Why were there three popes at the same time? - Jo?lle Rollo-Koster
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Original YouTube Video | TEDEd Published on 2023-05-11
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the
US / ðə /
•UK / ðə /
- article
- Used to refer to something already mentioned
- Used to show there is only one of something
- determiner
- Used to describe all of a family
be
US / bɪ /
•UK / bi /
- verb
- Being
and
US / ənd /
•UK / ənd, ən,ænd /
- conjunction
- Used to refer to two or more things
- Plus; in addition; on top of that
- Used to introduce an action that follows another
that
US / ðæt /
•UK / ðæt, ðət /
- adjecitve
- The person or thing being talked about
- Used to identify something both the speakers know
- adverb
- Used to reinforce adjectives and adverbs
- To such a degree
- conjunction
- Used to connect a noun clause
- Used to introduce an adverbial clause
- Used to introduce a noun clause
- determiner
- Used as a noun to refer to something
- pronoun
- Referring an object far away
- Used to refer to the relative pronoun ‘which’
have
US / həv /
•UK / hæv /
- verb
- To drink, smoke, eat or use something
- To experience the effects of something
- To organize an event, or join in an activity
- To own, possess, or hold something
- To cause to happen or produce a particular effect
not
US / nɒt /
•UK / nɑt /
- adverb
- Word indicating the negative
- (Used to form the negative of verbs)
for
US / fə(r) /
•UK / fɔr,fə /
- preposition
- Used to show the purpose, or need of something
this
US / ðɪs /
•UK / ðɪs /
- adjecitve
- Used to indicate something already been discussed
- Used to indicate something happening around now
- adverb
- An indication by a physical motion or gesture
- A specific amount of
- determiner
- Person, thing, or idea near you
- pronoun
- Person, thing that has already been discussed
with
US / wɪð /
•UK / wɪð, wɪθ /
- preposition
- As an employee of a certain company
- Against something or someone
- By using something as a means
- Due to; because of
- Including
- Possessing as a feature
- Related to
- (Of the manner/attitude by which you do something)
- Used to express that people or things are together
but
US / bət /
•UK / bʌt,bət /
- conjunction
- Used before you say something different, opposite
they
US / ðeɪ /
•UK / ðe /
- pronoun
- Two or more people, animals, or things
just
US / dʒʌst /
•UK / dʒʌst /
- adjecitve
- Proper or appropriate; as is deserved
- Doing or being what is right or fair
- Legally correct; having enough evidence
- adverb
- Almost; nearly
- Exactly at the time of
- Exactly (the same as, like)
do
US / du: /
•UK / du /
- other
- Question words for 'do' verbs
- verb
- To act; to perform actions
- To be enough; to be acceptable
- To have a certain effect on something or someone
one
US / wʌn /
•UK / wʌn /
- adjecitve
- Used to refer to people generally
- Being a strong example of (something mentioned)
- number
- Number 1
- pronoun
- You; we; people in general; someone
- The thing or person previously referred to
there
US / ðɛə /
•UK / ðɛr /
- adverb
- Used to illustrate the existence of something
- In a particular respect
- In that place or position, at that location
out
US / aʊt /
•UK / aʊt /
- adverb
- No longer stylish (e.g. fashion)
- Away from home, business, or the usual place
- In a direction/movement away from inside or center
- noun
- Act when a batter cannot continue playing
- verb
- To tell people a secret
from
US / frəm /
•UK / frʌm, frɑm,frəm /
- preposition
- Starting at a particular place, time or level
see
US / si: /
•UK / si /
- verb
- To go on a date with someone
- To predict whether something is, or will be true
- To understand what someone says
- To use your eyes to look at something
- To visit a place often for sightseeing or pleasure
- To visit or meet with someone
- To find out by waiting or looking
- To watch (a game, movie or TV show)
come
US / kʌm /
•UK / kʌm /
- verb
- To arrive at a place
- (Of mail) to be delivered
- To move toward someone; go with someone
- To reach a certain point or state
want
US / wɔnt /
•UK / wɑnt, wɔnt /
- noun
- Something you desire or wish for
- State or condition of poverty
- verb
- To desire or wish for something; hope for a thing
more
US / mɔ:(r) /
•UK / mɔr, mor /
- adjecitve
- In addition; extra
- Greater in amount, number, or size
- adverb
- To a greater degree; in greater quantity
- For a longer period of time
- determiner
- Additional quantity
- pronoun
- A greater or additional number
when
US / wen /
•UK / wɛn /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or during the time something happens
- adverb
- Word you use to ask about the time, or day
- conjunction
- Although
- In the event that; if
- pronoun
- Which time
now
US / naʊ /
•UK / naʊ /
- adverb
- At the present time or moment
- Right away or in the next possible moment
- Used to refer to something that just happened
- Time between the present and a moment in the past
- conjunction
- Resulting from or because of something
take
US / teɪk /
•UK / tek /
- noun
- Filming of a single scene for TV or the movies
- verb
- To accept something that is offered
- To use a method of traveling, e.g. a bus or train
- To use a camera to make (a photo)
- To pick up something and go away with it
- To study a subject in school
- To attempt to pass (an exam)
- To require a certain amount of time, money, space
here
US / hɪə(r) /
•UK / hɪr /
- adverb
- In this place; at this location, position or time
say
US / seɪ /
•UK / se /
- noun
- Power to decide or greatly influence something
- verb
- To indicate or give information using language
- To use words to tell your message
- To ask someone to give information to others
how
US / haʊ /
•UK / haʊ /
- adjecitve
- To what degree? in what amount?
- adverb
- (Used to explain the way to do something)
- exclamation
- For what purpose or reason?
- (Used to ask someone or something's condition)
right
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- adjecitve
- Correct or true
- The south side of you looking at the rising sun
- adverb
- Exactly in a place or time
- Being appropriate for a particular event
- In a straight or direct manner
- noun
- Something you are legally or morally allowed to do
- Ideal of what is just and good
- Political view based on conservatism
- verb
- To fix something previously wrong or unjust
- To make upright, as a boat that has turned over
back
US / bæk /
•UK / bæk /
- adjecitve
- Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
- adverb
- Have returned to a place you were before
- noun
- The part of a chair that the upper body leans upon
- Location at the rear of something
- The reverse of side something
- Area on the rear of your body
- verb
- To bet money on something
- To go backwards in a car
- To support and encourage someone or some cause
these
US / ði:z /
•UK / ðiz /
- determiner
- People, things, or ideas near you
- pronoun
- The objects near the speaker
into
US / 'ɪntə /
•UK / ˈɪntu /
- preposition
- Moving or going inside something
- In the same direction as; in the direction of
- So as to become; taking the state of
over
US / 'əʊvə(r) /
•UK / ˈovɚ /
- adverb
- Finished; no longer happening
- Towards the ground/away from a standing position
- noun
- A set of six consecutive balls bowled in cricket
- other
- Finished
- preposition
- Showing the relation when a thing is above another
- On or covering something
- Above or across something
- More than you need
- From one side to the other
- In the direction of; toward
even
US / 'i:vn /
•UK / ˈivən /
- adjecitve
- Being equal in influence, power, possibility etc.
- Being divided equally or fairly
- (Of teams/contest) with similar chances of success
- Smooth, level, or regular
- Can be divided by 2; ending in 2, 4, 6, 8, or 0
- At a regular, equally steady manner
- Remaining steady and unchanging
- adverb
- (When this is surprising) as well; too
- (Used to compare two things/stress the difference)
- verb
- To make something level; to flatten
- To make something equal
give
US / ɡɪv /
•UK / ɡɪv /
- noun
- Degree of flexibility in something, a material
- verb
- To hand over or present something to someone
- To cause someone to have or experience something
where
US / hwɛə /
•UK / hwɛr, wɛr /
- conjunction
- At or in the place which
- In whatever place
- pronoun
- Word you use to ask the location of something
who
US / hu: /
•UK / hu /
- pronoun
- Which person
- Used to introduce information about people
two
US / tu: /
•UK / tu /
- number
- 2
try
US / traɪ /
•UK / traɪ /
- noun
- Act of putting the ball over the rugby goal line
- verb
- To make an effort, to attempt to do something
- To examine someone or something in a court of law
- To test to see if it is good or you like it
- To make a person go through hardship; test
- To examine something to see if it works
their
US / ðɛː /
•UK / ðer /
- determiner
- Belonging to them
only
US / ˈəunli /
•UK / ˈonli /
- adverb
- Just one; just that amount or thing; not more than
- Not very important or serious
- Just that type of thing, person
- Short time ago; not before a certain time
- conjunction
- Except; but
those
US / ðəʊz /
•UK / ðoz /
- determiner
- The people or things we are talking about
- pronoun
- The objects far from the speaker
still
US / stɪl /
•UK / stɪl /
- adjecitve
- Quiet; without sound
- adverb
- (Used of an action or condition that is ongoing)
- noun
- Machine or device for making alcohol
- Photograph (not a video or moving image)
find
US / faɪnd /
•UK / faɪnd /
- noun
- Object discovered by chance
- Things that have been discovered from searching
- verb
- To become aware of something that is happening
- To discover or meet by chance
- To decide if someone is guilty of a crime, or not
- To learn through study, research, or effort
- To discover something by looking for it
mean
US / mi:n /
•UK / min /
- adjecitve
- Being good at
- Nasty; unkind
- Not liking to spend money; cheap; stingy
- noun
- Average of a set of numbers
- verb
- To express a particular idea or thought
- To intend to do something in particular
- To have a particular meaning or value
his
US / hɪz /
•UK / hɪz /
- pronoun
- Something belonging to a male person
new
US / nju: /
•UK / nu, nju /
- adjecitve
- Not old, recently born, built or made
- Being or doing something for the first time
- Not felt, seen or known previously
- Having been recently bought or obtained
most
US / məʊst /
•UK / most /
- adverb
- Very; extremely
- Greatest possible degree
- determiner
- Constituting nearly all of something
- pronoun
- Nearly all of something
around
US / ə'raʊnd /
•UK / əˈraʊnd /
- adjecitve
- Close to someone or something
- adverb
- Located on every side, or along something
- With a motion that moves in a circle or a curve
- Going here and there within (a place)
- Turned or turning in the opposite direction
- preposition
- Roughly; approximately
call
US / kɔ:l /
•UK / kɔl /
- noun
- A order or request for action
- The sound an animal makes, often when in danger
- A correct prediction, e.g. a decision in a game
- A short visit to a place or person
- A decision by a referee or umpire in a game
- verb
- To make a request or order for action
- (Animal) to make sounds to warn of danger
- To announce the date of an election
- To make a judgment about something
- To give someone or something a name
- To guess in advance the result or outcome
- To visit a place or person for a short time
- To phone someone
- To speak, announce or shout in a loud voice
year
US / jə: /
•UK / jɪr /
- noun
- Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
- Used to refer to the age of a person
last
US / lɑ:st /
•UK / læst /
- adjecitve
- Most recent; the latest
- The one before
- adverb
- Final; with nothing following; after all others
- Most recent; the latest
- determiner
- The one at the end
- verb
- To remain or continue for a certain period of time
after
US / 'ɑ:ftə(r) /
•UK / ˈæftɚ /
- adverb
- Later than another time, or behind something
- conjunction
- Following something before
- preposition
- When an event happened or time has passed
he
US / hɪ /
•UK / hi /
- pronoun
- Object form of a male person you are talking about
- Refer to a person whose sex is not stated or known
end
US / end /
•UK / ɛnd /
- noun
- The point where a process or activity stops
- A point that marks the limit of something; finish
- Goal or desired result
- The tip, edge or limit of something
- verb
- To be the last part of something
three
US / θri: /
•UK / θri /
- number
- Number 3
play
US / pleɪ /
•UK / pleɪ /
- noun
- Loose, free movement between two objects
- Single action in a sports game
- Performance in which people act in a theater
- verb
- To act as a character in a movie, or on stage
- To perform music on an instrument
- To use a device, e.g. a video game
- To do something for enjoyment and fun
- To do or perform a game or sport
always
US / 'ɔ:lweɪz /
•UK / ˈɔlwez,-wɪz,-wiz /
- adverb
- For a very long time
- At all times; in every situation
- For ever
today
US / tə'deɪ /
•UK / təˈde /
- adverb
- On this day; at the time that is happening now
- noun
- This day; day that is happening now
move
US / mu:v /
•UK / muv /
- noun
- Act of moving a playing piece in chess, etc.
- An action; doing something
- Step taken to achieve a goal
- verb
- To cause someone to have certain emotions
- To cause something to change to a different place
- To change where people live or a business operates
- To take action to do or achieve something
while
US / waɪl /
•UK / hwaɪl, waɪl /
- conjunction
- In spite of the fact that; although
- During the time that; at the same time
- noun
- Short amount of time
own
US / əʊn /
•UK / on /
- adjecitve
- Belong to oneself
- determiner
- Yours, his, hers, etc.; not belonging to another
- pronoun
- (Something) belong to myself
- verb
- To have something as your property
world
US / wɜ:ld /
•UK / wɜrld /
- noun
- All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- Political division due to some kind of similarity
number
US / ˈnʌmbə(r) /
•UK / ˈnʌmbɚ /
- noun
- Symbols such as 1, 2, 56, 793
- Particular song or dance performed during a show
- Total quantity or amount of things
- verb
- To put numbers on things
- To assign a sequence within a group, series, set
- To claim to be part of a larger group, series, set
both
US / bəuθ /
•UK / boθ /
- determiner
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
- pronoun
- Used to refer to two things at the same time
close
US / kləʊz /
•UK / kloʊz /
- adjecitve
- Almost; near
- (Of a friend) well-known; liked by others
- Being near or related
- Similar; nearly the same
- verb
- To come progressively nearer to something
- To end; to bring to an end
- To make something shut; stop from being open
its
US / ɪts /
•UK / ɪts /
- adjecitve
- Referring to or belonging to ‘it’
- determiner
- Of something; belonging or related to something
- other
- Possessive form of “it”
become
US / bɪ'kʌm /
•UK / bɪˈkʌm /
- verb
- To begin to be; grow to be; develop into
- To be suitable for a particular job or role
name
US / neɪm /
•UK / nem /
- noun
- What something or someone is called
- verb
- To state what someone is called, e.g. John
each
US / i:tʃ /
•UK / itʃ /
- determiner
- Every one of two or more things
- pronoun
- Per one person or thing
since
US / sɪns /
•UK / sɪns /
- adverb
- At a point before the present time
- conjunction
- For this reason; because
- preposition
- From the time in the past that
hold
US / həʊld /
•UK / hold /
- noun
- Section of a ship or plane used for storing things
- Influence or power held over someone
- Place of support for hands or feet when climbing
- verb
- To agree to keep something for someone
- To have the capacity to support/contain something
- To control an area and protect it from attack
- To not allow someone to leave a place
- To cause an event to happen at a place or time
- To use hands or arms to carry or keep something
- To have a specific quality or property
- To keep an image, belief or feeling in your mind
- To have or own something
- To wait before being able to talk on the phone
- To limit the movement of someone in a sport
side
US / saɪd /
•UK / saɪd /
- adjecitve
- In addition to the central or most important thing
- Next to, or very close to, the right or left of
- noun
- Position or opinion that is opposite to another
- Right or left part of a person's body
- Feature of someone's personality
- Straight edge of an object
- One of two or more groups fighting each other
- verb
- To decide to agree with one point, not the other
between
US / bɪˈtwi:n /
•UK / bɪˈtwin /
- preposition
- From one person, thing, or place, to another
- In the space that separates two objects
- Among two or more people who share something
five
US / faɪv /
•UK / faɪv /
- number
- 5
almost
US / 'ɔ:lməʊst /
•UK / ˈɔlˌmost, ɔlˈmost /
- adverb
- Only a little less than, nearly, not quite
hand
US / hænd /
•UK / hænd /
- noun
- Cards given to a player in a card game
- Piece of a clock that points to the time
- Someone who performs physical tasks or work
- Body part at the end of a person's arm
- Help for someone performing a particular action
- Condition of having power or influence
- Member of the crew of a ship
- verb
- To give something to someone personally
stay
US / steɪ /
•UK / ste /
- noun
- Legal order to stop or delay an action
- Strong rope or wire that supports a ship's mast
- Period of time spent living in or visiting a place
- verb
- To keep trying without giving up
- To remain in the same place and not move away
- To spend time visiting a place or someone's home
until
US / ənˈtɪl /
•UK / ʌnˈtɪl /
- conjunction
- Up to; to a time when something happens
- preposition
- Before (a specific time)
person
US / 'pɜ:sn /
•UK / 'pɜ:rsn /
- noun
- Man, woman or child
follow
US / ˈfɔləu /
•UK / ˈfɑlo /
- verb
- To come after someone; be guided by someone
- To support someone, e.g. singer or comedian
- To be the logical result of something
- To happen after something else happens
- To believe a set of values or a moral teacher
- To understand something happening or being said
under
US / ˈʌndə(r) /
•UK / ˈʌndɚ /
- adjecitve
- In the same place as another thing, but lower
- adverb
- In a lower quantity or price than expected
- preposition
- According to the terms of an agreement or law
- Managed or controlled by the authority of
- Being of a lesser quality or amount than expected
- Influenced or affected by something or someone
- Less or lower in age, amount, size or number
against
US / əˈgenst /
•UK / əˈɡenst /
- preposition
- In physical contact with, as for support; next to
- In opposition to; disagreeing with
create
US / krɪ'eɪt /
•UK / kriˈet /
- verb
- To make, cause, or bring into existence
line
US / laɪn /
•UK / laɪn /
- noun
- Border that divides two places or regions
- Long crease in the skin, often from age
- Mark that is long, straight and very thin
- Row of words, letters or numbers that are written
- Telephone connection
- People waiting one behind the other; queue
- Long thin wire, e.g. for electrical signal
- verb
- To put material along the inside of something
begin
US / bɪ'ɡɪn /
•UK / ˈbeɡɪn /
- verb
- To do the first part of an action; to start
soon
US / su:n /
•UK / sun /
- adverb
- At a time not long from now
lead
US / li:d /
•UK / lid /
- adjecitve
- Being the main part in movies or plays
- noun
- Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- Information that could help to solve a crime
- Main part in a play or movie
- Heavy, gray metal element
- Rope used to tie something to stop it escaping
- Act of being at the front in a race or game
- verb
- To show the way or guide others
- To be at the front of a race or game
- To travel in front of; go in advance of others
month
US / mʌnθ /
•UK / mʌnθ /
- noun
- One of 12 28-31 day periods in the year
matter
US / 'mætə(r) /
•UK / ˈmætɚ /
- noun
- Material all things are made of that fills space
- Problem or reason for concern
- verb
- To be of great importance; to count
power
US / 'paʊə(r) /
•UK / ˈpaʊɚ /
- noun
- Legal or official right to perform certain actions
- Ability to move forcefully and quickly
- Energy of something (e.g. electricity or fuel)
- Mathematical way to multiply a number
- Condition of being in political control
- Physical force, energy, and strength
- verb
- To give energy to something, e.g. by electricity
- To move something forcefully and quickly
continue
US / kən'tɪnju: /
•UK / kənˈtɪnju /
- verb
- To do something without stopping, or after pausing
- To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop
decide
US / dɪ'saɪd /
•UK / dɪˈsaɪd /
- verb
- To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
- To make a legal judgment in court
- to affect the result of something
late
US / leɪt /
•UK / let /
- adjecitve
- Happening near the end of a given time
- Having died; having held some position recently
- At a time after the expected time
- adverb
- At a time after the expected time
step
US / step /
•UK / stɛp /
- noun
- Movement done as part of a particular dance
- Distance covered by one movement of a leg; stride
- One part or stage in a process
- Sound made by the feet while walking; footstep
- Flat horizontal piece that forms stairs
- verb
- To raise and moving the foot to put it down
die
US / daɪ /
•UK / daɪ /
- noun
- Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
- verb
- To cease to function or work
- (Of a thing) to stop being used or done
- (Of a person) to stop living
figure
US / ˈfiɡə /
•UK / ˈfɪɡjɚ /
- noun
- Your body shape
- Numbers in a calculation
- Doll-like thing meant to represent a person
- Picture or diagram giving information in a text
- Person who is very important or famous
- Shape of a person seen indistinctly or in outline
- Amount that is expressed in numbers
- verb
- To appear in a game, play or event
- To calculate how much something will cost
- To understand after thinking; work out
write
US / raɪt /
•UK / raɪt /
- verb
- To compose letters and words on paper or a screen
- To invent or create a computer program
- To create a song or piece of music
true
US / tru: /
•UK / tru: /
- adjecitve
- Agreeing with the facts; not false; real or actual
suppose
US / sə'pəʊz /
•UK / səˈpoʊz /
- conjunction
- What if
- verb
- To imagine or guess what might happen
instead
US / ɪnˈsted /
•UK / ɪnˈstɛd /
- adverb
- When one thing is replaced by another
issue
US / 'ɪʃu: /
•UK / ˈɪʃu /
- noun
- Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
- Single edition of a magazine
- verb
- To make something available to be used or sold
- To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner
finally
US / ˈfaɪnəli /
•UK / ˈfaɪnəli /
- adverb
- used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
- After a long time or some difficulty
term
US / tɜ:m /
•UK / tɚm /
- noun
- Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
- Length of time something is expected to happen
- Fixed period of weeks for learning at school
- The (precise) name given to something
- verb
- To call; give a name to
force
US / fɔ:s /
•UK / fɔrs, fors /
- noun
- Group of persons trained for military action; army
- Pressure; attraction
- The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
- verb
- To use physical strength or violence to persuade
situation
US / ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn /
•UK / ˌsɪtʃuˈeʃən /
- noun
- Place, position or area that something is in
- Circumstance or condition surrounding an event
- An unexpected problem or difficulty
choose
US / tʃu:z /
•UK / tʃuz /
- verb
- To select; decide between several possibilities
third
US / θɜ:d /
•UK / θɜ:rd /
- adjecitve
- 3rd: Number after second
group
US / ɡru:p /
•UK / ɡrup /
- noun
- Two or more musicians who play music together
- Number of people or things gathered together
- verb
- To combine or collect objects or people together
quickly
US / ˈkwɪkli /
•UK / ˈkwɪklɪ /
- adverb
- Without taking a lot of time; fast
seven
US / ˈsevn /
•UK / ˈsɛvən /
- number
- Number 7
agree
US / əˈgri: /
•UK / əˈɡri /
- verb
- To have the same opinion as someone else
city
US / 'sɪtɪ /
•UK / ˈsɪti /
- noun
- Area with many buildings, roads and people
safe
US / seɪf /
•UK / sef /
- adjecitve
- Highly likely
- Being out of danger
- noun
- Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
record
US / 'rekɔ:d /
•UK / ˈrekərd /
- noun
- Highest or most extreme level achieved
- Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
- History of a person's past actions or achievements
- verb
- To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
- To write down or say what happened
- To put music, sounds onto a device to store it
themselves
US / ðəmˈselvz /
•UK / ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðəm- /
- pronoun
- Reflexive form of 'they'
himself
US / hɪmˈself /
•UK / hɪmˈsɛlf /
- pronoun
- The same (male) person who did the action
return
US / rɪ'tɜ:n /
•UK / rɪ'tɜ:rn /
- adjecitve
- Do again; repeated
- noun
- Faulty or unwanted product sent back to a company
- Enter key; the main key on the computer keyboard
- Profit made as a result of a business activity
- Process of going back to a previous way or state
- verb
- To hit something back to the other player or team
- To come back after being away from somewhere
- To repay someone's actions, kindness etc.
- To put, bring, take, give, or send something back
- To occur again
remain
US / rɪˈmeɪn /
•UK / rɪˈmen /
- verb
- To be left behind; to continue to exist
- To stay in a place when other people have gone
- To be left undone (after other things changed)
several
US / ˈsevrəl /
•UK / ˈsɛvərəl,ˈsɛvrəl /
- adjecitve
- Many of
- pronoun
- More than two but not a large amount
choice
US / tʃɔɪs /
•UK / tʃɔɪs /
- adjecitve
- Of good quality or taste; desirable
- noun
- Decision between two or more possibilities
prove
US / pru:v /
•UK / pruv /
- verb
- To demonstrate truth by providing evidence
raise
US / reɪz /
•UK / rez /
- noun
- Increase in a bet above another when playing cards
- Pay increase
- verb
- To increase a bet above another when playing cards
- To gather donations for a cause or charity
- To bring up and educate a child to maturity
- To bring a dead person to life
- To increase a quantity, size, intensity or price
- To lift (e.g. your hand) to a higher position
- To mention a topic /issue for discussion; bring up
- To increase (salary, etc.)
- To grow or care for plants or animals
war
US / wɔ:(r) /
•UK / wɔr /
- noun
- Situation where armies fight each other
struggle
US / 'strʌɡl /
•UK / ˈstrʌɡəl /
- noun
- Strong efforts made to do something difficult
- verb
- To try very hard to do something difficult
rise
US / raɪz /
•UK / raɪz /
- noun
- Act or process of achieving a higher rank, status
- Ground higher than the areas next to or around it
- Movement from lower to greater heights
- verb
- To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
- (Of bread) to get larger due to air being created
- To achieve greater success and power or rank
- To increase in quantity, degree, strength, value
- To move from a lower position to a higher one
- (Sun, etc.) to appear over the horizon, in the sky
general
US / 'dʒenrəl /
•UK / ˈdʒɛnərəl /
- adjecitve
- Widespread, normal or usual
- noun
- Top ranked officer in the army
pressure
US / 'preʃə(r) /
•UK / ˈprɛʃɚ /
- noun
- Anxiety caused by difficult problems
- Force, weight when pressing against a thing
- Strong persuasion to do something
- verb
- To apply force to something
- To persuade or force someone to do something
recently
US / ˈri:sntli /
•UK / 'risṇtlɪ /
- adverb
- Just a while ago; not long ago
claim
US / kleɪm /
•UK / klem /
- noun
- Demand for something that is believed to be due
- Something said to be true when others don't agree
- verb
- To demand something that is believed to be due
- To cause someone's life to come to an end
- To say something is true when others may not agree
impact
US / 'ɪmpækt /
•UK / ˈɪmˌpækt /
- noun
- A striking effect or result to hit with force
- Very strong influence
- Act or force of one thing hitting something else
- verb
- To hit or strike someone or something with force
local
US / ˈləʊkl /
•UK / ˈloʊkl /
- adjecitve
- Relating to a particular area, city, or town
- noun
- Bus or train, that stops at most stations
- People who live in the area being discussed
- The pub you most frequently go to
among
US / əˈmʌŋ /
•UK / əˈmʌŋ /
- preposition
- In the center of several things
total
US / ˈtəʊtl /
•UK / ˈtoʊtl /
- adjecitve
- Complete
- noun
- Whole number or amount of something
- verb
- To damage a car beyond repair
attempt
US / ə'tempt /
•UK / əˈtɛmpt /
- noun
- Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
- verb
- To try to do something challenging or difficult
decade
US / ˈdekeɪd /
•UK / ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked /
- noun
- Period of 10 years
recent
US / 'ri:snt /
•UK / ˈrisənt /
- adjecitve
- Happening or beginning not long ago
official
US / əˈfɪʃl /
•UK / əˈfɪʃəl /
- adjecitve
- Real, exact, truely felt
- Of or done by someone in authority; formal
- noun
- A person authorized to perform a specific duty
survive
US / sə'vaɪv /
•UK / sɚˈvaɪv /
- verb
- To continue to live despite illness or trouble
strange
US / streɪndʒ /
•UK / strendʒ /
- adjecitve
- Unusual or odd; surprising because unexpected
strike
US / straɪk /
•UK / straɪk /
- noun
- A punch or hit
- Fact of not hitting the ball when playing baseball
- Refusal to work to get more pay, protest something
- verb
- To hit something
- To suddenly become (e.g. rich)
- To have an idea occur to you
recognize
US / ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz /
•UK / ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz /
- verb
- To accept the truth or reality of something
- To consider something as important or special
- To accept the legal authority of someone, thing
- To publicly show appreciation for someone's work
- To know someone or something because you have seen or heard him or her or experienced it before
seat
US / si:t /
•UK / sit /
- noun
- Place where a government or organization is based
- A chair or place to sit
- Official position in an organization
- Part of a chair on which a person sits
- verb
- To have seats available for a number of people
- To give someone a place to sit down
political
US / pəˈlɪtɪkl /
•UK / pəˈlɪtɪkəl /
- adjecitve
- Being active or interested in government matters
- Diplomatic
- Of the system of elections and government
- Concerning government or public affairs
- Involved in getting of power/influence in a group
court
US / kɔ:t /
•UK / kɔrt, kort /
- noun
- Place king or queen meet people, makes laws etc.
- Place where legal cases are decided
- Large, flat area, to play tennis or basketball
- verb
- To act in a way to shows you wish to marry someone
- To encourage dangerous behavior
- To pay attention to someone to get their support
escape
US / ɪ'skeɪp /
•UK / ɪˈskep /
- noun
- Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
- The 'esc key' on a keyboard
- Act of getting away from where you are being kept
- verb
- To avoid something undesirable, dangerous or bad
- To get away from a place where you are being kept
- (Gas, water) to come out from a pipe, container
- To not to be noticed or remembered by someone
limit
US / 'lɪmɪt /
•UK / ˈlɪmɪt /
- noun
- Point beyond which it is not possible to go
- verb
- To stop or prevent an increase past a point
demand
US / dɪ'mɑ:nd /
•UK / dɪˈmænd /
- noun
- Desire customers have to buy product, service
- A strong request for someone to do something
- verb
- To strongly request someone to do something
solve
US / sɒlv /
•UK / sɑ:lv /
- verb
- To figure out a way to handle a difficult problem
significant
US / sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt /
•UK / sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt /
- adjecitve
- Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
- Having meaning; important; noticeable
- (Statistics) being clearly different
determine
US / dɪ'tɜ:mɪn /
•UK / dɪˈtɚmɪn /
- verb
- To control exactly how something will be or act
- To establish the facts about; discover
king
US / kɪŋ /
•UK / kɪŋ /
- noun
- Person considered the best or top at something
- Playing card with the image of a king on it
- Key piece in the game of chess
- Royal male ruler of a country
- Person's name
peace
US / pi:s /
•UK / pis /
- noun
- Calm and quiet state
- Time when there is no war or fighting
suddenly
US / ˈsʌdənli /
•UK / ˈsʌdn:lɪ /
- adverb
- In an unexpected or very quick manner
seek
US / si:k /
•UK / sik /
- verb
- To ask someone for help
- To search for; try to find or do; look for
- To try to achieve something
maintain
US / meɪn'teɪn /
•UK / menˈten /
- verb
- To keep saying something a certain way
- To keep (machine) working by checking, repairing
- To keep, exist or continue without changing
development
US / dɪ'veləpmənt /
•UK / dɪˈvɛləpmənt /
- noun
- Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
- A new event related to a previous event
split
US / splɪt /
•UK / splɪt /
- adjecitve
- No longer married or in a relationship
- (Injured) by cutting it open, as in someone's lip
- (Of a decision) when people cannot decide a winner
- noun
- Difference of opinion in a group causing a break
- Separation or a break in something
- verb
- To become divided or broken along a straight line
- To cause a cut in (lip, etc.)
- To have difference of opinion in a group
- To separate into two or more pieces
- To divide something in an even or fair way
century
US / 'sentʃərɪ /
•UK / ˈsɛntʃəri /
- noun
- Period of 100 years
crisis
US / 'kraɪsɪs /
•UK / ˈkraɪsɪs /
- noun
- Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty
unfortunately
US / ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənətli /
•UK / ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənətli /
- adverb
- In a way that is to be regretted; unluckily
officially
US / əˈfɪʃəli /
•UK / əˈfɪʃəlɪ /
- adverb
- According to what is stated by an authority figure
refuse
US / rɪ'fju:z /
•UK / ˈrefjus /
- noun
- Garbage, waste
- verb
- To not accept, allow, or give something
article
US / 'ɑ:tɪkl /
•UK / ˈɑrtɪkəl /
- noun
- Word such as 'a', 'an', or 'the' used before nouns
- Piece of writing about a particular subject
- Piece of something, e.g. clothing
- Section of a business contract or law
election
US / ɪ'lekʃn /
•UK / ɪˈlɛkʃən /
- noun
- Process of choosing someone by voting
authority
US / ɔ:ˈθɒrəti /
•UK / əˈθɔrɪti, əˈθɑr-, ɔˈθɔr-, ɔˈθɑr- /
- noun
- The power to give orders to people
- Person who is an expert on a particular topic
- Expert knowledge on a given subject
- The power to decide or approve things
- a group of people who have the official power to make decisions
arrest
US / əˈrest /
•UK / əˈrɛst /
- noun
- Act of catching people who committed crimes
- verb
- To attract someone's attention and hold interest
- (Police) to catch and keep criminals
- To stop or slow something that is happening
gather
US / ˈgæðə(r) /
•UK / ˈɡæðɚ /
- noun
- Fold in cloth, as in a full skirt
- verb
- To bring objects together into one place
- (Of liquids) To come to a head, as in boil
- To collect foods such as wild berries or crops
- To increase or accumulate
- To bring people, animals together into a group
- To activate strength, courage to prepare for task
- To understand or believe some information
conflict
US / 'kɒnflɪkt /
•UK / ˈkɑnˌflɪkt /
- noun
- Argument or struggle between two or more parties
- verb
- To have opposite ideas; to disagree; To not match
regardless
US / rɪˈgɑ:dləs /
•UK / rɪˈɡɑrdlɪs /
- adverb
- Without being affected or concerned by something
capital
US / 'kæpɪtl /
•UK / ˈkæpɪtl /
- adjecitve
- Main, or major
- noun
- Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- Official main city of a country, province or state
- Collective name for money, shares, and assets
- Money that is used for a business
tax
US / tæks /
•UK / tæks /
- noun
- Money taken by a government from its people
- verb
- To require a lot of physical or mental effort
- (Government) to take money from a country's people
origin
US / ˈɒrɪdʒɪn /
•UK / ˈɔrədʒɪn,ˈɑr- /
- noun
- Point at which something begins or is created
- Country or social group that a person comes from
initially
US / ɪˈnɪʃəli /
•UK / ɪˈnɪʃəli /
- adverb
- At first; originally
drama
US / 'drɑ:mə /
•UK / ˈdrɑmə, ˈdræmə /
- noun
- Play that is performed on stage, theater, or TV
- Exciting, emotional event or series of events
- Study of acting
unusual
US / ʌnˈju:ʒuəl /
•UK / ʌnˈjuʒuəl /
- adjecitve
- Being rare or uncommon; not ordinary; strange
violent
US / ˈvaɪələnt /
•UK / ˈvaɪələnt /
- adjecitve
- Done with force; likely to produce physical damage
western
US / ˈwestən /
•UK / ˈwestərn /
- adjecitve
- Movies often about cowboys in the American West
- Coming from, found in, or facing towards the west
declare
US / dɪ'kleə(r) /
•UK / dɪˈklɛr /
- verb
- To make a statement in a strong and confident way
- To show the cost of things purchased overseas
- To say something in an official or sure way
desperate
US / ˈdespərət /
•UK / ˈdɛspərɪt /
- adjecitve
- Being beyond hope; prepared to do anything
- State of urgently wanting to go to the toilet
chaos
US / 'keɪɒs /
•UK / ˈkeˌɑs /
- other
- State of utter confusion or disorder
shocking
US / ˈʃɒkɪŋ /
•UK / ˈʃɑkɪŋ /
- adjecitve
- Very upsetting due to some unexpected event
- verb
- To affect someone with an electrical current
- To cause great surprise, horror, or anger
church
US / tʃɜ:tʃ /
•UK / tʃɚtʃ /
- noun
- Building where Christians gather and pray to God
- An occasion of Christian religious prayer, worship
existence
US / ɪɡ'zɪstəns /
•UK / ɪɡˈzɪstəns /
- noun
- State of being present, alive or real
wine
US / waɪn /
•UK / waɪn /
- adjecitve
- Dark red color
- noun
- Alcoholic drink made from the juice of grapes
assault
US / əˈsɔ:lt /
•UK / əˈsɔlt /
- noun
- An attack on someone physically or emotionally
- verb
- To attack someone physically or emotionally
french
US / frentʃ /
•UK / frentʃ /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of France
- noun
- Person's name
supporter
US / səˈpɔ:tə(r) /
•UK / səˈpɔrtɚ, -ˈpor- /
- noun
- Someone showing they are in favor of a idea, plan
- Someone who is a fan of a particular sports team
lifestyle
US / ˈlaɪfstaɪl /
•UK / ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl /
- noun
- The type of life that you have; the way you live
european
US / ˌjʊərəˈpiːən /
•UK / ˌjʊrəˈpiːən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of Europe
- noun
- Person from Europe
england
US / 'ɪŋɡlənd /
•UK / ˈɪŋɡlənd /
- proper noun
- A European country that forms the largest and most southern part of Great Britain and of the United
ordinary
US / 'ɔ:dnrɪ /
•UK / ˈɔ:rdneri /
- adjecitve
- Normal or usual
restore
US / rɪˈstɔ:(r) /
•UK / rɪˈstɔr, -ˈstor /
- verb
- To return a thing to its original condition
genuine
US / ˈdʒenjuɪn /
•UK / ˈdʒɛnjuɪn /
- adjecitve
- Being real, actual, and not false or artificial
- Being sincere in your actions or character
resolve
US / rɪ'zɒlv /
•UK / rɪˈzɑlv /
- verb
- To make a decision to do something
- To find an answer, solution to a problem/ question
- To change gradually into a different form
- To decide to try to do something
- To change into something, other parts, etc.
elect
US / ɪ'lekt /
•UK / ɪˈlɛkt /
- verb
- To select someone for a position by voting
finance
US / ˈfaɪnæns /
•UK / fəˈnæns, faɪ-, ˈfaɪˌnæns /
- adjecitve
- Concerned with money
- noun
- Control of money a person, business has access to
- verb
- To support someone or something financially
mob
US / mɒb /
•UK / mɑb /
- noun
- A secret criminal organization
- Large collection of people that share an interest
- verb
- To move close to (a star, etc.) in a large group
raid
US / reɪd /
•UK / red /
- noun
- Sudden entry by police; surprise attack by army
- (Army) to suddenly enter or attack a place
- verb
- (Army) to suddenly enter or attack a place
- To suddenly enter or attack, e.g. to steal or harm
council
US / 'kaʊnsl /
•UK / ˈkaʊnsəl /
- noun
- Group chosen to make decisions about something
urban
US / 'ɜ:bən /
•UK / ˈɚbən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning a city; located in a city
offend
US / ə'fend /
•UK / əˈfɛnd /
- verb
- To break a rule or do something wrong
- To upset, as by hurting someone's feelings
supreme
US / su:ˈpri:m /
•UK / sʊˈprim /
- adjecitve
- Greatest in degree/nature/quality; absolute best
- Holding the highest power, status or authority
realm
US / relm /
•UK / rɛlm /
- noun
- Area ruled by a king or queen
- Field of knowledge or thought
reign
US / reɪn /
•UK / ren /
- noun
- Time during which a person runs an organization
- Period of time when (e.g. king) rules a country
- verb
- To be present and felt or sensed by everyone there
- (King or Queen) to rule a country
amid
US / ə'mɪd /
•UK / ə'mɪd /
- preposition
- In the middle of
dispute
US / dɪ'spju:t /
•UK / dɪˈspjut /
- noun
- Argument with someone about something
- A question or doubt about something
- verb
- To argue with someone about something
- To disagree about who owns or controls something
- To question the truth or reality of something
france
US / frɑːns /
•UK / fræns /
- noun
- A republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe
arrival
US / əˈraɪvl /
•UK / əˈraɪvəl /
- noun
- When someone or something gets to at a place
radical
US / ˈrædɪkl /
•UK / ˈrædɪkəl,'rædɪkḷ /
- adjecitve
- Very new and different from what is traditional
- Concerning something's most basic part or form
- noun
- Person who believes in extreme political change
italian
US / ɪ'tælɪən /
•UK / ɪˈtæljən /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the culture and people of Italy
- noun
- Person from Italy
spiritual
US / ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl /
•UK / ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl /
- adjecitve
- Of religious belief; believing in things of soul
- noun
- Religious song from the southern united states
martin
US / ˈmɑ:tn /
•UK / ˈmɑrtn: /
- other
- Any of various swallows with squarish or slightly forked tail and long pointed wings; migrate around
arrangement
US / əˈreɪndʒmənt /
•UK / əˈrendʒmənt /
- noun
- Particular design of a device
- Piece of music written for a particular instrument
- Group of things organized in a particular way
- Organized plan, event for a time and place
- Action done in order for something to happen
resign
US / rɪ'zaɪn /
•UK / rɪ'zaɪn /
- verb
- To leave a job because you want to
prone
US / prəʊn /
•UK / proʊn /
- adjecitve
- Lying flat with your head facing the ground
- Likely to have, do or be (usually something bad)
italy
US / 'ɪtəlɪ /
•UK / 'ɪtəlɪ /
- proper noun
- A country in southern Europe; population 59,800,000 (estimated 2015); capital, Rome; official langua
appoint
US / ə'pɔɪnt /
•UK / əˈpɔɪnt /
- verb
- To officially choose a person for a job, position
ruler
US / ˈru:lə(r) /
•UK / ˈrulɚ /
- noun
- Someone who has control over a country or area
- Straight instrument used for measuring things
unite
US / juˈnaɪt /
•UK / juˈnaɪt /
- verb
- To join or come together for the same goal
diplomatic
US / ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk /
•UK / ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk /
- adjecitve
- Concerning formal relationships between countries
- Not being offensive
roman
US / rɔmə /
•UK / roˈmɑŋ /
- adjecitve
- A resident of modern Rome
- other
- A typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions
- An inhabitant of the ancient Roman Empire
- Characteristic of the modern type that most directly represents the type used in ancient Roman inscr
- Of or relating to or supporting Romanism
- Relating to or characteristic of people of Rome
luxurious
US / lʌgˈʒʊəriəs /
•UK / lʌgˈʒʊriəs /
- adjecitve
- Being very comfortable, beautiful, and expensive
greedy
US / 'ɡri:dɪ /
•UK / ˈɡridi /
- adjecitve
- Wanting to have more of something than you need
successor
US / səkˈsesə(r) /
•UK / səkˈsɛsɚ /
- noun
- Person who takes over the position of another
millennium
US / mɪˈleniəm /
•UK / məˈlɛniəm /
- noun
- Period of time that lasts one thousand years
petty
US / ˈpeti /
•UK / ˈpɛti /
- adjecitve
- Small and unimportant; small-minded
assert
US / ə'sɜ:t /
•UK / əˈsɚt /
- verb
- To state or declare your ideas positively strongly
homeland
US / ˈhəʊmlænd /
•UK / ˈhoʊmlænd /
- noun
- Country where you were born
catholic
US / ˈkæθlɪk /
•UK / ˈkæθəlɪk, ˈkæθlɪk /
- adjecitve
- One of many Christian belief systems
- noun
- Person believing in the Catholic church
plethora
US / ˈpleθərə /
•UK / ˈplɛθərə /
- noun
- (Formal) a large amount or number of something
swiftly
US / swɪftlɪ /
•UK / ˈswɪftlɪ /
- adverb
- Quickly
philip
US / ˈfilip /
•UK / ˈfɪlɪp /
- other
- Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born )
diplomat
US / ˈdɪpləmæt /
•UK / ˈdɪpləˌmæt /
- noun
- Person representing their government overseas
undisputed
US / ˌʌndɪ'spju:tɪd /
•UK / ˌʌndɪ'spju:tɪd /
- adjecitve
- Generally agreed upon; not subject to dispute
rome
US / rəʊm /
•UK / rom /
- other
- Leadership of the Roman Catholic Church
vie
US / vaɪ /
•UK / vaɪ /
- verb
- To fight or compete against to win or get a thing
pope
US / pu:p /
•UK / pop /
- noun
- Bishop of Rome and the head of the Catholic Church
denounce
US / dɪ'naʊns /
•UK / dɪˈnaʊns /
- verb
- To criticize publicly and forcefully
- To inform the authorities of some illegal activity
supremacy
US / su:ˈpreməsi /
•UK / sʊˈprɛməsi /
- noun
- State of being greatest or best possible
predicament
US / prɪˈdɪkəmənt /
•UK / prɪˈdɪkəmənt /
- noun
- Difficult situation that is hard to get out of
cardinal
US / ˈkɑ:dɪnl /
•UK / ˈkɑ:rdɪnl /
- adjecitve
- Of the greatest importance; paramount
entrench
US / ɪn'trentʃ /
•UK / ɛnˈtrɛntʃ /
- verb
- To make an opinion fixed so it is hard to change
cellar
US / 'selə(r) /
•UK / ˈsɛlɚ /
- noun
- Storage room under the house, similar to basement
rowdy
US / 'raʊdɪ /
•UK / ˈraʊdi /
- adjecitve
- Being rough or noisy
decree
US / dɪ'kri: /
•UK / dɪˈkri /
- noun
- Official order issued by an authority
- verb
- To give an order as an authority
earthly
US / ˈɜ:θli /
•UK / ˈə:θli /
- adverb
- Concerning or belonging to characteristic of earth
illegitimate
US / ˌɪləˈdʒɪtəmət /
•UK / ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtəmɪt /
- adjecitve
- Contrary to or forbidden by law
plunder
US / 'plʌndə(r) /
•UK / ˈplʌndɚ /
- noun
- Things taken violently or by force
- verb
- To take steal forcefully and unlawfully in wartime
vii
US / sevn /
•UK / sevn /
- cardinal number
archbishop
US / ˌɑ:tʃˈbɪʃəp /
•UK / ɑrtʃˈbɪʃəp /
- noun
- (Catholic) bishop controlling churches in an area
depose
US / dɪ'pəʊz /
•UK / dɪˈpoz /
- verb
- To remove something from power or prominence
viii
US / ˈeɪt /
•UK / ˈeɪt /
reformer
US / rɪˈfɔ:mə(r) /
•UK / rɪˈfɔrmər /
- noun
- Person who advocates political reform
pretender
US / prɪˈtendə(r) /
•UK / prɪˈtɛndɚ /
- noun
- Person who pretends what they believe
schism
US / ˈskɪzəm /
•UK / ˈsɪzəm, ˈskɪz- /
- noun
- Separation or division into disagreeing sides
heretic
US / ˈherətɪk /
•UK / ˈhɛrɪtɪk /
- adjecitve
- Person rebelling against accepted religion
pious
US / 'paɪəs /
•UK / ˈpaɪəs /
- adjecitve
- Feeling and showing love and duty to a religion
papal
US / ˈpeɪpl /
•UK / 'peɪpl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning the Pope or Roman Catholic Church
excommunicate
US / ˌekskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt /
•UK / ˌekskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt /
- verb
- To reject someone from the Catholic church
constance
US / 'kɒnstəns /
•UK / 'kɒnstəns /
- other
- A lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River
- Council in - that succeeded in ending the Great Schism in the Roman Catholic Church
vassal
US / ˈvæsl /
•UK / ˈvæsəl /
- noun
- One promising to serve a lord in return for land
clement
US / ˈklemənt /
•UK / ˈklɛmənt /
- adjecitve
- (Of weather or climate) Physically mild
- other
- (Used of persons or behavior) Inclined to show mercy
neapolitan
US / niəˈpɔlitən /
•UK / ˌniəˈpɑlɪtən /
- other
- A native or inhabitant of Naples
- Of or relating to or characteristic of Naples or its people
usurper
US / juːˈzɜːpə(r) /
•UK / juːˈzɜːrpər /
- noun
- Person wrongfully taking the place of a king, etc.
papacy
US / 'peɪpəsɪ /
•UK / 'peɪpəsɪ /
- noun
- Position or the authority of the Pope
christendom
US / ˈkrɪsndəm /
•UK / ˈkrɪsndəm /
- noun
- Christians taken as a whole
doctrinal
US / dɒkˈtraɪnl /
•UK / ˈdɑ:ktrənl /
- adjecitve
- Concerning or involving with doctrine
conclave
US / ˈkɒŋkleɪv /
•UK / ˈkɑnˌklev, ˈkɑŋ- /
- noun
- Confidential or secret meeting