When your Friend finds your INTERNET HISTORY
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Original YouTube Video | StevenHe Published on 2023-03-31
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A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
be
US / bɪ /
•UK / bi /
- verb
- Being
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
not
US / nɒt /
•UK / nɑt /
- adverb
- Word indicating the negative
- (Used to form the negative of verbs)
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
you
US / jʊ /
•UK / ju /
- pronoun
- Person someone is speaking or writing to
- Person or people in general
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
can
US / kæn /
•UK / kən,kæn /
- noun
- A metal container for storing food
- other
- Able to; have the skill to; have the time to
- verb
- To have permission to
- To be possible to do
- To preserve food by sealing it in a metal container
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
what
US / wɒt /
•UK / hwɑt, hwʌt, wɔt, wʌt,hwət, wət /
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to a particular amount, or number
- Used to place emphasis on a particular quality
- adverb
- To a certain degree
- determiner
- Question words used for asking for information
- exclamation
- Used to express excitement, shock, or surprise
- Used to ask people to repeat something they said
- pronoun
- Thing or things that; the same kind as
- Used to emphasize something you are about to say
do
US / du: /
•UK / du /
- other
- Question words for 'do' verbs
- verb
- To act; to perform actions
- To be enough; to be acceptable
- To have a certain effect on something or someone
like
US / laɪk /
•UK / laɪk /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in status or kind to something else
- Similar; the same
- adverb
- For example
- preposition
- Used as a filler; used to ad emphasis
- In a way similar to the way something is done
- Such as; for example
- verb
- To want to
- To find something pleasing; to prefer something
will
US / wɪl /
•UK / wɪl /
- noun
- Desire or choice of someone
- Document saying who gets your money when you die
- Strong desire to do something; determination
- Desire to do something; strong wish to do
- other
- Used with verbs to express the future
- verb
- To leave property to someone after your death
- To use mental effort to make something happen
- Am (is, are) likely to do
- To influence someone to do something
- To make something happen by strongly wanting it
go
US / ɡəʊ /
•UK / ɡo /
- noun
- A turn in a game
- verb
- To attend or be at a place
- To do an activity
- To function properly
- To move or travel to another place
there
US / ðɛə /
•UK / ðɛr /
- adverb
- Used to illustrate the existence of something
- In a particular respect
- In that place or position, at that location
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
make
US / meɪk /
•UK / mek /
- noun
- Product made by a particular company; brand
- verb
- To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- To get to (a place) on time
- To gain the status of (teacher, lawyer, etc.)
- To create something by putting things together
- To earn a certain amount of money at a job
- To cause or force a person to do something
- To cause something to happen or be formed
know
US / nəʊ /
•UK / noʊ /
- verb
- To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- To feel sure or be convinced about something
- To discover or be aware of something
- To be able to distinguish
- To have knowledge of things
think
US / θɪŋk /
•UK / θɪŋk /
- verb
- To have an idea about something without certainty
- To have an idea, opinion or belief about something
your
US / jɔ: /
•UK / jʊr, jɔr, jor,jə /
- determiner
- Belonging to you; belonging to the other person
time
US / taɪm /
•UK / taɪm /
- noun
- Speed at which music is played; tempo
- Point as shown on a clock, e.g. 3 p.m
- Number of hours, minutes needed to do something
- Occasion when something happens
- Period or occasion that something occurred
- Period in history or the past
- Something measured in minutes, hours, days, etc.
- How long an event takes; duration
- verb
- To check speed at which music is performed
- To choose a specific moment to do something
- To measure how long an event takes, e.g. a race
- To schedule something to occur at a specific moment
come
US / kʌm /
•UK / kʌm /
- verb
- To arrive at a place
- (Of mail) to be delivered
- To move toward someone; go with someone
- To reach a certain point or state
when
US / wen /
•UK / wɛn /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or during the time something happens
- adverb
- Word you use to ask about the time, or day
- conjunction
- Although
- In the event that; if
- pronoun
- Which time
would
US / wʊd /
•UK / wʊd /
- other
- Used to indicate something imagined
- Used to ask or request something politely
- Verb used to indicate possibility, request etc.
- Used to indicate a preference
- Used to indicate a reaction
- Indicates something that occurred repeatedly
- Used to indicate willingness or ability to do
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
because
US / bɪ'kɒz /
•UK / bɪˈkɔz, -ˈkʌz /
- conjunction
- For a reason
take
US / teɪk /
•UK / tek /
- noun
- Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
- verb
- To accept something that is offered
- To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
- To use a camera to make (a photo)
- To pick up something and go away with it
- To study a subject in school
- To attempt to pass (an exam)
- To require a certain amount of time, money, space
here
US / hɪə(r) /
•UK / hɪr /
- adverb
- In this place; at this location, position or time
good
US / ɡʊd /
•UK / ɡʊd /
- adjecitve
- Proper, appropriate or right
- (Of an amount) enough; plenty
- Excellent; high quality
- Acting well or properly; of moral character
- In a positive or happy emotional state
- noun
- Advantage or benefit
say
US / seɪ /
•UK / se /
- noun
- Power to decide or greatly influence something
- verb
- To indicate or give information using language
- To use words to tell your message
- To ask someone to give information to others
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
right
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- adjecitve
- Correct or true
- The south side of you looking at the rising sun
- adverb
- Exactly in a place or time
- Being appropriate for a particular event
- In a straight or direct manner
- noun
- Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
- Ideal of what is just and good
- Political view based on conservatism
- verb
- To fix something previously wrong or unjust
- To make upright, as a boat that has turned over
thing
US / θɪŋ /
•UK / θɪŋ /
- noun
- (Used to introduce the reason for something)
- Something you cannot remember the name of
then
US / ðen /
•UK / ðɛn /
- adverb
- A time that is not now
- Following another thing in time or arrangement
- Following on reasonably from what was just stated
- At that time, not now
way
US / weɪ /
•UK / we /
- adverb
- Used to emphasize the amount of something
- noun
- Particular aspect of something being thought about
- One of various choices that could be made
- Particular existing condition or state
- (Often long) distance or length of time
- How something is done
- Route to go to a place
- Small street
- Usual behavior, emotions or habits of someone
could
US / kəd /
•UK / kʊd /
- other
- Past form of 'can' to mean have ability
- Used to ask for something politely, or to offer
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
actually
US / ˈæktʃuəli /
•UK / ˈæktʃuəli /
- adverb
- Used to add new (often different) information
give
US / ɡɪv /
•UK / ɡɪv /
- noun
- Degree of flexibility in something, a material
- verb
- To hand over or present something to someone
- To cause someone to have or experience something
first
US / fɜ:st /
•UK / fɚst /
- adjecitve
- 1st; Coming before all others in time or place
- noun
- Something that has not happened before
- Position of the winner of a competition
try
US / traɪ /
•UK / traɪ /
- noun
- Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
- verb
- To make an effort, to attempt to do something
- To examine someone or something in a court of law
- To test to see if it is good or you like it
- To make a person go through hardship; test
- To examine something to see if it works
only
US / ˈəunli /
•UK / ˈonli /
- adverb
- Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
- Not very important or serious
- Just that type of thing, person
- Short time ago; not before a certain time
- conjunction
- Except; but
put
US / pʊt /
•UK / pʊt /
- phrasal verb
- to make a light stop shining by pressing or moving a switch
- verb
- To move or place a thing in a particular position
- To rate something in importance or value
- To write or say something in a certain manner
off
US / ɒf /
•UK / ɔ:f /
- adjecitve
- (Of event) canceled; no longer occurring
- Not having on; not wearing
- Being somewhat wrong
- adverb
- Separated, removed, or away from a place or route
- (Of a machine) no longer turned on or operating
- (Of light, computer) no longer attached/connected
- Far away in terms of time or space
- preposition
- Away or free from work
- (Of foods, drink) old and bad to eat, drink
- Extending or leading from something
- No longer in or on some transport or vehicle
tell
US / tel /
•UK / tɛl /
- verb
- To (strongly) advise a person to do something
- To be able to guess
- To say or communicate information to someone
- To inform, but without speaking; indicate
- To have a negative effect on someone
- To order someone to do something; command
- To recognize something based on certain signs
- To report something to an authority
- To explain something or teach someone something
find
US / faɪnd /
•UK / faɪnd /
- noun
- Object discovered by chance
- Things that have been discovered from searching
- verb
- To become aware of something that is happening
- To discover or meet by chance
- To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
- To learn through study, research, or effort
- To discover something by looking for it
too
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- adverb
- In addition, also; with emphasis
- Say that something is more than you want
mean
US / mi:n /
•UK / min /
- adjecitve
- Being good at
- Nasty; unkind
- Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
- noun
- Average of a set of numbers
- verb
- To express a particular idea or thought
- To intend to do something in particular
- To have a particular meaning or value
around
US / ə'raʊnd /
•UK / əˈraʊnd /
- adjecitve
- Close to someone or something
- adverb
- Located on every side, or along something
- With a motion that moves in a circle or a curve
- Going here and there within (a place)
- Turned or turning in the opposite direction
- preposition
- Roughly; approximately
why
US / waɪ /
•UK / hwaɪ, waɪ /
- adverb
- Question word to ask for a reason
- exclamation
- (Used to express surprise or approval)
guy
US / ɡaɪ /
•UK / ɡaɪ /
- noun
- Man; boy; any person
show
US / ʃəʊ /
•UK / ʃo /
- noun
- False display of love, emotion or action
- An event for displaying or promoting goods
- Play, opera or theater production
- Presentation that is broadcast on TV or radio
- verb
- To be easily seen or displayed
- To display your emotions or feelings
- To let someone see something; display
- To explain or teach how something is done
- To lead someone somewhere; point them to something
- To prove something to be true, correct
- To reveal or allow something to be seen
sure
US / ʃʊə(r) /
•UK / ʃʊr /
- adjecitve
- Having no doubts about something
- Have confidence in your own words or actions
- Firmly established or held; being firm or stable
- Being correct or true
- adverb
- What you say to agree willingly
keep
US / ki:p /
•UK / kip /
- noun
- Large, strong tower in the middle of a castle
- Money spent on you so you can live in a place
- verb
- To continue doing something; not to stop
- To stop balls going in a goal in sports
- To not give back or return something
- (Of food) to not spoil or not rot
- To take possession of something to own, e.g. a pet
- To have and continue to hold something
- To do something that you have promised or agreed
- To stay in a certain place or condition
- To maintain the rules
happen
US / 'hæpən /
•UK / ˈhæpən /
- verb
- To take place or occur
watch
US / wɒtʃ /
•UK / wɑtʃ /
- noun
- Period of time someone is responsible for guarding
- Device you wear on your wrist that shows the time
- Official warning statement, e.g. of bad weather
- verb
- To keep in check, manage, or control something
- To look at something for entertainment, e.g. TV
- To guard a place or people; protect child, etc.
- To look at carefully to work out what is happening
- To protect and care for someone or something
never
US / 'nevə(r) /
•UK / ˈnɛvɚ /
- adverb
- Not ever; not at any time
pretty
US / 'prɪtɪ /
•UK / ˈprɪti /
- adjecitve
- Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- adverb
- Very; to a great degree
help
US / help /
•UK / hɛlp /
- noun
- Something given to enable a person to do something
- Assistance given to someone in need
- Someone who makes something easier or possible
- verb
- To act to enable a person to do something; assist
- To make something better or less difficult
probably
US / ˈprɒbəbli /
•UK / ˈprɑbəbli /
- adverb
- That is likely to happen or be true
ever
US / 'evə(r) /
•UK / ˈɛvɚ /
- adverb
- At any time; at all times in the future
move
US / mu:v /
•UK / muv /
- noun
- Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
- An action; doing something
- Step taken to achieve a goal
- verb
- To cause someone to have certain emotions
- To cause something to change to a different place
- To change where people live or a business operates
- To take action to do or achieve something
away
US / ə'weɪ /
•UK / əˈwe /
- adjecitve
- Not present
- adverb
- Disappear completely
- Doing something with a lot of energy
- Not here; far from here; in a different direction
- To a different area, location
man
US / mæn /
•UK / mæn /
- noun
- Humans in general, including male and female
- An adult male human being
- Male who acts in a masculine way; not like a woman
- verb
- To control or operate (a machine); be in charge of
- To operate a machine (a boat, etc.)
real
US / rɪəl /
•UK / ˈriəl, ril /
- adjecitve
- Actually existing or happening, not imagined
- Being important or special
stuff
US / stʌf /
•UK / stʌf /
- noun
- Generic description for things, materials, objects
- verb
- To push material inside something, with force
ok
US / əʊˈkeɪ /
•UK / oʊˈkeɪ /
- adjecitve
- Yes; alright
- adverb
- Yes; alright
- exclamation
- Yes; alright
hold
US / həʊld /
•UK / hold /
- noun
- Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
- Influence or power held over someone
- Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
- verb
- To agree to keep something for someone
- To have the capacity to support/contain something
- To control an area and protect it from attack
- To not allow someone to leave a place
- To cause an event to happen at a place or time
- To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
- To have a specific quality or property
- To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
- To have or own something
- To wait before being able to talk on the phone
- To limit the movement of someone in a sport
believe
US / bɪ'li:v /
•UK / bɪˈliv /
- verb
- To think or accept that something is true
- To have a particular opinion about something
yeah
US / jeə /
•UK / ˈjɛə, ˈjæə, jɛ- /
- exclamation
- Another way of saying 'yes'
cool
US / ku:l /
•UK / kul /
- adjecitve
- Steady and calm when facing difficulties
- Almost cold; not warm or hot
- Smart or stylish in a way (young) people admire
- Unfriendly in an indirect way; distant
- verb
- To make something decrease in temperature
- (Of an emotion, etc.) to become less strongly felt
buy
US / baɪ /
•UK / baɪ /
- noun
- Something you pay for
- verb
- To believe something; accept
- To get something by paying money for it
course
US / kɔː(r)s /
•UK / kɔː(r)s /
- noun
- The route or direction e.g. a river moves along
- A series of lessons given over time
- Part of a meal that is served separately
- Place where horses etc. race against each other
- Route or direction that a river, etc. moves along
- verb
- To flow somewhere rapidly and in great quantity
deal
US / di:l /
•UK / dil /
- verb
- To cope with something - usually troubles
- To give (something bad e.g. news) to
- To buy and sell illegal drugs
- To give out (cards, etc.) to; distribute
- To do business with someone or to sell products
pay
US / peɪ /
•UK / pe /
- noun
- Money you receive from your job, work, etc.
- verb
- To give money for goods or work done
- To give (attention, respect, etc.) to
- To be punished or suffer for something you did
- To make (a visit) to a person or place
mind
US / maɪnd /
•UK / maɪnd /
- noun
- One's opinion or way of thinking about something
- Part of humans that allows us to think or feel
- verb
- To be bothered or upset by something
- To take care of someone e.g. as a bodyguard
please
US / pli:z /
•UK / pliz /
- adverb
- Used when you politely ask people for things
- verb
- To entertain someone, by dancing, singing etc.
- To make someone happy by doing something
free
US / fri: /
•UK / fri /
- adjecitve
- Living, happening without being controlled
- Costing no money
- Not working; not busy
- verb
- To release (e.g. bird) from a cage or prison
decide
US / dɪ'saɪd /
•UK / dɪˈsaɪd /
- verb
- To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
- To make a legal judgment in court
- to affect the result of something
die
US / daɪ /
•UK / daɪ /
- noun
- Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
- verb
- To cease to function or work
- (Of a thing) to stop being used or done
- (Of a person) to stop living
figure
US / ˈfiɡə /
•UK / ˈfɪɡjɚ /
- noun
- Your body shape
- Numbers in a calculation
- Doll-like thing meant to represent a person
- Picture or diagram giving information in a text
- Person who is very important or famous
- Shape of a person seen indistinctly or in outline
- Amount that is expressed in numbers
- verb
- To appear in a game, play or event
- To calculate how much something will cost
- To understand after thinking; work out
true
US / tru: /
•UK / tru: /
- adjecitve
- Agreeing with the facts; not false; real or actual
agree
US / əˈgri: /
•UK / əˈɡri /
- verb
- To have the same opinion as someone else
sell
US / sel /
•UK / sɛl /
- verb
- To exchange something for money
- To persuade people to do, like or agree
imagine
US / ɪ'mædʒɪn /
•UK / ɪˈmædʒɪn /
- verb
- To think creatively about; form mental picture of
history
US / 'hɪstrɪ /
•UK / ˈhɪstəri /
- noun
- Established pattern or record
- Study of past events as an academic subject
totally
US / ˈtəʊtəli /
•UK / ˈtotl:ɪ /
- adverb
- In a complete way; completely; absolutely
event
US / ɪˈvent /
•UK / ɪˈvɛnt /
- noun
- Any social gathering; occasion; planned activity
- Something that happens that you will remember
- Race or contest in a sports activity or program
dude
US / du:d /
•UK / dud, djud /
- noun
- Form of address for a man
appreciate
US / ə'pri:ʃɪeɪt /
•UK / əˈpriʃiˌet /
- verb
- To rise in value (of property or belongings)
- To be thankful for; to value or admire
mine
US / maɪn /
•UK / maɪn /
- noun
- A bomb hidden in the ground or the sea
- Rich source of material or information
- Place under the ground where coal, etc. is dug out
- pronoun
- That thing that belongs to me
- verb
- To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
- To dig into the earth or sea to obtain minerals
bro
US / brəʊ /
•UK / broʊ /
- noun
- Shortened form of 'brother'
cute
US / kju:t /
•UK / kjut /
- adjecitve
- Attractive in a pretty or endearing way
nobody
US / ˈnəʊbədi /
•UK / ˈnoʊbədi /
- pronoun
- No person; no one; not any person
secret
US / 'si:krət /
•UK / 'si:krət /
- adjecitve
- That you don't want others to know; private
- noun
- Information you do not want others to know
unique
US / jʊ'ni:k /
•UK / juˈnik /
- adjecitve
- Unlike other things; being the only one like it
technology
US / tek'nɒlədʒɪ /
•UK / tɛkˈnɑlədʒi /
- noun
- Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
lucky
US / 'lʌkɪ /
•UK / ˈlʌki /
- adjecitve
- Fortunate; having good things happen by chance
hello
US / hə'ləʊ /
•UK / hɛˈlo, hə- /
- exclamation
- What you say when you meet someone
limited
US / ˈlɪmɪtɪd /
•UK / ˈlɪmɪtɪd /
- adjecitve
- (Of a company) with a limit of financial liability
- With restrictions; not broad in scope
- verb
- To stop or prevent an increase past a point
customer
US / ˈkʌstəmə(r) /
•UK / ˈkʌstəmɚ /
- noun
- Someone who buys goods or services from a business
occur
US / əˈkɜ:(r) /
•UK / əˈkɚ /
- verb
- To come to pass or to happen
hilarious
US / hɪˈleəriəs /
•UK / hɪˈlɛriəs, -ˈlær-, haɪ- /
- adjecitve
- Extremely amusing; very funny
gym
US / dʒɪm /
•UK / dʒɪm /
- noun
- Physical education taught as a class in school
- Building used for physical activities or sports
apple
US / ˈæpl /
•UK / ˈæpəl /
- noun
- Hard round red or green fruit with a white center
edition
US / ɪˈdɪʃn /
•UK / ɪˈdɪʃən /
- noun
- Form in which a book, magazine etc. is released
anime
US / ˈænɪmeɪ /
•UK / ˈænəˌme /
- noun
- A form of Japanese animation
bullshit
US / ˈbʊlʃɪt /
•UK / ˈbʊlˌʃɪt /
- exclamation
- Telling lies, nonsense (very rude)
hmm
US / m /
•UK / m /
- exclamation
- Sound people make when they are confused
bundle
US / ˈbʌndl /
•UK / ˈbʌndl /
- noun
- A group of things that are tied/fastened together
- A set of products sold together cheaply
- verb
- To fasten, tie or wrap several things together
- To sell a set of products at a lower price
- To quickly send/take someone away
nah
US / nɑ: /
•UK / nɑ: /
- noun
- Way of saying 'No'
limb
US / lɪm /
•UK / lɪm /
- noun
- Leg, arm, branch or wing
- Part of something that extends out over an area
allergic
US / əˈlɜ:dʒɪk /
•UK / əˈlədʒɪk /
- adjecitve
- Of or having a reaction to an allergy
embarrass
US / ɪm'bærəs /
•UK / ɛmˈbærəs /
- verb
- To cause someone to feel ashamed
stash
US / stæʃ /
•UK / stæʃ /
- noun
- Supply of something that is hidden or stored
- verb
- To hide something in a secret place
ipad
US / ˈaɪˌpæd /
•UK / ˈaɪˈpæd /
dawg
US / dɔ:g /
•UK / dɔ:g /
- noun
- A male friend or acquaintance; a fellow
ebay
US / ˈiːbeɪ /
•UK / ˈiːbeɪ /
- transitive verb
- Buy or sell (goods) through the eBay website.
figurine
US / ˌfɪgjəˈri:n /
•UK / ˌfɪɡjəˈrin /
- noun
- Small statue of a person or animal