses

error

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US / ˈerə(r) /

UK / ˈɛrɚ /

A2
  • noun
  • Something that is not correct; a mistake

neither

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US / ˈnaɪðə(r) /

UK / ˈniðɚ, ˈnaɪ- /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Not one or the other not either none of two things
  • adverb
  • Similarly not, also not
  • conjunction
  • Not in either case
  • determiner
  • Not one or the other
  • pronoun
  • Not either one

sleep

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US / sli:p /

UK / slip /

A1
  • noun
  • Substance in a person's eyes after waking up
  • Period of time during which a person is asleep
  • verb
  • To have enough beds for
  • To rest your body in bed, as at night time

they

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US / ðeɪ /

UK / ðe /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Two or more people, animals, or things

lobby

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US / ˈlɒbi /

UK / ˈlɑ:bi /

B1
  • noun
  • Main entrance and waiting room of public building
  • Group employed to persuade people to change laws
  • verb
  • To try to persuade a government to change laws

look

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US / lʊk /

UK / lʊk /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
  • Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
  • The way someone, something appears to be
  • Act of searching for or examining something
  • verb
  • To appear to be; seem

thank

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US / θæŋk /

UK / θæŋk /

A1
  • verb
  • To tell someone you are grateful to them

underlie

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US / ˌʌndəˈlaɪ /

UK / ˌʌndərˈlaɪ /

B1
  • verb
  • To be the basis, foundation or cause of something
  • To lie or exist beneath

all

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US / ɔ:l /

UK / ɔl /

A1
  • adverb
  • Completely; totally
  • determiner
  • Being every one of something
  • pronoun
  • 100% of something; the complete amount

chance

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US / tʃɑ:ns /

UK / tʃæns /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Happening by luck; not planned
  • Taking a risk to try something
  • noun
  • The way something happens without planning
  • An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
  • The possibility that something will happen
  • verb
  • To occur just through luck; happen
  • To take a risk to try something

engine

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US / 'endʒɪn /

UK / ˈɛndʒɪn /

A2
  • noun
  • Machine that changes energy into mechanical motion
  • The part of a train that pulls railway cars

drop

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US / drɒp /

UK / drɑp /

A1
  • noun
  • Distance between a higher and a lower level
  • Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
  • A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
  • Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
  • verb
  • To drive someone to a place and then drive away
  • To let something fall from your hand
  • To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
  • To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
  • To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality

fast

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US / fɑ:st /

UK / fæst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In a way that is difficult to move or change
  • Moving or able to move quickly
  • Showing time that is later than the actual time
  • adverb
  • With a great deal of speed
  • noun
  • Period of time when a person chooses not to eat
  • verb
  • To refuse food for a long time

its

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US / ɪts /

UK / ɪts /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
  • determiner
  • Of something; belonging or related to something
  • other
  • Possessive form of “it”

officer

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US / ˈɒfɪsə(r) /

UK / ˈɔ:fɪsə(r) /

B1
  • noun
  • Person of high position in an organization
  • Person of high position in the military

return

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US / rɪ'tɜ:n /

UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Do again; repeated
  • noun
  • Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
  • Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
  • Profit made as a result of a business activity
  • Process of going back to a previous way or state
  • verb
  • To hit something back to the other player or team
  • To come back after being away from somewhere
  • To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
  • To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
  • To occur again

top

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US / tɒp /

UK / tɑp /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being good or great; excellent
  • Being the most in degree or quality
  • noun
  • Item of clothing covering shoulders to waist, hips
  • A cover or lid
  • Part (e.g. road) that is the furthest away
  • Highest or upper part or point of something
  • Best or highest status or position
  • Flat upper surface or edge of an object
  • Child's toy that spins on its point
  • Upper section or leaves of fruits and vegetables
  • Winning in a sport or contest
  • verb
  • To be higher or larger than a specific value
  • To arrive at the highest point of something
  • To put a cover or layer or over something
  • To kill; murder
  • To hold the highest position on a list
  • To be more important, successful or better than
  • To beat someone or win at a game

who

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US / hu: /

UK / hu /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Which person
  • Used to introduce information about people

albeit

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US / ˌɔ:lˈbi:ɪt /

UK / ɔlˈbiɪt, æl- /

B1
  • conjunction
  • Way to say 'even though' or 'although'

career

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US / kə'rɪə(r) /

UK / kəˈrɪr /

A2
  • noun
  • Particular occupation in professional life
  • verb
  • To move forward very fast and without control

instil

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US / ɪnˈstɪl /

UK / ɪnˈstɪl /

B2
  • verb
  • To give a quality by example or teaching

just

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US / dʒʌst /

UK / dʒʌst /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
  • Doing or being what is right or fair
  • Legally correct; having enough evidence
  • adverb
  • Almost; nearly
  • Exactly at the time of
  • Exactly (the same as, like)

talk

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US / tɔ:k /

UK / tɔk /

A1
  • noun
  • Style of speaking
  • Discussion between two countries
  • Giving information in front of people; lecture
  • Saying things or ideas to someone with words
  • verb
  • To make a formal speech about something
  • To say things or ideas to someone with words

defy

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US / dɪ'faɪ /

UK / dɪˈfaɪ /

B1
  • verb
  • To refuse to obey; be resistant to

much

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US / mʌtʃ /

UK / mʌtʃ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Very; to a high level or degree
  • adverb
  • A lot; large amount; a high degree of
  • Nearly; basically
  • On many occasions; often
  • noun
  • A large amount; a great quantity

ocean

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US / 'əʊʃn /

UK / ˈoʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Large body of salt water; a large sea

strong

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US / strɒŋ /

UK / strɔŋ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • (Of tea or beer) dark or thick
  • Having big muscles; physically powerful

system

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US / 'sɪstəm /

UK / ˈsɪstəm /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Working in an organized, logical way
  • noun
  • Set of organized, planned ideas that work together

under

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US / ˈʌndə(r) /

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • In the same place as another thing, but lower
  • adverb
  • In a lower quantity or price than expected
  • preposition
  • According to the terms of an agreement or law
  • Managed or controlled by the authority of
  • Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
  • Influenced or affected by something or someone
  • Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

delighted

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US / dɪˈlaɪtɪd /

UK / dɪˈlaɪtɪd /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Greatly pleased; filled with wonder and delight
  • verb
  • To give someone pleasure or joy

downplay

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US / ˌdaʊnˈpleɪ /

UK / ˈdaʊnˌple /

C2
  • verb
  • To suggest something is not a serious as thought

package

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US / ˈpækɪdʒ /

UK / ˈpækɪdʒ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Presented as one item but includes several
  • noun
  • Box or container items are placed in for mailing
  • A container for items for sale, e.g. food
  • Group of several items or services offered as one
  • verb
  • To present or sell a group of things as one item
  • To put something into a container to store it

set

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US / set /

UK / sɛt /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Prepared for something; ready
  • noun
  • Complete group of something
  • Place where a television show or movie is filmed
  • Group of games in a tennis match
  • Device that receives radio or television signals
  • verb
  • To make a clock state or ring at a particular time
  • To decide upon or choose something
  • To make something ready for use (e.g. table)
  • To decide on a price for something
  • To become hard (of glue, concrete etc.)
  • To be located in a specific place or time
  • To put (e.g. a vase) down carefully in a place
  • To put someone in a certain condition or state
  • (Of the sun) to go lower than the horizon

limit

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US / 'lɪmɪt /

UK / ˈlɪmɪt /

A2
  • noun
  • Point beyond which it is not possible to go
  • verb
  • To stop or prevent an increase past a point

since

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US / sɪns /

UK / sɪns /

A1
  • adverb
  • At a point before the present time
  • conjunction
  • For this reason; because
  • preposition
  • From the time in the past that

start

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US / stɑ:t /

UK / stɑrt /

A1
  • noun
  • First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
  • First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
  • Sudden action or movement because you are scared
  • other
  • Beginning of something in place or time
  • verb
  • To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
  • To turn something on

well

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US / wel /

UK / wɛl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
  • Healthy and in good condition
  • adverb
  • In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
  • In a complete, total, or full manner
  • A great and considerable degree
  • In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
  • exclamation
  • Used to begin or continue a particular statement
  • Used to show you want to start saying something
  • Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
  • You say this to change the topic of a conversation
  • Used to indicate you are making a final remark
  • noun
  • Long deep hole in the ground to get water
  • verb
  • To cause your eyes to fill with tears

interim

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US / ˈɪntərɪm /

UK / ˈɪntərɪm /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Acting or being used for a limited period of time

question

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US / 'kwestʃən /

UK / ˈkwɛstʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Issue or problems you are dealing with
  • What you ask about; issue
  • verb
  • To ask for or try to get information
  • To have or express concerns or uncertainty

pace

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US / peɪs /

UK / pes /

A2
  • noun
  • Rate of speed at which something moves or happens
  • Single step, often used to measure a distance
  • verb
  • To set and control your speed, as in a race
  • To walk with slow purposeful steps

rear

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US / rɪə(r) /

UK / rɪr /

A2
  • noun
  • Part of the human body that you sit on; buttocks
  • verb
  • To care for a young animal, child into adulthood
  • (Of horse) to raise the body up on the back legs

rebuild

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US / ˌri:'bɪld /

UK / riˈbɪld /

A2
  • verb
  • To get back something that was lost, e.g. trust
  • To repair something that was damaged or destroyed

situation

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US / ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn /

UK / ˌsɪtʃuˈeʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Place, position or area that something is in
  • Circumstance or condition surrounding an event
  • An unexpected problem or difficulty

struggle

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US / 'strʌɡl /

UK / ˈstrʌɡəl /

A2
  • noun
  • Strong efforts made to do something difficult
  • verb
  • To try very hard to do something difficult

title

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US / 'taɪtl /

UK / ˈtaɪtl /

A2
  • noun
  • Book produced by a publisher
  • Name given to something to identify or describe it
  • Name showing profession, marriage or social status
  • (Legal) the right to own something, e.g. property
  • Position of being the winner in a sport or contest
  • verb
  • To give a name to identify or describe something

flatter

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US / 'flætə(r) /

UK / ˈflætɚ /

B2
  • verb
  • To praise in a rather false way, to get something

mercedes

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US / /

UK / /

A1

regularly

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US / ˈregjələli /

UK / ˈregjələrli /

B1
  • adverb
  • At the usual time each day, week, or month

those

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US / ðəʊz /

UK / ðoz /

A1
  • determiner
  • The people or things we are talking about
  • pronoun
  • The objects far from the speaker

turmoil

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US / ˈtɜ:mɔɪl /

UK / ˈtɚˌmɔɪl /

B2
  • noun
  • Very confused situation where things are not clear

frequently

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US / ˈfri:kwəntli /

UK / ˈfrikwəntlɪ /

A2
  • adverb
  • Often; regularly

for

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US / fə(r) /

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1
  • preposition
  • Used to show the purpose, or need of something

rank

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US / ræŋk /

UK / ræŋk /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Complete and total; very obvious
  • Growing out of control
  • (Of a smell) very bad; pungent; stinking
  • noun
  • Group of people with a certain level of status
  • Level or position, as in society/sport competition
  • A place for taxis to wait for customers
  • Row in which people stand side by side, as in army
  • verb
  • To rate or class things
  • To assign a level or status, as of importance, to
  • To put items into a sequence, e.g. of importance

time

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US / taɪm /

UK / taɪm /

A1
  • noun
  • Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
  • Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
  • Occasion when something happens
  • Period or occasion that something occurred
  • Period in history or the past
  • Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
  • How long an event takes; duration
  • verb
  • To check speed at which music is performed
  • To choose a specific moment to do something
  • To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
  • To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

through

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US / θru: /

UK / θru /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • having finished using or doing something
  • adverb
  • From the beginning of something until the end
  • preposition
  • Over, in, across an entire thing or place
  • Allowing you to pass between, or to
  • By a particular way or process; by the use of

brake

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US / breɪk /

UK / brek /

A2
  • noun
  • Mechanism on car, train, bike to make it slow down
  • verb
  • To stop or slow down a car when driving

head

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US / hed /

UK / hɛd /

A1
  • noun
  • Counter for the number of cattle
  • Natural mental ability or intelligence
  • Leader or person with the greatest authority
  • Mind; mental ability; mental state
  • Side of a coin with a head on it
  • Top part of your body with eyes and a mouth
  • Starting point of something, e.g. a river
  • verb
  • To hit a ball with your head in a game
  • To be first or at the front or top (e.g. a list)
  • To travel or move toward a particular place; To go in a particular direction
  • To become the leader of something
  • To lead or be responsible for something

score

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US / skɔ:(r) /

UK / skɔr, skor /

A2
  • noun
  • A sharp mark or cut in the surface of something
  • Current number of points given in a game, contest
  • The written notes and parts of a piece of music
  • An achievement of success
  • Number of points on a test
  • verb
  • To mark or cut something with a sharp object
  • To get or give points in a game, contest, or test
  • To achieve success with something
  • To get points in a test

success

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US / sək'ses /

UK / səkˈsɛs /

A2
  • noun
  • Achievement of a desired purpose or goal
  • A successful person; one who achieved their aims

period

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US / ˈpɪəriəd /

UK / ˈpɪriəd /

A1
  • noun
  • Set amount of time during which events take place
  • A way to emphasize what you will say
  • A full stop (.), marking the end of a sentence
  • A menstrual cycle
  • A set time for a class to be held

turbocharger

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US / ˈtɜːbəʊtʃɑːdʒə(r) /

UK / ˈtɜːrboʊtʃɑːrdʒər /

C1
  • noun
  • Device that increases the power of an engine

personal

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US / ˈpɜ:sənl /

UK / ˈpɚsənəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Done by or to a particular person; individual
  • Concerning a person's private life or feelings

improvement

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US / ɪmˈpru:vmənt /

UK / ɪmˈpruvmənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Addition or change that makes something better

job

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US / dʒɒb /

UK / dʒɑ:b /

A1
  • noun
  • Something that must be done
  • Regular work at which you earn money

aero

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US / 'eərəʊ /

UK / 'eroʊ /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Of or relating to flying in aircraft

capital

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US / 'kæpɪtl /

UK / ˈkæpɪtl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Main, or major
  • noun
  • Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
  • Official main city of a country, province or state
  • Collective name for money, shares, and assets
  • Money that is used for a business

forward

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US / 'fɔ:wəd /

UK / ˈfɔrwəd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Toward what is ahead; in front
  • Acting in a socially aggressive manner; pushy
  • adverb
  • Toward the front in place; in front
  • Toward a future time; to a more advanced state
  • verb
  • To send something to another address or person

into

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US / 'ɪntə /

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1
  • preposition
  • Moving or going inside something
  • In the same direction as; in the direction of
  • So as to become; taking the state of

one

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US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn /

A1
  • pronoun
  • You; we; people in general; someone
  • The thing or person previously referred to
  • adjecitve
  • Used to refer to people generally
  • Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
  • number
  • Number 1

relative

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US / ˈrelətɪv /

UK / ˈrɛlətɪv /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Measured or considered in comparison to another
  • (Grammar) referring to words that appear earlier
  • noun
  • Members of the family
  • Humans or animals sharing the same family history

than

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US / ðən /

UK / ðən /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Used to compare two things that are not equal

won

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US / wʌn /

UK / wʌn, won /

A1
  • verb
  • To gain something you want because of your efforts
  • To succeed in a game or contest

attempt

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US / ə'tempt /

UK / əˈtɛmpt /

A2
  • noun
  • Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
  • verb
  • To try to do something challenging or difficult

also

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US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition; too; in a similar way

baku

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US / bʌˈkuː /

UK / bɑˈku /

A1
  • proper noun
  • The capital of Azerbaijan, on the Caspian Sea; population 1,917,000 (est. 2008). It is an industrial

five

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US / faɪv /

UK / faɪv /

A1
  • number
  • 5

january

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US / ˈdʒænjuəri /

UK / ˈdʒænjueri /

A1
  • noun
  • 1st month of the year

how

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US / haʊ /

UK / haʊ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • To what degree? in what amount?
  • adverb
  • (Used to explain the way to do something)
  • exclamation
  • For what purpose or reason?
  • (Used to ask someone or something's condition)

maximum

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US / ˈmæksɪməm /

UK / ˈmæksəməm /

A2
  • noun
  • Largest or highest number or amount of something

simply

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US / ˈsɪmpli /

UK / ˈsɪmpli /

A1
  • adverb
  • In an easy or clear manner

technical

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US / ˈteknɪkl /

UK / ˈtɛknɪkəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Complex; difficult to understand
  • Of practical use of machine/science in industry

year

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US / jə: /

UK / jɪr /

A1
  • noun
  • Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
  • Used to refer to the age of a person

you

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US / jʊ /

UK / ju /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Person someone is speaking or writing to
  • Person or people in general

expose

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US / ɪk'spəʊz /

UK / ɪkˈspoʊz /

A2
  • noun
  • News article revealing secret information
  • verb
  • To make visible, without covering or protection
  • To allow light through a cameras lens onto film
  • To be talked about in the media
  • To make a secret known to the public
  • To experience something, often a harmful thing

congratulate

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US / kən'grætjʊˌleɪt /

UK / kənˈɡrætʃəˌlet, -ˈɡrædʒ-, kəŋ- /

B2
  • verb
  • To say 'well done' to if a good thing happened

midfield

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US / ˈmɪdfiːld /

UK / ˈmɪdfiːld /

B2
  • noun
  • Middle part of a playing field, e.g. in football

judge

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US / dʒʌdʒ /

UK / dʒʌdʒ /

A2
  • noun
  • Person who decides on the results of a contest
  • Person who has the power to make a decision
  • verb
  • To reach a decision about who won a contest
  • To form an opinion after careful consideration
  • To make a decision in court

play

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US / pleɪ /

UK / pleɪ /

A1
  • noun
  • Loose, free movement between two objects
  • Single action in a sports game
  • Performance in which people act in a theater
  • verb
  • To act as a character in a movie, or on stage
  • To perform music on an instrument
  • To use a device, e.g. a video game
  • To do something for enjoyment and fun
  • To do or perform a game or sport

ready

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US / 'redɪ /

UK / ˈrɛdi /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being likely or about to do something
  • Being willing to do a task
  • verb
  • To prepare something for use or action

rudderless

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US / ˈrʌdələs /

UK / ˈrʌdərləs /

A1
  • adjecitve

this

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US / ðɪs /

UK / ðɪs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Used to indicate something already been discussed
  • Used to indicate something happening around now
  • adverb
  • An indication by a physical motion or gesture
  • A specific amount of
  • determiner
  • Person, thing, or idea near you
  • pronoun
  • Person, thing that has already been discussed

weekend

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US / ˌwi:kˈend /

UK / ˈwi:kend /

A2
  • noun
  • Saturday and Sunday, after the normal working week

accept

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US / ək'sept /

UK / ækˈsɛpt /

A1
  • verb
  • To agree to receive or take something offered
  • To admit that something is true or correct

effective

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US / ɪˈfektɪv /

UK / ɪˈfɛktɪv /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Working efficiently to produce a desired result

candidate

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US / ˈkændɪdət /

UK / ˈkændɪˌdet, -dɪt /

B1
  • noun
  • Politician who is running for public office

commercial

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US / kəˈmə:ʃəl /

UK / kəˈmɚʃəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • noun
  • Radio or television advertisement

grand

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US / ɡrænd /

UK / ɡrænd /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • A counter for 1000 of something
  • Great in amount, number or size
  • Being highest in status or rank; impressive

level

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US / 'levl /

UK / ˈlɛvəl /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • (Sports) equal to another
  • Being steady and determined (e.g. a voice)
  • noun
  • Specific height of something
  • Amount of ability you have compared to others
  • Floor or deck within a building
  • Tool used to determine if something is lying flat
  • verb
  • To aim a gun at someone
  • To destroy a building; flatten an area completely
  • To make things flat or even
  • To make a score equal to another, in sports

sharpen

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US / 'ʃɑ:pən /

UK / ˈʃɑrpən /

A2
  • verb
  • To make something more pointed, e.g. a pencil

timescale

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US / ˈtaɪmskeɪl /

UK / ˈtaɪmskeɪl /

C1
  • noun
  • Length of time something will take

unremarkable

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US / ˌʌnrɪˈmɑ:kəbl /

UK / ˌʌnrɪˈmɑ:rkəbl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Not special or unusual

aerodynamic

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US / ˌeərəʊdaɪ'næmɪk /

UK / ˌeəroʊdaɪ'næmɪk /

C1
  • adjecitve
  • Efficiently designed to move through the air

make

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US / meɪk /

UK / mek /

A1
  • noun
  • Product made by a particular company; brand
  • verb
  • To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • To get to (a place) on time
  • To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
  • To create something by putting things together
  • To earn a certain amount of money at a job
  • To cause or force a person to do something
  • To cause something to happen or be formed

order

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US / 'ɔ:də(r) /

UK / ˈɔrdɚ /

A1
  • noun
  • Religious or social group, as of nuns
  • Instructions to others to do what you want
  • State in which things are neat and organized
  • What you ask to buy, e.g. food in restaurant
  • Social or political control of an area
  • verb
  • To put things in a sequence, e.g. a, b, c
  • To give instructions to others to do what you want
  • To ask for something you want to buy, e.g. a meal

run

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US / rʌn /

UK / rʌn /

A1
  • noun
  • Journey between two places made by ship or car
  • Series of similar things or successes and failures
  • Act of running; exercise of running
  • verb
  • To depart or travel according to a schedule
  • To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
  • (Of an engine) to be operating
  • To start or use a computer program
  • To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
  • To manage or operate a business
  • To operate or drive something
  • (Of a road) to go from one place to another
  • To move your legs faster than walking

although

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US / ɔ:lˈðəu /

UK / ɔlˈðo /

A1
  • conjunction
  • Despite the fact that; however

badly

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US / ˈbædli /

UK / ˈbædli /

A1
  • adverb
  • Not in a good way; not as wanted or liked
  • To a severe degree; very much
  • In an unkind or unfavorable manner

giant

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US / 'dʒaɪənt /

UK / ˈdʒaɪənt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Very large, or much bigger than other things
  • noun
  • Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
  • Very successful, powerful person or organization

less

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US / les /

UK / lɛs /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Smaller in amount or degree
  • adverb
  • To a smaller degree
  • noun
  • A smaller amount
  • preposition
  • With the subtraction of

regard

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US / rɪ'ɡɑ:d /

UK / rɪˈɡɑrd /

A2
  • noun
  • Admiration or respect for a person or thing
  • verb
  • To think about a person, thing in a particular way
  • To look at a person or thing in a particular way

spin

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US / spɪn /

UK / spɪn /

B1
  • noun
  • A dizzy feeling your head is turning around
  • A slant or hidden purpose, as in politicians' talk
  • A movement in a rapid turning motion
  • verb
  • To make a ball rotate when throwing it
  • To feel dizzy/confused, as in my head is spinning
  • To convert material such as cotton into thread
  • To move something in a rapid turning motion

bad

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US / bæd /

UK / bæd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not good; wrong
  • Lacking in good morals; evil
  • No longer fresh; spoiled

equitably

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US / ˈekwɪtəbli /

UK / ˈekwɪtəbli /

B2
  • adverb
  • In an equitable manner; fairly; justly

confident

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US / ˈkɒnfɪdənt /

UK / ˈkɑnfɪdənt /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Feeling that you can do well at something

mclaren

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US / ˈpʊʃpɪn /

UK / ˈpʊʃˌpɪn /

A1

prix

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US / pri: /

UK / pri: /

A1
  • noun
  • (In titles) a competition in which a prize is won

season

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US / ˈsi:zn /

UK / ˈsizən /

A1
  • noun
  • One of Spring, Summer, Autumn (Fall) and Winter
  • Time of year when something usually happens
  • verb
  • To add pepper and salt to something
  • To prepare wood for use by allowing it to dry

term

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US / tɜ:m /

UK / tɚm /

A1
  • noun
  • Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
  • Length of time something is expected to happen
  • Fixed period of weeks for learning at school
  • The (precise) name given to something
  • verb
  • To call; give a name to

three

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US / θri: /

UK / θri /

A1
  • number
  • Number 3

big

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US / bɪɡ /

UK / bɪɡ /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Popular
  • Serious
  • Large

little

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US / 'lɪtl /

UK / ˈlɪtl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Being short in length of time
  • Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
  • Being very young or younger than others
  • adverb
  • By an amount or degree that is not very much
  • Not often; rarely
  • noun
  • A person's name

investment

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US / ɪnˈvestmənt /

UK / ɪnˈvɛstmənt /

A2
  • noun
  • Something purchased hoping its value will increase
  • Act of giving time, energy to see a future reward

james

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US / dʒeimz /

UK / dʒemz /

A1
  • proper noun
  • The name of seven Stuart kings of Scotland.
  • The name of two kings of England, Ireland, and Scotland.

newly

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US / ˈnu:li:, ˈnju:- /

UK / ˈnuli, ˈnju- /

A2
  • adverb
  • Very recently; just done or made

the

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US / ðə /

UK / ðə /

A1
  • article
  • Used to refer to something already mentioned
  • Used to show there is only one of something
  • determiner
  • Used to describe all of a family

person

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US / 'pɜ:sn /

UK / 'pɜ:rsn /

A1
  • noun
  • Man, woman or child

point

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US / pɔɪnt /

UK / pɔɪnt /

A1
  • noun
  • An item to be discussed
  • Small spot or dot
  • Fact or detail
  • Feature of something
  • The size of the text on a page or screen
  • A certain time or stage in a process
  • Certain position in time or space
  • Idea or fact you try to convince people about
  • Measurement of scores in a game, sport
  • Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
  • verb
  • To face a certain direction, e.g. north
  • To indicate something with your finger to others

regulation

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US / ˌregjuˈleɪʃn /

UK / ˌrɛɡjəˈleʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of controlling something with rules or orders
  • other

third

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US / θɜ:d /

UK / θɜ:rd /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • 3rd: Number after second

revenue

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US / 'revənju: /

UK / ˈrevənju /

A2
  • noun
  • Money that is made by or paid to a business
  • Money a government collects from its people

consider

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US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

A1
  • verb
  • To think carefully about something

foolish

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US / ˈfu:lɪʃ /

UK / ˈfulɪʃ /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • Lacking good sense or judgment; not sensible

reality

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US / rɪ'ælətɪ /

UK / riˈælɪti /

A2
  • noun
  • What is true, as opposed to what is imagined

among

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US / əˈmʌŋ /

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

A1
  • preposition
  • In the center of several things

available

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US / əˈveɪləbl /

UK / əˈveləbəl /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Present and able to be used
  • Able to be used at a scheduled time

chief

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US / tʃi:f /

UK / tʃif /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • The one highest in authority or importance
  • noun
  • Leader of a race or group of people
  • The one highest in authority or importance

new

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US / nju: /

UK / nu, nju /

A1
  • adjecitve
  • Not old, recently born, built or made
  • Being or doing something for the first time
  • Not felt, seen or known previously
  • Having been recently bought or obtained

production

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US / prəˈdʌkʃn /

UK / prəˈdʌkʃən, pro- /

A2
  • noun
  • Process of producing or growing food naturally
  • Process of making something on a large scale
  • Process of making a movie or TV show

position

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US / pəˈzɪʃn /

UK / pəˈzɪʃən /

A1
  • noun
  • Person's opinion or attitude about something
  • Specific location where someone or something is
  • Where you play or your role on a sports team
  • Person's job or status level
  • Set of conditions affecting what you can (not) do
  • verb
  • To put in a particular location or direction

supply

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US / sə'plaɪ /

UK / səˈplaɪ /

A2
  • noun
  • Availability of products and services for use
  • Specific things needed to perform a certain task
  • verb
  • To give or sell goods to others for their use

performance

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US / pə'fɔ:məns /

UK / pɚˈfɔrməns /

A2
  • noun
  • Act of doing something
  • Activity done to entertain an audience

after

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US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /

UK / ˈæftɚ /

A1
  • adverb
  • Later than another time, or behind something
  • conjunction
  • Following something before
  • preposition
  • When an event happened or time has passed

appear

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US / ə'pɪə(r) /

UK / əˈpɪr /

A1
  • verb
  • To be seen, become visible; come into sight
  • To seem to be
  • To act in a play, movie, or be mentioned in media

describe

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US / dɪ'skraɪb /

UK / dɪˈskraɪb /

A1
  • verb
  • To tell the appearance, sound, smell of something

director

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US / də'rektə(r) /

UK / dɪˈrɛktɚ, daɪ- /

A2
  • noun
  • Senior person who manages part of an organization
  • Person who controls the acting in a movie or play

indeed

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US / ɪnˈdi:d /

UK / ɪnˈdid /

A2
  • adverb
  • Actually; in fact; in reality

hydraulic

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US / haɪˋdrɔlɪk /

UK / haɪˋdrɔlɪk /

B2
  • adjecitve
  • Of a system operated by water or other liquids

itself

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US / ɪtˈself /

UK / ɪtˈsɛlf /

A1
  • pronoun
  • Referring to it

processes

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US / ˈprəʊsesɪz , prəˈsesɪz /

UK / ˈprɑːsesɪz , prəˈsesɪz /

B1
  • other
  • Sets of changes that occur slowly and naturally
  • verb
  • To organize and use data in a computer
  • To deal with official forms in the way required
  • To prepare by treating something in a certain way
  • To adopt a set of actions that produce a result
  • To convert by putting something through a machine

many

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US / 'menɪ /

UK / ˈmɛni /

A1
  • determiner
  • Used to refer a large number of things

team

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US / ti:m /

UK / tim /

A1
  • noun
  • Group of people working on a task together
  • Group of people playing a sport together

will

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US / wɪl /

UK / wɪl /

A1
  • noun
  • Desire or choice of someone
  • Document saying who gets your money when you die
  • Strong desire to do something; determination
  • Desire to do something; strong wish to do
  • other
  • Used with verbs to express the future
  • verb
  • To leave property to someone after your death
  • To use mental effort to make something happen
  • Am (is, are) likely to do
  • To influence someone to do something
  • To make something happen by strongly wanting it

divide

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US / dɪ'vaɪd /

UK / dɪˈvaɪd /

A2
  • verb
  • To split numbers by another number, e.g. 6 / 2 = 3
  • To separate something into equal pieces

four

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US / fɔ:(r) /

UK / fɔr, for /

A1
  • number
  • 4

maison

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US / ˈmeɪzən /

UK / /

A1
  • noun
  • A business (especially a fashion) house or firm.

probably

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US / ˈprɒbəbli /

UK / ˈprɑbəbli /

A1
  • adverb
  • That is likely to happen or be true

once

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US / wʌns /

UK / wʌns /

A1
  • adverb
  • One time; one instance
  • At a time in the past
  • conjunction
  • When; as soon as

restriction

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US / rɪˈstrɪkʃn /

UK / rɪˈstrɪkʃən /

A2
  • noun
  • Law or rule that controls or limits something

sunday

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US / ˈsʌndeɪ /

UK / ˈsʌndi, -ˌde /

A1
  • noun
  • Seventh day of the week, the day after Saturday

wait

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US / weɪt /

UK / wet /

A1
  • verb
  • To delay or not do something until later
  • To spend time until an expected thing happens
  • To remain in a place until a thing happens

while

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US / waɪl /

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

A1
  • conjunction
  • In spite of the fact that; although
  • During the time that; at the same time
  • noun
  • Short amount of time

exactly

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US / ɪgˈzæktli /

UK / ɪɡˈzæktli /

A1
  • adverb
  • No more and no less than; precisely

race

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US / reɪs /

UK / res /

A2
  • noun
  • Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
  • People who share physical features or culture
  • verb
  • To take part in a running or swimming competition
  • To move or go at a very fast pace
  • To take someone, something to a place very quickly

should

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US / ʃʊd /

UK / ʃʊd /

A1
  • other
  • Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

williams

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US / ˈwɪljəmz /

UK / ˈwɪljəmz /

A1
  • noun
  • A dessert pear of an early green variety.

bonus

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US / ˈbəʊnəs /

UK / ˈboʊnəs /

A2
  • noun
  • Extra money for achieving, exceeding targets

confirmation

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US / ˌkɒnfəˈmeɪʃn /

UK / ˌkɑ:nfərˈmeɪʃn /

B1
  • noun
  • Approval or check of something
  • Statement something is real, true or accurate

integral

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US / ˈɪntɪgrəl /

UK / ˈɪntɪɡrəl, ɪnˈtɛɡrəl /

B1
  • adjecitve
  • Being an essential part of something; necessary

realize

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US / 'ri:əlaɪz /

UK / ˈriəˌlaɪz /

A1
  • verb
  • To become aware of or understand mentally

speak

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US / spi:k /

UK / spik /

A1
  • verb
  • To be able to use a certain language
  • To use words to tell information, express thoughts

use

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US / ju:s /

UK / ju:s /

A1
  • noun
  • Ability to employ something
  • Need to enable it to work
  • Permission to do something with something
  • Act of spending money
  • Operation of a machine for its function
  • verb
  • To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
  • To need to operate or work
  • To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
  • To treat a person badly
  • To do something with, for a task or purpose

bahrain

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US / bɑ:ˈreɪn /

UK / bɑˈren /

A1
  • other
  • An island country in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia; oil revenues funded progressive
  • An island in the Persian Gulf

area

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US / 'eərɪə /

UK / ˈɛriə /

A1
  • noun
  • Amount of measured space
  • A specific section or space; part of a region
  • A subject or field of study

feel

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US / fi:l /

UK / fil /

A1
  • verb
  • To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
  • To sense through direct contact; touch

lap

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US / læp /

UK / læp /

B1
  • noun
  • A gentle repeated motion against something
  • Area between the waist and knees when seated
  • Single trip around a track or swimming pool
  • verb
  • (Of water) to move in a gentle repeated motion
  • To drink with the tongue like a cat
  • To go one more lap further than another racer

past

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US / pɑ:st /

UK / pæst /

A2
  • adjecitve
  • No longer current or new
  • adverb
  • So as to go beyond, or further than something
  • noun
  • Time that existed before now, e.g. long ago
  • preposition
  • After a particular time
  • At a later point in distance; beyond

too

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US / tu: /

UK / tu /

A1
  • adverb
  • In addition, also; with emphasis
  • Say that something is more than you want

wheel

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US / wi:l /

UK / wi:l /

A2
  • noun
  • Round thing that rolls, used for moving things
  • verb
  • To move something which has wheels or is on wheels
  • To turn or cause to turn something in a circle
  • Subtitles section
  • Williams started the year with no team principal, no technical director and no hope.
  • Nothing that happened during pre-season testing, after which the race ranked it as the worst performing team, changed that perception.
  • Even Alex Alban accepted that Williams would be last, given it appeared to have the slowest car, albeit with the hope that it could be a stronger last.
  • This wasn't downplaying things, as the team's own analysis also had it at the back.
  • But two races into 2023 and Williams has defied expectations, with the team's strongest start to the year since 2017 and a car that was a point threat in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.
  • So how has what appeared to be a rudderless ship in January become one of the surprises of the season?
  • One way Williams has lived up to expectations is by having the slowest car, albeit not by much.
  • In both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, Williams was slowest, based on a comparison of each team's fastest lap.
  • But it was a close-run thing, and the car proved effective in race conditions.
  • In Bahrain, the Williams FW45 showed Q2 pace and was strong in race trim, Alban finished 10th, having run in the points for two thirds of the race, with Sargent a respectable 12th.
  • Williams had the underlying speed to achieve a similar result in Saudi Arabia.
  • But qualifying went badly, with Sargent setting a time that would have comfortably seen him through to Q2, only to exceed track limits, then make errors on his subsequent laps.
  • Alban was confident heading into qualifying, but struggled for rear grip, and was also eliminated.
  • Alban ran 12th after the safety car, although dropped to 13th thanks to wheel spin at the restart, then retired with a brake problem.
  • Sargent finished 16th after starting at the back.
  • But with a smooth qualifying and race, the team felt points were possible.
  • Alban even described the car in the race as the best it's felt since joining Williams last year.
  • A return of one point in two races is unremarkable in itself, but it is better than was expected.
  • And it puts Williams ahead of both McLaren and Alfatari in the Constructors' Championship and level on points with Haas.
  • It would be naive to assume Williams can keep up this level of performance.
  • It has improved on last year in terms of its pace relative to the front, but with McLaren expected to improve once it introduces its upgrade package in Baku, even with this relatively strong start, Williams is in what Valls calls a knife fight to do better than last in the championship.
  • Realistically, the Williams FW45 has probably been flattered so far.
  • It's a car that lacks downforce, and neither Bahrain nor Saudi Arabia are maximum downforce tracks.
  • Also, the Williams cars of recent years have tended to be wind-sensitive, and the uncharacteristically calm conditions on Saturday and Sunday in Bahrain meant that weakness wasn't exposed.
  • So while it would be foolish to assume Williams can be a points threat every weekend, it should at least be in a position to score more frequently than last year when it managed just four top ten finishes.
  • Whether that's enough to do better than last in the championship is another question, but Williams at least has something to fight for this year, which is far more than what most, perhaps even Valls,
  • Expected given the turmoil of the off-season.
  • Much has changed at Williams since the end of last year, with the departure of CEO Jost Capito, technical director FX de Maison and head of aero David Wheater.
  • Valls joined from Mercedes as new team principal, starting work just before pre-season testing.
  • The strong start to the season has little to do with a new regime.
  • Indeed, Wheater posted on LinkedIn after the Bahrain Grand Prix that he was delighted to mark the end of his Williams career with signs of a good season ahead.
  • And Capito replied to that, congratulating both Wheater and FX de Maison.
  • It's clear they all see this as confirmation that they were working in the right direction, and it is to their credit that things have started well.
  • But Valls' regime will be judged on how well the team progresses in the longer term.
  • Valls has several important decisions to make.
  • One of the priorities is to recruit a new technical director and head of aero.
  • Although one hugely experienced technical director is now available in James Key, who has left McLaren, Williams is set to look elsewhere.
  • Valls has regularly talked about the need to facilitate personal growth in F1. Speaking before Key left McLaren, he spoke of potentially going for a candidate that is ready to be technical director, but hasn't yet had the opportunity.
  • With David Warner currently holding the role of interim technical director, Valls and Williams are in no rush.
  • The priority is to recruit the best available technical director and head of aero, and Williams is willing to wait if needed.
  • There's also the need to finalise an engine deal for 2026 onwards.
  • Williams has a supply deal with Mercedes until the end of 2025 and also uses the Mercedes gearbox and hydraulic systems.
  • Most likely, it will remain with Mercedes, having first teamed up with it at the start of the V6 Turbo Hybrid era in 2014, but Valls is rightly evaluating all options.
  • As he put it, if you get your house painted, you should get three quotes, rather than just agreeing with the first person who offers to do the job.
  • Alongside these big decisions, Valls is also attempting to instil the right culture at Williams.
  • This can be an overused phrase for F1 teams, but it's all about bringing a team that last won a race a decade ago and hasn't won a title for a quarter of a century up to date.
  • That includes sharpening up communications internally.
  • Among the areas earmarked for improvement there are the systems for planning and monitoring production and design processes.
  • This is where the most significant work will be done in 2023, with anything achieved on track a bonus.
  • Given Williams has won 114 Grand Prix and 16 World Championships, it's easy to regard it as an F1 giant that's in a fallow period.
  • But it's finished last in the championship in four out of the last five years, and enjoyed most of its success in the 20th century, so it's now one of F1's lesser teams.
  • It can't be considered simply to be a sleeping giant.
  • When Doralton Capital bought the team in 2020, it was with the long-term target of re-emerging as a front-running force, but the timescale to do this is enormous.
  • As Valls has pointed out repeatedly, Williams is a team that has been weakened by years of underinvestment.
  • For Valls, along with newly appointed Chief Operating Officer Frederick Brousseau, who brings a wealth of experience from the aerospace industry, the challenge is to rebuild Williams into a powerhouse.
  • Under Capito's leadership, the talk was of 10-year plans, and Williams has to work based on those timescales.
  • The 2026 regulations overhaul will present a chance to take a step forward, but realistically even then it can only aspire to be a midfield team.
  • The cost cap and aerodynamic testing regulations will help in this quest, and given the commercial agreements that governed F1 from 2014 to 2020 played a big part in Williams struggling financially, so too will the current Concorde agreement that divides the slice of F1's revenue shared by the teams more equitably.
  • But investment and improvement takes time, not least because of the restrictions on capital expenditure under the cost cap.
  • That's something Valls is lobbying to change in order to accelerate the process.
  • Valls knows exactly what a top-line F1 team looks like, having been an integral part of Mercedes for so long.
  • He also knows where Williams really is, having been confronted with the day-to-day reality of its situation since joining.
  • He realises this is going to be a long haul, particularly given this is a team that has had too many false dawns over the past 20 years.
  • A good start to 2023 is barely a drop in the ocean when it comes to fulfilling these ambitions.