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both

US / bəuθ /

•

UK / boθ /

A1

determiner
Used to refer to two things at the same time
pronoun
Used to refer to two things at the same time

change

US / tʃeɪndʒ /

•

UK / tʃendʒ /

A1

noun
Exchange of one set of clothes for another
Money in the form of coins instead of paper
Money returned after giving too much
Act of making or becoming something else
verb
To exchange one set of clothes for another
To exchange one kind of money for another
To replace something with another thing
To make or become something else
To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another

deepen

US / 'di:pən /

•

UK / ˈdipən /

B1

verb
To become louder, lower or greater in degree

insurmountable

US / ˌɪnsəˈmaʊntəbl /

•

UK / ˌɪnsɚˈmaʊntəbəl /

B2

adjecitve
(Of difficulties) impossible to deal with

journalism

US / ˈdʒɜ:nəlɪzəm /

•

UK / ˈdʒɜ:rnəlɪzəm /

B2

noun
Profession of writing or reporting news

military

US / 'mɪlətrɪ /

•

UK / ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri /

B1

adjecitve
Concerning the army or navy
noun
Army or armed forces

numerous

US / ˈnju:mərəs /

•

UK / ˈnumərəs, ˈnju- /

B1

adjecitve
Existing in large numbers

theory

US / ˈθiəri /

•

UK / ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri /

A2

noun
Ideas or principles that explain facts or events

china

US / ˈtʃaɪnə /

•

UK / ˈtʃaɪnə /

A1

noun
A communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the wo
other
High quality porcelain originally made only in China

design

US / dɪˈzaɪn /

•

UK / dɪˈzaɪn /

A1

noun
The way something is planned, to fulfill a purpose
verb
To plan in a particular way to fulfill a purpose
To think of a plan

move

US / mu:v /

•

UK / muv /

A1

noun
Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
An action; doing something
Step taken to achieve a goal
verb
To cause someone to have certain emotions
To cause something to change to a different place
To change where people live or a business operates
To take action to do or achieve something

mishap

US / 'mɪshæp /

•

UK / ˈmɪsˌhæp, mɪsˈhæp /

C1

noun
A small accident

palatable

US / ˈpælətəbl /

•

UK / ˈpælətəbəl /

C1

adjecitve
Acceptable to the taste or mind

organization

US / ˌɔ:gənaɪˈzeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌɔrɡənɪˈzeʃən /

A2

noun
Group of people with a particular purpose

protective

US / prəˈtektɪv /

•

UK / prəˈtɛktɪv /

A2

adjecitve
Serving to defend against harm or danger

reunification

US / ˌri:ˌju:nɪfɪ'keɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌrijunəfəˈkeʃən /

C2

noun
State of putting separate things together again

symptom

US / 'sɪmptəm /

•

UK / ˈsɪmtəm, ˈsɪmp- /

B1

noun
Sign that suggests that there is a problem

their

US / ðɛː /

•

UK / ðer /

A1

determiner
Belonging to them

act

US / ækt /

•

UK / ækt /

A1

noun
What someone did; action; behavior
A law or rule passed by a government we must obey
One of the parts that a stage play is divided into
verb
To behave in a certain way
To perform on a stage or in a movie

attention

US / əˈtenʃn /

•

UK / əˈtɛnʃən /

A2

noun
Taking notice of someone or something
(Soldiers) Standing with straight backs

look

US / lʊk /

•

UK / lʊk /

A1

noun
Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
The way someone, something appears to be
Act of searching for or examining something
verb
To appear to be; seem

nancy

US / ˈnænsi /

•

UK / ˈnænsi, nɑŋˈsi /

A1

adjective
Effeminate.
noun
An effeminate or gay man.
proper noun
A city in northeastern France, chief town of Lorraine; population 107,434 (2006).

proponent

US / prəˈpəʊnənt /

•

UK / prəˈponənt /

B2

noun
Person who supports or argues for something

speaker

US / 'spi:kə(r) /

•

UK / ˈspikɚ /

A1

noun
Electronic device for making or broadcasting sound
Person who makes a speech before a group

coronavirus

US / kɒrənə'vaɪrəs /

•

UK / kɒrənə'vaɪrəs /

A1

noun
Any of a group of RNA viruses that cause a variety of diseases in humans and other animals.

clearly

US / ˈklɪəlɪ /

•

UK / ˈklɪrlɪ /

A1

adverb
In a way that is easy to understand; obviously

fake

US / feɪk /

•

UK / fek /

B1

adjecitve
Not real; made to look like something real
noun
A copy of something made to trick people
verb
To make move in sports to trick a player
To try to trick or deceive someone

possible

US / ˈpɒsəbl /

•

UK / ˈpɑsəbəl /

A1

adjecitve
Being able or appropriate for a task or purpose
Having a chance of happening, or being true

spark

US / spɑ:k /

•

UK / spɑrk /

B1

noun
Small piece of burning material produced by fire
Tiny, brief bit of light caused by electric energy
First small part of an idea or feeling
verb
To make tiny, brief bits of light
To start something new; To set in motion, activate

wednesday

US / ˈwenzdeɪ /

•

UK / ˈwenzdeɪ /

A1

noun
Third day of the week; the day after Tuesday

defense

US / dɪ'fens /

•

UK / dɪˈfɛns /

B1

noun
Argument in support of something
The process of protecting something from attack
Part of a team that prevents others from scoring

deceptively

US / dɪ'septɪvlɪ /

•

UK / dɪˈsɛptɪvlɪ /

B2

adverb
In a misleading way

prove

US / pru:v /

•

UK / pruv /

A2

verb
To demonstrate truth by providing evidence

taiwanese

US / taɪwəˈniːz /

•

UK / ˈtaɪwɑˈniz /

A1

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of Taiwan
noun
Person from Taiwan

work

US / wɜ:k /

•

UK / wɚk /

A1

adjecitve
Activity completed in order to make money
noun
The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
Everything created by an author, artist, musician
Activity you do in order to make money
Place of employment
Final product or result of a some labor or effort
verb
To bring into a specific state of success
To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
To do your job in your company or workplace
To make an effort to do something
To operate a machine or device

all

US / ɔ:l /

•

UK / ɔl /

A1

adverb
Completely; totally
determiner
Being every one of something
pronoun
100% of something; the complete amount

blockade

US / blɒˈkeɪd /

•

UK / blɑ:ˈkeɪd /

B2

noun
Arrangement that blocks or impedes movement
verb
To block or impede the movement of people, objects

chance

US / tʃɑ:ns /

•

UK / tʃæns /

A1

adjecitve
Happening by luck; not planned
Taking a risk to try something
noun
The way something happens without planning
An opportunity; favorable circumstances, situation
The possibility that something will happen
verb
To occur just through luck; happen
To take a risk to try something

election

US / ɪ'lekʃn /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛkʃən /

B1

noun
Process of choosing someone by voting

electoral

US / ɪˈlektərəl /

•

UK / ɪˈlɛktərəl /

B2

adjecitve
Concerning elections

drop

US / drɒp /

•

UK / drɑp /

A1

noun
Distance between a higher and a lower level
Act of letting something fall (from your hand)
A decrease in quantity or quality; reduction
Tiny amount of liquid, with rounded bottom
verb
To drive someone to a place and then drive away
To let something fall from your hand
To fall or lie down quickly, as when shot
To decide to stop something e.g. a course)
To (cause to) reduce in quantity or quality

journey

US / 'dʒɜ:nɪ /

•

UK / ˈdʒɚni /

A2

noun
Act of traveling from one place to another; trip
verb
To travel through a place

its

US / ɪts /

•

UK / ɪts /

A1

adjecitve
Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
determiner
Of something; belonging or related to something
other
Possessive form of “it”

pacific

US / pə'sɪfɪk /

•

UK / pəˈsɪfɪk /

A1

adjecitve
Relating to or bordering the Pacific Ocean
Concerned with peace or of a peaceful nature

who

US / hu: /

•

UK / hu /

A1

pronoun
Which person
Used to introduce information about people

between

US / bɪˈtwi:n /

•

UK / bɪˈtwin /

A1

preposition
From one person, thing, or place, to another
In the space that separates two objects
Among two or more people who share something

everything

US / 'evrɪθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ /

A1

pronoun
All of the things mentioned

neither

US / ˈnaɪðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈniðɚ, ˈnaɪ- /

A2

adjecitve
Not one or the other not either none of two things
adverb
Similarly not, also not
conjunction
Not in either case
determiner
Not one or the other
pronoun
Not either one

risk

US / rɪsk /

•

UK / rɪsk /

A1

noun
Actions that cause potential problems
verb
To do something potentially dangerous or foolish

they

US / ðeɪ /

•

UK / ðe /

A1

pronoun
Two or more people, animals, or things

topic

US / 'tɒpɪk /

•

UK / ˈtɑpɪk /

A2

noun
Subject or issue people talk or write about

bring

US / brɪŋ /

•

UK / brɪŋ /

A1

verb
To take or go with someone to a place

link

US / lɪŋk /

•

UK / lɪŋk /

A2

noun
Any one of the rings that are part of a chain
Connection between two or more things or people
Webpage item you click to go to another webpage
verb
To join or connect together

spot

US / spɒt /

•

UK / spɑt /

A2

noun
A certain place or area
A difficult time; awkward situation
Place or ranking on a list
A small amount of (substance help hard work etc.)
Mark caused by a drop of liquid, food, etc.
verb
To see someone or something by chance

take

US / teɪk /

•

UK / tek /

A1

noun
Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
verb
To accept something that is offered
To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
To use a camera to make (a photo)
To pick up something and go away with it
To study a subject in school
To attempt to pass (an exam)
To require a certain amount of time, money, space

tie

US / taɪ /

•

UK / taɪ /

A2

noun
Item, such as string or wire, used to join things
Strong connection between people, countries
When both sides in a game, vote get same score
One match or game that is part of a bigger contest
Something that lessens a person's freedom
Thin piece of cloth worn round neck of shirt
Piece of wood/metal used to stop something moving
verb
To attach things (together) with a string or rope
To end a game, contest or vote with the same score
To require someone to be in a specific place

assumption

US / ə'sʌmpʃn /

•

UK / əˈsʌmpʃən /

A2

noun
Something you believe to be so, but aren't sure of

bell

US / bel /

•

UK / bɛl /

A2

noun
Metal object shaped like a cup that rings when hit
Electronic device that makes a ringing sound

insist

US / ɪn'sɪst /

•

UK / ɪnˈsɪst /

A2

verb
To demand that someone do something
To strongly state your opinion without changing it

import

US / 'ɪmpɔ:t /

•

UK / ˈɪmpɔrt /

A2

noun
Goods brought into a country from another
Importance of a matter or issue
verb
To bring goods from one country into another

into

US / 'ɪntə /

•

UK / ˈɪntu /

A1

preposition
Moving or going inside something
In the same direction as; in the direction of
So as to become; taking the state of

other

US / 'ʌðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌðər /

A1

adjecitve
A thing different from that mentioned
determiner
(Something) else; not the first (one)
pronoun
Being the one and only thing of that category

quote

US / kwəʊt /

•

UK / kwot /

A2

noun
Written statement of the cost of something
The (often wise or famous) words of another person
verb
To tell someone how much a task will cost
To repeat precisely what a person said or wrote

relative

US / ˈrelətɪv /

•

UK / ˈrɛlətɪv /

A2

adjecitve
Measured or considered in comparison to another
(Grammar) referring to words that appear earlier
noun
Members of the family
Humans or animals sharing the same family history

statistic

US / stəˈtɪstɪk /

•

UK / stəˈtɪstɪk /

B1

noun
Number that represents a piece of information

strength

US / streŋθ /

•

UK / strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ /

A2

noun
Condition of being strong

than

US / ðən /

•

UK / ðən /

A1

conjunction
Used to compare two things that are not equal

also

US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /

•

UK / ˈɔlso /

A1

adverb
In addition; too; in a similar way

attempt

US / ə'tempt /

•

UK / əˈtɛmpt /

A2

noun
Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
verb
To try to do something challenging or difficult

how

US / haʊ /

•

UK / haʊ /

A1

adjecitve
To what degree? in what amount?
adverb
(Used to explain the way to do something)
exclamation
For what purpose or reason?
(Used to ask someone or something's condition)

kind

US / kaɪnd /

•

UK / kaɪnd /

A1

adjecitve
In a caring and helpful manner
friendly and considerate
noun
One type of thing

identify

US / aɪ'dentɪfaɪ /

•

UK / aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ /

B1

verb
To indicate who or what someone or something is

january

US / ˈdʒænjuəri /

•

UK / ˈdʒænjueri /

A1

noun
1st month of the year

therefore

US / ˈðeəfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / ˈðerfɔ:(r) /

A1

adverb
And so; for that reason

temporarily

US / tempəˈrerɪlɪ /

•

UK / tempəˈrerɪlɪ /

A2

adverb
For a limited amount of time

year

US / jə: /

•

UK / jɪr /

A1

noun
Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
Used to refer to the age of a person

you

US / jʊ /

•

UK / ju /

A1

pronoun
Person someone is speaking or writing to
Person or people in general

able

US / 'eɪbl /

•

UK / ˈebəl /

A2

adjecitve
Skilled; good at something
Having the ability to do something

multiple

US / ˈmʌltɪpl /

•

UK / ˈmʌltəpəl /

B1

adjecitve
Having or involving more than one of something
noun
Number produced by multiplying a smaller number
Shop with many branches

restore

US / rɪˈstɔ:(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈstɔr, -ˈstor /

B1

verb
To return a thing to its original condition

three

US / θri: /

•

UK / θri /

A1

number
Number 3

apparently

US / əˈpærəntli /

•

UK / əˈpærəntlɪ /

A2

adverb
According to what you heard; from what can be seen

skyrocket

US / 'skaɪrɒkɪt /

•

UK / ˈskaɪˌrɑkɪt /

A1

verb
(Prices or things) to increase suddenly

state

US / steɪt /

•

UK / stet /

A1

adjecitve
Concerning region within a country
noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in
verb
To say; declare as fact

wane

US / weɪn /

•

UK / wen /

B2

verb
To become smaller, weaker or less

youth

US / ju:θ /

•

UK / juθ /

A2

noun
Being young; time when you are young
Young person or teenager
Quality or state of being young
Boy or a young man

free

US / fri: /

•

UK / fri /

A1

adjecitve
Living, happening without being controlled
Costing no money
Not working; not busy
verb
To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison

incentive

US / ɪnˈsentɪv /

•

UK / ɪnˈsɛntɪv /

B1

noun
Something that encourages you to do something

guardian

US / 'ɡɑ:dɪən /

•

UK / ˈɡɑrdiən /

B1

noun
Person who guards, protects, or preserves

may

US / meɪ /

•

UK / me /

A1

noun
5th month of the year
other
Used to express a desire
Expresses permission, possibility or probability
Used to show that a thing could be true

play

US / pleɪ /

•

UK / pleɪ /

A1

noun
Loose, free movement between two objects
Single action in a sports game
Performance in which people act in a theater
verb
To act as a character in a movie, or on stage
To perform music on an instrument
To use a device, e.g. a video game
To do something for enjoyment and fun
To do or perform a game or sport

posturing

US / ˈpɒstʃərɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈpɑ:stʃərɪŋ /

B1

noun
Insincere actions performed to gain favor
Putting on a show to make others think you clever

subscription

US / səbˈskrɪpʃn /

•

UK / səbˈskrɪpʃən /

B1

noun
Regular payment for a service, magazine etc.

tariff

US / 'tærɪf /

•

UK / ˈtærɪf /

B2

noun
List of fixed prices at hotel
Tax that a government collects on imported goods

this

US / ðɪs /

•

UK / ðɪs /

A1

adjecitve
Used to indicate something already been discussed
Used to indicate something happening around now
adverb
An indication by a physical motion or gesture
A specific amount of
determiner
Person, thing, or idea near you
pronoun
Person, thing that has already been discussed

trend

US / trend /

•

UK / trɛnd /

A2

noun
Current style or fashion
Direction things are moving in; current style
General direction that is taken
verb
To be current and popular
To move up or down

word

US / wɜ:d /

•

UK / wɚd /

A1

noun
Unit of language that has a meaning
Promise
Short remark or piece of information
verb
To express something by choosing particular words

mention

US / 'menʃn /

•

UK / ˈmɛnʃən /

A2

noun
Act of referring to or talking about something
verb
To refer to or talk or write about something

might

US / maɪt /

•

UK / maɪt /

A1

other
Used to politely request an action
Used to express that something could happen
Power, strength, force or influence

stockpile

US / ˈstɒkpaɪl /

•

UK / ˈstɑ:kpaɪl /

C1

noun
Large supply of something kept for future use
verb
To keep a large supply of something for future use

the

US / ðə /

•

UK / ðə /

A1

article
Used to refer to something already mentioned
Used to show there is only one of something
determiner
Used to describe all of a family

click

US / klɪk /

•

UK / klɪk /

A1

noun
The sound a computer mouse makes when you press it
A short, slight, and sharp sound
verb
To work well with someone or something
To press a computer mouse
To make a short, slight, and sharp sound

less

US / les /

•

UK / lɛs /

A1

adjecitve
Smaller in amount or degree
adverb
To a smaller degree
noun
A smaller amount
preposition
With the subtraction of

predict

US / prɪ'dɪkt /

•

UK / prɪˈdɪkt /

A2

verb
To guess or estimate what will or might happen

refocus

US / ˌri:'fəʊkəs /

•

UK / ˌri:'foʊkəs /

B1

verb
To put your attention back to something

demand

US / dɪ'mɑ:nd /

•

UK / dɪˈmænd /

A2

noun
Desire customers have to buy product, service
A strong request for someone to do something
verb
To strongly request someone to do something

irreconcilable

US / ɪˈrekənsaɪləbl /

•

UK / ɪˌrɛkənˈsaɪləbəl, ɪˈrɛkənˌsaɪ- /

A1

adjecitve
That cannot be reconciled or made to agree

path

US / pɑ:θ /

•

UK / pæθ, pɑθ /

A2

noun
Method of living leading to a particular result
Track made with stones, by walking over the ground

run

US / rʌn /

•

UK / rʌn /

A1

noun
Journey between two places made by ship or car
Series of similar things or successes and failures
Act of running; exercise of running
verb
To depart or travel according to a schedule
To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
(Of an engine) to be operating
To start or use a computer program
To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
To manage or operate a business
To operate or drive something
(Of a road) to go from one place to another
To move your legs faster than walking

suggest

US / səˈdʒest /

•

UK / səɡˈdʒɛst, səˈdʒɛst /

A1

verb
To mention something that could be done; propose

trump

US / trʌmp /

•

UK / trʌmp /

A1

noun
Any playing card of a suit that outranks another
verb
To gain an advantage over others

consider

US / kən'sɪdə(r) /

•

UK / kənˈsɪdər /

A1

verb
To think carefully about something

debt

US / det /

•

UK / dɛt /

A2

noun
Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid

population

US / ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən /

A2

noun
Number of people who live in a country, area etc.

soft

US / sɒft /

•

UK / sɔft, sɑft /

A2

adjecitve
Having flowing curves rather than sharp edges
Easy to press, bend or cut; not hard or firm
Showing a sympathetic and gentle heart
Not rough to the touch; light in feel
(Of lights, music) not too bright; not too loud

stagnate

US / stæɡ'neɪt /

•

UK / ˈstæɡˌnet /

C1

verb
To stop moving, developing, or making progress

true

US / tru: /

•

UK / tru: /

A1

adjecitve
Agreeing with the facts; not false; real or actual

visit

US / ˈvɪzɪt /

•

UK / ˈvɪzɪt /

A1

noun
Trip to a place for a time, usually for a reason
verb
To go to a place for a time, usually for a reason

day

US / deɪ /

•

UK / de /

A1

noun
A period of 24 hours beginning at midnight
The period of time when it is light outside
Person's name

combine

US / kəmˈbaɪn /

•

UK / kəmˈbaɪn /

A2

verb
To mix several things together to form one thing

persuade

US / pəˈsweɪd /

•

UK / pərˈsweɪd /

A2

verb
To try to make someone to do, believe something

point

US / pɔɪnt /

•

UK / pɔɪnt /

A1

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

skill

US / skɪl /

•

UK / skɪl /

A2

noun
Ability to do something well

third

US / θɜ:d /

•

UK / θɜ:rd /

A1

adjecitve
3rd: Number after second

actually

US / ˈæktʃuəli /

•

UK / ˈæktʃuəli /

A1

adverb
Used to add new (often different) information

attack

US / ə'tæk /

•

UK / əˈtæk /

A2

noun
Act intended to hurt someone physically, mentally
verb
To try to destroy, beat, or injure

domestic

US / dəˈmestɪk /

•

UK / dəˈmɛstɪk /

A2

adjecitve
British informal fight between husband and wife
Concerning your own home or house
Concerning or made in your own country
noun
Someone paid to help with housework in your house

strategic

US / strəˈti:dʒɪk /

•

UK / strəˈtidʒɪk /

A2

adjecitve
Concerned with strategy; well thought out

use

US / ju:s /

•

UK / ju:s /

A1

noun
Ability to employ something
Need to enable it to work
Permission to do something with something
Act of spending money
Operation of a machine for its function
verb
To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
To need to operate or work
To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
To treat a person badly
To do something with, for a task or purpose

already

US / ɔ:lˈredi /

•

UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /

A1

adverb
Having happened or been done before this time

describe

US / dɪ'skraɪb /

•

UK / dɪˈskraɪb /

A1

verb
To tell the appearance, sound, smell of something

will

US / wɪl /

•

UK / wɪl /

A1

noun
Desire or choice of someone
Document saying who gets your money when you die
Strong desire to do something; determination
Desire to do something; strong wish to do
other
Used with verbs to express the future
verb
To leave property to someone after your death
To use mental effort to make something happen
Am (is, are) likely to do
To influence someone to do something
To make something happen by strongly wanting it

among

US / əˈmʌŋ /

•

UK / əˈmʌŋ /

A1

preposition
In the center of several things

either

US / ˈaɪðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈiðɚ, ˈaɪðɚ /

A1

adjecitve
One of two (used when there is a choice of two)
adverb
(After negative statements) likewise, in addition
conjunction
Used as the first of two connected things
determiner
Used as the first of two connected things
pronoun
The one or the other

here

US / hɪə(r) /

•

UK / hɪr /

A1

adverb
In this place; at this location, position or time

new

US / nju: /

•

UK / nu, nju /

A1

adjecitve
Not old, recently born, built or made
Being or doing something for the first time
Not felt, seen or known previously
Having been recently bought or obtained

staging

US / ˈsteɪdʒɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈstedʒɪŋ /

A1

verb
To organize an event to gain public interest
To be fake or not real
To produce and perform a play or concert

capture

US / 'kæptʃə(r) /

•

UK / ˈkæptʃɚ /

B1

verb
To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
To record, tape, or film something
To catch and prevent from being free
To take control of a place or object by force

feel

US / fi:l /

•

UK / fil /

A1

verb
To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
To sense through direct contact; touch

exacerbate

US / ɪɡ'zæsəbeɪt /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzæsɚˌbet /

B2

verb
To increase the severity or bitterness of

himself

US / hɪmˈself /

•

UK / hɪmˈsɛlf /

A1

pronoun
The same (male) person who did the action

reason

US / 'ri:zn /

•

UK / ˈrizən /

A1

noun
Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
Explanation for why something occurred or was done
verb
To think and make conclusions in a logical manner

side

US / saɪd /

•

UK / saɪd /

A1

adjecitve
In addition to the central or most important thing
Next to, or very close to, the right or left of
noun
Position or opinion that is opposite to another
Right or left part of a person's body
Feature of someone's personality
Straight edge of an object
One of two or more groups fighting each other
verb
To decide to agree with one point, not the other

age

US / eɪdʒ /

•

UK / edʒ /

A1

verb
To keep food, wine for a long time to improve it
To get older
noun
Period of time in history
Number of years a person or thing has lived

balance

US / ˈbæləns /

•

UK / ˈbæləns /

A2

noun
Instrument for weighing things
Being stable; having equal weight on both sides
Money remaining after paying costs
verb
To be steady by having equal weight on both sides
To make two or more things equal

authority

US / ɔ:ˈθɒrəti /

•

UK / əˈθɔrɪti, əˈθɑr-, ɔˈθɔr-, ɔˈθɑr- /

A2

noun
The power to give orders to people
Person who is an expert on a particular topic
Expert knowledge on a given subject
The power to decide or approve things
a group of people who have the official power to make decisions

continue

US / kən'tɪnju: /

•

UK / kənˈtɪnju /

A1

verb
To do something without stopping, or after pausing
To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop

exactly

US / ɪgˈzæktli /

•

UK / ɪɡˈzæktli /

A1

adverb
No more and no less than; precisely

massive

US / ˈmæsɪv /

•

UK / ˈmæsɪv /

B1

adjecitve
Very big; large; too big

respond

US / rɪ'spɒnd /

•

UK / rɪˈspɑnd /

A2

verb
To answer something or someone
To have a good reaction to e.g. medical treatment

realm

US / relm /

•

UK / rɛlm /

B2

noun
Area ruled by a king or queen
Field of knowledge or thought

science

US / 'saɪəns /

•

UK / ˈsaɪəns /

A2

noun
Study of the physical world, based on facts

should

US / ʃʊd /

•

UK / ʃʊd /

A1

other
Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable

sometime

US / ˈsʌmtaɪm /

•

UK / ˈsʌmˌtaɪm /

A1

adjecitve
At an unknown time in the future

sort

US / sɔ:t /

•

UK / sɔrt /

A1

noun
Group or class of similar things or people
verb
To organize things by putting them into groups
To deal with things in an organized way

white

US / waɪt /

•

UK / hwaɪt, waɪt /

A1

adjecitve
Belonging to a race of people with light skin
Of the color of fresh snow and milk
noun
Person's name
Lightest color; The color of fresh snow.

disingenuous

US / ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒenjuəs /

•

UK / ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjuəs /

C1

adjecitve
Giving a false appearance of frankness

contain

US / kənˈteɪn /

•

UK / kənˈten /

A2

verb
To keep something from spreading
To hold something inside something else

economy

US / ɪ'kɒnəmɪ /

•

UK / ɪˈkɑnəmi /

A1

noun
Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
Total of all goods, services and wages in an area

ideological

US / ˌaɪdɪə'lɒdʒɪkl /

•

UK / ˌaɪdiəˈlɑdʒɪkəl, ˌɪdi- /

B1

adjecitve
In conformity with fixed ideas or beliefs

obviously

US / ˈɒbviəsli /

•

UK / ˈɑːbviəsli /

A2

adverb
In a way that is obvious/easy to see or understand

rating

US / ˈreɪtɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈretɪŋ /

A1

noun
The score derived from an assessment of something
verb
To assess something or consider its qualities

probably

US / ˈprɒbəbli /

•

UK / ˈprɑbəbli /

A1

adverb
That is likely to happen or be true

trade

US / treɪd /

•

UK / treid /

A2

noun
A specific industry, e.g. shoe making
Action of buying and selling things in business
The buying and selling of goods and services
Exchanging something for something else
Job often requiring physical skills, e.g. plumbing
verb
To buy, sell and exchange goods in business
To give something in return for something else

while

US / waɪl /

•

UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /

A1

conjunction
In spite of the fact that; although
During the time that; at the same time
noun
Short amount of time

wait

US / weɪt /

•

UK / wet /

A1

verb
To delay or not do something until later
To spend time until an expected thing happens
To remain in a place until a thing happens

notify

US / 'nəʊtɪfaɪ /

•

UK / ˈnotəˌfaɪ /

B2

verb
To inform; to communicate specific information

peaceful

US / ˈpi:sfl /

•

UK / ˈpisfəl /

B1

adjecitve
In a calm and quiet state
Being unlikely or unwilling to act violently

pelosi

US / ˈpelɪt /

•

UK / ˈpɛlɪt /

A1

reject

US / rɪˈdʒekt /

•

UK / rɪˈdʒɛkt /

A2

noun
Goods that are not suitable for sale at full price
Person others do not like, or refuse to accept
verb
To decide that something is not good enough
To refuse, deny to believe, accept, or consider

ship

US / ʃɪp /

•

UK / ʃɪp /

A1

noun
Large boat
verb
To transport goods by boat, truck or plane

tough

US / tʌf /

•

UK / tʌf /

A2

adjecitve
(Of food) difficult to chew or bite through
Very difficult to do or deal with
Having strict standards
Being firm and not easily bent or broken
Being strong physically or mentally
Being difficult to persuade
Capable of violence

towards

US / tə'wɔ:dz /

•

UK / 'təuədz, twɔ:dz /

A1

preposition
In the direction of someone or something

war

US / wɔ:(r) /

•

UK / wɔr /

A2

noun
Situation where armies fight each other

compete

US / kəmˈpi:t /

•

UK / kəmˈpit /

A2

verb
To try to beat others at something, e.g. a race

detailed

US / ˈdi:teɪld /

•

UK / dɪˈteld,ˈdiˌteld /

A1

adjecitve
Developed or made with great care

politic

US / ˈpɒlətɪk /

•

UK / ˈpɑlɪtɪk /

B2

adjecitve
Careful what you say; diplomatic

south

US / saʊθ /

•

UK / saʊθ /

A1

adjecitve
Direction to your right when facing the rising sun
Coming from the opposite direction from north
noun
The direction to your right of the rising sun

substantial

US / səbˈstænʃl /

•

UK / səbˈstænʃəl /

C2

adjecitve
(Of a meal) able to satisfy your hunger; filling
Being large in degree, quantity, or size
Being strongly and firmly made or built

brilliant

US / 'brɪlɪənt /

•

UK / ˈbrɪljənt /

A2

adjecitve
Having a great amount of intelligence or talent
Being very bright, like a diamond; shining

please

US / pli:z /

•

UK / pliz /

A1

adverb
Used when you politely ask people for things
verb
To entertain someone, by dancing, singing etc.
To make someone happy by doing something

really

US / ˈri:əli /

•

UK / ˈriəˌli, ˈrili /

A1

adverb
Used to stress something that is said; definitely
In a true or accurate manner
Very

would

US / wʊd /

•

UK / wʊd /

A1

other
Used to indicate something imagined
Used to ask or request something politely
Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
Used to indicate a preference
Used to indicate a reaction
Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
Used to indicate willingness or ability to do

understand

US / ˌʌndə'stænd /

•

UK / ˌʌndɚˈstænd /

A1

verb
To know the meaning of language, what someone says

anxiety

US / æŋ'zaɪətɪ /

•

UK / æŋˈzaɪɪti /

B1

noun
Fear about what might happen; worry

currently

US / ˈkʌrəntli /

•

UK / ˈkʌrənt(ə)li /

A2

adverb
Happening or being in the present time

george

US / dʒɔ:dʒ /

•

UK / dʒɔ:dʒ /

A1

noun
Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in whic

expect

US / ɪk'spekt /

•

UK / ɪkˈspɛkt /

A1

verb
To believe something is probably going to happen

mainland

US / 'meɪnlænd /

•

UK / ˈmenˌlænd, -lənd /

B2

noun
Main land mass of a country or continent

online

US / ˌɒnˈlaɪn /

•

UK / ˌɑ:nˈlaɪn /

B1

adjecitve
Connected to the internet

testing

US / ˈtestɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈtestɪŋ /

A1

verb
To be given a medical examination
To try to establish the truth or nature of
To ask a series of questions to measure knowledge

video

US / 'vɪdɪəʊ /

•

UK / ˈvɪdiˌo /

A2

adjecitve
Of a moving film, with sound
noun
Recording capturing action with sound
verb
To make a moving film of, with sound

want

US / wɔnt /

•

UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /

A1

noun
Something you desire or wish for
State or condition of poverty
verb
To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing

coercive

US / kəʊˈɜ:sɪv /

•

UK / koʊˈɜ:rsɪv /

B2

adjecitve
Serving, intended to force others to do your will

deception

US / dɪ'sepʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈsɛpʃən /

B1

noun
Use of trickery to make someone believe an untruth

not

US / nɒt /

•

UK / nɑt /

A1

adverb
Word indicating the negative
(Used to form the negative of verbs)

our

US / 'aʊə(r) /

•

UK / aʊr /

A1

determiner
Belonging to us

reasonable

US / ˈri:znəbl /

•

UK / ˈrizənəbəl /

A2

adjecitve
Being somewhat good, but not great
Fair and sensible; appropriate

advantage

US / əd'vɑ:ntɪdʒ /

•

UK / ædˈvæntɪdʒ /

A2

noun
Thing making the chance of success higher
A positive point about something

description

US / dɪˈskrɪpʃn /

•

UK / dɪˈskrɪpʃən /

A2

noun
Explanation of what something is like, looks like

effect

US / ɪ'fekt /

•

UK / ɪˈfɛkt /

A1

noun
An advantage, benefit
Change brought about by a cause; result

can

US / kæn /

•

UK / kən,kæn /

A1

noun
A metal container for storing food
other
Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
verb
To have permission to
To be possible to do
To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container

perception

US / pəˈsepʃn /

•

UK / pɚˈsɛpʃən /

B1

noun
Way in which one sees or understands something

resist

US / rɪ'zɪst /

•

UK / rɪˈzɪst /

A2

verb
To not be affected by e.g. a force or an effect
To fight or prevent something from happening
To refuse to accept something new or different
To stop yourself from doing, e.g. eating something

support

US / səˈpɔ:t /

•

UK / səˈpɔrt, -ˈport /

A1

noun
Assistance or advice given to someone
Evidence that helps prove something is true
A thing to hold up or prevent from falling down
verb
To give assistance or advice to someone
To help prove or show that something is true
To hold up or prevent from falling down

whether

US / ˈweðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈhwɛðɚ, ˈwɛð- /

A1

conjunction
If something will happen or not

become

US / bɪ'kʌm /

•

UK / bɪˈkʌm /

A1

verb
To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
To be suitable for a particular job or role

democratic

US / ˌdeməˈkrætɪk /

•

UK / ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk /

B2

adjecitve
(Of government) giving the people power, a vote
Having certain aspects of democracy

deplete

US / dɪˈpli:t /

•

UK / dɪˈplit /

B2

verb
To reduce the amount, strength or number of

final

US / ˈfaɪnl /

•

UK / ˈfaɪnəl /

A1

adjecitve
That will not be changed; permanent
Being the last thing in a series
noun
Last game in a series in a competition

iraq

US / ɪ'rɑ:k /

•

UK / ɪ'ræk /

A1

noun
A republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the ar

opportunity

US / ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ /

•

UK / ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju- /

A2

noun
Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance

subscribe

US / səb'skraɪb /

•

UK / səbˈskraɪb /

B1

verb
To regularly pay to receive a service

slow

US / sləʊ /

•

UK / sloʊ /

A1

adjecitve
Lacking activity, busyness or excitement
(Clock) showing time earlier than the actual time
Having difficulty understanding simple things
Moving or happening without speed; not fast
verb
To move, with less speed than before
To move or go without much speed

wise

US / waɪz /

•

UK / waɪz /

A2

adjecitve
Knowledgeable about life; having good judgment

but

US / bət /

•

UK / bʌt,bət /

A1

conjunction
Used before you say something different, opposite

especially

US / ɪˈspeʃəli /

•

UK / ɛˈspɛʃəli, ɪˈspɛʃ- /

A1

adverb
More than usual; extremely

give

US / ɡɪv /

•

UK / ɡɪv /

A1

noun
Degree of flexibility in something, a material
verb
To hand over or present something to someone
To cause someone to have or experience something

good

US / ɡʊd /

•

UK / ɡʊd /

A1

adjecitve
Proper, appropriate or right
(Of an amount) enough; plenty
Excellent; high quality
Acting well or properly; of moral character
In a positive or happy emotional state
noun
Advantage or benefit

security

US / sɪ'kjʊərətɪ /

•

UK / sɪˈkjʊrɪtisə'kjurətɪ /

A2

noun
Department in a company in charge of protection
Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
Person paid to protect property and people
Things done to protect people, buildings etc.
Condition of being safe from danger or harm

spiral

US / 'spaɪrəl /

•

UK / ˈspaɪrəl /

B2

adjecitve
Curved in a continuous circle
noun
A continuous curve round a central point
verb
To move in a continuous curve round a point

could

US / kəd /

•

UK / kʊd /

A1

other
Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
Used to ask for something politely, or to offer

foot

US / fʊt /

•

UK / fʊt /

A1

noun
Base of something such as a mountain or vase
Length of 12 inches or about 25 cm
Lowest part of the leg we use to stand on

know

US / nəʊ /

•

UK / noʊ /

A1

verb
To be familiar with a person or place, thing
To feel sure or be convinced about something
To discover or be aware of something
To be able to distinguish
To have knowledge of things

moment

US / 'məʊmənt /

•

UK / 'moʊmənt /

A1

noun
Very short or brief period of time
A particular period in time

structural

US / ˈstrʌktʃərəl /

•

UK / ˈstrʌktʃərəl /

B1

adjecitve
Concerning or caused by structure

trust

US / trʌst /

•

UK / trʌst /

A2

noun
Wealth or property held by one person for another
The belief that someone is honest
Care or responsibility of a person
verb
To expect confidently
To have confidence or faith
To be confident someone is honest and reliable
To believe someone to be honest and reliable

analyst

US / ˈænəlɪst /

•

UK / ˈænəlɪst /

B1

noun
Someone who is skilled at studying details of data

datum

US / ˈdeɪtəm /

•

UK / ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm /

B1

noun
Item of factual information

government

US / ˈgʌvənmənt /

•

UK / ˈɡʌvənmənt /

A1

noun
Group of people and system that rule a nation

instance

US / 'ɪnstəns /

•

UK / ˈɪnstəns /

A2

noun
An example of something; case
verb
To give as an example of something else

provocation

US / ˌprɒvəˈkeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌprɑ:vəˈkeɪʃn /

B2

noun
Causing anger or resentment, often deliberately

tech

US / tek /

•

UK / tɛk /

A2

noun
Shortened form of 'technology' or 'technician'

with

US / wɪð /

•

UK / wɪð, wɪθ /

A1

preposition
As an employee of a certain company
Against something or someone
By using something as a means
Due to; because of
Including
Possessing as a feature
Related to
(Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
Used to express that people or things are together

away

US / ə'weɪ /

•

UK / əˈwe /

A1

adjecitve
Not present
adverb
Disappear completely
Doing something with a lot of energy
Not here; far from here; in a different direction
To a different area, location

fundamental

US / ˌfʌndəˈmentl /

•

UK / ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl /

A2

adjecitve
Forming a necessary part, base, or core
noun
A basic part of something
(Music) the lowest note in a harmony

world

US / wɜ:ld /

•

UK / wɜrld /

A1

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity

heft

US / heft /

•

UK / heft /

A1

verb
To lift or raise something to assess its weight

premium

US / ˈpri:miəm /

•

UK / ˈprimiəm /

B1

adjecitve
Having a higher than normal quality
noun
Money paid as a fee for insurance

rely

US / rɪ'laɪ /

•

UK / rɪˈlaɪ /

B2

verb
Depend on with full trust or confidence

see

US / si: /

•

UK / si /

A1

verb
To go on a date with someone
To predict whether something is, or will be true
To understand what someone says
To use your eyes to look at something
To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
To visit or meet with someone
To find out by waiting or looking
To watch (a game, movie or TV show)

undermine

US / ˌʌndəˈmaɪn /

•

UK / ˌʌndərˈmaɪn /

B2

verb
To weaken or destroy secretly and usually slowly

accidental

US / ˌæksɪˈdentl /

•

UK / ˌæksɪˈdɛntl /

A2

adjecitve
Unplanned; unexpected; happening by mistake

before

US / bɪˈfɔ:(r) /

•

UK / bɪˈfɔr,-ˈfor /

A1

adverb
At a time earlier than the present; previously
conjunction
In advance of something happening
preposition
In front of someone or something

exercise

US / 'eksəsaɪz /

•

UK / ˈɛksɚˌsaɪz /

A2

noun
Physical activity to increase health and strength
Set of questions in a text book
verb
To work out to become stronger and healthier
To retain your ability or practice your skills

island

US / ˈaɪlənd /

•

UK / ˈaɪlənd /

A1

noun
Area of land that is surrounded by water

have

US / həv /

•

UK / hæv /

A1

verb
To drink, smoke, eat or use something
To experience the effects of something
To organize an event, or join in an activity
To own, possess, or hold something
To cause to happen or produce a particular effect

last

US / lɑ:st /

•

UK / læst /

A1

adjecitve
Most recent; the latest
The one before
adverb
Final; with nothing following; after all others
Most recent; the latest
determiner
The one at the end
verb
To remain or continue for a certain period of time

machine

US / mə'ʃi:n /

•

UK / məˈʃin /

A1

noun
Piece of equipment used to do work
Powerful group who control and organize things
verb
To shape, work on something, using a device

part

US / pɑ:t /

•

UK / pɑ:rt /

A1

adjecitve
To some degree; half; not fully
noun
Division of a book
Ratio of something, e.g. 3 of gin, 1 of tonic
A line in a person's hair, made with a comb
Character an actor plays on stage, movie, or TV
Some, but not all of a specific thing
Role in causing something to happen
verb
To make a line in a person's hair, by using a comb
To move two things apart creating a space
To leave someone, or to break off a relationship

substance

US / 'sʌbstəns /

•

UK / ˈsʌbstəns /

A2

noun
Essence of; most basic or central qualities
Particular type of material
Having material form; existing
Quality of truth, importance, or meaningfulness

western

US / ˈwestən /

•

UK / ˈwestərn /

A1

adjecitve
Movies often about cowboys in the American West
Coming from, found in, or facing towards the west

full

US / fʊl /

•

UK / fʊl /

A1

adjecitve
Containing all the parts; complete
Containing or holding as much as possible
Having had enough food
adverb
In a direct manner; completely

increase

US / ɪn'kri:s /

•

UK / ɪnˈkris /

A1

noun
Fact of increasing; amount something grows by
verb
To make or become larger in size or amount

interactive

US / ˌɪntərˈæktɪv /

•

UK / ˌɪntɚˈæktɪv /

A2

adjecitve
Acting or influencing others

occasion

US / ə'keɪʒn /

•

UK / əˈkeʒən /

A2

noun
Significant or important event or function
Time when something happens or takes place
verb
To make or cause something to happen; to lead to

untrue

US / ʌnˈtru: /

•

UK / ʌnˈtru /

B1

adjecitve
Not according with the facts; being a lie

economic

US / ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk /

•

UK / ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ˌikə- /

A2

adjecitve
Concerning trade, industry, and money

freedom

US / 'fri:dəm /

•

UK / ˈfridəm /

B1

noun
State of being free, not being controlled

legitimacy

US / lɪ'dʒɪtɪməsɪ /

•

UK / ləˈdʒɪtəməsi /

B2

noun
Legally allowed act; undisputed credibility

problem

US / ˈprɒbləm /

•

UK / ˈprɑbləm /

A1

adjecitve
Causing trouble
noun
Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
Question to show understanding of a math concept

spike

US / spaɪk /

•

UK / spaɪk /

B2

noun
The top point in a graph
Long, thin metal rod that ends in a point
verb
To go up to a point on a graph

end

US / end /

•

UK / ɛnd /

A1

noun
The point where a process or activity stops
A point that marks the limit of something; finish
Goal or desired result
The tip, edge or limit of something
verb
To be the last part of something

mark

US / mɑ:k /

•

UK / mɑrk /

A2

noun
Person's name
A dirty spot or line on something
Grade or score given for homework
Line or symbol made when writing
Particular point on a scale of measurement
Grade, such as a student receives in school
Stain or spot on something
Sign or symbol of a quality of feeling
Written sign or symbol
verb
To put a dirty spot or line on something
To give a grade for homework
To indicate something with a sign or symbol
To make or leave a visible sign of (path, etc.)
(Animals) to go to the toilet to show your area
To write or draw a line on something

relation

US / rɪˈleɪʃn /

•

UK / rɪˈleɪʃn /

A2

noun
Connection between two or more things
A member of your family
Way in which two or more things are connected

early

US / ˈɜ:li /

•

UK / ˈɜ:rli /

A1

adjecitve
Happening or appearing before
adverb
Coming/happening before others in a time sequence
Happening sooner than expected

drift

US / drɪft /

•

UK / drɪft /

B1

verb
(Of sand, etc.) to be blown into heaps by the wind
(Of boats) to move without purpose on water
To move or live without a purpose or goal
To move slowly or effortlessly in water or air

manipulate

US / mə'nɪpjʊleɪt /

•

UK / məˈnɪpjəˌlet /

B1

verb
To try to control others to gain an advantage
To handle or work in a skillful manner

remedy

US / 'remədɪ /

•

UK / ˈrɛmɪdi,'rɛmədɪ /

B1

noun
Way to solve or fix a problem
Treatment that relieves pain or cures illness
verb
To solve or correct a problem

and

US / ənd /

•

UK / ənd, ən,ænd /

A1

conjunction
Used to refer to two or more things
Plus; in addition; on top of that
Used to introduce an action that follows another

back

US / bæk /

•

UK / bæk /

A1

adjecitve
Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
adverb
Have returned to a place you were before
noun
The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
Location at the rear of something
The reverse of side something
Area on the rear of your body
verb
To bet money on something
To go backwards in a car
To support and encourage someone or some cause

commitment

US / kə'mɪtmənt /

•

UK / kəˈmɪtmənt /

A2

noun
Permanent love or concern for person, thing
Promise or decision to do something for a purpose

illegal

US / ɪ'li:ɡl /

•

UK / ɪˈliɡəl /

A2

adjecitve
Not allowed by the laws or rules

increasingly

US / ɪnˈkri:sɪŋli /

•

UK / ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli /

A2

adverb
More and more; in greater degree or amount

hope

US / həʊp /

•

UK / hop /

A1

noun
When you wish something will happen; what you wish
verb
To expect and want something to happen

ignore

US / ɪɡ'nɔ:(r) /

•

UK / ɪɡˈnɔr, -ˈnor /

A2

verb
To not listen to, look at, or pay attention to

invasion

US / ɪnˈveɪʒn /

•

UK / ɪnˈveʒən /

B1

noun
Entry into a place to cause harm

variety

US / və'raɪətɪ /

•

UK / vəˈraɪɪti /

A2

noun
Particular type of thing or person

approval

US / əˈpru:vl /

•

UK / əˈpruvəl /

A2

noun
Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
Positive opinion of something or someone

companion

US / kəm'pænɪən /

•

UK / kəmˈpænjən /

A2

noun
Someone who keeps you company, goes out with you

conflict

US / 'kɒnflɪkt /

•

UK / ˈkɑnˌflɪkt /

A2

noun
Argument or struggle between two or more parties
verb
To have opposite ideas; to disagree; To not match

rather

US / 'rɑ:ðə(r) /

•

UK / ˈræðɚ, ˈrɑðɚ /

A1

adverb
Somewhat; fairly; not that much

something

US / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

•

UK / ˈsʌmθɪŋ /

A1

adverb
In some degree or measure
noun
a person or thing of some value or consequence
pronoun
Thing that is not yet known or named
Approximately

unemployment

US / ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt /

•

UK / ˌʌnɛmˈplɔɪmənt,-ɪm- /

B1

noun
Number of people without jobs in a country
State of not having a job

far

US / fɑ:(r) /

•

UK / fɑr /

A1

adjecitve
A long way away
Being a long way away
adverb
To a large degree or extent

issue

US / 'ɪʃu: /

•

UK / ˈɪʃu /

A2

noun
Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
Single edition of a magazine
verb
To make something available to be used or sold
To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner

proposition

US / ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌprɑ:pəˈzɪʃn /

B1

noun
General claim or theory
Something you want to do that may be difficult

real

US / rɪəl /

•

UK / ˈriəl, ril /

A1

adjecitve
Actually existing or happening, not imagined
Being important or special

region

US / 'ri:dʒən /

•

UK / ˈridʒən /

A2

noun
Part of a country, of the world, area, etc.

prepare

US / prɪˈpeə(r) /

•

UK / prɪˈper /

A1

verb
To make something ready for use

presidential

US / ˌprezɪ'denʃl /

•

UK / ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl /

B1

adjecitve
Concerning the president

any

US / 'enɪ /

•

UK / ˈɛni /

A1

adjecitve
One, or some, no matter which
pronoun
One (thing) of many; some

come

US / kʌm /

•

UK / kʌm /

A1

verb
To arrive at a place
(Of mail) to be delivered
To move toward someone; go with someone
To reach a certain point or state

game

US / ɡeɪm /

•

UK / ɡem /

A1

noun
Activity with rules that people play to have fun
Birds and animals people hunt to kill and eat
Match between two teams

failure

US / ˈfeɪljə(r) /

•

UK / 'feɪljər /

A1

noun
When things go wrong; lack of function
Act or result of not achieving your goals

help

US / help /

•

UK / hɛlp /

A1

noun
Something given to enable a person to do something
Assistance given to someone in need
Someone who makes something easier or possible
verb
To act to enable a person to do something; assist
To make something better or less difficult

policy

US / 'pɒləsɪ /

•

UK / ˈpɑlɪsi /

A2

noun
Document stating terms of an insurance agreement
Course of action proposed by an organization, etc.

risky

US / ˈrɪski /

•

UK / ˈrɪski /

A2

adjecitve
With the chance it may be dangerous, unsuccessful

think

US / θɪŋk /

•

UK / θɪŋk /

A1

verb
To have an idea about something without certainty
To have an idea, opinion or belief about something

from

US / frəm /

•

UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /

A1

preposition
Starting at a particular place, time or level

grip

US / ɡrɪp /

•

UK / ɡrɪp /

A2

noun
Strong understanding of an idea
Control over something or someone
Part of an object to help you hold onto it
Act of holding something firmly
other
Control over something or someone
verb
To hold someone's interest
To hold something in your hand very firmly

invade

US / ɪnˈveɪd /

•

UK / ɪnˈved /

B1

verb
To enter something causing a harmful result

national

US / 'næʃnəl /

•

UK / ˈnæʃənəl, ˈnæʃnəl /

A2

adjecitve
Concerning a nation as a whole
noun
A person of a particular country

out

US / aʊt /

•

UK / aʊt /

A1

adverb
No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
Away from home, business, or the usual place
In a direction/movement away from inside or center
noun
Act when a batter cannot continue playing
verb
To tell people a secret

over

US / 'əʊvə(r) /

•

UK / ˈovɚ /

A1

adverb
Finished; no longer happening
Towards the ground/away from a standing position
noun
A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
other
Finished
preposition
Showing the relation when a thing is above another
On or covering something
Above or across something
More than you need
From one side to the other
In the direction of; toward

sentiment

US / ˈsentɪmənt /

•

UK / ˈsɛntəmənt /

B1

noun
Feeling or attitude you have about something
Feeling of love, sympathy and friendly emotions

aggressive

US / əˈgresɪv /

•

UK / əˈɡrɛsɪv /

B1

adjecitve
Using energy and determination to achieve a goal
Behaving in a hostile and threatening way

brush

US / brʌʃ /

•

UK / brʌʃ /

A2

noun
Quick and gentle movement
Thing with hairs used to apply paint, etc.
Thing used to comb your hair or to clean the floor
verb
To touch against a thing very lightly when moving
To clean, paint, or apply something with a brush
To clean using a long stick with stiff hairs

only

US / ˈəunli /

•

UK / ˈonli /

A1

adverb
Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
Not very important or serious
Just that type of thing, person
Short time ago; not before a certain time
conjunction
Except; but

perhaps

US / pəˈhæps /

•

UK / pɚˈhæps /

A1

adverb
Possibly, but not certainly; maybe

release

US / rɪ'li:s /

•

UK / rɪ'li:s /

A2

noun
Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
Relief from sadness, suffering or trouble
Act of freeing from a jail, cage, prison, etc.
verb
To free someone from a responsibility or burden
To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
To allow to leave a jail, cage, etc.; let out
To let go of something you are holding

aerial

US / 'eərɪəl /

•

UK / ˈɛriəl, eˈɪriəl /

B1

adjecitve
Being done, living or seen in the air
noun
Antenna; device for receiving radio/ TV signal

blame

US / bleɪm /

•

UK / blem /

A2

noun
Act of saying someone did something bad
verb
To say someone is responsible for something bad

career

US / kə'rɪə(r) /

•

UK / kəˈrɪr /

A2

noun
Particular occupation in professional life
verb
To move forward very fast and without control

chinese

US / /

•

UK / /

A1

adjecitve
Concerning the culture and people of China

educational

US / ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl /

•

UK / ˌɛdʒəˈkeʃənəl /

A2

adjecitve
Intended to teach or inform

intercept

US / ˌɪntəˈsept /

•

UK / ˌɪntərˈsept /

B2

verb
To stop or catch something while it is moving

just

US / dʒʌst /

•

UK / dʒʌst /

A1

adjecitve
Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
Doing or being what is right or fair
Legally correct; having enough evidence
adverb
Almost; nearly
Exactly at the time of
Exactly (the same as, like)

line

US / laɪn /

•

UK / laɪn /

A1

noun
Border that divides two places or regions
Long crease in the skin, often from age
Mark that is long, straight and very thin
Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
Telephone connection
People waiting one behind the other; queue
Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
verb
To put material along the inside of something

modern

US / ˈmɔdən /

•

UK / ˈmɑdən /

A1

adjecitve
Of the present time; up to date; contemporary

tension

US / 'tenʃn /

•

UK / ˈtɛnʃən /

A2

noun
Feeling of anxiety and inability to relax
Degree to which something is stretched tight

few

US / fju: /

•

UK / fju /

A1

pronoun
Not many, a small number

fact

US / fækt /

•

UK / fækt /

A1

noun
Something that is known or proved to be true

explicitly

US / ɪk'splɪsɪtlɪ /

•

UK / ɪk'splɪsɪtlɪ /

B1

adverb
Clearly; specifically

probability

US / ˌprɒbəˈbɪləti /

•

UK / ˌprɑ:bəˈbɪləti /

A2

noun
What the chances are that something will happen

positive

US / ˈpɒzətɪv /

•

UK / ˈpɑzɪtɪv /

A2

adjecitve
Showing agreement or support for something
Being sure about something; knowing the truth
Having the charge produced by electrons
Being good or useful
Showing that a chemical is present in a test

under

US / ˈʌndə(r) /

•

UK / ˈʌndɚ /

A1

adjecitve
In the same place as another thing, but lower
adverb
In a lower quantity or price than expected
preposition
According to the terms of an agreement or law
Managed or controlled by the authority of
Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
Influenced or affected by something or someone
Less or lower in age, amount, size or number

window

US / ˈwɪndəʊ /

•

UK / ˈwɪndoʊ /

A1

noun
Opening in a wall or door to let in light
Opening in a wall through which people do business

crisis

US / 'kraɪsɪs /

•

UK / ˈkraɪsɪs /

B1

noun
Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

difference

US / 'dɪfrəns /

•

UK / ˈdɪfərəns, ˈdɪfrəns /

A1

noun
A thing or issue that people do not agree about
Not of the same kind; unlike other things

dovish

US / ˈdʌvɪʃ /

•

UK / ˈdʌvɪʃ /

A1

adjective
Advocating peaceful or conciliatory policies, especially in foreign affairs.

special

US / 'speʃl /

•

UK / ˈspɛʃəl /

A1

adjecitve
Being additional or extra
Different, better or greater than normal
noun
Heavily discounted sales item

success

US / sək'ses /

•

UK / səkˈsɛs /

A2

noun
Achievement of a desired purpose or goal
A successful person; one who achieved their aims

taiwan

US / ˈtaɪˈwɑːn /

•

UK / ˈtaɪˈwɑn /

A1

other
A government on the island of Taiwan established in by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainlan
An island in southeastern Asia miles off the coast of mainland China in the South China Sea

check

US / tʃek /

•

UK / tʃɛk /

A1

adjecitve
Decorated with squares made up of lines
noun
Paper showing how much you owe at a restaurant
Printed piece of paper you sign to pay for things
A mark on a form, equivalent to 'yes'; tick
Mark used to show that something is correct
Procedure to prevent errors or control something
verb
To confirm the details of something are correct
To leave your things with staff who look after it
To examine something to see if something is wrong
To examine in order to prevent errors/a problem

difficult

US / 'dɪfɪkəlt /

•

UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlt, -kəlt /

A1

adjecitve
Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it

convince

US / kən'vɪns /

•

UK / kənˈvɪns /

A2

verb
To persuade someone, or make them feel sure

situation

US / ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌsɪtʃuˈeʃən /

A1

noun
Place, position or area that something is in
Circumstance or condition surrounding an event
An unexpected problem or difficulty

implausible

US / ɪmˈplɔ:zəbl /

•

UK / ɪmˈplɔzəbəl /

B1

adjecitve
(Of explanation/reason) not reasonable/believable

grow

US / ɡrəʊ /

•

UK / ɡro /

A1

verb
To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
To improve; to develop better skills over time
To develop and become bigger or taller over time

source

US / sɔ:s /

•

UK / sɔrs, sors /

A2

adjecitve
Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
noun
Piece of information; a person giving information
Place from which something necessary comes
verb
To get, e.g. a raw material, from somewhere

start

US / stɑ:t /

•

UK / stɑrt /

A1

noun
First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
Sudden action or movement because you are scared
other
Beginning of something in place or time
verb
To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
To turn something on

since

US / sɪns /

•

UK / sɪns /

A1

adverb
At a point before the present time
conjunction
For this reason; because
preposition
From the time in the past that

well

US / wel /

•

UK / wɛl /

A1

adjecitve
Being in a fortunate, good condition or state
Healthy and in good condition
adverb
In an acceptable, proper, or successful manner
In a complete, total, or full manner
A great and considerable degree
In a successful way, in a good or satisfactory way
exclamation
Used to begin or continue a particular statement
Used to show you want to start saying something
Used to express that you are waiting for a reply
You say this to change the topic of a conversation
Used to indicate you are making a final remark
noun
Long deep hole in the ground to get water
verb
To cause your eyes to fill with tears

within

US / wɪˈðɪn /

•

UK / wɪðˈɪn, wɪθ- /

A1

adverb
Inside the limits of an area, time or range
preposition
From the inside of something

computer

US / kəmˈpju:tə(r) /

•

UK / kəmˈpjutɚ /

A1

noun
Machine for storing data, accessing the internet

defend

US / dɪ'fend /

•

UK / dɪˈfɛnd /

B1

verb
To protect and explain your position in court
To protect against an attack
To try to prevent another team from scoring

definitely

US / ˈdefɪnətli /

•

UK / ˈdefɪnətli /

A2

adverb
Without question; beyond doubt

deteriorate

US / dɪ'tɪərɪəreɪt /

•

UK / dɪˈtɪriəˌret /

B2

verb
To become worse in condition or value

escalate

US / ˈeskəleɪt /

•

UK / ˈɛskəˌlet /

B2

verb
To increase in size, intensity, or scope
To become much worse or more severe

soon

US / su:n /

•

UK / sun /

A1

adverb
At a time not long from now

sound

US / saʊnd /

•

UK / saʊnd /

A1

adjecitve
Sensible, dependable and reliable
Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
Firm or solid in structure
Sane; not mentally ill
Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
noun
Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
verb
To seem or appear to be, from what was said
To say in a clear deliberate manner
To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell

trap

US / træp /

•

UK / træp /

A2

noun
Device used for catching animals
Vehicle pulled by a single horse
Area or hazard on a golf course
Someone's mouth
Uncomfortable event that is hard to escape
verb
To use a device to catch animals or people
To hold, e.g. a nerve, so that it cannot move
To catch or prevent someone from escaping
To trick someone
To put into a situation you can't escape from

frequency

US / 'fri:kwənsɪ /

•

UK / ˈfrikwənsi /

B1

noun
Number of repetitions of (radio or sound) wave
How often something happens

for

US / fə(r) /

•

UK / fɔr,fə /

A1

preposition
Used to show the purpose, or need of something

escalation

US / ˌeskə'leɪʃn /

•

UK / ˌeskə'leɪʃn /

B2

noun
An increase in severity

sharp

US / ʃɑ:p /

•

UK / ʃɑrp /

A2

adjecitve
Being very clear and easy to see
(Of clothes) nicely or stylishly
Being able to think, see, or understand quickly
Having a thin edge or point that is able to cut
Requiring a quick or sudden change in direction
Having a flavor that is very strong and distinct
adverb
At precisely the time given
Suddenly; immediately (of directions)
noun
Person's name
A musical tone

through

US / θru: /

•

UK / θru /

A2

adjecitve
having finished using or doing something
adverb
From the beginning of something until the end
preposition
Over, in, across an entire thing or place
Allowing you to pass between, or to
By a particular way or process; by the use of

time

US / taɪm /

•

UK / taɪm /

A1

noun
Speed at which music is played; tempo
Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
Occasion when something happens
Period or occasion that something occurred
Period in history or the past
Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
How long an event takes; duration
verb
To check speed at which music is performed
To choose a specific moment to do something
To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
To schedule something to occur at a specific moment

treaty

US / ˈtri:ti /

•

UK / ˈtriti /

B1

noun
An agreement between nations

why

US / waɪ /

•

UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /

A1

adverb
Question word to ask for a reason
exclamation
(Used to express surprise or approval)

face

US / feɪs /

•

UK / fes /

A1

noun
Side or outer surface of something
An expression using mouth, nose, eyes etc.
Front part of the head where eyes, mouth etc. are
Characteristics you show in public
verb
To cover a surface with something like paint
To deal with a problem or responsibilities
To look toward; point in a certain direction

light

US / laɪt /

•

UK / laɪt /

A1

adjecitve
Being bright making it easy to see; not dark
Being pale and lacking darkness of color
Not heavy; weighing only a little
adverb
Carrying few bags when traveling
noun
A source of energy that makes a room or area bright
Way in which something or someone is understood
verb
To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
To provide a way to see ahead

math

US / mæθ /

•

UK / mæθ /

A2

noun
Study or science of numbers and shapes

observer

US / əbˈzɜ:və(r) /

•

UK / əbˈzɜ:rvə(r) /

B1

noun
Someone whose job it is to watch or notice things

steel

US / sti:l /

•

UK / stil /

A2

adjecitve
Made of, or partly made of, a strong silvery metal
noun
Very strong or determined character in a person
Very strong metal made of iron, etc.
verb
To prepare yourself for something difficult

essentially

US / ɪˈsenʃəli /

•

UK / ɪˈsenʃəli /

A2

adverb
Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)

house

US / haʊs /

•

UK / haʊs /

A1

noun
Place where a specific activity or business occurs
Building in which a family, person lives
verb
To give someone a place to live
To contain or store something

least

US / li:st /

•

UK / list /

A1

adverb
In the smallest or lowest way
noun
Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree

nikkei

US / ˈnɪkeɪ /

•

UK / ˈniːkeɪ /

A1

resistance

US / rɪ'zɪstəns /

•

UK / rɪˈzɪstəns /

A2

noun
Force that stops or slows movement of something
Refusal to accept something new or different

ukraine

US / ju:'kreɪn /

•

UK / ju:'kreɪn /

A1

other
A republic in southeastern Europe; formerly a European soviet; the center of the original Russian st

biden

US / baɪd /

•

UK / baɪd /

A1

gist

US / dʒɪst /

•

UK / dʒɪst /

B1

noun
Main points of something

incumbent

US / ɪn'kʌmbənt /

•

UK / ɪnˈkʌmbənt /

C1

noun
A person who holds a particular office or position

lack

US / læk /

•

UK / læk /

A2

noun
The state of not having or not having enough of
A shortage of something
verb
To not have, or not have enough, of something

own

US / əʊn /

•

UK / on /

A1

adjecitve
Belong to oneself
determiner
Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
pronoun
(Something) belong to myself
verb
To have something as your property

rhetoric

US / ˈretərɪk /

•

UK / ˈrɛtərɪk /

B2

noun
The study of public speaking or writing techniques

style

US / staɪl /

•

UK / staɪl /

A1

noun
The (tasteful) way something is designed or done
verb
To shape or design something in a certain way

woe

US / wəʊ /

•

UK / woʊ /

B2

noun
Feeling of great pain or sadness; unhappiness

annual

US / ˈænjuəl /

•

UK / ˈænjuəl /

A2

adjecitve
Happening once a year, or every year
noun
Book (in a series) released each year

case

US / keɪs /

•

UK / kes /

A1

noun
Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
Set of facts about a crime
Set of facts about an event
Example or instance of something
verb
To find out about a place, as in planning to steal

great

US / ɡreɪt /

•

UK / ɡret /

A1

adjecitve
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
adverb
Very good; better than before
noun
Successful and well-admired person

harden

US / 'hɑ:dn /

•

UK / 'hɑ:rdn /

A2

verb
To make or become hard or firm

mean

US / mi:n /

•

UK / min /

A1

adjecitve
Being good at
Nasty; unkind
Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
noun
Average of a set of numbers
verb
To express a particular idea or thought
To intend to do something in particular
To have a particular meaning or value

offer

US / 'ɒfə(r) /

•

UK / ˈɔfɚ, ˈɑfɚ /

A1

noun
Price you say you are willing to pay for something
Act of making a thing available to be accepted
verb
To suggest a price you are willing to pay
To give the opportunity to accept something
To say you are willing to do something
To give or say something as an act of worship

require

US / rɪ'kwaɪə(r) /

•

UK / rɪˈkwaɪr /

A2

verb
To demand that someone does something
To need to do something, to make it necessary

priority

US / praɪ'ɒrətɪ /

•

UK / praɪˈɔrɪti, -ˈɑr- /

B1

noun
Thing that is more important/urgent than others

saddam

US / ˌsækrə'lɪdʒəs /

•

UK / ˌsækrə'lɪdʒəs /

A1

watch

US / wɒtʃ /

•

UK / wɑtʃ /

A1

noun
Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
verb
To keep in check, manage, or control something
To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
To look at carefully to work out what is happening
To protect and care for someone or something

claim

US / kleɪm /

•

UK / klem /

A2

noun
Demand for something that is believed to be due
Something said to be true when others don't agree
verb
To demand something that is believed to be due
To cause someone's life to come to an end
To say something is true when others may not agree

number

US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /

•

UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /

A1

noun
Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
Particular song or dance performed during a show
Total quantity or amount of things
verb
To put numbers on things
To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set

political

US / pəˈlɪtɪkl /

•

UK / pəˈlɪtɪkəl /

A2

adjecitve
Being active or interested in government matters
Diplomatic
Of the system of elections and government

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