The year without summer - David Biello
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Original YouTube Video | TEDEd Published on 2023-05-16
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A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
be
US / bɪ /
•UK / bi /
- verb
- Being
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
not
US / nɒt /
•UK / nɑt /
- adverb
- Word indicating the negative
- (Used to form the negative of verbs)
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
all
US / ɔ:l /
•UK / ɔl /
- adverb
- Completely; totally
- determiner
- Being every one of something
- pronoun
- 100% of something; the complete amount
do
US / du: /
•UK / du /
- other
- Question words for 'do' verbs
- verb
- To act; to perform actions
- To be enough; to be acceptable
- To have a certain effect on something or someone
like
US / laɪk /
•UK / laɪk /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in status or kind to something else
- Similar; the same
- adverb
- For example
- preposition
- Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
- In a way similar to the way something is done
- Such as; for example
- verb
- To want to
- To find something pleasing; to prefer something
will
US / wɪl /
•UK / wɪl /
- noun
- Desire or choice of someone
- Document saying who gets your money when you die
- Strong desire to do something; determination
- Desire to do something; strong wish to do
- other
- Used with verbs to express the future
- verb
- To leave property to someone after your death
- To use mental effort to make something happen
- Am (is, are) likely to do
- To influence someone to do something
- To make something happen by strongly wanting it
go
US / ɡəʊ /
•UK / ɡo /
- noun
- A turn in a game
- verb
- To attend or be at a place
- To do an activity
- To function properly
- To move or travel to another place
one
US / wʌn /
•UK / wʌn /
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to people generally
- Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
- number
- Number 1
- pronoun
- You; we; people in general; someone
- The thing or person previously referred to
there
US / ðɛə /
•UK / ðɛr /
- adverb
- Used to illustrate the existence of something
- In a particular respect
- In that place or position, at that location
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
know
US / nəʊ /
•UK / noʊ /
- verb
- To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- To feel sure or be convinced about something
- To discover or be aware of something
- To be able to distinguish
- To have knowledge of things
time
US / taɪm /
•UK / taɪm /
- noun
- Speed at which music is played; tempo
- Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
- Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
- Occasion when something happens
- Period or occasion that something occurred
- Period in history or the past
- Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
- How long an event takes; duration
- verb
- To check speed at which music is performed
- To choose a specific moment to do something
- To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
- To schedule something to occur at a specific moment
want
US / wɔnt /
•UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /
- noun
- Something you desire or wish for
- State or condition of poverty
- verb
- To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing
more
US / mɔ:(r) /
•UK / mɔr, mor /
- adjecitve
- In addition; extra
- Greater in amount, number, or size
- adverb
- To a greater degree; in greater quantity
- For a longer period of time
- determiner
- Additional quantity
- pronoun
- A greater or additional number
would
US / wʊd /
•UK / wʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate something imagined
- Used to ask or request something politely
- Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
- Used to indicate a preference
- Used to indicate a reaction
- Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
- Used to indicate willingness or ability to do
some
US / səm /
•UK / sʌm /
- adjecitve
- Remarkable; very good (or very bad) in a way
- Concerning a certain unclear degree, quantity
- determiner
- Used to refer to an unspecified amount or number
- pronoun
- Number of persons, things in a group, but not all
because
US / bɪ'kɒz /
•UK / bɪˈkɔz, -ˈkʌz /
- conjunction
- For a reason
take
US / teɪk /
•UK / tek /
- noun
- Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
- verb
- To accept something that is offered
- To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
- To use a camera to make (a photo)
- To pick up something and go away with it
- To study a subject in school
- To attempt to pass (an exam)
- To require a certain amount of time, money, space
look
US / lʊk /
•UK / lʊk /
- noun
- Person's beauty or physical attractiveness
- Particular style of dress, clothes, or appearance
- The way someone, something appears to be
- Act of searching for or examining something
- verb
- To appear to be; seem
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
way
US / weɪ /
•UK / we /
- adverb
- Used to emphasize the amount of something
- noun
- Particular aspect of something being thought about
- One of various choices that could be made
- Particular existing condition or state
- (Often long) distance or length of time
- How something is done
- Route to go to a place
- Small street
- Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone
these
US / ði:z /
•UK / ðiz /
- determiner
- People, things, or ideas near you
- pronoun
- The objects near the speaker
into
US / 'ɪntə /
•UK / ˈɪntu /
- preposition
- Moving or going inside something
- In the same direction as; in the direction of
- So as to become; taking the state of
could
US / kəd /
•UK / kʊd /
- other
- Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
- Used to ask for something politely, or to offer
other
US / 'ʌðə(r) /
•UK / ˈʌðər /
- adjecitve
- A thing different from that mentioned
- determiner
- (Something) else; not the first (one)
- pronoun
- Being the one and only thing of that category
over
US / 'əʊvə(r) /
•UK / ˈovɚ /
- adverb
- Finished; no longer happening
- Towards the ground/away from a standing position
- noun
- A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
- other
- Finished
- preposition
- Showing the relation when a thing is above another
- On or covering something
- Above or across something
- More than you need
- From one side to the other
- In the direction of; toward
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
actually
US / ˈæktʃuəli /
•UK / ˈæktʃuəli /
- adverb
- Used to add new (often different) information
first
US / fɜ:st /
•UK / fɚst /
- adjecitve
- 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
- noun
- Something that has not happened before
- Position of the winner of a competition
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
people
US / 'pi:pl /
•UK / ˈpipəl /
- noun
- Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
- Men, Women, Children
little
US / 'lɪtl /
•UK / ˈlɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Being short in length of time
- Not great in size, amount, or degree; small
- Being very young or younger than others
- adverb
- By an amount or degree that is not very much
- Not often; rarely
- noun
- A person's name
down
US / daʊn /
•UK / daʊn /
- adjecitve
- Being sad, sick, or unhappy
- Not operating, working, or functioning as expected
- adverb
- In a sitting or lying position
- Towards or on the ground, floor, or bottom
- Written or copied onto a piece of paper or book
- noun
- A period of play in American Football
- The soft, smooth hairs that cover a bird's body
- preposition
- Along something's path, course, or direction
- Going from a higher position to a lower position
- verb
- To eat or drink very quickly and without stopping
use
US / ju:s /
•UK / ju:s /
- noun
- Ability to employ something
- Need to enable it to work
- Permission to do something with something
- Act of spending money
- Operation of a machine for its function
- verb
- To have; to eat, drink, consume etc.
- To need to operate or work
- To operate a machine, e.g. a computer
- To treat a person badly
- To do something with, for a task or purpose
also
US / 'ɔ:lsəʊ /
•UK / ˈɔlso /
- adverb
- In addition; too; in a similar way
than
US / ðən /
•UK / ðən /
- conjunction
- Used to compare two things that are not equal
only
US / ˈəunli /
•UK / ˈonli /
- adverb
- Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
- Not very important or serious
- Just that type of thing, person
- Short time ago; not before a certain time
- conjunction
- Except; but
start
US / stɑ:t /
•UK / stɑrt /
- noun
- First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
- First opportunity to achieve something, e.g. a job
- Sudden action or movement because you are scared
- other
- Beginning of something in place or time
- verb
- To do, be or happen for the first time; begin
- To turn something on
work
US / wɜ:k /
•UK / wɚk /
- adjecitve
- Activity completed in order to make money
- noun
- The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- Everything created by an author, artist, musician
- Activity you do in order to make money
- Place of employment
- Final product or result of a some labor or effort
- verb
- To bring into a specific state of success
- To be functioning properly, e.g. a car
- To do your job in your company or workplace
- To make an effort to do something
- To operate a machine or device
off
US / ɒf /
•UK / ɔ:f /
- adjecitve
- (Of event) canceled; no longer occurring
- Not having on; not wearing
- Being somewhat wrong
- adverb
- Separated, removed, or away from a place or route
- (Of a machine) no longer turned on or operating
- (Of light, computer) no longer attached/connected
- Far away in terms of time or space
- preposition
- Away or free from work
- (Of foods, drink) old and bad to eat, drink
- Extending or leading from something
- No longer in or on some transport or vehicle
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
any
US / 'enɪ /
•UK / ˈɛni /
- adjecitve
- One, or some, no matter which
- pronoun
- One (thing) of many; some
most
US / məʊst /
•UK / most /
- adverb
- Very; extremely
- Greatest possible degree
- determiner
- Constituting nearly all of something
- pronoun
- Nearly all of something
call
US / kɔ:l /
•UK / kɔl /
- noun
- A order or request for action
- The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
- A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
- A short visit to a place or person
- A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
- verb
- To make a request or order for action
- (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
- To announce the date of an election
- To make a judgment about something
- To give someone or something a name
- To guess in advance the result or outcome
- To visit a place or person for a short time
- To phone someone
- To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
why
US / waɪ /
•UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /
- adverb
- Question word to ask for a reason
- exclamation
- (Used to express surprise or approval)
should
US / ʃʊd /
•UK / ʃʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate what is proper or reasonable
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
great
US / ɡreɪt /
•UK / ɡret /
- adjecitve
- Very large in size
- Very important
- Very good; fantastic; wonderful
- adverb
- Very good; better than before
- noun
- Successful and well-admired person
many
US / 'menɪ /
•UK / ˈmɛni /
- determiner
- Used to refer a large number of things
keep
US / ki:p /
•UK / kip /
- noun
- Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
- Money spent on you so you can live in a place
- verb
- To continue doing something; not to stop
- To stop balls going in a goal in sports
- To not give back or return something
- (Of food) to not spoil or not rot
- To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
- To have and continue to hold something
- To do something that you have promised or agreed
- To stay in a certain place or condition
- To maintain the rules
another
US / əˈnʌðə(r) /
•UK / əˈnʌðɚ /
- adjecitve
- One more, but not this
- determiner
- One more added
- pronoun
- One more (thing)
never
US / 'nevə(r) /
•UK / ˈnɛvɚ /
- adverb
- Not ever; not at any time
same
US / seɪm /
•UK / sem /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in quality and amount
- Identical; not different
- Not changing; constant
might
US / maɪt /
•UK / maɪt /
- other
- Used to politely request an action
- Used to express that something could happen
- Power, strength, force or influence
help
US / help /
•UK / hɛlp /
- noun
- Something given to enable a person to do something
- Assistance given to someone in need
- Someone who makes something easier or possible
- verb
- To act to enable a person to do something; assist
- To make something better or less difficult
different
US / ˈdɪfrənt /
•UK / ˈdɪfrənt /
- adjecitve
- Not of the same kind; unlike other things
today
US / tə'deɪ /
•UK / təˈde /
- adverb
- On this day; at the time that is happening now
- noun
- This day; day that is happening now
again
US / ə'ɡen /
•UK / əˈɡɛn /
- adverb
- One more time, once more
point
US / pɔɪnt /
•UK / pɔɪnt /
- noun
- An item to be discussed
- Small spot or dot
- Fact or detail
- Feature of something
- The size of the text on a page or screen
- A certain time or stage in a process
- Certain position in time or space
- Idea or fact you try to convince people about
- Measurement of scores in a game, sport
- Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
- verb
- To face a certain direction, e.g. north
- To indicate something with your finger to others
run
US / rʌn /
•UK / rʌn /
- noun
- Journey between two places made by ship or car
- Series of similar things or successes and failures
- Act of running; exercise of running
- verb
- To depart or travel according to a schedule
- To cause an animal to move in a certain direction
- (Of an engine) to be operating
- To start or use a computer program
- To flow in a certain direction, like a liquid
- To manage or operate a business
- To operate or drive something
- (Of a road) to go from one place to another
- To move your legs faster than walking
while
US / waɪl /
•UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /
- conjunction
- In spite of the fact that; although
- During the time that; at the same time
- noun
- Short amount of time
hear
US / hɪə(r) /
•UK / hɪr /
- verb
- To be aware of sound; to perceive with the ear
- To be told or find out information or facts
- To consider or listen to a court case
away
US / ə'weɪ /
•UK / əˈwe /
- adjecitve
- Not present
- adverb
- Disappear completely
- Doing something with a lot of energy
- Not here; far from here; in a different direction
- To a different area, location
already
US / ɔ:lˈredi /
•UK / ɔlˈrɛdi /
- adverb
- Having happened or been done before this time
world
US / wɜ:ld /
•UK / wɜrld /
- noun
- All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- Political division due to some kind of similarity
few
US / fju: /
•UK / fju /
- pronoun
- Not many, a small number
change
US / tʃeɪndʒ /
•UK / tʃendʒ /
- noun
- Exchange of one set of clothes for another
- Money in the form of coins instead of paper
- Money returned after giving too much
- Act of making or becoming something else
- verb
- To exchange one set of clothes for another
- To exchange one kind of money for another
- To replace something with another thing
- To make or become something else
- To go from one train, bus, etc. and go to another
far
US / fɑ:(r) /
•UK / fɑr /
- adjecitve
- A long way away
- Being a long way away
- adverb
- To a large degree or extent
both
US / bəuθ /
•UK / boθ /
- determiner
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
- pronoun
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
enough
US / ɪˈnʌf /
•UK / ɪˈnʌf /
- adjecitve
- Sufficient to answer the need
- adverb
- To a satisfactory degree
- pronoun
- Equal to what is needed; as much as required
- Adequate number or amount
high
US / haɪ /
•UK / haɪ /
- adjecitve
- Excited or relaxed from taking drugs
- Being of excellent quality or excellent standards
- Larger than usual in number, amount or degree
- Holding an important or powerful position
- With a sound close to the top of the musical scale
- Rising upward a great distance
- adverb
- At or to a place far above the ground
- At a great value, amount or price
- In a way that shows a lot of wealth
- noun
- (Weather) area of increased pressure
its
US / ɪts /
•UK / ɪts /
- adjecitve
- Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
- determiner
- Of something; belonging or related to something
- other
- Possessive form of “it”
may
US / meɪ /
•UK / me /
- noun
- 5th month of the year
- other
- Used to express a desire
- Expresses permission, possibility or probability
- Used to show that a thing could be true
believe
US / bɪ'li:v /
•UK / bɪˈliv /
- verb
- To think or accept that something is true
- To have a particular opinion about something
without
US / wɪˈðaʊt /
•UK / wɪðˈaʊt, wɪθ- /
- preposition
- Not with; not having
easy
US / ˈi:zi /
•UK / ˈizi /
- adjecitve
- Not hard to do; not difficult
cool
US / ku:l /
•UK / kul /
- adjecitve
- Steady and calm when facing difficulties
- Almost cold; not warm or hot
- Smart or stylish in a way (young) people admire
- Unfriendly in an indirect way; distant
- verb
- To make something decrease in temperature
- (Of an emotion, etc.) to become less strongly felt
someone
US / ˈsʌmwʌn /
•UK / ˈsʌmˌwʌn, -wən /
- pronoun
- Person who is not known or named
almost
US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /
•UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /
- adverb
- Only a little less than, nearly, not quite
such
US / sʌtʃ /
•UK / sʌtʃ /
- adverb
- (Used to emphasize the quality of an adjective)
- determiner
- Being similar to
- (Thing) as previously stated or referred to
reason
US / 'ri:zn /
•UK / ˈrizən /
- noun
- Ability to think about facts and form a judgment
- Explanation for why something occurred or was done
- verb
- To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
important
US / ɪmˈpɔ:tnt /
•UK / ɪmˈpɔrtnt /
- adjecitve
- Having power or authority
- Having a big effect on (person, the future)
least
US / li:st /
•UK / list /
- adverb
- In the smallest or lowest way
- noun
- Something that is of the lowest or smallest degree
sound
US / saʊnd /
•UK / saʊnd /
- adjecitve
- Sensible, dependable and reliable
- Unbroken or undisturbed, as of sleep
- Firm or solid in structure
- Sane; not mentally ill
- Clearly reasoned; involving sense, good judgment
- noun
- Unique quality that characterizes a style of music
- Waves traveling in air or water that can be heard
- verb
- To seem or appear to be, from what was said
- To say in a clear deliberate manner
- To make a noise, e.g. to ring a bell
small
US / smɔ:l /
•UK / smɔl /
- adjecitve
- Little in size; not big
- (Of letters) not written in capital letters
- Being insignificant or minor
- (Of a business) with few people or things; local
- (Of voice) being soft and quiet
- (Of a child) being young
follow
US / ˈfɔləu /
•UK / ˈfɑlo /
- verb
- To come after someone; be guided by someone
- To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
- To be the logical result of something
- To happen after something else happens
- To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
- To understand something happening or being said
moment
US / 'məʊmənt /
•UK / 'moʊmənt /
- noun
- Very short or brief period of time
- A particular period in time
create
US / krɪ'eɪt /
•UK / kriˈet /
- verb
- To make, cause, or bring into existence
begin
US / bɪ'ɡɪn /
•UK / ˈbeɡɪn /
- verb
- To do the first part of an action; to start
fall
US / fɔ:l /
•UK / fɔl /
- noun
- Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
- A drop in amount; decrease
- Dropping from a standing position to the ground
- verb
- To drop in amount; to decrease
- To come down from a higher position suddenly
- To go from standing to the ground, by accident
soon
US / su:n /
•UK / sun /
- adverb
- At a time not long from now
lead
US / li:d /
•UK / lid /
- adjecitve
- Being the main part in movies or plays
- noun
- Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- Information that could help to solve a crime
- Main part in a play or movie
- Heavy, gray metal element
- Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
- Act of being at the front in a race or game
- verb
- To show the way or guide others
- To be at the front of a race or game
- To travel in front of; go in advance of others
super
US / ˈsu:pə(r) /
•UK / ˈsupɚ /
- adjecitve
- Of the highest quality; great; marvelous
across
US / əˈkrɔs /
•UK / əˈkrɔs,əˈkrɑs /
- adverb
- Distance from one side to another
- (Go) from one side to the other of something
build
US / bɪld /
•UK / bɪld /
- noun
- Your physical shape; physique
- verb
- To establish e.g. a reputation, over time
- To construct a house, office, factory
fast
US / fɑ:st /
•UK / fæst /
- adjecitve
- In a way that is difficult to move or change
- Moving or able to move quickly
- Showing time that is later than the actual time
- adverb
- With a great deal of speed
- noun
- Period of time when a person chooses not to eat
- verb
- To refuse food for a long time
literally
US / ˈlɪtərəli /
•UK / ˈlɪtərəli /
- adverb
- So as to express the exact meaning of something
- Used to say something is true, even if unlikely
huge
US / hju:dʒ /
•UK / hjudʒ /
- adjecitve
- Very very large
pull
US / pʊl /
•UK / pʊl /
- noun
- Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
- Force something has that draws other things to it
- Using your hands to move something to you
- verb
- To breathe in smoke, as from a pipe
- To hold something and move it toward you
- To remove something by force
entire
US / ɪn'taɪə(r) /
•UK / ɛnˈtaɪr /
- adjecitve
- Complete or full; with no part left out; whole
plan
US / plæn /
•UK / plæn /
- noun
- Drawing of how something should be done or made
- Detailed proposal, set of actions to do something
- verb
- To intend to do something in the future
- To make a detail set of actions to do something
cut
US / kʌt /
•UK / kʌt /
- noun
- Act/instance of reducing the size or amount of
- Small opening made using a sharp object, knife
- A wound on someone's skin caused by a sharp object
- verb
- To reduce the size or amount of something
- To use knife or scissors to divide, open surfaces
obviously
US / ˈɒbviəsli /
•UK / ˈɑːbviəsli /
- adverb
- In a way that is obvious/easy to see or understand
large
US / lɑ:dʒ /
•UK / lɑ:rdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Big; of great size; broad, tall, wide, or fat
system
US / 'sɪstəm /
•UK / ˈsɪstəm /
- adjecitve
- Working in an organized, logical way
- noun
- Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
future
US / ˈfju:tʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈfjutʃɚ /
- noun
- Time that is to come after the present
focus
US / 'fəʊkəs /
•UK / ˈfokəs /
- noun
- Main purpose or center of interest or activity
- verb
- To see clearly by adjusting your eyes or a camera
- To keep your attention, concentration on one thing
amount
US / ə'maʊnt /
•UK / əˈmaʊnt /
- noun
- Quantity of something
- verb
- To add up to a certain figure
human
US / 'hju:mən /
•UK / ˈhjumən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or characteristic of people
- noun
- A person; a man, woman or child
form
US / fɔ:m /
•UK / fɔrm /
- noun
- Sports team or person's current winning record
- Document you complete when making an application
- Visible shape or style; type; kind
- verb
- To organize something such as a club or group
- To develop; to come into a shape or substance
- To make something into a particular shape
action
US / 'ækʃn /
•UK / ˈækʃən /
- noun
- Something that a person or thing does
- verb
- To act to do something
reach
US / ri:tʃ /
•UK / ritʃ /
- noun
- Power or control someone has over something
- verb
- To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
- To be long enough to get to a certain place
- To extend a hand or arm to touch or take something
difficult
US / 'dɪfɪkəlt /
•UK / ˈdɪfɪˌkʌlt, -kəlt /
- adjecitve
- Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
white
US / waɪt /
•UK / hwaɪt, waɪt /
- adjecitve
- Belonging to a race of people with light skin
- Of the color of fresh snow and milk
- noun
- Person's name
- Lightest color; The color of fresh snow.
agree
US / əˈgri: /
•UK / əˈɡri /
- verb
- To have the same opinion as someone else
building
US / ˈbɪldɪŋ /
•UK / ˈbɪldɪŋ /
- noun
- A structure with a roof and walls, e.g. a house
- verb
- To establish e.g. a reputation, over time
- To construct a house, office, factory
example
US / ɪgˈzɑ:mpl /
•UK / ɪɡˈzæmpəl /
- noun
- Thing, person which represents a category
air
US / eə(r) /
•UK / er /
- noun
- Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
- A person's manner intended to impress others
- verb
- To expose to the outside, to dry or freshen
- To broadcast a TV or radio show
- To open a subject to discussion and debate
history
US / 'hɪstrɪ /
•UK / ˈhɪstəri /
- noun
- Established pattern or record
- Study of past events as an academic subject
record
US / 'rekɔ:d /
•UK / ˈrekərd /
- noun
- Highest or most extreme level achieved
- Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
- History of a person's past actions or achievements
- verb
- To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
- To write down or say what happened
- To put music, sounds onto a device to store it
thousand
US / ˈθaʊznd /
•UK / ˈθaʊzənd /
- number
- Number 1,000
version
US / ˈvə:ʃən /
•UK / ˈvɚʒən, -ʃən /
- noun
- Different way that someone interprets something
- New or different form of something
- An updated form of some software
slow
US / sləʊ /
•UK / sloʊ /
- adjecitve
- Lacking activity, busyness or excitement
- (Clock) showing time earlier than the actual time
- Having difficulty understanding simple things
- Moving or happening without speed; not fast
- verb
- To move, with less speed than before
- To move or go without much speed
cause
US / kɔ:z /
•UK / kɔz /
- noun
- Belief, goal or organization that people support
- Reason for
- verb
- To make something happen; create effect or result
event
US / ɪˈvent /
•UK / ɪˈvɛnt /
- noun
- Any social gathering; occasion; planned activity
- Something that happens that you will remember
- Race or contest in a sports activity or program
dark
US / dɑ:k /
•UK / dɑrk /
- adjecitve
- Of a color that is not light
- Marked by unhappiness or hopelessness
- Having little or no light; not light in color
- noun
- The time of day when the sky is black
draw
US / drɔ: /
•UK / drɔ /
- noun
- Something that attracts people to visit a place
- A lottery or prize
- Result of a game, contest where the score is equal
- verb
- To attract attention to someone or something
- To get closer to or approach something or someone
- To influence a person's involvement in something
- To move an object by pulling
- To create an image using pen or pencil and paper
- To take one thing out of a container, etc.
- (Of 2 teams) to finish a game with the same score
effect
US / ɪ'fekt /
•UK / ɪˈfɛkt /
- noun
- An advantage, benefit
- Change brought about by a cause; result
hopefully
US / ˈhəʊpfəli /
•UK / ˈhopfəli /
- adverb
- In a manner wishing something to happen
massive
US / ˈmæsɪv /
•UK / ˈmæsɪv /
- adjecitve
- Very big; large; too big
protect
US / prə'tekt /
•UK / prəˈtɛkt /
- verb
- To defend someone or something from harm or danger
block
US / blɒk /
•UK / blɑk /
- noun
- Solid piece of material used for building
- A piece of wood, chocolate etc.
- Hard piece of wood, stone etc. with straight edges
- Building made up of offices or apartments
- Area of a city divided by four streets
- verb
- To stop from going forward or making progress
study
US / 'stʌdɪ /
•UK / ˈstʌdi /
- noun
- Room that a person studies or reads in
- Piece of research
- Topic or subject you research or learn about
- verb
- To focus on learning something usually at school
struggle
US / 'strʌɡl /
•UK / ˈstrʌɡəl /
- noun
- Strong efforts made to do something difficult
- verb
- To try very hard to do something difficult
cold
US / kəʊld /
•UK / kold /
- adjecitve
- Having a very low temperature
- Being unfriendly or lacking emotion
- noun
- Illness of sneezing, coughing, and a sore throat
class
US / klɑ:s /
•UK / klæs /
- noun
- Quality of that shows good taste; refinement
- A group that shares something in common
- Rank or level in society people belonging to
- A group of people who study together in school
- verb
- To place things into groups by common qualities
- To rank people in society from high to low
prepare
US / prɪˈpeə(r) /
•UK / prɪˈper /
- verb
- To make something ready for use
impact
US / 'ɪmpækt /
•UK / ˈɪmˌpækt /
- noun
- A striking effect or result to hit with force
- Very strong influence
- Act or force of one thing hitting something else
- verb
- To hit or strike someone or something with force
burn
US / bɜ:n /
•UK / bɚn /
- noun
- Damage from fire or heat
- verb
- To destroy with fire
- To feel pain and heat
- To use as fuel for a fire to make light or heat
- To overcook food with too much heat it goes black
remove
US / rɪˈmu:v /
•UK / rɪˈmuv /
- verb
- To get rid of something completely
- To make someone leave his or her job or position
- To move, erase or take away from a place
- To take something off (e.g. clothing)
project
US / prəˈdʒekt /
•UK / prəˈdʒɛkt /
- noun
- A planned piece of work for specific purpose
- Group of homes built by government for poor people
- verb
- To predict what will happen in the future
- To show something on a screen using light
- To stick out past the edge of something
interested
US / ˈɪntrəstɪd /
•UK / ˈɪntrɪstɪd, -tərɪstɪd, -təˌrɛstɪd /
- adjecitve
- Having had your attention taken; curious
- verb
- To make someone want to know about something
- To persuade to do, become involved with something
giant
US / 'dʒaɪənt /
•UK / ˈdʒaɪənt /
- adjecitve
- Very large, or much bigger than other things
- noun
- Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
- Very successful, powerful person or organization
natural
US / ˈnætʃərəl /
•UK / ˈnætʃərəl, ˈnætʃrəl /
- adjecitve
- Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
- Not made by humans; without human intervention
perhaps
US / pəˈhæps /
•UK / pɚˈhæps /
- adverb
- Possibly, but not certainly; maybe
decade
US / ˈdekeɪd /
•UK / ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked /
- noun
- Period of 10 years
model
US / ˈmɒdl /
•UK / ˈmɑ:dl /
- adjecitve
- Being an excellent example of
- noun
- Person who wears fashion to show it to the public
- A small scale copy of a full original
- verb
- To wear and display clothes at a fashion show
- To make a small scale copy of a full original
average
US / 'ævərɪdʒ /
•UK / ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ /
- adjecitve
- Typical or normal; usual; ordinary
- noun
- Total of numbers divided by the number of items
- verb
- To add numbers then divide by the number of items
period
US / ˈpɪəriəd /
•UK / ˈpɪriəd /
- noun
- Set amount of time during which events take place
- A way to emphasize what you will say
- A full stop (.), marking the end of a sentence
- A menstrual cycle
- A set time for a class to be held
approach
US / ə'prəʊtʃ /
•UK / əˈprəʊtʃ /
- noun
- Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
- Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
- Specific way to handle a project, task, problem
- verb
- To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- To request someone to do something specific
computer
US / kəmˈpju:tə(r) /
•UK / kəmˈpjutɚ /
- noun
- Machine for storing data, accessing the internet
spread
US / spred /
•UK / sprɛd /
- noun
- A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
- The distance between two things
- Soft food thinly applied, e.g. on bread
- When a disease is passed to more people
- Range or wide variety of something
- verb
- To place over a large area; to cover a large area
- To apply something thinly, usually onto food
- To give or be given to other people, as a disease
- (Of ideas, gossip) to pass to and affect others
- To move something apart, or to put space between
- To become known by a greater number of people
incredibly
US / ɪnˈkredəbli /
•UK / ɪnˈkrɛdəblɪ /
- adverb
- To a great degree; very; amazingly
- Extremely; so much so it is hard to believe
unless
US / ənˈles /
•UK / ʌnˈlɛs /
- conjunction
- Negative of 'if'
strange
US / streɪndʒ /
•UK / strendʒ /
- adjecitve
- Unusual or odd; surprising because unexpected
warm
US / wɔ:m /
•UK / wɔrm /
- adjecitve
- Friendly, sincere and kind to others
- Being friendly or sincere
- Slightly hot; not very hot
- verb
- To become more friendly or to like something
- To make something hotter
address
US / ə'dres /
•UK / əˈdrɛs /
- noun
- Exact street location of a place
- A formal speech to a group of people
- verb
- To write the place someone lives on a letter
- To refer to someone or something formally
- To make a formal speech to a group of people
- To try to find a solution to; think about
modern
US / ˈmɔdən /
•UK / ˈmɑdən /
- adjecitve
- Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
measure
US / ˈmeʒə(r) /
•UK / ˈmɛʒɚ /
- noun
- Plan to achieve a desired result
- Tool used to calculate the size of something
- verb
- To determine the value or importance of something
- To calculate size, weight or temperature of
global
US / ˈgləʊbl /
•UK / ˈgloʊbl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
- Of, affecting, or involving the entire world
reduce
US / rɪ'dju:s /
•UK / rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus /
- verb
- To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
- To make something smaller in size, amount, level
summer
US / ˈsʌmə(r) /
•UK / ˈsʌmɚ /
- noun
- Part of the year when the weather is hot
- verb
- To spend time in a place in the warm months
highly
US / ˈhaɪli /
•UK / 'haɪlɪ /
- adverb
- In a manner that shows approval
- More than usual; to a great degree
planet
US / 'plænɪt /
•UK / ˈplænɪt /
- noun
- One of the bodies that orbit the sun
actor
US / ˈæktə(r) /
•UK / ˈæktɚ /
- noun
- Person who acts in the theater, movies, or TV
surface
US / 'sɜ:fɪs /
•UK / ˈsɚfəs /
- adjecitve
- Of the top layer; not deep or meaningful
- noun
- Top layer of the ground or of water
- Nature or emotions that show, but may not be true
- Outside or upper layer of something
- verb
- To give (road) a top layer
- To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
- To come to the top of something; emerge
- To come to the top level of water, mud, etc.
solution
US / səˈlu:ʃn /
•UK / səˈluʃən /
- noun
- Mix of a liquid and a solid or a gas
- Way to solve or deal with a problem
earth
US / ɜ:θ /
•UK / ɚθ /
- noun
- Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
- The planet we live on
- Soil in which we grow plants
limited
US / ˈlɪmɪtɪd /
•UK / ˈlɪmɪtɪd /
- adjecitve
- (Of a company) with a limit of financial liability
- With restrictions; not broad in scope
- verb
- To stop or prevent an increase past a point
gas
US / ɡæs /
•UK / ɡæs /
- noun
- Elements in our air, like oxygen or nitrogen
- Fuel used for cooking, heating houses etc.
- Liquid you put in your car to drive the engine
- Air produced by stomach during digestion of food
- verb
- To kill or disable someone with poisoned air
scale
US / skeɪl /
•UK / skel /
- noun
- Size, level, or amount when compared
- Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
- Device that is used to weigh a person or thing
- Range of numbers from the lowest to the highest
- Dimensions or size of something
- verb
- To change the size of but keep the proportions
- To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
- To remove the scales of a fish
sun
US / sʌn /
•UK / sʌn /
- noun
- Light and heat coming from a large star in the sky
- Hot shining star the Earth moves around
- verb
- To lie in the sunshine and enjoy its warmth
scientist
US / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
•UK / ˈsaɪəntɪst /
- noun
- Person who is trained in a science
repeat
US / rɪˈpi:t /
•UK / rɪˈpit /
- noun
- Action that is done again
- Musical passage that is to be played again
- Radio or television program that was shown before
- verb
- To do something over again
- To say something you have learned and memorized
- To relate something you have been told by another
- To say something again
sky
US / skaɪ /
•UK / skaɪ /
- noun
- The place where we see clouds above us
weather
US / 'weðə(r) /
•UK / ˈwɛðɚ /
- noun
- Whether it is raining, sunny, cold etc. outside
- verb
- To successfully deal with a difficult situation
- To erode or become damaged due to the environment
nation
US / 'neɪʃn /
•UK / ˈneʃən /
- noun
- Area or region controlled by a government and army
temperature
US / ˈtemprətʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə- /
- noun
- When you your body heat is above normal
- How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather
century
US / 'sentʃərɪ /
•UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /
- noun
- Period of 100 years
artist
US / ˈɑ:tɪst /
•UK / ˈɑrtɪst /
- noun
- A person skilled and creative in art e.g. painter
intense
US / ɪn'tens /
•UK / ɪnˈtɛns /
- adjecitve
- Very strong, great or extreme in degree
extreme
US / ɪk'stri:m /
•UK / ɪkˈstrim /
- adjecitve
- Very great in degree
- Farthest from a center
- Very severe; very strong
- noun
- Effort that is thought more than is necessary
cash
US / kæʃ /
•UK / kæʃ /
- noun
- Physical money (not credit card or digital)
- verb
- To sell or give something to get money
occur
US / əˈkɜ:(r) /
•UK / əˈkɚ /
- verb
- To come to pass or to happen
island
US / ˈaɪlənd /
•UK / ˈaɪlənd /
- noun
- Area of land that is surrounded by water
helpful
US / ˈhelpfl /
•UK / ˈhɛlpfəl /
- adjecitve
- Doing things that help someone
disappear
US / ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r) /
•UK / ˌdɪsəˈpɪr /
- verb
- To no longer see because it's not there any more
fuel
US / 'fju:əl /
•UK / ˈfjuəl /
- noun
- Material used to produce heat or power when burned
- verb
- To give power to (a mob, anger, etc.); incite
- To provide gas or petrol for something
however
US / haʊˈevə(r) /
•UK / haʊˈevɚ /
- adverb
- In whatever way; by whatever means
- conjunction
- (Used to introduce a counter statement)
experiment
US / ɪk'sperɪmənt /
•UK / ɪkˈspɛrəmənt /
- noun
- Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
- verb
- To create and perform tests to research something
- To try something new that you haven't tried before
advanced
US / ədˈvɑ:nst /
•UK / ædˈvænst /
- adjecitve
- With a high level of skill or development
- very old
- verb
- (Of an army) to move forward
- To change or improve
- To increase in price or value
- To move forward in a certain direction
- To try to seduce someone
reflect
US / rɪ'flekt /
•UK / rɪˈflɛkt /
- verb
- To indicate or be a sign of something
- To bounce back light, heat, sound from a surface
- To show an image in glass, water, a mirror etc.
- To think of something seriously and carefully
boom
US / bu:m /
•UK / bum /
- noun
- Very fast increase in growth or popularity
- A very loud and deep sound
- verb
- To experience a rapid increase in growth
- To make a very loud and deep sound
aggressive
US / əˈgresɪv /
•UK / əˈɡrɛsɪv /
- adjecitve
- Using energy and determination to achieve a goal
- Behaving in a hostile and threatening way
generate
US / ˈdʒenəreɪt /
•UK / ˈdʒɛnəˌret /
- verb
- To create or be produced or bring into existence
- To create electricity, heat, energy and power
blast
US / blɑ:st /
•UK / blæst /
- noun
- Destructive wave of air from an explosion
- Strong current of wind
- verb
- To attack someone with words
- To destroy something with explosives
- To make a loud noise on or with something
storm
US / stɔ:m /
•UK / stɔrm /
- noun
- Weather with a lot of rain, snow and strong winds
- verb
- To act violently or angrily
cloud
US / klaʊd /
•UK / klaʊd /
- noun
- A mass of smoke or mist hanging in the air
- verb
- To confuse the mind/judgment of a person
- (Of the sky) to get darker and fill with clouds
- To make (glass, etc.) difficult to see through
- To make an activity less pleasant or enjoyable
- (Of person's face, etc.) to show worry/anger
intend
US / ɪnˈtend /
•UK / ɪnˈtɛnd /
- verb
- To plan or want to do something
failure
US / ˈfeɪljə(r) /
•UK / 'feɪljər /
- noun
- When things go wrong; lack of function
- Act or result of not achieving your goals
meter
US / ˈmi:tə(r) /
•UK / ˈmitɚ /
- noun
- Unit of length equal to 100 cm or about 39 inches
- Device for measuring things e.g. gas
- Device to put money into to rent a parking place
- Rhythm of a poem
- verb
- To measure water, etc. when it has to be paid for
predict
US / prɪ'dɪkt /
•UK / prɪˈdɪkt /
- verb
- To guess or estimate what will or might happen
craft
US / krɑ:ft /
•UK / kræft /
- noun
- Job requiring a worker to have specific skills
- Vehicle that travels on water or through the air
- verb
- To make by hand and with much skill
disaster
US / dɪ'zɑ:stə(r) /
•UK / dɪˈzæstɚ, -ˈsæs- /
- noun
- State of extreme ruin and misfortune
climate
US / ˈklaɪmət /
•UK / ˈklaɪmɪt /
- noun
- Typical weather conditions in a particular place
consequence
US / ˈkɔnsikwəns /
•UK / ˈkɑnsɪˌkwɛns,-kwəns /
- noun
- Importance of a person or thing
- Outcome of an event; result
mount
US / maʊnt /
•UK / maʊnt /
- noun
- An attachment used to keep something in place
- Title of a specific mountain
- Horse that someone is riding
- verb
- To attach something to something else
- To set a picture, jewel etc. in
- To sit on a horse or bike in order to ride it
- To climb a mountain
- To organize an exhibition, race etc.
- To start (an attack) against an enemy
category
US / ˈkætəgəri /
•UK / ˈkætɪˌɡɔri, -ˌɡori /
- noun
- Groups of things that are similar in some way
researcher
US / rɪ'sɜ:tʃə(r) /
•UK / rɪˈsətʃɚ /
- noun
- Someone who works to find new facts and ideas
investigate
US / ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt /
•UK / ɪnˈvɛstɪˌɡet /
- verb
- To try to find out facts; to carry out research
atmosphere
US / 'ætməsfɪə(r) /
•UK / ˈætməˌsfɪr /
- noun
- Air around us
- Feeling or mood of a place
management
US / 'mænɪdʒmənt /
•UK / ˈmænɪdʒmənt /
- noun
- People who are in control of a business or group
- The process of running an organization
seemingly
US / ˈsi:mɪŋli /
•UK / ˈsiːmɪŋli /
- adverb
- Appearing to be but may not actually be; probably
suggestion
US / səˈdʒestʃən /
•UK / səɡˈdʒɛstʃən, səˈdʒɛs- /
- noun
- Idea about what someone should do
desperate
US / ˈdespərət /
•UK / ˈdɛspərɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being beyond hope; prepared to do anything
- State of urgently wanting to go to the toilet
pursue
US / pə'sju: /
•UK / pɚˈsu /
- verb
- To follow and try to catch, or to reach a goal
- To try to achieve or get something over time
kilometre
US / ˈkɪləmi:tə(r) /
•UK / ˈkɪləmiːtər /
- noun
- A metric unit of length equal to 1000 metres
northern
US / ˈnɔːðən /
•UK / ˈnɔːrðərn /
- adjecitve
- In or toward the north
scheme
US / ski:m /
•UK / skim /
- noun
- Plan (sometimes dishonest) to get or do something
- Way something is organized, e.g. colors of a room
- verb
- To make secret plans to do something (often bad)
execute
US / ˈeksɪkju:t /
•UK / ˈɛksɪˌkjut /
- verb
- To kill someone, usually as an official punishment
- To perform a plan or action
safely
US / ˈseɪfli /
•UK / ˈseflɪ /
- adverb
- Out of danger
lightning
US / ˈlaɪtnɪŋ /
•UK / ˈlaɪtnɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Moving very fast or occurring suddenly
- noun
- Flashes of light in the sky caused by a storm
crop
US / krɒp /
•UK / krɑp /
- noun
- Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
- Section of short, thick hair
- verb
- To cut something to a shorter length or size
barrier
US / 'bærɪə(r) /
•UK / ˈbæriɚ /
- noun
- Difficult situation preventing something happening
- Structure or object that stops free movement
enhance
US / ɪn'hɑ:ns /
•UK / ɛnˈhæns /
- verb
- To improve; make bigger or better
solar
US / 'səʊlə(r) /
•UK / ˈsolɚ /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the sun, or its heat
steam
US / sti:m /
•UK / stim /
- noun
- Mist collecting on a surface when wet air cools
- Source of stamina, strength or energy
- Mist of water in the air formed when water boils
- verb
- To cover a surface with steam, so as to clean it
- To cook in mist of tiny drops from boiling water
- To produce or give off a hot gas by boiling liquid
- To travel or move using steam as a force
- adjecitve
- (Train, engine) powered by boiling water
rebound
US / rɪ'baʊnd /
•UK / ˈriˈbaʊnd, rɪ- /
- noun
- Bouncing off something, then going back into play
- Recovery after defeat/bad time back to good state
- verb
- To bounce off of a surface
- To recover or increase after decreasing
countless
US / ˈkaʊntləs /
•UK / ˈkaʊntlɪs /
- adjecitve
- Being too many to be numbered or imagined
phenomenon
US / fə'nɒmɪnən /
•UK / fɪˈnɑməˌnɑn, -nən /
- noun
- Unusual event, fact that can be studied
- Interesting or unusual person, group
- something that exists and can be seen, felt, tasted, etc., especially something unusual or interesti
rapidly
US / 'ræpɪdlɪ /
•UK / ˈræpɪdlɪ /
- adverb
- With great speed; quickly
globe
US / gləʊb /
•UK / gloʊb /
- noun
- A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
endure
US / ɪn'djʊə(r) /
•UK / ɛnˈdʊr, -ˈdjʊr /
- verb
- To last for a long time; continue to exist
- To accept difficulties without struggle
risky
US / ˈrɪski /
•UK / ˈrɪski /
- adjecitve
- With the chance it may be dangerous, unsuccessful
realm
US / relm /
•UK / rɛlm /
- noun
- Area ruled by a king or queen
- Field of knowledge or thought
resort
US / rɪ'zɔ:t /
•UK / rɪ'zɔ:rt /
- noun
- Act of choosing something to help with a problem
- Vacation hotel or complex; area for holidays
april
US / ˈeɪprəl /
•UK / ˈeɪprəl /
- noun
- 4th month of the year
- Person's name
approval
US / əˈpru:vl /
•UK / əˈpruvəl /
- noun
- Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
- Positive opinion of something or someone
orbit
US / 'ɔ:bɪt /
•UK / ˈɔrbɪt /
- noun
- Path an object takes as it circles another object
- verb
- To go around another object (often in space)
heating
US / ˈhiːtɪŋ /
•UK / ˈhiːtɪŋ /
- noun
- System that provides warmth to a house or building
- verb
- To make hot or hotter
replicate
US / 'replɪkeɪt /
•UK / ˈrɛplɪˌket /
- verb
- To make one or more exact copies of itself
- To repeat something (e.g. experiment, process)
ash
US / æʃ /
•UK / æʃ /
- noun
- Gray powder left after a fire
tribute
US / 'trɪbju:t /
•UK / ˈtrɪbjut /
- noun
- Something that is said or done to show respect
- Payment, e.g. to another country, for protection
marine
US / mə'ri:n /
•UK / məˈrin /
- adjecitve
- Of the ocean or ocean plants and animals
- Concerning sailing or doing business by sea
- noun
- Soldier trained to serve on land and sea
sunlight
US / ˈsʌnlaɪt /
•UK / ˈsʌnˌlaɪt /
- noun
- Rays of light coming from the sun
chaotic
US / keɪ'ɒtɪk /
•UK / keɪˈɒtɪk /
- adjecitve
- Utterly confused
fossil
US / 'fɒsl /
•UK / ˈfɑsəl /
- noun
- Plant or animal that became rock after many years
radiation
US / ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn /
•UK / ˌrediˈeʃən /
- noun
- Energy transmitted as rays, waves or particles
- Process of emitting something in waves
- Harmful waves of energy from nuclear activity
proposal
US / prəˈpəʊzl /
•UK / prəˈpozəl /
- noun
- Act of asking someone to marry you
- Offer or plan to people who can decide about it
emission
US / iˈmɪʃn /
•UK / ɪˈmɪʃən /
- noun
- A substance (e.g. gas) released into the air
unpredictable
US / ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl /
•UK / ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbəl /
- adjecitve
- Difficult to guess about (the future)
intervention
US / ˌɪntə'venʃn /
•UK / ˌɪntə'venʃn /
- noun
- Getting involved to solve a disagreement, problem
experimental
US / ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl /
•UK / ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntl /
- adjecitve
- Using techniques that are different or untried
curb
US / kɜ:b /
•UK / kɚb /
- noun
- Anything that restrains or controls
epidemic
US / ˌepɪ'demɪk /
•UK / ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk /
- adjecitve
- Disease that spreads quickly affecting many
- noun
- Something that spreads suddenly and widely
rogue
US / rəʊg /
•UK / roʊg /
- adjecitve
- Being corrupt, dangerous, or uncontrollable
- noun
- Wicked or problematic person
erupt
US / ɪˈrʌpt /
•UK / ɪˈrʌpt /
- verb
- To begin doing something or happen suddenly
- (Volcano) to spill hot rocks, smoke, and fire
greenhouse
US / 'ɡri:nhaʊs /
•UK / ˈɡrinˌhaʊs /
- adjecitve
- Greenhouse gas that makes the Earth get warmer
- noun
- Glass building used for growing plants
intervene
US / ˌɪntəˈvi:n /
•UK / ˌɪntərˈvi:n /
- verb
- To get involved to try to prevent trouble
havoc
US / ˈhævək /
•UK / 'hævək /
- noun
- Situation with destruction, damage and confusion
ripple
US / 'rɪpl /
•UK / ˈrɪpəl /
- noun
- Small gentle low wave on the surface of water, etc.
- Sound/noise/laughter that changes in volume
- Feeling or emotion that spreads through a person
- verb
- To travel or move as small, gentle waves
- To be spread through a person or group
foremost
US / 'fɔ:məʊst /
•UK / ˈfɔrˌmost,ˈfor- /
- adjecitve
- Being the best or most important
atmospheric
US / ˌætməsˈferɪk /
•UK / ˌætməˈsfɛrɪk, -ˈsfɪr- /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or located in the air around us
deliberate
US / dɪ'lɪbərət /
•UK / dɪˈlɪbərɪt /
- adjecitve
- Carefully thought out in advance
- Done purposely
- verb
- To consider a problem or decision carefully
bleach
US / bli:tʃ /
•UK / blitʃ /
- noun
- Chemical that disinfects and whitens
- verb
- To use a chemical that disinfects and whitens
- To make (e.g. hair) lighter in color; lighten
- (Of object) to lose color due to sunlight
despair
US / dɪ'speə(r) /
•UK / dɪˈspɛr /
- noun
- Felling of having lost all hope
- verb
- To have lost all hope; lose heart
agriculture
US / ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ /
- noun
- The science of farming
ascend
US / ə'send /
•UK / əˈsɛnd /
- verb
- To rise, go up to a higher level
bleak
US / bli:k /
•UK / blik /
- adjecitve
- Desolate and colorless; without much hope
volcanic
US / vɒlˈkænɪk /
•UK / vɑ:lˈkænɪk /
- adjecitve
- (E.g. of a temperament) easily angered; violent
- Of or relating to a volcano or volcanoes
wreak
US / ri:k /
•UK / rik /
- verb
- To cause something damaging or violent to happen
restrain
US / rɪ'streɪn /
•UK / rɪˈstren /
- verb
- To limit, restrict, or keep under control
celsius
US / ˈselsiəs /
•UK / ˈselsiəs /
- noun
- Another name for 'centigrade'
reef
US / ri:f /
•UK / rif /
- noun
- Line of rocks or sand at the surface of the ocean
- Rolling up sail to make it smaller in strong winds
- verb
- To roll up sail to make it smaller in strong winds
shockingly
US / 'ʃɒkɪŋlɪ /
•UK / 'ʃɒkɪŋlɪ /
- adverb
- Extremely or greatly (in a bad way)
unnatural
US / ʌnˈnætʃrəl /
•UK / ʌnˈnætʃərəl /
- adjecitve
- Not being what you would expect; not normal
- Being different from anything occurring in nature
eruption
US / ɪ'rʌpʃn /
•UK / ɪˈrʌpʃən /
- noun
- Act of happening suddenly or begin doing
- Process of a volcano shooting out hot rocks
swathe
US / sweɪð /
•UK / swɑð, swɔð, sweð /
- verb
- To wrap in many bandages, wrapping material, etc.
hemisphere
US / ˈhemɪsfɪə(r) /
•UK / ˈhɛmɪˌsfɪr /
- noun
- One half of a rounded, ball-like object
- One of the two masses forming the brain
apocalyptic
US / əˌpɒkəˈlɪptɪk /
•UK / əˌpɑkəˈlɪptɪk /
- adjecitve
- Involving great disaster or destruction
famine
US / ˈfæmɪn /
•UK / ˈfæmɪn /
- noun
- Long-lasting period of little food in an area
periodically
US / ˌpɪərɪ'ɒdɪklɪ /
•UK / pɪrɪˈɑdɪklɪ /
- adverb
- Over time, often with regular spaces between
enlarge
US / ɪn'lɑ:dʒ /
•UK / ɛnˈlɑrdʒ /
- verb
- To make something larger (e.g. a photo)
unintended
US / ˌʌnɪnˈtendɪd /
•UK / ˌʌnɪnˈtɛndɪd /
- adjecitve
- Being unplanned or not as planned
plume
US / plu:m /
•UK / plum /
- noun
- Bird's feather, especially when colorful
indonesia
US / ˌɪndəʊ'ni:zjə /
•UK / ˌɪndə'ni:ʒəˌ -ʃəˌ -doʊ- /
- noun
- A republic in southeastern Asia on an archipelago including more than , islands; achieved independen
haze
US / heɪz /
•UK / hez /
- noun
- Dust, smoke, or gas that darkens or clouds the air
- State of confusion about thoughts, or meanings
- verb
- To initiate members who perform dangerous acts
prematurely
US / 'premətʃə(r)lɪ /
•UK / ˌpriməˈtjʊrlɪ /
- adverb
- Before the end of the natural or desired time
precipitation
US / prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn /
•UK / prɪˌsɪpɪˈteʃən /
- noun
- Material that falls from sky; rain, snow or hail
- Chemical process of separating solids from liquids
hazy
US / 'heɪzɪ /
•UK / ˈhezi /
- adjecitve
- Unclear, dark, or clouded due to dust, smoke etc.
- Not being exact, certain, or clear
blot
US / blɒt /
•UK / blɑ:t /
- verb
- To remove a spot by putting absorbent material on
- To block out something so it cannot be seen
- To make a spot by accident
governmental
US / ˌgʌvnˈmentl /
•UK / ˌɡʌvərnˈmentl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning government or government business
billow
US / ˈbɪləʊ /
•UK / ˈbɪloʊ /
- noun
- A large wave or surge of water
- verb
- (Smoke, clouds, hair) to float and blow in the air
soot
US / sʊt /
•UK / sʊt, sut /
- noun
- Fine, black powder produced during burning
furthermore
US / ˌfɜ:ðəˈmɔ:(r) /
•UK / ˌfɜ:rðərˈmɔ:r /
- adverb
- In addition to what has been said
sunshade
US / ˈsʌnʃeɪd /
•UK / ˈsʌnˌʃed /
- noun
- A parasol, awning, or other device giving protection from the sun.
sulphurous
US / ˈsʌlfərəs /
•UK / ˈsʌlfərəs /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or containing sulfur
krakatoa
US / /
•UK / /
- proper noun
- A small volcanic island in Indonesia that lies between Java and Sumatra. It was the scene of a great
pinatubo
US / /
•UK / /
- other
- A volcano on Luzon to the northwest of Manila; erupted in after years of dormancy